id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
86,200 | We can identify APS as a subalgebra of the spacetime algebra (STA) C ℓ 1 , 3 ( R ) {\displaystyle C\ell _{1,3}(\mathbb {R} )} , defining σ k = γ k γ 0 {\displaystyle \sigma _{k}=\gamma _{k}\gamma _{0}} and I = γ 0 γ 1 γ 2 γ 3 {\displaystyle I=\gamma _{0}\gamma _{1}\gamma _{2}\gamma _{3}} . The γ μ {\displaystyle \gamma... | Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field | 0.798632 |
86,201 | Neuroethics encompasses a wide range of issues, which can only be sampled here. Some have close ties to traditional biomedical ethics, in that different versions of these issues can arise in connection with organ systems other than the brain. For example, how should incidental findings be handled when a presumed health... | Neuroethics | 0.798631 |
86,202 | In cells, the EETs are rapidly metabolized by a cytosolic soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) which adds water (H2O) across the epoxide to form their corresponding Vicinal (chemistry) diol dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (diHETrEs or DHETs), i.e. sEH converts 14,15-ETE to 14,15-dihydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid (14,15-diHETrE), ... | Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid | 0.798631 |
86,203 | Groups and Symmetries: From Finite Groups to Lie Groups. Translated by Stephanie Frank Singer. Springer 2010, ISBN 978-0387788654. The Noether Theorems: Invariance and Conservation Laws in the Twentieth Century. | Yvette Kosmann-Schwarzbach | 0.798631 |
86,204 | In mathematics, a Dirac measure assigns a size to a set based solely on whether it contains a fixed element x or not. It is one way of formalizing the idea of the Dirac delta function, an important tool in physics and other technical fields. | Dirac measure | 0.798631 |
86,205 | Recall that filters on sets are proper filters of the Boolean algebra of its powerset. In this special case, maximal filters (i.e. filters that are not strict subsets of any proper filter) and prime filters (i.e. filters that with each union of subsets X and Y contain also X or Y) coincide. The dual of this statement t... | Boolean prime ideal theorem | 0.798631 |
86,206 | Many physical problems in classical, quantum mechanics and problems in other sciences, can be reduced to the form of a master equation, thereby performing a great simplification of the problem (see mathematical model). The Lindblad equation in quantum mechanics is a generalization of the master equation describing the ... | Master equation | 0.79863 |
86,207 | Panayotis G. Kevrekidis is a professor in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Kevrekidis earned his B.Sc. in physics in 1996 from the University of Athens. He obtained his M.S. | Panayotis G. Kevrekidis | 0.79863 |
86,208 | Kőnig's lemma or Kőnig's infinity lemma is a theorem in graph theory due to the Hungarian mathematician Dénes Kőnig who published it in 1927. It gives a sufficient condition for an infinite graph to have an infinitely long path. The computability aspects of this theorem have been thoroughly investigated by researchers ... | Kőnig's lemma | 0.79863 |
86,209 | Indeed, E {\displaystyle E} countersupports ( H o r E ¯ ) {\displaystyle (H\ or\ {\overline {E}})} unless either P ( H | E ) = 1 {\displaystyle P(H|E)=1} or P ( E ) = 1 {\displaystyle P(E)=1} (which are possibilities of no interest). ...This result is completely devastating to the inductive interpretation of the calcul... | Raven paradox | 0.79863 |
86,210 | By the FEE the two following series are calculated fast: f 1 = f 1 ( z ) = ∑ j = 0 ∞ a ( j ) b ( j ) z j , {\displaystyle f_{1}=f_{1}(z)=\sum _{j=0}^{\infty }{\frac {a(j)}{b(j)}}z^{j},} f 2 = f 2 ( z ) = ∑ j = 0 ∞ a ( j ) b ( j ) z j j ! , {\displaystyle f_{2}=f_{2}(z)=\sum _{j=0}^{\infty }{\frac {a(j)}{b(j)}}{\frac {z... | FEE method | 0.79863 |
86,211 | Perl Data Language (abbreviated PDL) is a set of free software array programming extensions to the Perl programming language. PDL extends the data structures built into Perl, to include large multidimensional arrays, and adds functionality to manipulate those arrays as vector objects. It also provides tools for image p... | Perl Data Language | 0.798629 |
86,212 | Charles Glover Barkla FRS FRSE (7 June 1877 – 23 October 1944) was a British physicist, and the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1917 for his work in X-ray spectroscopy and related areas in the study of X-rays (Roentgen rays). | Charles Glover Barkla | 0.798629 |
86,213 | Term-model constructions In many cases, the categorical semantics of a logic provide a basis for establishing a correspondence between theories in the logic and instances of an appropriate kind of category. A classic example is the correspondence between theories of βη-equational logic over simply typed lambda calculus... | Categorical semantics | 0.798628 |
86,214 | Trail is the horizontal distance from where the front wheel touches the ground to where the steering axis intersects the ground. The measurement is considered positive if the front wheel ground contact point is behind (towards the rear of the bike) the steering axis intersection with the ground. Most bikes have positiv... | Mechanical trail | 0.798628 |
86,215 | Photosensitization is a process of transferring the energy of absorbed light. After absorption, the energy is transferred to the (chosen) reactants. This is part of the work of photochemistry in general. | Photoelectrochemical processes | 0.798628 |
86,216 | In Euclidean geometry, of special interest are involutions which are linear or affine transformations over the Euclidean space Rn. Such involutions are easy to characterize and they can be described geometrically. | Affine involution | 0.798628 |
86,217 | The Center for Adaptive Systems Applications (CASA) was a company founded in 1995 by Jones, together with physicists Robert Stellingwerf, Camilo Gomez, and Stephen Coggeshall and business developer John Davies from Los Alamos National Laboratory in collaboration with Citibank. The company applied neural network and ada... | Roger Jones (physicist) | 0.798627 |
86,218 | After moving to Canada, Christensen completed his high school diploma in six months, mainly through correspondence school in Edmonton. He enrolled in engineering physics at the University of Alberta, where he won the top engineering award, the Henry Birks Gold Medal, in 1958 along with several other scholarships. After... | Gustav S. Christensen | 0.798627 |
86,219 | Full packet capture appliances capture and record all Ethernet/IP activity, while filtered packet capture appliances capture only a subset of traffic based on a set of user-definable filters; such as IP address, MAC address or protocol. Unless using the packet capture appliance for a very specific purpose covered by th... | Packet Capture Appliance | 0.798627 |
86,220 | Pressure taps provide limited spatial resolution and are often limited by model geometry and can be very expensive to integrate into complex geometries. PSP provides a low-cost alternative that is less invasive than pressure tap arrays. PSP also offers superior spatial resolution, with each pixel of the imaging camera ... | Pressure-sensitive paint | 0.798627 |
86,221 | The argument from physics is closely related to the argument from causal interaction. Many physicists and consciousness researchers have argued that any action of a nonphysical mind on the brain would entail the violation of physical laws, such as the conservation of energy.By assuming a deterministic physical universe... | Cartesian dualism | 0.798627 |
86,222 | Surveyor 3D laser digitizing systems measure parts of all sizes, including those with geometry. Inspection and verification applications, including process control and in-line inspection, reverse engineering, rapid prototyping, are aimed to be a major consumer of laser scanning systems in the future.Laser Design receiv... | Laser Design, Inc. | 0.798627 |
86,223 | Woodin's Ω-conjecture: if there is a proper class of Woodin cardinals, then Ω-logic satisfies an analogue of Gödel's completeness theorem.Does the consistency of the existence of a strongly compact cardinal imply the consistent existence of a supercompact cardinal? Does there exist a Jónsson algebra on ℵω? Is OCA (the ... | Open problem in mathematics | 0.798627 |
86,224 | There is an analogy between the Mayer–Vietoris sequence (especially for homology groups of dimension 1) and the Seifert–van Kampen theorem. Whenever A ∩ B {\displaystyle A\cap B} is path-connected, the reduced Mayer–Vietoris sequence yields the isomorphism H 1 ( X ) ≅ ( H 1 ( A ) ⊕ H 1 ( B ) ) / Ker ( k ∗ − l ∗ ) {\dis... | Mayer–Vietoris sequence | 0.798627 |
86,225 | SOAP- and REST-based interfaces have been developed to allow client computers to use algorithms, data and computing resources from servers in other parts of the world. The main advantage are that end users do not have to deal with software and database maintenance overheads. Basic bioinformatics services are classified... | Bioinformatics | 0.798626 |
86,226 | In molecular biology, REBASE is a database of information about restriction enzymes and DNA methyltransferases. REBASE contains an extensive set of references, sites of recognition and cleavage, sequences and structures. It also contains information on the commercial availability of each enzyme. REBASE is one of the lo... | REBASE (database) | 0.798626 |
86,227 | The existence of a topological defect can be demonstrated whenever the boundary conditions entail the existence of homotopically distinct solutions. Typically, this occurs because the boundary on which the conditions are specified has a non-trivial homotopy group which is preserved in differential equations; the soluti... | Soliton (topology) | 0.798626 |
86,228 | In fact, this approach yields first quantitative bounds for the theorems. This theorem roughly implies that any dense subset of Z d {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} ^{d}} contains any finite pattern of Z d {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} ^{d}} . The case when d = 1 {\displaystyle d=1} and the pattern is arithmetic progression of ... | Hypergraph regularity method | 0.798625 |
86,229 | Note, however, that the fundamental laws that underlie the thermodynamic processes are all time-reversible (classical laws of motion and laws of electrodynamics), which means that on the microscopic level, if one were to keep track of all the particles and all the degrees of freedom, the many-body system processes are ... | Time reversibility | 0.798625 |
86,230 | Block arguments are an alternative to Φ functions that is representationally identical but in practice can be more convenient during optimization. Blocks are named and take a list of block arguments, notated as function parameters. When calling a block the block arguments are bound to specified values. Swift and LLVM's... | Static single assignment form | 0.798625 |
86,231 | Yuwen Zhang is an American professor of mechanical engineering who is well known for his contributions to phase change heat transfer. He is presently a Curators' Distinguished Professor and Huber and Helen Croft Chair in Engineering in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Missouri... | Yuwen Zhang | 0.798625 |
86,232 | Weed Abstracts, derived from CAB Abstracts, is an abstracts database focused on published research regarding weeds and herbicides. This includes weed biology, encompassing research areas from genetics to ecology, including parasitic, poisonous, allergenic and aquatic weeds. Further coverage includes all topics related ... | CAB Direct | 0.798624 |
86,233 | An important part of nonabelian algebraic topology is concerned with the properties and applications of homotopy groupoids and filtered spaces. Noncommutative double groupoids and double algebroids are only the first examples of such higher-dimensional structures that are nonabelian. The new methods of Nonabelian Algeb... | Nonabelian algebraic topology | 0.798624 |
86,234 | The first integral, with broad application outside of quantum field theory, is the Gaussian integral. In physics the factor of 1/2 in the argument of the exponential is common. Note: Thus we obtain | Common integrals in quantum field theory | 0.798624 |
86,235 | The corresponding covalently bound group –OH of atoms is the hydroxy group. Both the hydroxide ion and hydroxy group are nucleophiles and can act as catalysts in organic chemistry. Many inorganic substances which bear the word hydroxide in their names are not ionic compounds of the hydroxide ion, but covalent compounds... | Hydroxide ion | 0.798623 |
86,236 | Vakil is an algebraic geometer and his research work spans over enumerative geometry, topology, Gromov–Witten theory, and classical algebraic geometry. He has solved several old problems in Schubert calculus. Among other results, he proved that all Schubert problems are enumerative over the real numbers, a result that ... | Ravi Vakil | 0.798623 |
86,237 | A Frobenioid consists of a category C together with a functor to an elementary Frobenioid, satisfying some complicated conditions related to the behavior of line bundles and divisors on models of global fields. One of Mochizuki's fundamental theorems states that under various conditions a Frobenioid can be reconstructe... | Frobenioid | 0.798623 |
86,238 | Later, Abbott et al. (1996) arrived at a different but unclear conclusion that "zero-point energy is infinite thus it should be renormalized but not the 'zero-point fluctuations'". Despite such criticism, FDT has been shown to be true experimentally under certain quantum, non-classical conditions. Zero-point fluctuatio... | Zero point energy | 0.798623 |
86,239 | In artificial intelligence and cognitive science, the structure mapping engine (SME) is an implementation in software of an algorithm for analogical matching based on the psychological theory of Dedre Gentner. The basis of Gentner's structure-mapping idea is that an analogy is a mapping of knowledge from one domain (th... | Structure mapping engine | 0.798622 |
86,240 | Note: The 'topics' are a selection of related articles provided by Wiley Online Library. The number (#) indicates that, for example, 15 articles relate to the main branch of agrochemicals. The numbers do not exactly sum up to the total number of articles (1,050), but its sole purpose is for organizing and categorizing ... | Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry | 0.798622 |
86,241 | Transition modeling is the use of a model to predict the change from laminar and turbulent flows in fluids and their respective effects on the overall solution. The complexity and lack of understanding of the underlining physics of the problems makes simulating the interaction between laminar and turbulent flow to be d... | Transition modeling | 0.798622 |
86,242 | The main research focus is in six major scientific areas: Materials and Nanostructures Physics, Microtechnologies - Microsystems, Micro and optoelectronics, Communication circuits and systems, Acoustics, Instrumentation.With 200 permanent researchers and 100 doctoral students for a total staff of more than 500, IEMN fo... | Institut d'électronique de microélectronique et de nanotechnologie | 0.798622 |
86,243 | Chinook is a computer program that plays checkers (also known as draughts). It was developed between the years 1989 to 2007 at the University of Alberta, by a team led by Jonathan Schaeffer and consisting of Rob Lake, Paul Lu, Martin Bryant, and Norman Treloar. The program's algorithms include an opening book which is ... | Chinook (computer program) | 0.798622 |
86,244 | {\displaystyle k={\frac {R}{N_{\text{A}}}}.} .BosonIn quantum mechanics, a boson (, ) is a particle that follows Bose–Einstein statistics. Bosons make up one of the two classes of particles, the other being fermions. | Glossary of engineering: A–L | 0.798622 |
86,245 | A simple facility location problem is the Weber problem, in which a single facility is to be placed, with the only optimization criterion being the minimization of the weighted sum of distances from a given set of point sites. More complex problems considered in this discipline include the placement of multiple facilit... | K-center problem | 0.798621 |
86,246 | In civil engineering and hydrology, numerical models of snowmelt runoff use observations of insolation. This permits estimation of the rate at which water is released from a melting snowpack. Field measurement is accomplished using a pyranometer. | Solar incidence | 0.798621 |
86,247 | Reproductive endocrinology and infertility (REI) is a surgical subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology that trains physicians in reproductive medicine addressing hormonal functioning as it pertains to reproduction as well as the issue of infertility. While most REI specialists primarily focus on the treatment of infe... | Fertility specialist | 0.798621 |
86,248 | Journal of Chemistry 2021 (2021): 1-1. Dhodapkar, Rita S., and Kavita N. Gandhi. "1CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India, 2Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India." | National Environmental Engineering Research Institute | 0.798621 |
86,249 | In mathematics, the splitting circle method is a numerical algorithm for the numerical factorization of a polynomial and, ultimately, for finding its complex roots. It was introduced by Arnold Schönhage in his 1982 paper The fundamental theorem of algebra in terms of computational complexity (Technical report, Mathemat... | Splitting circle method | 0.798621 |
86,250 | Submarine commanders were still expected to be able to calculate a firing solution by hand as a backup against mechanical failure, and because many submarines existed at the start of the war were not equipped with a TDC; most could keep the "picture" in their heads and do much of the calculations (simple trigonometry) ... | Torpedo | 0.798621 |
86,251 | Addressing scientific misconceptions is crucial for developing a more accurate understanding of the natural world and improving scientific literacy. In general, scientific misconceptions have their foundations in a few "intuitive knowledge domains, including folkmechanics (object boundaries and movements), folkbiology ... | Scientific misconceptions | 0.79862 |
86,252 | Some speculative theories have proposed that our universe is but one of a set of disconnected universes, collectively denoted as the multiverse, challenging or enhancing more limited definitions of the universe. Scientific multiverse models are distinct from concepts such as alternate planes of consciousness and simula... | Local Universe | 0.79862 |
86,253 | Not all β-glucoside PTS porters are in this class, as the PTS porter first described as the cellobiose β-glucoside porter is the diacetylchitobiose porter in the Lac family. The IIA, IIB and IIC domains of all of the group translocators listed below are demonstrably homologous. These porters (the IIC domains) show limi... | PTS glucose-glucoside (Glc) family | 0.79862 |
86,254 | An absolutely simple point is one with a geometrically regular local ring. acceptable ring Acceptable rings are generalizations of excellent rings, with the conditions about regular rings in the definition replaced by conditions about Gorenstein rings. adic The I-adic topology on a ring has a base of neighborhoods of 0... | Embedding dimension | 0.798619 |
86,255 | The energy distribution of the emitted electrons is important both for scientific experiments that use the emitted electron energy distribution to probe aspects of the emitter surface physics and for the field emission sources used in electron beam instruments such as electron microscopes. In the latter case, the "widt... | Field emission | 0.798619 |
86,256 | Biofluid dynamics may be considered as the discipline of biological engineering or biomedical engineering in which the fundamental principles of fluid dynamics are used to explain the mechanisms of biological flows and their interrelationships with physiological processes, in health and in diseases/disorder. It can be ... | Biofluid dynamics | 0.798619 |
86,257 | Several software quality standards mandate the use of a valid sizing method as part of the organization's standard software engineering life cycle. For instance, Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) poses such a requirement. An organization cannot be appraised (certified) as CMMI level 2 or level 3 unless softw... | Software Sizing | 0.798619 |
86,258 | There are a number of attacks against plain RSA as described below. When encrypting with low encryption exponents (e.g., e = 3) and small values of the m (i.e., m < n1/e), the result of me is strictly less than the modulus n. In this case, ciphertexts can be decrypted easily by taking the eth root of the ciphertext ove... | RSA cipher | 0.798619 |
86,259 | In 2002, the company introduced article processing charges, and these have since been the primary source of revenue. In 2007 Yale University Libraries stopped subsidizing BioMed Central article processing charges for Yale researchers.In October 2008, it was announced that BioMed Central (along with Chemistry Central an... | Diagn Pathol | 0.798619 |
86,260 | Logic circuits cannot produce any randomness, and in that sense they form an incomplete logic set. Remedy to that is found in adding an ad-hoc random bit generator to logic networks, or computers, such as in Probabilistic Turing machine. A recent work has introduced a theoretical concept of an inherently random logic c... | Boolean circuit | 0.798619 |
86,261 | In genetics and genetic epidemiology, a phenome-wide association study, abbreviated PheWAS, is a study design in which the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms or other types of DNA variants is tested across a large number of different phenotypes. The aim of PheWAS studies (or PheWASs) is to examine the ... | Phenome-wide association study | 0.798618 |
86,262 | In an example by Rechenberg, 1971, 1973, a random walk is pushed thru a corridor maximizing the parameter x1. In this case the region of acceptability is defined as a (n − 1)-dimensional interval in the parameters x2, x3, ..., xn, but a x1-value below the last accepted will never be accepted. Since P can never exceed 0... | Gaussian adaptation | 0.798618 |
86,263 | The textual content and the structured hierarchy of Wikipedia has become an important knowledge source for researchers in natural language processing and artificial intelligence. In 2007 researchers at Technion – Israel Institute of Technology developed a technique called Explicit Semantic Analysis which uses the world... | Academic studies about Wikipedia | 0.798618 |
86,264 | These examples of epigenetics in nature demonstrate the ability of epialleles to drastically influence phenotypes and increase genetic variability within populations. The stable heritability of epigenetic marks across generations suggests that resulting phenotypes would have substantial fitness effects and may respond,... | Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in plants | 0.798618 |
86,265 | In FlowJo, samples are organized in a "Workspace" window, which presents a hierarchical view of all the samples and their analyses (gates and statistics). Viewing an entire experiment in a Workspace permits organizing and managing complex cytometry experiments and produces detailed graphical reports. FlowJo's ability t... | FlowJo | 0.798617 |
86,266 | Each organization listed below has the ability to conduct scientific research on an extended basis, involving multiple researchers over an extended time. Generally, the research is funded not only for the science itself, but for some application which shows promise for the enterprise. But the researchers, if left to th... | Scientific enterprise | 0.798617 |
86,267 | To use the groundwater flow equation to estimate the distribution of hydraulic heads, or the direction and rate of groundwater flow, this partial differential equation (PDE) must be solved. The most common means of analytically solving the diffusion equation in the hydrogeology literature are: Laplace, Hankel and Fouri... | Hydrogeology | 0.798617 |
86,268 | The setup, especially the Nisnevich topology, is chosen as to make algebraic K-theory representable by a spectrum, and in some aspects to make a proof of the Bloch-Kato conjecture possible. After the Morel-Voevodsky construction there have been several different approaches to A1 homotopy theory by using other model cat... | Motivic homotopy theory | 0.798616 |
86,269 | It includes a library of stock commercial lenses. OpticStudio can perform standard sequential ray tracing through optical elements, non-sequential ray tracing for analysis of stray light, and physical optics beam propagation. It also has tolerancing capability, to allow analysis of the effect of manufacturing defects a... | Zemax | 0.798616 |
86,270 | The sequence doesn't converge in restricted product topology. For each adele a = ( a p ) p ∈ A Q {\displaystyle a=(a_{p})_{p}\in \mathbb {A} _{\mathbb {Q} }} and for each restricted open rectangle U = ∏ p ∈ E U p × ∏ p ∉ E Z p , {\displaystyle \textstyle U=\prod _{p\in E}U_{p}\times \prod _{p\notin E}\mathbb {Z} _{p},}... | Ring of adeles | 0.798616 |
86,271 | He traveled to New York City on his own and supported himself as he studied for college admission. More attended Washington University in St. Louis, earning a bachelor’s degree in history with a minor in chemistry. | Alexander F. More | 0.798616 |
86,272 | Some third-generation solar cells boost efficiency through the integration of concentrator and/or multi-junction device geometry. This can lead to efficiencies larger than the Shockley–Queisser limit of approximately 42% efficiency for a single-junction semiconductor solar cell under one-sun illumination.A multi-juncti... | Thin-film photovoltaic cell | 0.798616 |
86,273 | Astrophysical environments feature many different types of shock waves. Some common examples are supernovae shock waves or blast waves travelling through the interstellar medium, the bow shock caused by the Earth's magnetic field colliding with the solar wind and shock waves caused by galaxies colliding with each other... | Shock waves | 0.798616 |
86,274 | From a cognitive psychology perspective, information enters the eyes in one direction (sensory input, or the "bottom"), and is then turned into an image by the brain that can be interpreted and recognized as a perception (output that is "built up" from processing to final cognition). In a bottom–up approach the individ... | Stepwise refinement | 0.798616 |
86,275 | The fixed diamond can be replaced with a switched diamond, which eliminates the gap in rails at the K-crossing, which allows a higher speed if the geometry is poor. However, switched diamonds are not a perfect solution to the K-crossing problem, as the switches are very coarse compared to the finer switches of a turnou... | Double junction | 0.798615 |
86,276 | 161 in "The Emergence of Mathematical Statistics: A Historical Sketch with Particular Reference to the United States," "On the History of Statistics and Probability," ed. D.B. | P value | 0.798615 |
86,277 | Molecular self-assembly is an important aspect of bottom-up approaches to nanotechnology. Using molecular self-assembly, the final (desired) structure is programmed in the shape and functional groups of the molecules. Self-assembly is referred to as a 'bottom-up' manufacturing technique in contrast to a 'top-down' tech... | Molecular self-assembly | 0.798615 |
86,278 | This program, carried out in collaboration with M. Gillon from the University of Liège, is at the origins of the detection of TRAPPIST-1, a planetary system potentially interesting to further search for atmosphere and life signature. Another successful avenue of research is the characterization of the rocky surface or ... | Didier Queloz | 0.798615 |
86,279 | In trigonometry and geometry, triangulation is the process of determining the location of a point by measuring angles to it from known points at either end of a fixed baseline, rather than measuring distances to the point directly (trilateration). The point can then be fixed as the third point of a triangle with one kn... | Acoustic location | 0.798615 |
86,280 | Fe(acac)3 has been examined as a precatalyst and reagent in organic chemistry, although the active iron-containing species is usually unidentified in these processes. In one instance, Fe(acac)3 was shown to promote cross-coupling a diene to an olefin. Fe(acac)3 catalyzes the dimerization of isoprene to a mixture of 1,5... | Iron(III) acetylacetonate | 0.798615 |
86,281 | In 2009, Snyder moved to Stanford University to chair the genetics department and to direct the Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine. Snyder has been principal investigator of Center of Excellence in the Genome Sciences (CEGS) (2001–2011), NIH Training Grants in genomics and proteomics (first at Yale, now at S... | Michael P. Snyder | 0.798615 |
86,282 | Otherwise, energy is continuously accumulated in an engine or the conservation of energy is violated by taking more energy from an engine than input energy to the engine: E M,abs in = Q = ( 1 − η M ) Q + η M Q = E M,abs out , {\displaystyle E_{\text{M,abs}}^{\text{in}}=Q=(1-\eta _{M})Q+\eta _{M}Q=E_{\text{M,abs}}^{\tex... | Carnot theorem (thermodynamics) | 0.798615 |
86,283 | In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the matching preclusion number of a graph G (denoted mp(G)) is the minimum number of edges whose deletion results in the elimination of all perfect matchings or near-perfect matchings (matchings that cover all but one vertex in a graph with an odd number of vertices). Matching ... | Matching preclusion | 0.798614 |
86,284 | Plastic Surgery; High-Speed Bicycles; "Lemons"; Ailing Whale (October 10, 1987) Treasure Diving; Blackboard Chat; "Lemons"; Mothballs & Wintergreen (October 17, 1987) Polar Expedition; Inventors' Fair; Sea Otter (October 24, 1987) Submarine; Budgies In A Truck; Uvula Chat; Lemons, Sea World Science Day (October 31, 198... | Newton's Apple | 0.798614 |
86,285 | Lene Vestergaard Hau (Danish: ; born November 13, 1959) is a Danish physicist and educator. She is the Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics and of Applied Physics at Harvard University.In 1999, she led a Harvard University team who, by use of a Bose–Einstein condensate, succeeded in slowing a beam of light to about 17 met... | Lene Hau | 0.798614 |
86,286 | Thus the spinor rotation γ(ψ) = γψ (ordinary quaternionic multiplication) will rotate the spinor ψ through an angle one-half the measure of the angle of the corresponding vector rotation. Once again, the problem of lifting a vector rotation to a spinor rotation is two-valued: the expression (1) with (180° + θ/2) in pla... | Chiral fermion | 0.798614 |
86,287 | In mathematics, and in particular the necklace splitting problem, the Hobby–Rice theorem is a result that is useful in establishing the existence of certain solutions. It was proved in 1965 by Charles R. Hobby and John R. Rice; a simplified proof was given in 1976 by A. Pinkus. | Hobby–Rice theorem | 0.798614 |
86,288 | Theorem: Let A , B , C ∈ R n × n {\displaystyle A,B,C\in \mathbb {R} ^{n\times n}} and assume that A {\displaystyle A} and B {\displaystyle B} are stable, then the unique solution to the Sylvester equation, A X + X B = C {\displaystyle AX+XB=C} , is given by X {\displaystyle X} such that = csgn ( ) . {\displaystyle... | Matrix sign function | 0.798614 |
86,289 | The Boltzmann machine is based on a spin-glass model of Sherrington-Kirkpatrick's stochastic Ising Model.The original contribution in applying such energy based models in cognitive science appeared in papers by Hinton and Sejnowski.The seminal publication by John Hopfield connected physics and statistical mechanics, me... | Boltzmann machine | 0.798613 |
86,290 | EPRI's generation research focuses on information, processes and technologies to improve the flexibility, reliability, performance, and efficiency of the existing fossil-fueled and renewable energy generating fleet. | Electric Power Research Institute | 0.798613 |
86,291 | Knowing three orbital positions of a planet's orbit – positions obtained by Sir Isaac Newton from astronomer John Flamsteed – Newton was able to produce an equation by straightforward analytical geometry, to predict a planet's motion; i.e., to give its orbital properties: position, orbital diameter, period and orbital ... | N-Body Problem | 0.798613 |
86,292 | The ICI was launched in Oct 2009 New Delhi, with 100 journals. It provides access to full text for all Open Access journals. It links to Google Scholar for additional information and provides analytical tools. There are 50 different top level subject categories like Health Science, Mathematics, Computer Science & Techn... | Indian Citation Index | 0.798612 |
86,293 | The motivation for these definitions is simple: The weights of finite-dimensional representations of g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} satisfy the first integrality condition, while if G is a group with Lie algebra g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} , the weights of finite-dimensional representations of G satisfy the se... | Highest-weight module | 0.798612 |
86,294 | Some fields, such as astrometry, are purely astronomy rather than also astrophysics. Various departments in which scientists carry out research on this subject may use "astronomy" and "astrophysics", partly depending on whether the department is historically affiliated with a physics department, and many professional a... | Stellar astronomy | 0.798612 |
86,295 | An object language L {\displaystyle L} meanwhile, has some of the qualities of a natural language (which permits commands, questions, ostentation and predication), but is used in conversation theory specifically as the language studied during experiments. Finally, the metalanguage L ∗ {\displaystyle L^{*}} is an observ... | Conversation Theory | 0.798612 |
86,296 | Manufacturability issues are tackled through identification of difficult to manufacture geometric attributes (an approach used in most DFM handbooks) or through simulations of manufacturing processes. For RP-produced parts (as in SLA), the problem formulations are called material-process geometric tailoring (MPGT)/RP. ... | DFM analysis for stereolithography | 0.798612 |
86,297 | He was a visiting professor at the Electrical Engineering departments of University of California, Berkeley, and Stanford University, and then Professor in the department of electrical engineering at the University of Maryland College Park. In 1975 he joined the mathematics department of University of Florida Gainesvil... | Vasile M. Popov | 0.798612 |
86,298 | N902-109. This is the only known enzyme capable of catalysing the formation of a carbon-fluorine bond, the strongest single bond in organic chemistry. A homologous chlorinase enzyme, which catalyses the same reaction with chloride rather than fluoride ion, has been isolated from Salinospora tropica, from the biosynthet... | Adenosyl-fluoride synthase | 0.798612 |
86,299 | Sustainable Fisheries Group UC Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN) UC Center for Energy and Environmental Economics (UCE3) Earth Research Institute Institute for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Research (ISBER) Marine Science Institute (MSI) National Center for Ecological Analysis and... | Bren School of Environmental Science & Management | 0.798611 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.