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79,100 | 115-120. https://web.archive.org/web/20050518113632/http://homepage.newschool.edu/~AShaikh/humbug.pdf Anwar Shaikh, "Laws of Production and Laws of Algebra—Humbug II", in Growth, Profits and Property ed. by Edward J. Nell. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1980. https://web.archive.org/web/20050518112119/http://ho... | Accounting profit | 0.800151 |
79,101 | This can be interpreted in a purely mathematical sense as a strong form of "asymptotically flat", where the coefficient of the |x|−1 part of the expansion of the metric is declared to be a constant multiple of the Euclidean metric, as opposed to a general symmetric 2-tensor. Note also that Schoen and Yau's theorem, as ... | Positive mass conjecture | 0.800151 |
79,102 | Formalized mathematics does not yet resemble real, traditional mathematics. This is partly due to the complexity of mathematical notation, and partly to the limitations of existing theorem provers and proof assistants; the paper finds that the major contenders, Mizar, HOL, and Coq, have serious shortcomings in their ab... | QED manifesto | 0.800151 |
79,103 | In mathematics, the Lagrange numbers are a sequence of numbers that appear in bounds relating to the approximation of irrational numbers by rational numbers. They are linked to Hurwitz's theorem. | Lagrange number | 0.800151 |
79,104 | The test statistic is compared with a threshold value, which is determined based on the requirements for the probability of false alarm (Pfa) and the expected measurement noise. In aviation systems, the Pfa is fixed at 1/15000. The horizontal integrity limit (HIL) or horizontal protection level (HPL) is a figure which ... | Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring | 0.800151 |
79,105 | The first observation of a transiting extrasolar planet in Slovakia was performed at the observatory. The solar physics researchers perform solar prominence and chromosphere features observations in the H-alpha line. | Modra Observatory | 0.800151 |
79,106 | There is a natural generalization in which the ring of polynomials is replaced by a one-dimensional function field. Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, let C/k be a smooth projective curve of genus g, let a , b ∈ k ( C ) {\displaystyle a,b\in k(C)} be rational functions on C satisfying a + b = 1... | Mason–Stothers theorem | 0.80015 |
79,107 | For a fixed type a, consider the functor mapping types b to the product type of those two types. We moreover also add a term Nil to this resulting type. An f-algebra shall now map Nil to some special term nil of b or "merge" a pair (any other term of the constructed type) into a term of b. This merging of a pair can be... | Catamorphism | 0.80015 |
79,108 | "Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution" is a 1973 essay by the evolutionary biologist Theodosius Dobzhansky, criticising anti-evolution creationism and espousing theistic evolution. The essay was first published in American Biology Teacher in 1973.Dobzhansky first used the title statement, in ... | Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution | 0.80015 |
79,109 | Pneumatic chemistry developed in the eighteenth century with the work of scientists such as Stephen Hales, Joseph Black, Joseph Priestley, and Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier, and others. Until the eighteenth century, gas was not recognized as a separate state of matter. Rather, while some of the mechanical properties of gas... | Illuminating gas | 0.80015 |
79,110 | Granqvist is a leading figure of Swedish and international science in various fields including nanomaterials; green nanotechnology; materials for solar energy utilization and energy efficiency (solar cells, solar collectors, energy efficient fenestration), electrochromic materials (smart windows); condensed matter phys... | Claes-Göran Granqvist | 0.80015 |
79,111 | In electrical engineering, partial discharge (PD) is a localized dielectric breakdown (DB) (which does not completely bridge the space between the two conductors) of a small portion of a solid or fluid electrical insulation (EI) system under high voltage (HV) stress. While a corona discharge (CD) is usually revealed by... | Partial Discharge | 0.80015 |
79,112 | A typical use of cutoffs is to prevent singularities from appearing during calculation. If some quantities are computed as integrals over energy or another physical quantity, these cutoffs determine the limits of integration. The exact physics is reproduced when the appropriate cutoffs are sent to zero or infinity. How... | UV cutoff | 0.80015 |
79,113 | Studies using a Drosophila model for DM1 showed an influence on related phenotypic outcomes such as eye morphology and climbing distance.Aside from studies involved r(CUG) repeats, other complex RNA structures have also been targeted. Pearson and coworkers discovered that a cationic porphyrin (TMPyP4) bound a G-quadrup... | RNA-targeting small molecule drugs | 0.80015 |
79,114 | Identifying and attacking the saddle point problem in high-dimensional non-convex optimization (PDF). Curran Associates, Inc. pp. 2933–2941. | Surya Ganguli | 0.80015 |
79,115 | DAVINCI (Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry, and Imaging) is a planned mission for an orbiter and atmospheric probe to the planet Venus. Together with the VERITAS mission, which will also study Venus, it was selected by NASA on 2 June 2021 to be part of their Discovery Program.DAVINCI will se... | DAVINCI | 0.80015 |
79,116 | 1400 – Madhava discovers the series expansion for the inverse-tangent function, the infinite series for arctan and sin, and many methods for calculating the circumference of the circle, and uses them to compute π correct to 11 decimal places. c. 1400 – Jamshid al-Kashi "contributed to the development of decimal fractio... | Timeline of mathematics | 0.800149 |
79,117 | From the geometry, v 1 {\displaystyle v_{1}} is the component of u in the direction normal to the incident wave, so that v 1 = u sin θ 1 . {\displaystyle v_{1\! }=u\sin \theta _{1}\,.} | Total Internal Reflection | 0.800149 |
79,118 | The Yeast Metabolome Database (YMDB) is a comprehensive, high-quality, freely accessible, online database of small molecule metabolites found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker’s yeast). The YMDB was designed to facilitate yeast metabolomics research, specifically in the areas of general fermentation as ... | Yeast Metabolome Database | 0.800148 |
79,119 | This allows the database to remain operational even when an individual server node fails or is manually removed from the cluster. Since version 4.0 (2018), Aerospike Database can be configured both as Available and Partition-tolerant (AP) or Consistent and Partition-tolerant (CP) under the CAP theorem.The client cluste... | Aerospike (database) | 0.800148 |
79,120 | Since dimension is a local invariant (i.e. the map sending each point to the dimension of its neighbourhood over which a chart is defined, is locally constant), each connected component has a fixed dimension. Sheaf-theoretically, a manifold is a locally ringed space, whose structure sheaf is locally isomorphic to the s... | Manifold with boundary | 0.800148 |
79,121 | He is also notable for the proposal of the Minimal Cognitive Grid as a methodological tool to rank the explanatory power of biologically and cognitively inspired artificial systems, and for the invention, with Gian Luca Pozzato, of a cognitively-inspired probabilistic description logics known as TCL (Typicality-based C... | Antonio Lieto | 0.800148 |
79,122 | "Five Billion Years of Solitude: The Search for Life Among the Stars". Physics Today. 67 (12): 59. | Five Billion Years of Solitude | 0.800147 |
79,123 | Following nucleosome formation, CHD complexes organize nucleosomes by regularly spacing them apart along the DNA.Additionally, CHDs in higher-order organisms can slide/eject nucleosomes or histone dimers to allosterically regulate DNA accessibility. Specific CHD complexes, such as the nucleosome remodeling deacetylase ... | Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding (CHD) protein subfamily | 0.800147 |
79,124 | A metric space is a connected space if and only if, whenever the space is partitioned into two sets, one of the two sets contains a sequence converging to a point in the other set. A topological space is separable exactly when there is a dense sequence of points.Sequences can be generalized to nets or filters. These ge... | Bi-infinite string | 0.800147 |
79,125 | In principle, it is theoretically possible for all properties of glueballs to be calculated exactly and derived directly from the equations and fundamental physical constants of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) without further experimental input. So, the predicted properties of these hypothetical particles can be described... | Glueball | 0.800147 |
79,126 | As medical technology has advanced, so have modern approaches to triage, which are increasingly based on scientific models. The categorizations of the victims are frequently the result of triage scores based on specific physiological assessment findings. Some models, such as the START model may be algorithm-based. As t... | Manchester Triage System | 0.800147 |
79,127 | Scientific drilling is used to address a wide range of problems, which cannot be addressed using rocks exposed on the surface or the seafloor. The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program has a broad set of research objectives, which can be divided into three principal themes: The nature of the deep biosphere and the oceanic ... | Scientific drilling | 0.800146 |
79,128 | In mathematics, especially ring theory, a regular ideal can refer to multiple concepts. In operator theory, a right ideal i {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {i}}} in a (possibly) non-unital ring A is said to be regular (or modular) if there exists an element e in A such that e x − x ∈ i {\displaystyle ex-x\in {\mathfrak {i}}}... | Regular ideal | 0.800146 |
79,129 | In molecular biology, linker DNA is double-stranded DNA (38-53 base pairs long) in between two nucleosome cores that, in association with histone H1, holds the cores together. Linker DNA is seen as the string in the "beads and string model", which is made by using an ionic solution on the chromatin. Linker DNA connects... | Linker DNA | 0.800146 |
79,130 | Becerra, S. Patricia; Sagasti, Alessandra; Spinella, Patricia; Notario, Vicente (October 1995). "Pigment Epithelium-derived Factor Behaves Like a Noninhibitory Serpin". Journal of Biological Chemistry. | S. Patricia Becerra | 0.800146 |
79,131 | A chip scale atomic clock (CSAC) is a compact, low-power atomic clock fabricated using techniques of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and incorporating a low-power semiconductor laser as the light source. The first CSAC physics package was demonstrated at NIST in 2003, based on an invention made in 2001. The work ... | Chip-scale atomic clock | 0.800145 |
79,132 | The Cost Approach considers the several elements of cost that may have been entered to create the intellectual property and to seek a royalty rate that will recapture the expense of its development and obtain a return that is commensurate with its expected life. Costs considered could include R&D expenditures, pilot-pl... | Resource royalties | 0.800145 |
79,133 | Rowland theorized that man made organic compound gases will decompose as a result of solar radiation in the stratosphere, releasing atoms of chlorine which react with oxygen (ozone) to form chlorine monoxide, and that they are individually able to destroy large numbers of ozone molecules. It was obvious that Rowland ha... | F. Sherwood Rowland | 0.800145 |
79,134 | Dr. Aristides Patrinos (Greek: Αριστείδης Πατρινός) is an expert in synthetic biology, and a former leader of the Human Genome Project. | Aristides Patrinos | 0.800145 |
79,135 | Stone studied Natural Sciences at Emmanuel College, Cambridge and obtained a Ph.D. in theoretical chemistry under H. Christopher Longuet-Higgins. | Anthony Stone | 0.800145 |
79,136 | Fumio Hine carried out equivalent developments in Japan. In addition, several individuals, including Kuhn, Kreysa, Rousar, Fleischmann, Alkire, Coeuret, Pletcher, and Walsh established many other training centers and, with their colleagues, developed important experimental and theoretical methods of study. Currently, t... | Electrochemical engineering | 0.800145 |
79,137 | McLean obtained his BS and MS in Mechanical Engineering in 1958 at Cornell University, his MSc in Business Administration in 1967 from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where in 1970 he also obtained his PhD. After his graduation at Cornell University, McLean served at the U.S. Ordnance Corps, and then joined Proc... | Ephraim R. McLean | 0.800144 |
79,138 | A Hopfield network (or Amari-Hopfield network, Ising model of a neural network or Ising–Lenz–Little model) is a form of recurrent artificial neural network and a type of spin glass system popularised by John Hopfield in 1982 as described by Shun'ichi Amari in 1972 and by Little in 1974 based on Ernst Ising's work with ... | Hopfield neural network | 0.800144 |
79,139 | A subject-matter expert (SME) is a person who has accumulated great knowledge in a particular field or topic and this level of knowledge is demonstrated by the person's degree, licensure, and/or through years of professional experience with the subject, i.e. a PhD in chemistry could be easily declared as a SME in chemi... | Domain expertise | 0.800144 |
79,140 | His fundamental philosophy was that, to understand the structural chemistry of the brain, it was necessary to identify all brain components. Thus, he developed mild procedures for quantitative extraction of brain lipids leading to the classic method using a chloroform-methanol mixture and a phase partition with water w... | Jordi Folch Pi | 0.800144 |
79,141 | Sober, Elliott; Steel, Mike (2015). "How probable is common ancestry according to different evolutionary processes?". Journal of Theoretical Biology. | Elliott Sober | 0.800144 |
79,142 | Suppose A is a von Neumann algebra. let Z(A) be the center of A, that is the set of operators in A that commute with all operators A, that is Z ( A ) = A ∩ A ′ {\displaystyle \mathbf {Z} (A)=A\cap A'} Z(A) is an Abelian von Neumann algebra. Example. The center of L(H) is 1-dimensional. | Direct integral | 0.800144 |
79,143 | The narrow conical shape of northern conifers, and their downward-drooping limbs, help them shed snow. Many of them seasonally alter their biochemistry to make them more resistant to freezing. While tropical rainforests have more biodiversity and turnover, the immense conifer forests of the world represent the largest ... | Coniferous tree | 0.800143 |
79,144 | CajunBot's custom AGV software, CBSystem, was primarily developed in C++ for use on the Linux operating system. Capabilities of CBSystem: Urban path planning for navigation of an RNDF network, while handling lane blockages, stalled vehicles, intersection precedence & queuing, free zone navigation, and parking behavior.... | CajunBot | 0.800143 |
79,145 | These changes in the phenotypes will be an advantage to some organisms, which will then be passed onto their offspring. Some examples of evolution in species over many generations are the peppered moth and flightless birds. In the 1930s, the discipline of evolutionary biology emerged through what Julian Huxley called t... | Evolutionary Biology | 0.800143 |
79,146 | The objective of this drug discovery phase is to synthesize lead compounds, new analogs with improved potency, reduced off-target activities, and physiochemical/metabolic properties suggestive of reasonable in vivo pharmacokinetics. This optimization is accomplished through chemical modification of the hit structure, w... | Lead optimization | 0.800143 |
79,147 | The Turing Award is generally recognized as the highest distinction in computer science, and in 2014 grew to $1,000,000. The Millennium Technology Prize is awarded once every two years by Technology Academy Finland, an independent fund established by Finnish industry and the Finnish state in partnership. The first reci... | Bleeding edge technology | 0.800142 |
79,148 | The Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM) develops and applies medical imaging techniques using MRI and PET for clinical applications and to investigate neurological, neuropsychological, and psychological issues. Equipment at INM includes a combined 3 tesla and 9.4 Tesla MRI PET tomograph as well as a 7 Tesla, ... | Forschungszentrum Jülich | 0.800142 |
79,149 | SPIN (Searchable Physics Information Notices) bibliographic database is an indexing and abstracting service produced by the American Institute of Physics (AIP). The content focus of SPIN is described as the most significant areas of physics research. This type of literature coverage spans the major physical science jou... | SPIN bibliographic database | 0.800142 |
79,150 | MCC did research and development in the following areas: System Architecture and Design (optimise hardware and software design, provide for scalability and interoperability, allow rapid prototyping for improved time-to-market, and support the re-engineering of existing systems for open systems). Advanced Microelectron... | Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation | 0.800142 |
79,151 | One approach to the computation of gradient information in RNNs with arbitrary architectures is based on signal-flow graphs diagrammatic derivation. It uses the BPTT batch algorithm, based on Lee's theorem for network sensitivity calculations. It was proposed by Wan and Beaufays, while its fast online version was propo... | Recurrent neural networks | 0.800142 |
79,152 | In C++, although individual bools typically occupy the same space as a byte or an integer, the STL type vector is a partial template specialization in which bits are packed as a space efficiency optimization. Since bytes (and not bits) are the smallest addressable unit in C++, the operator does not return a reference ... | Bit string | 0.800142 |
79,153 | A corner in Z d {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} ^{d}} is a set of points of the form { a } ∪ { a + h e i: 1 ≤ i ≤ d } {\displaystyle \{a\}\cup \{a+he_{i}:1\leq i\leq d\}} , where e 1 , … , e d {\displaystyle e_{1},\ldots ,e_{d}} is the standard basis of R d {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{d}} , and h ≠ 0 {\displaystyle h\neq 0... | Corners theorem | 0.800141 |
79,154 | The Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (IEST) is a non-profit, technical society where professionals who impact controlled environments connect, gain knowledge, receive advice, and work together to create industry best practices. The organization uniquely serves environmental test engineers, qualificati... | Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology | 0.800141 |
79,155 | The MinXSS project was structured after the Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment CubeSat, which established the graduate projects course led by Joseph R. Tanner in the Aerospace Engineering Sciences department at the University of Colorado Boulder. Students in the department have the choice to either complete a Ma... | Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat | 0.800141 |
79,156 | Specific varieties of definable numbers include the constructible numbers of geometry, the algebraic numbers, and the computable numbers. Because formal languages can have only countably many formulas, every notion of definable numbers has at most countably many definable real numbers. However, by Cantor's diagonal arg... | Definable number | 0.800141 |
79,157 | Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 1-4398-5511-0. | Caesium iodide | 0.800141 |
79,158 | The idea of timestamping information is centuries old. For example, when Robert Hooke discovered Hooke's law in 1660, he did not want to publish it yet, but wanted to be able to claim priority. So he published the anagram ceiiinosssttuv and later published the translation ut tensio sic vis (Latin for "as is the extensi... | Digital timestamping | 0.800141 |
79,159 | For avoiding ambiguity, the term irreducible hypersurface is often used. As for algebraic varieties, the coefficients of the defining polynomial may belong to any fixed field k, and the points of the hypersurface are the zeros of p in the affine space K n , {\displaystyle K^{n},} where K is an algebraically closed exte... | Complex hypersurface | 0.800141 |
79,160 | In software engineering, a bottleneck occurs when the capacity of an application or a computer system is limited by a single component. The bottleneck has lowest throughput of all parts of the transaction path. | Single point of failure | 0.800141 |
79,161 | In one instance, Iyer submitted some of Ramanujan's theorems on summation of series to the journal, adding, "The following theorem is due to S. Ramanujan, the mathematics student of Madras University." Later in November, British Professor Edward B. Ross of Madras Christian College, whom Ramanujan had met a few years be... | Srinivasa Ramanujan | 0.80014 |
79,162 | Arguably the first modern experimental treatise was William Gilbert's De Magnete (1600), in which he deduced that compasses point north because the Earth itself is magnetic. In 1687 Isaac Newton published his Principia, which not only laid the foundations for classical mechanics and gravitation but also explained a var... | History of geophysics | 0.80014 |
79,163 | Peirce (1880) showed how all the Boolean elective functions could be expressed by the use of a single primitive binary operation, "neither ... nor ..." and equally well "not both ... and ...", however, like many of Peirce's innovations, this remained unknown or unnoticed until Sheffer rediscovered it in 1913. Boole's e... | History of logic | 0.80014 |
79,164 | Pourbaix diagrams have many applications in different fields dealing with e.g., corrosion problems, geochemistry, and environmental sciences. Using the Pourbaix diagram correctly will help shedding light not only on the nature of the species present in aqueous solution, or in the solid phases, but may also help to unde... | Pourbaix diagram | 0.80014 |
79,165 | The Center for Nanotechnology is one of the first centers for nanotechnology. It is located in Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It offers many possibilities for research, education, start-ups and companies in nanotechnology. Hence it works together with the University of Münster (WWU), the Max Planck Institute... | CeNTech | 0.80014 |
79,166 | During this time, he studied the new discoveries in mathematics, including Christiaan Huygens's De ratiociniis in aleae ludo, Descartes' La Géométrie and Frans van Schooten's supplements of it. He also studied Isaac Barrow and John Wallis, leading to his interest in infinitesimal geometry. Apart from these, it was betw... | Jacob Bernoulli | 0.80014 |
79,167 | A number of tools, ranging from the elementary to the more advanced, include: Dimension counting Bézout's theorem Schubert calculus, and more generally characteristic classes in cohomology The connection of counting intersections with cohomology is Poincaré duality The study of moduli spaces of curves, maps and other g... | Clemens conjecture | 0.80014 |
79,168 | Epigenetics is the study of stable phenotypic changes that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence. Illicit drug use has been found to cause epigenetic changes in DNA methylation, as well as chromatin remodeling. The epigenetic state of chromatin may pose as a risk for the development of substance addictions. It... | Drug addiction | 0.800139 |
79,169 | By the 1970s, Johnson and Kotz produced a four-volume Compendium on Statistical Distributions (1st ed., 1969–1972), which is still an invaluable resource. Applied statistics can be regarded as not a field of mathematics but an autonomous mathematical science, like computer science and operations research. Unlike mathem... | History of statistics | 0.800139 |
79,170 | Cornell's goal is to raise at least $504,000 per year through membership fees generated by approximately 220 institutions.In September 2011, Cornell University Library took overall administrative and financial responsibility for arXiv's operation and development. Ginsparg was quoted in the Chronicle of Higher Education... | ArXiv (identifier) | 0.800139 |
79,171 | The Berry mechanism, or Berry pseudorotation mechanism, is a type of vibration causing molecules of certain geometries to isomerize by exchanging the two axial ligands (see Figure at right) for two of the equatorial ones. It is the most widely accepted mechanism for pseudorotation and most commonly occurs in trigonal b... | Berry pseudorotation | 0.800139 |
79,172 | Schlegel diagrams are often used to clarify the 3D structure of closed-shell fullerenes, as 2D projections are often not ideal in this sense.In mathematical terms, the combinatorial topology (that is, the carbon atoms and the bonds between them, ignoring their positions and distances) of a closed-shell fullerene with a... | C84 fullerene | 0.800139 |
79,173 | In biochemistry and metabolism, beta oxidation (also β-oxidation) is the catabolic process by which fatty acid molecules are broken down in the cytosol in prokaryotes and in the mitochondria in eukaryotes to generate acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle, and NADH and FADH2, which are co-enzymes used in the el... | Beta oxidation | 0.800139 |
79,174 | i ℏ ∂ ∂ t Ψ ( r , t ) = H ^ Ψ ( r , t ) {\displaystyle {i\hbar {\frac {\partial }{\partial t}}\Psi (\mathbf {r} ,\,t)={\hat {H}}\Psi (\mathbf {r} ,\,t)}} The Schrödinger equation, use to describe how the quantum state of a physical system changes with time Between 1966 and 1968, Abdus Salam's doctoral students had retu... | Department of Physics, Quaid-e-Azam University | 0.800139 |
79,175 | Then if all the plots of f {\displaystyle f} vs x {\displaystyle x} obtained at different times collapse onto a single universal curve then it is said that the systems at different time are similar and it obeys dynamic scaling. The idea of data collapse is deeply rooted to the Buckingham Pi theorem. Essentially such sy... | Dynamic scaling | 0.800138 |
79,176 | In general, pseudogroups were studied as a possible theory of infinite-dimensional Lie groups. The concept of a local Lie group, namely a pseudogroup of functions defined in neighbourhoods of the origin of a Euclidean space E, is actually closer to Lie's original concept of Lie group, in the case where the transformati... | Pseudogroup | 0.800138 |
79,177 | Any algebraic extension of a quasi-algebraically closed field is quasi-algebraically closed. The Brauer group of a finite extension of a quasi-algebraically closed field is trivial. A quasi-algebraically closed field has cohomological dimension at most 1. | C2 field | 0.800138 |
79,178 | Michael Justin Kearns is an American computer scientist, professor and National Center Chair at the University of Pennsylvania, the founding director of Penn's Singh Program in Networked & Social Systems Engineering (NETS), the founding director of Warren Center for Network and Data Sciences, and also holds secondary a... | Michael Kearns (computer scientist) | 0.800138 |
79,179 | Petersburg in 2007 on the occasion of the celebration of Leonhard Euler’s 300th birthday and the Academy Lecture at Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities in 2008. His research interests are Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory (in particular Diophantine Approximation and Transcendence Theory) and Hodge ... | Gisbert Wüstholz | 0.800138 |
79,180 | Like the dihedral symmetry pyramids, and elongated pyramids, it is self-dual, with the dual geometry inverted across the axis of symmetry. It is one of three self-dual tridecahedra with C4v symmetry. | Diminished rhombic dodecahedron | 0.800138 |
79,181 | Adetayo Kasim, Ziv Shkedy, Sebastian Kaiser, Sepp Hochreiter, Willem Talloen (2016), Applied Biclustering Methods for Big and High-Dimensional Data Using R, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press Orzechowski, P., Sipper, M., Huang, X., & Moore, J. H. (2018). EBIC: an evolutionary-based parallel biclustering algorithm for pattern dis... | Biclustering | 0.800138 |
79,182 | In statistics, Box–Behnken designs are experimental designs for response surface methodology, devised by George E. P. Box and Donald Behnken in 1960, to achieve the following goals: Each factor, or independent variable, is placed at one of three equally spaced values, usually coded as −1, 0, +1. (At least three levels ... | Box–Behnken design | 0.800137 |
79,183 | Up to now all was physics, now some chemistry enters. The self exchange reaction is a very specific redox reaction, most of the redox reactions are between different partners e.g. 4 − + 2 − ↽ − − ⇀ 3 − + 3 − {\displaystyle {\ce {{^{4-}}+{^{2-}}<=>{^{3-}}+{^{3-}}}}} and they have positive (endergonic) or negative (e... | Marcus Theory | 0.800137 |
79,184 | In 1995, Taflove authored the textbook/research monograph, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. In 1998, he edited the research monograph, Advances in Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. Subsequently, he and Susan Hagness of the University of Wisc... | Allen Taflove | 0.800137 |
79,185 | Tseng was the first to establish the convergence of the affine scaling algorithm for linear programming in the presence of degeneracy. Tseng has coauthored (with his Ph.D. advisor, Dimitri Bertsekas) a publicly available network optimization program, called RELAX, which has been widely used in industry and academia for... | Paul Tseng | 0.800137 |
79,186 | After these results were rediscovered by others, Skolem published a 1936 paper in German, "Über gewisse 'Verbände' oder 'Lattices'", surveying his earlier work in lattice theory. Skolem was a pioneer model theorist. In 1920, he greatly simplified the proof of a theorem Leopold Löwenheim first proved in 1915, resulting ... | Thoralf Skolem | 0.800136 |
79,187 | Matthias Scheffler (born June 25, 1951, in Berlin) is a German theoretical physicist whose research focuses on condensed matter theory, materials science, and artificial intelligence. He is particularly known for his contributions to density-functional theory and many-electron quantum mechanics and for his development ... | Matthias Scheffler | 0.800136 |
79,188 | Niels Ferguson, a well-respected cryptography researcher, has publicly stated that he will not release some of his research into an Intel security design for fear of prosecution under the DMCA. Cryptologist Bruce Schneier has argued that the DMCA encourages vendor lock-in, while inhibiting actual measures toward cyber-... | Cryptography law | 0.800136 |
79,189 | There are three general strategies for explicitly constructing families of expander graphs. The first strategy is algebraic and group-theoretic, the second strategy is analytic and uses additive combinatorics, and the third strategy is combinatorial and uses the zig-zag and related graph products. Noga Alon showed that... | Expanding graph | 0.800136 |
79,190 | By 1970, the red-giant region was well understood as being made up from subgiants, the RGB itself, the horizontal branch, and the AGB, and the evolutionary state of the stars in these regions was broadly understood. The red-giant branch was described as the first giant branch in 1967, to distinguish it from the second ... | Red-giant branch | 0.800135 |
79,191 | So, the attribution of F to x presupposes Px and the theory T f {\displaystyle T_{f}} , but Px, in turn, presupposes P'x and T p {\displaystyle T_{p}} and so on. As a result, we have a series of predicates F, P, P ′ {\displaystyle P'} , P ″ {\displaystyle P''} ... and a series of theories T f {\displaystyle T_{f}} , T ... | Anomalous Monism | 0.800135 |
79,192 | The nth-power-raising function pn is also defined on any Zn-algebra A. A theorem states that n is prime if and only if all such functions pn are algebra endomorphisms. In-between these two conditions lies the definition of Carmichael number of order m for any positive integer m as any composite number n such that pn is... | Carmichael number | 0.800135 |
79,193 | Inferences about individuals based on aggregate data are weakened by the ecological fallacy. Also consider the potential for committing the "atomistic fallacy" where assumptions about aggregated counts are made based on the aggregation of individual level data (such as averaging census tracts to calculate a county aver... | Cross-sectional study | 0.800135 |
79,194 | Radicals of algebras and structure theory (with Iu. M. Ryabukhin). Moscow: Nauka, 1979. | Vladimir Andrunakievich | 0.800135 |
79,195 | The reaction can be extended to aliphatic aldehydes with base catalysis in the presence of thiazolium salts; the reaction mechanism is essentially the same. These compounds are important in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. The analogous 1,4-addition of an aldehyde to an enone is called the Stetter reaction. In ... | Benzoin condensation | 0.800135 |
79,196 | Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published quarterly by Taylor & Francis. It publishes full papers and review articles on new syntheses and green chemistry. | Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews | 0.800135 |
79,197 | Onasemnogene abeparvovec, developed by the US biotechnology startup AveXis, which was acquired by Novartis in 2018, is based on research conducted at the Institut de Myologie in France.The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted onasemnogene abeparvovec-xioi various designations including fast track, breakthrou... | Onasemnogene abeparvovec | 0.800135 |
79,198 | The combinatorics of parentheses is replaced with counting ballots in an election with two candidates in Bertrand's ballot theorem, first published by William Allen Whitworth in 1878. The theorem states the probability that winning candidate is ahead in the count, given known final tallies for each candidate. == Refere... | Lobb numbers | 0.800134 |
79,199 | The term "Boolean algebra" honors George Boole (1815–1864), a self-educated English mathematician. He introduced the algebraic system initially in a small pamphlet, The Mathematical Analysis of Logic, published in 1847 in response to an ongoing public controversy between Augustus De Morgan and William Hamilton, and lat... | Generalized Boolean semilattice | 0.800134 |
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