id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
80,000 | In computer programming, genetic representation is a way of presenting solutions/individuals in evolutionary computation methods. The term encompasses both the concrete data structures and data types used to realize the genetic material of the candidate solutions in the form of a genome, and the relationships between s... | Genetic representation | 0.799954 |
80,001 | In geometry, a disdyakis triacontahedron, hexakis icosahedron, decakis dodecahedron or kisrhombic triacontahedron is a Catalan solid with 120 faces and the dual to the Archimedean truncated icosidodecahedron. As such it is face-uniform but with irregular face polygons. It slightly resembles an inflated rhombic triacont... | Disdyakis triacontahedron | 0.799954 |
80,002 | In the early days of object-oriented technology before the mid-1990s, there were many different competing methodologies for software development and object-oriented modeling, often tied to specific Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tool vendors. No standard notations, consistent terms and process guides were t... | Object-oriented analysis and design | 0.799953 |
80,003 | Hash Code was a global team programming competition organized by Google. The participants work in teams of 2-4 people solving a programming challenge inspired by software engineering at Google. The first edition was a local event at the Google office in Paris with 200 participants in attendance. | Hash Code (programming competition) | 0.799953 |
80,004 | A diamine is an amine with exactly two amino groups. Diamines are used as monomers to prepare polyamides, polyimides, and polyureas. The term diamine refers mostly to primary diamines, as those are the most reactive.In terms of quantities produced, 1,6-diaminohexane (a precursor to Nylon 6-6) is most important, followe... | Diamine | 0.799953 |
80,005 | More generally, the following are equivalentThe spectrum of a commutative ring R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } is connected Every finitely generated projective module over R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } has constant rank. R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } has no idempotent ≠ 0 , 1 {\displaystyle \neq 0,1} (i.e., R {\displa... | Main theorem of connectedness | 0.799953 |
80,006 | Abdus Salam Centre for Physics (Department of Physics), Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Abdus Salam National Centre for Mathematics (ASNCM), Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan. Abdus Salam Chair in Physics (ASCP), Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan. Abdus Salam International Centr... | Abdus Salam | 0.799953 |
80,007 | The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory at Princeton, New Jersey, which studied the dynamics and physics of geophysical fluid systems and the development of a theoretical basis for the behavior and properties of the atmosphere and the oceans through mathematical modeling and computer simulation,. The National Hurrica... | Environmental Science Services Administration | 0.799953 |
80,008 | A dynamic shear rheometer, commonly known as DSR is used for research and development as well as for quality control in the manufacturing of a wide range of materials. Dynamic shear rheometers have been used since 1993 when Superpave was used for characterising and understanding high temperature rheological properties ... | Rheometer | 0.799953 |
80,009 | In certain well-behaved cases (e.g. the geodesic flow for the canonical connection on a Lie group), this condition is satisfied. The final and most difficult step is to solve equation (H3), called the closure conditions since (H3) is the condition that the differential 1-form gi is a closed form for each i. The reason ... | Helmholtz condition | 0.799953 |
80,010 | In mathematics, in particular in topology, the de Groot dual (after Johannes de Groot) of a topology τ on a set X is the topology τ* whose closed sets are generated by compact saturated subsets of (X, τ). | De Groot dual | 0.799953 |
80,011 | DNA quaternary structure is used to refer to the binding of DNA to histones to form nucleosomes, and then their organisation into higher-order chromatin fibres. The quaternary structure of DNA strongly affects how accessible the DNA sequence is to the transcription machinery for expression of genes. DNA quaternary stru... | Nucleic acid quaternary structure | 0.799952 |
80,012 | His research areas are: Analytical mechanics: stability theory, delay systems, nonlinear vibrations Differential equations: bifurcation theory, delay differential equations, chaos Applications in mechanical engineering: nonlinear dynamics of wheels, vibration and stability issues of robots, force control, stabilization... | Gábor Stépán | 0.799952 |
80,013 | A sparse regular grid sample pattern is a subset of samples that are chosen from the regular grid sample pattern. As with the regular grid, attribute evaluation is simplified due to regular spacing. The method is less computationally expensive due to having a fewer samples. Edge optimization is good for screen aligned ... | Multisample anti-aliasing | 0.799951 |
80,014 | Her thesis, "Probing the early universe and Dark Energy with multi-epoch cosmological data", used the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Her doctoral advisor was Jo Dunkley. During her time at Oxford, she appeared on Chris Lintott's Pub Astronomy podcast and 365 Days of Astronomy. | Renée Hložek | 0.799951 |
80,015 | In 2020, Buffalo Automation redeveloped its thermal imaging software to enable rapid skin temperature scanning of multiple people in a crowd for the purpose of detecting fever. This adaptation was initiated in response to a health care and public health sector unmet need created by the COVID-19 pandemic. Named Bifrost,... | Buffalo Automation | 0.799951 |
80,016 | ENSA training lasts 5 years. After two years of preparatory integrated education these schools offer many courses in the engineering cycle ENSA TangerTelecommunication and Networks engineering Computer science engineering Electronic and Automatic Systems Industrial engineering and Logistics Energy and Environmental eng... | Écoles nationales des sciences appliquées | 0.799951 |
80,017 | Artemether was more promising for clinical drug than its parent molecule artemisinin. In 1981, the National Steering Committee for Development of Qinghaosu (artemisinin) and its Derivatives authorised Zhou Yiqing, who was working at the Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology of the Chinese Academy of Military Medic... | Project 523 | 0.79995 |
80,018 | Eventually, analytical considerations compelled the incorporation of continuous variables into the theory. This culminated in modern probability theory, on foundations laid by Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov. Kolmogorov combined the notion of sample space, introduced by Richard von Mises, and measure theory and presented... | Theory of probabilities | 0.79995 |
80,019 | Šmihula identified six long-waves within modern society and the capitalist economy, each of which was initiated by a specific technological revolution: Wave of the Financial-agricultural revolution (1600–1780) Wave of the Industrial revolution (1780–1880) Wave of the Technical revolution (1880–1940) Wave of the Scienti... | Long waves | 0.79995 |
80,020 | Department of Science and Technology (India) supports open access to scientific knowledge, originated from the public-funded research in India. In December 2014, the DST and the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India had jointly adopted their Open Access Policy. | Department of Science and Technology (India) | 0.79995 |
80,021 | In physics, a Dirac string is a one-dimensional curve in space, conceived of by the physicist Paul Dirac, stretching between two hypothetical Dirac monopoles with opposite magnetic charges, or from one magnetic monopole out to infinity. The gauge potential cannot be defined on the Dirac string, but it is defined everyw... | Dirac string | 0.79995 |
80,022 | The 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics, divided between three recipients over two disciplines, led to some omissions. Charles Kuen Kao's award for his work in fiber optics led to claims that Narinder Singh Kapany's previous work had been overlooked. Willard Boyle and George E. Smith's award for the development of the charge-c... | Nobel Prize controversies | 0.79995 |
80,023 | Two lines of evidence suggested to Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon that "symbol manipulation" was the essence of both human and machine intelligence: psychological experiments on human beings and the development of artificial intelligence programs. | Physical symbol systems hypothesis | 0.799949 |
80,024 | United Kingdom Chemistry & Aerosols (UKCA) is a sub-model of the UM that deals with trace gas and aerosol chemistry within the model. This includes calculating the concentrations of climatically relevant gases such as methane and ozone, as well as the composition and evolution of aerosols. As with most of the UM, the U... | Unified Model | 0.799949 |
80,025 | Jan B. Talbot is an American chemical engineer. She is a professor emerita at the Jacobs School of Engineering. She completed a bachelor and master of science in chemical engineering at Pennsylvania State University. From 1975 to 1981, Talbot was as a development engineer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. | Jan B. Talbot | 0.799948 |
80,026 | Partially negative atoms on the diene will bond to partially positive atoms on the dienophile, and vice versa. Predicting the regiochemistry of the reaction via orbital control requires one to calculate the relative orbital coefficients on each atom of the reactants. The HOMO of the dienophile reacts with the LUMO of t... | Inverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reaction | 0.799948 |
80,027 | Organic geochemistry is the study of organic molecules that appear in the fossil record in sedimentary rocks. Research in this field concerns molecular fossils that are often lipid biomarkers. Molecules like sterols and hopanoids, membrane lipids found in eukaryotes and bacteria, respectively, can be preserved in the r... | Geobiology | 0.799947 |
80,028 | Books have been published devoted exclusively to name reactions; the Merck Index, a chemical encyclopedia, also includes an appendix on name reactions. As organic chemistry developed during the 20th century, chemists started associating synthetically useful reactions with the names of the discoverers or developers; in ... | Organic name reaction | 0.799947 |
80,029 | If u 1 {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} _{1}} and u 2 {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} _{2}} are two left-singular vectors which both correspond to the singular value σ, then any normalized linear combination of the two vectors is also a left-singular vector corresponding to the singular value σ. The similar statement is true for ... | Singular Value Decomposition | 0.799947 |
80,030 | Craig Gentry, using lattice-based cryptography, described the first plausible construction for a fully homomorphic encryption scheme in 2009. Gentry's scheme supports both addition and multiplication operations on ciphertexts, from which it is possible to construct circuits for performing arbitrary computation. The con... | Homomorphic encryption | 0.799947 |
80,031 | Igor Kluvánek obtained his first degree in electrical engineering from the Slovak Polytechnic University, Bratislava, in 1953. His first appointment was in the Department of Mathematics of the same institution. At the same time he worked for his C.Sc. degree obtained from the Slovak Academy of Sciences. | Igor Kluvánek | 0.799947 |
80,032 | Describing this situation after many decades, Ambartsumian said, "If an astronomer publishes an article with a mathematical content in a physics journal, then the most likely thing that will happen to it is oblivion." Nonetheless, toward the end of the Second World War, this article, written by the 20-year-old Ambartsu... | Forward problem | 0.799946 |
80,033 | Many arcade games have short levels, simple and intuitive control schemes, and rapidly increasing difficulty. The classic formula for a successful arcade video game is "easy to learn, difficult to master" along with a "multiple life, progressively difficult level" paradigm. This is due to the environment of the arcade,... | Arcade system | 0.799946 |
80,034 | As a key component of the Galileo Teacher Training Program, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific engaged hundreds of educators in professional development related to telescopes and the Galileoscope. Project PLANET – Leveraging resources developed as a part of the My Sky Tonight project to explore their usefulness in... | Astronomical Society of the Pacific | 0.799946 |
80,035 | Although more than 99 percent of all species that ever lived on the planet are estimated to be extinct, it is likely that more than a billion species of life exist on Earth currently, with the highest estimates and projections reaching one trillion species.There is strong evidence from genetics that all organisms have ... | Living organism | 0.799946 |
80,036 | Beckner earned his Bachelor of Science in physics from the University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri in 1963, where he became a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. He later earned his Ph.D. in mathematics at Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey, where his doctoral adviser was Elias Stein. He also complete... | William Beckner (mathematician) | 0.799946 |
80,037 | Paraffin wax does not always provide a sufficiently hard matrix for cutting very thin sections (which are especially important for electron microscopy). Paraffin wax may also be too soft in relation to the tissue, the heat of the melted wax may alter the tissue in undesirable ways, or the dehydrating or clearing chemic... | Microscopic anatomy | 0.799946 |
80,038 | The building houses two large lecture halls used primarily for classes in the departments of Chemistry and Biology, and features a sundial on its south side. Southwest Hall (SWH) houses the College of Interdisciplinary Studies and its three schools as well as the Child Development Lab. | Tennessee Tech | 0.799945 |
80,039 | This is obtained by applying Bayes' theorem to the data set consisting of one observation of dissolving and one of not dissolving, using the above prior. The Haldane prior is an improper prior distribution (meaning that it has an infinite mass). | Prior probability | 0.799945 |
80,040 | Defining the cause of back pain and IVD injury due to spaceflight remains an open issue. Assumptions and presumptions considered include: the absence of axial loading and of forces due to atrophy of back muscles predispose crewmembers to IVD injury the risk of detrimental changes to back and to IVD structure and bioche... | Intervertebral disc damage and spaceflight | 0.799945 |
80,041 | In genetics, a subclade is a subgroup of a haplogroup. | Subclade | 0.799944 |
80,042 | Norton David Zinder (November 7, 1928 – February 3, 2012) was an American biologist famous for his discovery of genetic transduction. Zinder was born in New York City, received his A.B. from Columbia University in 1947, Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1952, and became a member of the National Academy ... | Norton Zinder | 0.799944 |
80,043 | CEA LIST, works towards advanced manufacturing by supporting industry to produce in a more effective and sustainable way and involves exploratory research in emerging technology for smart manufacturing such as, modelling and simulation, knowledge engineering, data processing, vision, information and communication syste... | CEA-LIST: Laboratory for Integration of Systems and Technology | 0.799944 |
80,044 | Knot (mathematics) Link (knot theory) Wild knots Examples of knots Unknot Trefoil knot Figure-eight knot (mathematics) Borromean rings Types of knots Torus knot Prime knot Alternating knot Hyperbolic link Knot invariants Crossing number Linking number Skein relation Knot polynomials Alexander polynomial Jones polynomia... | List of geometric topology topics | 0.799944 |
80,045 | Michael L. Gross (born 1940) is Professor of Chemistry, Medicine, and Immunology, at Washington University in St. Louis. He was formerly Professor of Chemistry at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln from 1968–1994. He is recognized for his contributions to the field of mass spectrometry and ion chemistry. He is credited... | Michael L. Gross (chemist) | 0.799944 |
80,046 | C – can refer to carbonaceous chondrite or to an iron meteorite designation (Roman numeral and letter). Carbonaceous chondrite CAI – an abbreviation of Calcium-aluminium-rich inclusion Calcium-aluminium-rich inclusion Chassignite Chondrite – stony meteorites unmodified by melting or differentiation of the parent body C... | Glossary of meteoritics | 0.799944 |
80,047 | In the early 19th century, Carl Friedrich Gauss observed that non-zero integer solutions to homogeneous polynomial equations with rational coefficients exist if non-zero rational solutions exist.In the 1850s, Leopold Kronecker formulated the Kronecker–Weber theorem, introduced the theory of divisors, and made numerous ... | Arithmetic Geometry | 0.799944 |
80,048 | The Navier–Stokes equations ( nav-YAY STOHKS) are partial differential equations which describe the motion of viscous fluid substances, named after French engineer and physicist Claude-Louis Navier and Irish physicist and mathematician George Gabriel Stokes. They were developed over several decades of progressively bui... | Convective acceleration | 0.799943 |
80,049 | In chemistry and biology, the dilution ratio and dilution factor are two related (but slightly different) expressions of the change in concentration of a liquid substance when mixing it with another liquid substance. They are often used for simple dilutions, one in which a unit volume of a liquid material of interest i... | Dilution ratio | 0.799942 |
80,050 | The points β {\displaystyle \beta } can be understood to form a space, and specifically, a manifold. Thus, it is reasonable to ask about the structure of this manifold; this is the task of information geometry. Multiple derivatives with regard to the Lagrange multipliers gives rise to a positive semi-definite covarianc... | Partition function (mathematics) | 0.799942 |
80,051 | It has since decreased somewhat to 2300 articles/year in the period 2015–2017. As to 15 March 2018 and according to Web of Science, the ten most cited articles published in the Journal of Chemical Physics are: A. D. Becke, Density Functional Thermochemistry. | The Journal of Chemical Physics | 0.799942 |
80,052 | His family was on their way back to the United States from his father's sabbatical year in Torino, Italy, working with Gleb Wataghin on the post-war recovery of the Italian nuclear physics program. As a high-school student in Urbana, IL, he wrote the core real-time multi-user CDC 1604 operating system used for the PLAT... | Andrew J. Hanson | 0.799942 |
80,053 | If one starts looking for these adjoint pairs of functors, they turn out to be very common in abstract algebra, and elsewhere as well. The example section below provides evidence of this; furthermore, universal constructions, which may be more familiar to some, give rise to numerous adjoint pairs of functors. In accord... | Adjunction (category theory) | 0.799942 |
80,054 | Chandrasekhar limit Eddington luminosity (also called the Eddington limit) Gravitational lens Outline of astronomy Stellar nucleosynthesis Timeline of stellar astronomy List of astronomers | Arthur Eddington | 0.799942 |
80,055 | Unidirectional water flow is the key factor in lotic systems influencing their ecology. Streamflow can be continuous or intermittent, though. Streamflow is the result of the summative inputs from groundwater, precipitation, and overland flow. Water flow can vary between systems, ranging from torrential rapids to slow b... | Lotic System Ecology | 0.799942 |
80,056 | Graham's doctoral dissertation was in number theory, on Egyptian fractions, as is the Erdős–Graham problem on whether, for every partition of the integers into finitely many classes, one of these classes has a finite subclass whose reciprocals sum to one. A proof was published by Ernie Croot in 2003. Another of Graham'... | Ronald Graham | 0.799942 |
80,057 | More generally, a superelliptic curve is a cyclic branched covering C → P 1 {\displaystyle C\to \mathbb {P} ^{1}} of the projective line of degree m ≥ 2 {\displaystyle m\geq 2} coprime to the characteristic of the field of definition. The degree m {\displaystyle m} of the covering map is also referred to as the degree ... | Superelliptic curve | 0.799941 |
80,058 | The experiments led to the interpretation of the new particles as being composed of simpler constituents, possessing a new property of matter. 1979 William ThurstonIn recognition of his achievements in introducing revolutionary new geometrical methods in the theory of foliations, function theory and topology. 1978 Rich... | Alan T. Waterman Award | 0.799941 |
80,059 | And kinematic synthesis is the collection of techniques for designing those elements of these machines that achieve required output forces and movement for a given input. Applications of kinematic synthesis include determining: the topology and dimensions of a linkage system to achieve a specified task; the size and sh... | Kinematic synthesis | 0.799941 |
80,060 | AgSCN is monoclinic with 8 molecules per unit cell. Each SCN− group has an almost linear molecular geometry, with bond angle 179.6(5)°. Weak Ag—Ag interactions of length 0.3249(2) nm to 0.3338(2) nm are present in the structure. | Silver thiocyanate | 0.799941 |
80,061 | In geometry, the Nagel point (named for Christian Heinrich von Nagel) is a triangle center, one of the points associated with a given triangle whose definition does not depend on the placement or scale of the triangle. It is the point of concurrency of all three of the triangle's splitters. | Nagel point | 0.799941 |
80,062 | A homeokinetic approach to complex systems has been applied to understanding life, ecological psychology, mind, anthropology, geology, law, motor control, bioenergetics, healing modalities, and political science. It has also been applied to social physics where a homeokinetics analysis shows that one must account for f... | Homeokinetics | 0.79994 |
80,063 | ADO could be employed to reduce travel time between internal areas of a building through the optimisation of its floor plan layout. Ideal circulation paths within a building might also be attained through the considered placement of stairwells, elevators, and escalators in relation to frequently used amenities. This ty... | Architectural design optimization | 0.79994 |
80,064 | For simple rational numbers, the closed form expression is often in terms of less complicated special functions. Several closed form expressions having rather simple expressions in terms of special functions are available. In the table below, PDFs expressible by elementary functions are indicated by an E and those that... | Stable distributions | 0.79994 |
80,065 | Howard Alan Masur is an American mathematician who works on topology, geometry, and combinatorial group theory. | Howard Masur | 0.79994 |
80,066 | Jennifer Tour Chayes is dean of the college of computing, data science, and society at the University of California, Berkeley. Before joining Berkeley, she was a technical fellow and managing director of Microsoft Research New England in Cambridge, Massachusetts, which she founded in 2008, and Microsoft Research New Yo... | Jennifer Tour Chayes | 0.79994 |
80,067 | In contrast, most antibodies and antibody fragments depend on disulfide bonds formation and they must be produced under an oxidizing environment. The monobody technology has been adopted in the biotechnology industry, most notably by Adnexus, a biotechnology company which has been part of Bristol-Myers Squibb since 200... | Monobody | 0.799939 |
80,068 | For an algebraically closed field k, a matrix g in GL(n,k) is called semisimple if it is diagonalizable, and unipotent if the matrix g − 1 is nilpotent. Equivalently, g is unipotent if all eigenvalues of g are equal to 1. The Jordan canonical form for matrices implies that every element g of GL(n,k) can be written uniq... | Affine algebraic group | 0.799939 |
80,069 | The set of class functions of a group G with values in a field K form a K-vector space. If G is finite and the characteristic of the field does not divide the order of G, then there is an inner product defined on this space defined by ⟨ ϕ , ψ ⟩ = 1 | G | ∑ g ∈ G ϕ ( g ) ψ ( g ) ¯ {\displaystyle \langle \phi ,\psi \rang... | Class function | 0.799939 |
80,070 | In semiconductor physics, an acceptor is a dopant atom that when substituted into a semiconductor lattice forms a p-type region. When silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, is doped with elements from group III of the periodic table, such as boron (B) and aluminium (Al), both having three valence electrons, a p-t... | Acceptor (semiconductors) | 0.799939 |
80,071 | The Graviton3 CPU has 64 Neoverse-V1 cores, with ARMv8.4-A ISA including 4x128 bit Neon, LSE, 2×256 bit SVE, rng, bf16, int8, crypto. Organized in a single NUMA domain, all vCPUs are physical cores running at 2.6 GHz.EC2 products that include Graviton3: C7g, C7gn, HPC7g. Graviton3 provides up to 25% better compute perf... | AWS Graviton | 0.799939 |
80,072 | When the physics of nuclear fusion was first put on a firm footing during the early 1950s, a string of proposed devices to harness that energy was quickly created. These all aimed to solve the problem of containing a plasma fuel that was heated to at least 50 million Kelvin, which would melt any substance. The trick us... | Princeton Large Torus | 0.799939 |
80,073 | Acne appears to be highly heritable; genetics explain 81% of the variation in the population. Studies performed in affected twins and first-degree relatives further demonstrate the strongly inherited nature of acne. Acne susceptibility is likely due to the influence of multiple genes, as the disease does not follow a c... | Non-inflammatory acne | 0.799939 |
80,074 | The Riemann–Roch theorem is a more precise statement along these lines. On the other hand, the precise dimension of H0(X, O(D)) for divisors D of low degree is subtle, and not completely determined by the degree of D. The distinctive features of a compact Riemann surface are reflected in these dimensions. One key divis... | Divisor class group | 0.799938 |
80,075 | In February 2012, a team of scientists from the Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences announced they had successfully regenerated specimens from fruit that had been frozen for 31,800 (±300) years according to their radiocarbon dating. The accomplishment surpasses the previous record for the ol... | Silene stenophylla | 0.799938 |
80,076 | The Reichstein process in chemistry is a combined chemical and microbial method for the production of ascorbic acid from D-glucose that takes place in several steps. This process was devised by Nobel Prize winner Tadeusz Reichstein and his colleagues in 1933 while working in the laboratory of the ETH in Zürich. | Reichstein process | 0.799938 |
80,077 | Because fisheries take place in a diverse set of aquatic environments (i.e., high seas, coastal areas, large and small rivers, and lakes of all sizes), research requires different sampling equipment, tools, and techniques. For example, studying trout populations inhabiting mountain lakes requires a very different set o... | Fisheries science | 0.799938 |
80,078 | In 1913, however, Bohr justified his rule by appealing to the correspondence principle, without providing any sort of wave interpretation. In 1913, the wave behavior of matter particles such as the electron was not suspected. In 1925, a new kind of mechanics was proposed, quantum mechanics, in which Bohr's model of ele... | Bohr Atomic Model | 0.799938 |
80,079 | Intuitively, two elements in the disjoint union are equivalent if and only if they "eventually become equal" in the direct system. An equivalent formulation that highlights the duality to the inverse limit is that an element is equivalent to all its images under the maps of the direct system, i.e. x j ∼ f i j ( x i ) {... | Direct system (mathematics) | 0.799936 |
80,080 | Z88Aurora is freeware, however the source code is not publicly available.Since 2014 two Android Apps are also available: Z88Tina is a freeware FEA program for Android smartphones and tablets. Using Z88Tina it is not only possible to compute trusses and beams, but also continuum elements like plane stress elements, plat... | Z88 FEM software | 0.799936 |
80,081 | In mathematical analysis, the Brezis–Gallouët inequality, named after Haïm Brezis and Thierry Gallouët, is an inequality valid in 2 spatial dimensions. It shows that a function of two variables which is sufficiently smooth is (essentially) bounded, and provides an explicit bound, which depends only logarithmically on t... | Brezis–Gallouët inequality | 0.799936 |
80,082 | Context mixing is a type of data compression algorithm in which the next-symbol predictions of two or more statistical models are combined to yield a prediction that is often more accurate than any of the individual predictions. For example, one simple method (not necessarily the best) is to average the probabilities a... | Context mixing | 0.799936 |
80,083 | It was used by the Oklahoma State-Wide Computer Science System, starting in 1966, to connect remote RCA 301 computers in 8 cities to host Vocational-Technical Education in computer science, which was the first state-sponsored program set up exclusively to train data processing personnel. The students were learning the ... | RCA Spectra 70 | 0.799936 |
80,084 | This useful fact makes, for example, derivation of rigid body rotation relatively simple. But one must always be careful to distinguish (the first order treatment of) these infinitesimal rotation matrices from both finite rotation matrices and from Lie algebra elements. When contrasting the behavior of finite rotation ... | Differential rotation matrix | 0.799936 |
80,085 | Advances in plasma physics in the 1970s and 80s led to a much stronger understanding of stability issues, and this developed into a series of "scaling laws" that can be used to quickly determine rough operational numbers across a wide variety of systems. In particular, Troyon's work on the critical beta of a reactor de... | Spherical tokamak | 0.799936 |
80,086 | Benzylidene compounds are, formally speaking, derivatives of benzylidene, although few are prepared from the carbene. Benzylidene acetal is a protecting group in synthetic organic chemistry of the form PhCH(OR)2. For example, 4,6-O-benzylidene-glucopyranose is a glucose derivative. Benzylidene is an archaic term for co... | Benzylidene compounds | 0.799935 |
80,087 | In statistics, an interaction may arise when considering the relationship among three or more variables, and describes a situation in which the effect of one causal variable on an outcome depends on the state of a second causal variable (that is, when effects of the two causes are not additive). Although commonly thoug... | Interaction effect | 0.799935 |
80,088 | Roland Percival Sprague (11 July 1894, Unterliederbach – 1 August 1967) was a German mathematician, known for the Sprague–Grundy theorem and for being the first mathematician to find a perfect squared square. | Roland Sprague | 0.799935 |
80,089 | The 2015 prize was awarded to Patrick Farrell (University of Oxford), Simon Funke (Simula Research Laboratory), David Ham (Imperial College London), and Marie Rognes (Simula Research Laboratory) for the development of dolfin-adjoint, a package which automatically derives and solves adjoint and tangent linear equations ... | J. H. Wilkinson Prize for Numerical Software | 0.799935 |
80,090 | In quantum mechanics, ionized impurity scattering is the scattering of charge carriers by ionization in the lattice. The most primitive models can be conceptually understood as a particle responding to unbalanced local charge that arises near a crystal impurity; similar to an electron encountering an electric field. Th... | Ionized impurity scattering | 0.799935 |
80,091 | Let X and Y be two disjoint (locally closed) submanifolds of Rn, of dimensions i and j. X and Y satisfy Whitney's condition A if whenever a sequence of points x1, x2, … in X converges to a point y in Y, and the sequence of tangent i-planes Tm to X at the points xm converges to an i-plane T as m tends to infinity, then ... | Whitney stratification | 0.799935 |
80,092 | The notion of H-stability in quantum mechanics is more subtle. While in the classical case the kinetic part of the Hamiltonian is not important as it can be zero independently of the position of the particles, in the quantum case the kinetic term plays an important role in the lower bound for the total energy because o... | H-stable potential | 0.799935 |
80,093 | Salinity refers to the water's "saltiness". In oceanography and marine biology, it has been traditional to express salinity not as a percent, but as permille (parts per thousand) (‰), which is approximately grams of salt per kilogram of solution. Salinity varies even more widely than temperature in estuaries, ranging f... | Shell growth in estuaries | 0.799935 |
80,094 | In many ways, classical mechanics can be considered a mainly macroscopic theory. On the much smaller scale of atoms and molecules, classical mechanics may fail, and the interactions of particles are then described by quantum mechanics. Near the absolute minimum of temperature, the Bose–Einstein condensate exhibits effe... | Macroscopic scale | 0.799934 |
80,095 | Many branches of classical mechanics are simplifications or approximations of more accurate forms; two of the most accurate being general relativity and relativistic statistical mechanics. Geometric optics is an approximation to the quantum theory of light, and does not have a superior "classical" form. When both quant... | Classical billiard balls | 0.799934 |
80,096 | Reactive plans can be expressed also by connectionist networks like artificial neural networks or free-flow hierarchies. The basic representational unit is a unit with several input links that feed the unit with "an abstract activity" and output links that propagate the activity to following units. Each unit itself wor... | Reactive planning | 0.799934 |
80,097 | He qualified in Law in 2000. G. G. Joseph studied and conducted researches in applied mathematics and statistics, including multivariate analysis, mathematical programming, and demography. He is conducting three-month research on the history of mathematics in his native place every year. Through his series of researche... | George Gheverghese Joseph | 0.799934 |
80,098 | A member of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute is designated with the honorific affix "MRACI". As the professional body for chemistry in Australia, the institute has the ability to award the status of Chartered Chemist ("CChem") to suitably qualified candidates. Election to fellow of the institute ("FRACI") is dep... | Royal Australian Chemical Institute | 0.799934 |
80,099 | A single-molecule experiment is an experiment that investigates the properties of individual molecules. Single-molecule studies may be contrasted with measurements on an ensemble or bulk collection of molecules, where the individual behavior of molecules cannot be distinguished, and only average characteristics can be ... | Single-molecule experiment | 0.799933 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.