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80,100 | Polynomial-time approximation schemes that he developed for scheduling problems have found applications in many subsequent works. His current research includes stochastic optimization for data-driven models in a broad cross-section of areas, including COVID epidemiological modeling, congressional districting, transport... | David Shmoys | 0.799933 |
80,101 | : University of Michigan Press, MR 0010543 Artin, Emil (1955), Elements of algebraic geometry, Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University Artin, Emil (1958), A Freshman Honors Course in Calculus and Analytic Geometry, University of Buffalo, ISBN 0-923891-52-8 Artin, Emil (1959), Theory of algebraic... | Emil Artin | 0.799933 |
80,102 | Ian Gent, University of St Andrews, has described this idea which is key to the argument as the "Petrie Multiplier. "According to J. McGrath Cohoon, senior research scientist for the National Center for Women & Information Technology, there are a few possible hypotheses for why women are underrepresented in computer sc... | Gender disparity in computing | 0.799933 |
80,103 | Viète was well skilled in most modern artifices, aiming at the simplification of equations by the substitution of new quantities having a certain connection with the primitive unknown quantities. Another of his works, Recensio canonica effectionum geometricarum, bears a modern stamp, being what was later called an alge... | New algebra | 0.799933 |
80,104 | In effect, physicalism by this second account becomes the circular claim that all phenomena are explicable in terms of physics because physics properly defined is whatever explains all phenomena. Beenakker has proposed to resolve Hempel's dilemma with the definition: "The boundary between physics and metaphysics is the... | Hempel's dilemma | 0.799933 |
80,105 | Nuance Communications, Inc. owned by Microsoft is an American multinational computer software technology corporation, headquartered in Burlington, Massachusetts, that markets speech recognition and artificial intelligence software. Nuance merged with its competitor in the commercial large-scale speech application busin... | Nuance Communications | 0.799933 |
80,106 | Phan-Thien graduated from the University of Sydney, Sydney Australia, with a BEng (Mech. Eng. 1st Honours, University Medalist, 1975). He later completed a PhD degree at the University of Sydney, the Department of Mechanical Engineering in 1979. | Nhan Phan-Thien | 0.799933 |
80,107 | In the mathematical field of order theory, an inclusion order is the partial order that arises as the subset-inclusion relation on some collection of objects. In a simple way, every poset P = (X,≤) is (isomorphic to) an inclusion order (just as every group is isomorphic to a permutation group – see Cayley's theorem). T... | Inclusion order | 0.799933 |
80,108 | Rashevsky, N. (1960). Mathematical Biophysics, Volume 1 (3rd ed.). Dover Publications. | List of important publications in physics | 0.799933 |
80,109 | The management of any health system is typically directed through a set of policies and plans adopted by government, private sector business and other groups in areas such as personal healthcare delivery and financing, pharmaceuticals, health human resources, and public health.Public health is concerned with threats to... | Medical system | 0.799932 |
80,110 | Application of pathway analysis methods depends on annotations found in existing databases, such as gene set membership in pathways, pathway topology, presence of genes in the global network etc. These annotations, however, are far from being complete and have highly variable degrees of confidence. In addition, such in... | Pathway analysis | 0.799932 |
80,111 | Such a view has also been expressed by some well-known physicists. For example, the Physics Nobel Prize laureate Richard Feynman said People say to me, "Are you looking for the ultimate laws of physics?" No, I'm not ... If it turns out there is a simple ultimate law which explains everything, so be it – that would be v... | Foundational mathematics | 0.799932 |
80,112 | The Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem implies that a faithful reproduction of the original signal is only possible if the sampling rate is higher than twice the highest frequency of the signal. Since a practical ADC cannot make an instantaneous conversion, the input value must necessarily be held constant during the tim... | A-to-D converter | 0.799932 |
80,113 | l-DOPA, also known as levodopa and l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, is an amino acid that is made and used as part of the normal biology of some plants and animals, including humans. Humans, as well as a portion of the other animals that utilize l-DOPA, make it via biosynthesis from the amino acid l-tyrosine. l-DOPA is th... | L-DOPA | 0.799932 |
80,114 | Named after the world's fastest typist at the time, it had a vocabulary of 20,000 words and used prediction to decide the most likely result based on what was said in the past. IBM's approach was based on a hidden Markov model, which adds statistics to digital signal processing techniques. The method makes it possible ... | Interactive online characters | 0.799931 |
80,115 | in Music and Physics from Bennington College in 1975, where she studied instrument building with Gunnar Schonbeck and composition with Otto Luening. She then worked at Bell Labs for two years before moving to Stanford University where she earned an M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and Ph.D. | Elizabeth Cohen (engineer) | 0.799931 |
80,116 | Beijerinck made two major contributions to microbiology: the discovery of viruses and the development of enrichment culture techniques. While his work on the tobacco mosaic virus established the basic principles of virology, it was his development of enrichment culturing that had the most immediate impact on microbiolo... | Soil microbes | 0.79993 |
80,117 | Senator Robert Byrd, Democrat from West Virginia, joined critics of reform mathematics on the floor of the senate by dubbing Addison-Wesley Secondary Math: An Integrated Approach: Focus on Algebra the "Texas rainforest algebra book". It had received an "F" grade on a report card produced by Mathematically Correct, a ba... | Rainforest algebra | 0.79993 |
80,118 | The formal foundation of TDDFT is the Runge–Gross (RG) theorem (1984) – the time-dependent analogue of the Hohenberg–Kohn (HK) theorem (1964). The RG theorem shows that, for a given initial wavefunction, there is a unique mapping between the time-dependent external potential of a system and its time-dependent density. ... | Time-dependent density functional theory | 0.79993 |
80,119 | The Alexander–Hirschowitz theorem shows that a specific collection of k double points in the P^r will impose independent types of conditions on homogenous polynomials and the hypersurface of d with many known lists of exceptions. In which case, the classic polynomial interpolation that is located in several variables c... | Alexander–Hirschowitz theorem | 0.79993 |
80,120 | Examples of distributed systems and applications of distributed computing include the following: telecommunication networks: telephone networks and cellular networks, computer networks such as the Internet, wireless sensor networks, routing algorithms; network applications: World Wide Web and peer-to-peer networks, mas... | Distributed information processing | 0.79993 |
80,121 | In 1954, he was awarded the Bôcher Memorial Prize of the American Mathematical Society and in 1971 the Chauvenet Prize (after winning in 1970 the Lester R. Ford Award) of the Mathematical Association of America for his paper A Motivated Account of an Elementary Proof of the Prime Number Theorem. In 1974 he published a ... | Norman Levinson | 0.799929 |
80,122 | Atala served as the director of the Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Cellular Therapeutics at Boston Children's Hospital. His work there involved growing human tissues and organs to replace those damaged by disease or defect. This work became important due to shortages in the organ-donor program.Atala continued hi... | Anthony Atala | 0.799928 |
80,123 | 2015: Federico Rodriguez Hertz for his work on geometric and measure rigidity and on stable ergodicity of partially hyperbolic systems. 2017: Lewis Bowen for creation of entropy theory for a broad class of non-amenable groups and solution of the long-standing isomorphism problem for Bernoulli actions of such groups. 20... | Michael Brin Prize in Dynamical Systems | 0.799928 |
80,124 | An Introduction to Chromatic Polynomials. Journal of Combinatorial Theory 4 (1968) 52 - 71. Every One A Winner; or How to avoid isomorphism search when cataloguing combinatorial configurations. Annals of Discrete Mathematics 2, North-Holland Publishing Company (1978) 107-120. | Ronald C. Read | 0.799928 |
80,125 | A Bertrand curve is a regular curve in R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3}} with the additional property that there is a second curve in R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3}} such that the principal normal vectors to these two curves are identical at each corresponding point. In other words, if γ1(t) and γ2(t) are two c... | Unit speed parametrization | 0.799928 |
80,126 | In mathematics, Hall's marriage theorem, proved by Philip Hall (1935), is a theorem with two equivalent formulations. In each case, the theorem gives a necessary and sufficient condition for an object to exist: The combinatorial formulation answers whether a finite collection of sets has a transversal—that is, whether ... | Hall's marriage theorem | 0.799928 |
80,127 | In 1841 Chebyshev was awarded the silver medal for his work "calculation of the roots of equations" which he had finished in 1838. In this, Chebyshev derived an approximating algorithm for the solution of algebraic equations of nth degree based on Newton's method. In the same year, he finished his studies as "most outs... | Pafnuty Chebyshev | 0.799927 |
80,128 | Complex analytic geometry the application of complex numbers to plane geometry. Complex differential geometry a branch of differential geometry that studies complex manifolds. Complex dynamics the study of dynamical systems defined by iterated functions on complex number spaces. | Glossary of areas of mathematics | 0.799927 |
80,129 | After his dissertation, he started teaching quantum mechanics at the University of Paris. From 1964-67, he was an associate professor at the university and from 1967-1973 he was a full professor. His lecture notes were the basis of the popular textbook, Mécanique quantique, which he wrote with two of his colleagues. He... | Claude Cohen-Tannoudji | 0.799927 |
80,130 | The College of Chemical Sciences is an institute in Sri Lanka. It was established 25 January 2001 during the Diamond Jubilee celebration of the Institute of Chemistry Ceylon. As per by law 15 of the Institute of Chemistry Ceylon, the College of Chemical Sciences was established to conduct all the educational and traini... | College of Chemical Sciences | 0.799927 |
80,131 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 47 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside h... | Glycoside hydrolase family 47 | 0.799927 |
80,132 | In a rare departure from Democritus's physics, Epicurus posited the idea of atomic "swerve" (παρέγκλισις parénklisis; Latin: clinamen), one of his best-known original ideas. According to this idea, atoms, as they are travelling through space, may deviate slightly from the course they would ordinarily be expected to fol... | Epicurean trilemma | 0.799926 |
80,133 | In algebraic geometry, a hyperelliptic curve is an algebraic curve of genus g > 1, given by an equation of the form where f(x) is a polynomial of degree n = 2g + 1 > 4 or n = 2g + 2 > 4 with n distinct roots, and h(x) is a polynomial of degree < g + 2 (if the characteristic of the ground field is not 2, one can take h(... | Hyperelliptic curve | 0.799926 |
80,134 | Geller called the last chapter, relating biology to sociology, a "step from scientific study to speculation". In her view, the most controversial and disturbing thing was the call for scientist and humanists to "temporarily" remove ethics "from the hands of the philosophers and biologize" it. | Sociobiology: The New Synthesis | 0.799926 |
80,135 | 363), the Śulba Sūtras contain "the earliest extant verbal expression of the Pythagorean Theorem in the world, although it had already been known to the Old Babylonians." The diagonal rope (akṣṇayā-rajju) of an oblong (rectangle) produces both which the flank (pārśvamāni) and the horizontal (tiryaṇmānī) produce separat... | History of geometry | 0.799926 |
80,136 | Neuro-fuzzy hybridization results in a hybrid intelligent system that combines the human-like reasoning style of fuzzy systems with the learning and connectionist structure of neural networks. Neuro-fuzzy hybridization is widely termed as fuzzy neural network (FNN) or neuro-fuzzy system (NFS) in the literature. Neuro-f... | Neuro-fuzzy | 0.799926 |
80,137 | Invasion genetics, due to its focus on the biology of introduced species, is useful for identifying potential invasive species and developing practices for managing biological invasions. It is distinguished from the broader study of invasive species because it is less directly concerned with the impacts of biological i... | Invasion genetics | 0.799926 |
80,138 | (compare: Recapitulation theory) Function (adaptation): how does the behaviour impact on the animal's chances of survival and reproduction? Evolution (phylogeny): how does the behaviour compare with similar behaviour in related species, and how might it have arisen through the process of phylogeny? Why did structural a... | Nikolaas Tinbergen | 0.799925 |
80,139 | Merck molecular force field (MMFF) is a family of chemistry force fields developed by Merck Research Laboratories. They are based on the MM3 force field. MMFF is not optimized for one use, such as simulating proteins or small molecules, but tries to perform well for a wide range of organic chemistry calculations. | Merck Molecular Force Field | 0.799925 |
80,140 | The website's 18,000-word review of Apple's first iPad described everything from the product's packaging to the specific type of integrated circuits it uses.Ars Technica is written in a less-formal tone than that found in a traditional journal. Many of the website's regular writers have postgraduate degrees, and many w... | Ars Technica | 0.799925 |
80,141 | Nuclear Physics B. 748 (3): 335–379. arXiv:math/0603485. | Robert Penner | 0.799925 |
80,142 | A Euclidean space is an affine space equipped with a metric. Affine spaces have many other uses in mathematics. In particular, as they are defined over any field, they allow doing geometry in other contexts. As soon as non-linear questions are considered, it is generally useful to consider affine spaces over the comple... | Euclidean spaces | 0.799924 |
80,143 | Although the principles of quantum mechanics apply to any particles, usually the term "quantum reflection" means reflection of atoms from a surface of condensed matter (liquid or solid). The full potential experienced by the incident atom does become repulsive at a very small distance from the surface (of order of size... | Quantum reflection | 0.799924 |
80,144 | A plasmid preparation is a method of DNA extraction and purification for plasmid DNA, it is an important step in many molecular biology experiments and is essential for the successful use of plasmids in research and biotechnology. Many methods have been developed to purify plasmid DNA from bacteria. During the purifica... | Plasmid preparation | 0.799924 |
80,145 | In computer science, combinatory logic is used as a simplified model of computation, used in computability theory and proof theory. Despite its simplicity, combinatory logic captures many essential features of computation. Combinatory logic can be viewed as a variant of the lambda calculus, in which lambda expressions ... | S combinator | 0.799924 |
80,146 | Conservation of momentum is a mathematical consequence of the homogeneity (shift symmetry) of space (position in space is the canonical conjugate quantity to momentum). That is, conservation of momentum is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not depend on position; this is a special case of Noether's ... | Momentum vector | 0.799923 |
80,147 | She collects data through conversations, direct data inputs such as books or articles, and through internet sources. Maria Bot was built by an international high-tech company for Barry to help improve education quality and eliminate education poverty. Maria Bot is designed to create new ways for students to engage and ... | Android (robot) | 0.799923 |
80,148 | Selected Reprints. American Association of Physics Teachers, College Park 1988, ISBN 978-0-917853-29-6 (19) With Gerald Holton: Introduction to Concepts and Theories in the Physical Sciences. 3rd edition, Princeton University Press 1985, ISBN 978-0-201-02971-0 (20) The History of Modern Science. | Stephen G. Brush | 0.799923 |
80,149 | The differential equations of stellar structure, such as the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium, are integrated numerically. The differential equations are approximated by difference equations. The star is imagined to be made up of spherically symmetric shells and the numerical integration carried out in finite steps ... | Standard Solar Model | 0.799923 |
80,150 | (For X and Y path-connected, the first condition is automatic, and it suffices to state the second condition for a single point x in X.) The Whitehead theorem states that a weak homotopy equivalence from one CW complex to another is a homotopy equivalence. (That is, the map f: X → Y has a homotopy inverse g: Y → X, whi... | Whitehead theorem | 0.799923 |
80,151 | Formal methods in security, privacy and governance including: Formal specification, formal design, validation, verification, testing Security: Enterprise data security; Access control models and methods Legal conformance, privacyNormative systems: Formal methods in telecom software engineering: Process algebras, LOTOS ... | Luigi Logrippo | 0.799922 |
80,152 | Risk factors associated with TIA are categorized as modifiable or non-modifiable. Non-modifiable risk factors include age greater than 55, sex, family history, genetics, and race/ethnicity. Modifiable risk factors include cigarette smoking, hypertension (elevated blood pressure), diabetes, hyperlipidemia, level of caro... | Transient ischemic attack | 0.799922 |
80,153 | BIOTESC is part of the Space Biology Group, founded in 1977 at the ETH Zurich. In January 2013, the group moved to Lucerne University. They relocated from Zurich to Hergiswil, where they moved into their own building. In 2018 they relocated in another place but stayed in the same city. | BIOTESC | 0.799922 |
80,154 | Complex metal hydrides are salts wherein the anions contain hydrides. In the older chemical literature as well as contemporary materials science textbooks, a "metal hydride" is assumed to be nonmolecular, i.e. three-dimensional lattices of atomic ions. In such systems, hydrides are often interstitial and nonstoichiomet... | Complex metal hydride | 0.799922 |
80,155 | The model provides a way to think about the changing responsibilities of humans and machines as more data and better algorithms become better than humans with decisions. Dhar also uses the framework to frame policy issues around the risks of AI-based social media platforms and issues of privacy and ethical uses and gov... | Vasant Dhar | 0.799922 |
80,156 | Cybernetics as the theory of control mechanisms in technology and nature is founded on the concepts of information and feedback, but as part of a general theory of systems.... he model is of wide application but should not be identified with 'systems theory' in general ... warning is necessary against its incautious e... | System theory | 0.799922 |
80,157 | DNV is organised into six business areas: DNV — Maritime: Classification, verification, risk-management, training and technical advisory to the maritime industry on safety, enhanced performance, fuel efficiency, etc. As a classification society, DNV sets standards for ships and offshore structures, known as Class Rules... | DNV | 0.799921 |
80,158 | The position, C {\displaystyle C} , of the camera expressed in world coordinates is C = − R − 1 T = − R T T {\displaystyle C=-R^{-1}T=-R^{T}T} (since R {\displaystyle R} is a rotation matrix). Camera calibration is often used as an early stage in computer vision. | Geometric camera calibration | 0.799921 |
80,159 | This topology will be metrizable if and only if G {\displaystyle \mathbb {G} } is countable, and, in any case, the base of this topology consists of a collection of open/closed sets (called cylinders), defined as follows: given a finite set of indices D ⊂ G {\displaystyle D\subset \mathbb {G} } , and for each i ∈ D {\d... | Sofic subshift | 0.799921 |
80,160 | They were not the first to develop them, but did make advancements on the wheel and the chariot. They made use of pivot-able axles on their wagons, allowing easy turning. They were also one of the first armies to use the move-able siege tower and battering ram.The application of mechanical engineering can be seen in th... | History of mechanical engineering | 0.799921 |
80,161 | While at SPA, Lilly also further developed his interest in philosophy. He studied the works of many of the great philosophers, finding himself especially attracted to the subjective idealism of Irish theologian and philosopher George Berkeley. Despite his father's wish that he go to an eastern Ivy League university to ... | John C. Lilly | 0.799921 |
80,162 | As Ian Poiner, outgoing chair of the Census has said, "The Census changed our views on how things could be done. We shared our problems and we shared our solutions." In their 2011 review of the Census commissioned by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, David Penman and co-authors wrote: " A fragmented research community: M... | Census of Marine Life | 0.799921 |
80,163 | Given a finite field F, there is, up to isomorphism, only one field Fk with = k {\displaystyle =k\,} ,for k = 1, 2, ... . Given a set of polynomial equations — or an algebraic variety V — defined over F, we can count the number N k {\displaystyle N_{k}\,} of solutions in Fk and create the generating function G ( t ) =... | Riemann hypothesis for curves over finite fields | 0.799921 |
80,164 | This was one of the first ab initio computational methods developed that utilized VBT. Using Coulson-Fischer type basis orbitals, this method uses singly-occupied, instead of doubly-occupied orbitals, as the basis set. This allows from the distance between paired electrons to increase during variational optimization, l... | Modern valence bond | 0.79992 |
80,165 | Even photons with far higher energy, gamma rays of the kind produced in radioactive decay, have photon energy that is almost always between 105 eV and 107 eV – still two orders of magnitude lower than the mass–energy of a single proton. Radioactive decay gamma rays are considered as part of nuclear physics, rather than... | Macroscopic scale | 0.79992 |
80,166 | Different lectures on aspects of particle physics were given on behalf of the Royal Institution on about 10 occasions at Futuroscope in Poitiers, France, to more than 3,800 UK sixth formers who were there on study-visits. In January 2001, Kalmus gave the named "Cockcroft and Walton Lectures" in India, as part of an exc... | Peter Kalmus (physicist) | 0.79992 |
80,167 | In chemistry and thermodynamics, the enthalpy of neutralization (ΔHn) is the change in enthalpy that occurs when one equivalent of an acid and a base undergo a neutralization reaction to form water and a salt. It is a special case of the enthalpy of reaction. It is defined as the energy released with the formation of 1... | Enthalpy of neutralization | 0.799919 |
80,168 | B n ( 1 − x ) = ( − 1 ) n B n ( x ) , n ≥ 0 , {\displaystyle B_{n}(1-x)=(-1)^{n}B_{n}(x),\quad n\geq 0,} E n ( 1 − x ) = ( − 1 ) n E n ( x ) {\displaystyle E_{n}(1-x)=(-1)^{n}E_{n}(x)} ( − 1 ) n B n ( − x ) = B n ( x ) + n x n − 1 {\displaystyle (-1)^{n}B_{n}(-x)=B_{n}(x)+nx^{n-1}} ( − 1 ) n E n ( − x ) = − E n ( x ) +... | Euler polynomials | 0.799919 |
80,169 | The participating research groups were located at universities and non-university research institutes (Fraunhofer, Helmholtz, Leibniz and Max Planck institutes). Using a BMBF initial financing, 22 new professorships in the area of Computational Neuroscience were established at German universities within the framework o... | Bernstein Network | 0.799919 |
80,170 | A feedforward neural network (FNN) is one of the two broad types of artificial neural network, characterized by direction of the flow of information between its layers. Its flow is uni-directional, meaning that the information in the model flows in only one direction—forward—from the input nodes, through the hidden nod... | Feedforward neural networks | 0.799919 |
80,171 | The analytic element method (AEM) is a numerical method used for the solution of partial differential equations. It was initially developed by O.D.L. Strack at the University of Minnesota. It is similar in nature to the boundary element method (BEM), as it does not rely upon the discretization of volumes or areas in th... | Analytic Element Method | 0.799918 |
80,172 | The PAEC sat its own uranium enrichment program to develop an advanced version for uranium fuel. The PAEC had worked on the most challenging method of isotope separation molecular laser isotopes, gaseous and thermal diffusion. All of these methods were developed and supervised under Shaukat Hameed Khan of the Laser Phy... | Project-706 | 0.799917 |
80,173 | Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is a form of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy that uses a laser as the light source. Photoemission spectroscopy is a powerful and sensitive experimental technique to study surface physics. It is based on the photoelectric effect originally observed by Heinr... | Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy | 0.799917 |
80,174 | Transport engineering, a sub-discipline of civil engineering, must take into account trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and route assignment, while the operative level is handled through traffic engineering. Because of the negative impacts incurred, transport often becomes the subject of controversy relat... | Transport policy | 0.799916 |
80,175 | in biochemistry (biological chemistry) at the University of Michigan Health System with William E.M. Lands. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the National Institutes of Health, where he worked with Elizabeth F. Neufeld on lysosome biogenesis and lysosomal storage diseases. His laboratory research at UCLA centers on a nov... | Leonard H. Rome | 0.799916 |
80,176 | Dependable design against fatigue-failure requires thorough education and supervised experience in structural engineering, mechanical engineering, or materials science. There are at least five principal approaches to life assurance for mechanical parts that display increasing degrees of sophistication: Design to keep s... | High-cycle fatigue | 0.799916 |
80,177 | Biolinguistics can be defined as the study of biology and the evolution of language. It is highly interdisciplinary as it is related to various fields such as biology, linguistics, psychology, anthropology, mathematics, and neurolinguistics to explain the formation of language. It is important as it seeks to yield a fr... | Biolinguistics | 0.799916 |
80,178 | (1950) degrees from Harvard University under Julian Schwinger. In 1955, he became associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania, achieving full professorship in 1958 and retiring in 1994. Klein studied models of collective behavior in finite many-body systems, especially in nuclear physics, for example in Boson... | Abraham Klein (physicist) | 0.799916 |
80,179 | Henkin, L. (1949). The completeness of the first-order functional calculus. The Journal of Symbolic Logic, 14(3), 159-166. | Leon Henkin | 0.799915 |
80,180 | The citation specifically recognized him and his co-awardees for "their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone. "Following this in 1985, after Joseph Farman discovered a hole in the ozone layer in Antarctica, Mario Molina led a research team to further investigat... | Mario Molina | 0.799915 |
80,181 | While there he also carried out research which he used for his master's thesis. Once Lashley completed his master's degree, he studied at Johns Hopkins University, where he received his PhD in genetics in June 1911. He became a professor at University of Minnesota, University of Chicago, and Harvard University. | Karl Lashley | 0.799914 |
80,182 | The mechanism for transmission of trauma may be via epigenetic modifications introduced by stress, passed down via environmental or cultural conditions. This is a novel area of research and given the complexity of issues surrounding trauma and the human experience, the relative contributions of epigenetics, cultural, a... | Transgenerational trauma | 0.799914 |
80,183 | The Moore Center for Theoretical Cosmology and Physics (CTCP) is a think tank for research into the nature of the universe on cosmological and nanoscales. Their research involves studies "from the beginning of time to the ongoing dynamics of dark matter, galaxies, and stars." Marc Kamionkowski was one of the founding D... | Moore Center for Theoretical Cosmology and Physics | 0.799914 |
80,184 | Möbius and Jordan seem to be the first to realize that the main problem about the topology of (compact) surfaces is to find invariants (preferably numerical) to decide the equivalence of surfaces, that is, to decide whether two surfaces are homeomorphic or not. "The subject is clearly defined by Felix Klein in his "Erl... | Topological spaces | 0.799914 |
80,185 | Note that the optimal speed is a function of the amount of potholes. Taking the first order condition, we know that at the optimum, U s ( s ∗ ( p ) , p ) = 0 {\displaystyle U_{s}(s^{\ast }(p),p)=0} . Differentiating the first order condition, with respect to p and using the implicit function theorem, we find that U s s... | Topkis's Theorem | 0.799914 |
80,186 | Intelligent control Self-management (computer science) – Autonomic Computing – Autonomic Networking – | Outline of artificial intelligence | 0.799914 |
80,187 | A geometric spanner or a t-spanner graph or a t-spanner was initially introduced as a weighted graph over a set of points as its vertices for which there is a t-path between any pair of vertices for a fixed parameter t. A t-path is defined as a path through the graph with weight at most t times the spatial distance bet... | Geometric spanner | 0.799913 |
80,188 | Leucosis alone caused 40% of mortality in egg-producing breeds. Herbert Williams-Smith FRS was head of microbiology until May 1984. In 1969 a report on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) recommended a restriction of tetracycline, due to antibiotic resistance, which had been investigated by Herbert Williams-Smith in the... | Houghton Poultry Research Station | 0.799913 |
80,189 | The first summer school which started as Gaussian Process Summer School was held at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda from 6th to 9 August 2013. The First Data Science Summer School and Workshop was held at Dedan Kimathi University of Technology in Nyeri, Kenya from 15th to 19 June 2015. The Second Data Science Su... | Data Science Africa | 0.799913 |
80,190 | School of Civil and Resources Engineering School of Energy and Environment School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School of Materials Science and Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering School of Automation and Electrical Engineering School of Computer and Communication Engineering Dongling School of E... | University of Science and Technology Beijing | 0.799913 |
80,191 | Two types of information are provided by passive samplers: the concentrations of contaminant inside the sampler and a predicted concentration of the contaminant in the water surrounding the sampler. The concentration of chemical inside the sampler is determined from SPMD dialysis, and the water concentration from a set... | Semipermeable membrane devices | 0.799913 |
80,192 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 66 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside h... | Glycoside hydrolase family 66 | 0.799913 |
80,193 | Since the only finite-dimensional division algebra over an algebraically closed field is the field itself, the Wedderburn–Artin theorem has strong consequences in this case. Let R be a semisimple ring that is a finite-dimensional algebra over an algebraically closed field k {\displaystyle k} . Then R is a finite produc... | Semisimple Artinian | 0.799912 |
80,194 | Measurement of human variation can fall under the purview of several scholarly disciplines, many of which lie at the intersection of biology and statistics. The methods of biostatistics, the application of statistical methods to the analysis of biological data, and bioinformatics, the application of information technol... | Human variability | 0.799912 |
80,195 | Robert Otto Pohl (born December 17, 1929, in Göttingen) is a German-American physicist, specializing in condensed matter physics topics such as solid state physics, thermal conductivity, and thin films, who is the Goldwin Smith Emeritus Professor of Physics at Cornell University where he has been on the faculty since t... | Robert Otto Pohl | 0.799912 |
80,196 | For hypervalent compounds in which the ligands are more electronegative than the central, hypervalent atom, resonance structures can be drawn with no more than four covalent electron pair bonds and completed with ionic bonds to obey the octet rule. For example, in phosphorus pentafluoride (PF5), 5 resonance structures ... | Hypervalent molecule | 0.799912 |
80,197 | Little further research in machine translation was conducted in America (though some research continued elsewhere, such as Japan and Europe) until the late 1980s when the first statistical machine translation systems were developed. 1960s: Some notably successful natural language processing systems developed in the 196... | Natural language recognition | 0.799912 |
80,198 | Depending on the geometry of the test article this could produce magnitude variations on surfaces due to phasing differences between the plane waves. In the case of large surface area, low mass density test articles the phasing difference may excite primary structure modes in a different way than more conventional reve... | Direct-field acoustic testing | 0.799912 |
80,199 | In this section we assume that there is no relative motion between the droplet and the gas, R e d = 0 {\displaystyle Re_{d}=0} , and that the temperature inside the droplet is uniform (models that account for the non-uniformity of the droplet temperature are presented in the next section). The time evolution of the dro... | Droplet vaporization | 0.799912 |
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