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87,000 | Composed of three books, it deals with the geometry of the sphere and its application in astronomical measurements and calculations. The book introduces the concept of spherical triangle (figures formed of three great circle arcs, which he named "trilaterals") and proves Menelaus' theorem on collinearity of points on t... | Menelaus of Alexandria | 0.798473 |
87,001 | One of the most ambitious programs to tackle this problem was Doug Lenat's Cyc project. Cyc established its own Frame language and had large numbers of analysts document various areas of common-sense reasoning in that language. The knowledge recorded in Cyc included common-sense models of time, causality, physics, inte... | Knowledge Representation | 0.798472 |
87,002 | Furthermore, each system has a distinctive identity that is constantly reproduced in its communication and depends on what is considered meaningful and what is not. If a system fails to maintain that identity, it ceases to exist as a system and dissolves back into the environment it emerged from. Luhmann called this pr... | Niklas Luhmann | 0.798471 |
87,003 | Founded in 1986, the eXperimental Computing Facility (XCF) is an undergraduate computing-interest organization at University of California, Berkeley. The "Experimental" description was given in contrast to the Open Computing Facility and the Computer Science Undergraduate Association, which support most of the general-... | EXperimental Computing Facility | 0.798471 |
87,004 | API Calculus is a program that solves calculus problems using operating systems within a device that solves calculus problems. In 1989, the PI- Calculus was created by Robin Milner and was very successful throughout the years. The PI Calculus is an extension of the process algebra CCS, a tool that has algebraic languag... | API-Calculus | 0.79847 |
87,005 | We assume without proof all the basic well-known results about our formalism that we need, such as the normal form theorem or the soundness theorem. We axiomatize predicate calculus without equality (sometimes confusingly called without identity), i.e. there are no special axioms expressing the properties of (object) e... | Original proof of Gödel's completeness theorem | 0.79847 |
87,006 | The best known example is the sextic QES anharmonic oscillator with the Hamiltonian { H } = − d 2 d x 2 + a 2 x 6 + 2 a b x 4 + x 2 , a ≥ 0 , n ∈ N , p = { 0 , 1 } , {\displaystyle \{{\mathcal {H}}\}=-{\frac {d^{2}}{dx^{2}}}+a^{2}x^{6}+2abx^{4}+x^{2},\ a\geq 0\ ,\ n\in \mathbb {N} \ ,\ p=\{0,1\},} where (n+1) eigensta... | Quasi-exact solvability | 0.79847 |
87,007 | By Deligne, a morphism of schemes is finite if and only if it is proper and quasi-finite. This had been shown by Grothendieck if the morphism f: X → Y is locally of finite presentation, which follows from the other assumptions if Y is noetherian. For X proper over a scheme S, and Y separated over S, the image of any mo... | Proper morphism | 0.79847 |
87,008 | Slightly larger turbines can be used for making small contributions to a domestic power supply while selling unused power back to the utility supplier via the electrical grid. Arrays of large turbines, known as wind farms, have become an increasingly important source of renewable energy and are used in many countries a... | Wind generation | 0.79847 |
87,009 | His manuals of engineering science and practice were used for many decades after their publication in the 1850s and 1860s. He published several hundred papers and notes on science and engineering topics, from 1840 onwards, and his interests were extremely varied, including, in his youth, botany, music theory and number... | William Rankine | 0.79847 |
87,010 | The focus of "Machinery of Justice" is the legal case and consequences of Turing's conviction for sexual relations with a man. The final chapter, "Unseen Worlds", describes Turing's ideas in the areas of biology and zoology. The epilogue, titled "Alan Turing Decoded", features condolences and messages of appreciation f... | Prof: Alan Turing Decoded | 0.798469 |
87,011 | The first genome browser, known as the Ensembl Genome Browser, was develop as part of the Human Genome Project by a group of researchers from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). It was created with the aim of providing a complete resource for the human genome sequence, with focus on gene annotation. It is a us... | Genome browser | 0.798469 |
87,012 | A pipette (sometimes spelled as pipet) is a laboratory tool commonly used in chemistry, biology and medicine to transport a measured volume of liquid, often as a media dispenser. Pipettes come in several designs for various purposes with differing levels of accuracy and precision, from single piece glass pipettes to mo... | Combustion pipette | 0.798469 |
87,013 | Compared to other forms of scientific misconduct, image fraud (manipulation of images to distort their meaning) is of particular interest since it can frequently be detected by external parties. In 2006, the Journal of Cell Biology gained publicity for instituting tests to detect photo manipulation in papers that were ... | Scientific fraud | 0.798469 |
87,014 | Later extensions of Hamilton's methods by various authors resulted in new applications to geometry, including the resolution of the differentiable sphere conjecture by Simon Brendle and Richard Schoen. Following Shing-Tung Yau's suggestion that the singularities of solutions of the Ricci flow could identify the topolog... | Ricci flow | 0.798469 |
87,015 | After studying mathematics and physics in Tübingen, Hamburg, Bonn and Princeton, Lorenz earned his Ph.D. in 1961 under Paul Lorenzen in Kiel with a thesis about Arithmetic and Logic as Games. In 1969 he received his habilitation degree in philosophy also under Lorenzen but this time in Erlangen. | Kuno Lorenz | 0.798469 |
87,016 | A special case of the Kneser–Tits problem asks for which fields the Whitehead group of a semisimple almost simple simply connected isotropic algebraic group is always trivial. Platonov (1969) showed that this Whitehead group is trivial for local fields K, and gave examples of fields for which it is not always trivial. ... | Kneser–Tits conjecture | 0.798468 |
87,017 | After transmitting the data back to Earth, Doppler modeling was used to take the overlapping "looks" and combine them into a continuous, high resolution image of the surface. Radar System (RDRS)The Radar System functioned in three modes: synthetic aperture radar (SAR), altimetry (ALT), and radiometry (RAD). The instrum... | Magellan probe | 0.798468 |
87,018 | ISBN 978-0-521-38632-6. Nakamura, Yoshihiko (1991). Advanced Robotics: Redundancy and Optimization. | Pseudo inverse | 0.798468 |
87,019 | The tensor algebra has two different coalgebra structures. One is compatible with the tensor product, and thus can be extended to a bialgebra, and can be further be extended with an antipode to a Hopf algebra structure. The other structure, although simpler, cannot be extended to a bialgebra. The first structure is dev... | Tensor-algebra bundle | 0.798467 |
87,020 | According to economist Michael Clemens, it has not been shown that restrictions on high-skill emigration reduce shortages in the countries of origin.A 2021 study found that migration opportunities for Filipino nurses led to a net increase in human capital in the Philippines, thus contradicting the "brain drain" thesis.... | Brain drain | 0.798467 |
87,021 | Maran, Stephen P. The Astronomy and astrophysics encyclopedia. Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1992. ISBN 0442263643. | Bibliography of encyclopedias: astronomy and astronomers | 0.798467 |
87,022 | By contrast, for PDE, existence and uniqueness theorems are often the only means by which one can navigate through the plethora of different solutions at hand. For this reason, they are also fundamental when carrying out a purely numerical simulation, as one must have an understanding of what data is to be prescribed b... | Partial Differential Equations | 0.798467 |
87,023 | His reformed model was the first to reject the equant and eccentrics, separate natural philosophy from astronomy, free celestial kinematics from cosmology, and reduce physical entities to geometrical entities. The model also propounded the Earth's rotation about its axis, and the centres of motion were geometrical poin... | Islamic cosmology | 0.798467 |
87,024 | A significant change in link resources due to virtual circuits (VCs) routing or derouting. Periodic updates defined by the PTSE refresh and PTSE lifetime interval timers. A processor switch module (PXM) switchover.PTSE information is passed between nodes using PNNI topology state packets (PTSPs). | Private Network-to-Network Interface | 0.798466 |
87,025 | Many phonon dispersion curves have been measured by inelastic neutron scattering. The physics of sound in fluids differs from the physics of sound in solids, although both are density waves: sound waves in fluids only have longitudinal components, whereas sound waves in solids have longitudinal and transverse component... | Phonon | 0.798466 |
87,026 | Through this, she discovered the relationship between the fine constrictions in the pores of coals and the permeability of the porous space. By concluding that substances were expelled in order of molecular size as temperature increased, she helped classify coals and accurately predict their performance for fuel purpos... | Rosalind Franklin | 0.798466 |
87,027 | Ian Agol (born May 13, 1970) is an American mathematician who deals primarily with the topology of three-dimensional manifolds. | Ian Agol | 0.798466 |
87,028 | In a study conducted by Newman et al., the relationship between cognitive neuroscience and language acquisition was compared through a standardized procedure involving native speakers of English and native Spanish speakers who all had a similar length of exposure to the English language (averaging about 26 years). It w... | Language acquisition | 0.798465 |
87,029 | The M. Riesz extension theorem is a theorem in mathematics, proved by Marcel Riesz during his study of the problem of moments. | Riesz extension theorem | 0.798464 |
87,030 | Some model engineers use 3D CAD software to build the model in virtual space before commencing on the physical model. Such CAD software also interfaces with CNC machinery, particularly milling machines, of which an increasing range is now aimed at model engineers and other 'home shop machinists', making it possible for... | Model engineering | 0.798464 |
87,031 | Differential Calculus (1886) Integral Calculus (1895) Theory of equations (1897) A History of Hindu mathematics I (1910) | Sudhakara Dvivedi | 0.798464 |
87,032 | In computer science, a symbol table is a data structure used by a language translator such as a compiler or interpreter, where each identifier (or symbol), constant, procedure and function in a program's source code is associated with information relating to its declaration or appearance in the source. In other words, ... | Symbol table | 0.798464 |
87,033 | Two equivalent definitions of abelian variety over a general field k are commonly in use: a connected and complete algebraic group over k a connected and projective algebraic group over k.When the base is the field of complex numbers, these notions coincide with the previous definition. Over all bases, elliptic curves ... | Semiabelian variety | 0.798463 |
87,034 | Let V {\displaystyle V} be a κ {\displaystyle \kappa } -dimensional affine space over a field F {\displaystyle F} . Given a set define its closure to be its affine hull (i.e. the smallest affine subspace containing it). This forms a homogeneous ( κ + 1 ) {\displaystyle (\kappa +1)} -dimensional geometry. An affine spac... | Pregeometry (model theory) | 0.798463 |
87,035 | The Navier–Stokes equations are nonlinear partial differential equations in the general case and so remain in almost every real situation. In some cases, such as one-dimensional flow and Stokes flow (or creeping flow), the equations can be simplified to linear equations. The nonlinearity makes most problems difficult o... | Convective acceleration | 0.798463 |
87,036 | Although many studies, such as the ones cited in the examples above, provide quantitative support for optimal foraging theory and demonstrate its usefulness, the model has received criticism regarding its validity and limitations. First, optimal foraging theory relies on the assumption that natural selection will optim... | Optimal foraging | 0.798463 |
87,037 | Like many microfluidic technologies, open system microfluidics has been applied to nanotechnology, biotechnology, fuel cells, and point of care (POC) testing. For cell-based studies, open-channel microfluidic devices enable access to cells for single cell probing within the channel. Other applications include capillary... | Open microfluidics | 0.798462 |
87,038 | Reich's channels have amassed a considerable following online. By 2015, the National Center for Science Education (NCSE) described MinutePhysics and MinuteEarth as "definitely well known and well received" among an audience of science communicators.His 2014 "Evolution vs Natural Selection" video on the MinutePhysics ch... | Henry Reich | 0.798462 |
87,039 | In surveying, a baseline is generally a line between two points on the earth's surface and the direction and distance between them. In a triangulation network, at least one baseline between two stations needs to be measured to calculate the size of the triangles by trigonometry. In the United States Public Land Survey ... | Baseline (surveying) | 0.798461 |
87,040 | {\displaystyle X_{i}.} In other words, the sets form a subbase for the topology on X . | Product topology | 0.798461 |
87,041 | But research shows that infants, who do not yet have such expansive knowledge of the world, have the same extended reaction to events that appear physically impossible. Such studies hypothesize that all people are born with an innate ability to understand the physical world. Smith and Cassati (1994) have reviewed the e... | Naïve physics | 0.798461 |
87,042 | In mathematics, the Bianchi classification provides a list of all real 3-dimensional Lie algebras (up to isomorphism). The classification contains 11 classes, 9 of which contain a single Lie algebra and two of which contain a continuum-sized family of Lie algebras. (Sometimes two of the groups are included in the infin... | Bianchi classification | 0.798461 |
87,043 | Evolutionary biologist Alan Templeton (2013) argued that multiple lines of evidence falsify the idea of a phylogenetic tree structure to human genetic diversity, and confirm the presence of gene flow among populations. Marks, Templeton, and Cavalli-Sforza all conclude that genetics does not provide evidence of human ra... | Racial classification | 0.798461 |
87,044 | In practice the point 0 is often transformed into the point ∞ of the Riemann sphere. This gives a version of the principle that applies to strips, for example bounded by two lines of constant real part in the complex plane. This special case is sometimes known as Lindelöf's theorem. Carlson's theorem is an application ... | Phragmén–Lindelöf principle | 0.79846 |
87,045 | One quality this explosive has, that PETN does not, is a positive oxygen balance, which means that ETN possesses more than enough oxygen in its structure to fully oxidize all of its carbon and hydrogen upon detonation. This can be seen in the schematic chemical equation below. 2 C4H6N4O12 → 8 CO2 + 6 H2O + 4 N2 + 1 O2W... | Erythritol tetranitrate | 0.79846 |
87,046 | Another program distributed through WordPerfect Corporation (and later through Novell) was DataPerfect for DOS, a fast and capable hierarchical database management system (DBMS) requiring as little as 300 KB of free DOS memory to run. It was written by Lew Bastian. In December 1995, Novell released DataPerfect as copyr... | WordPerfect | 0.79846 |
87,047 | The bubble chamber was invented by Donald A. Glaser of the United States in 1952, and for this, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1960. The bubble chamber similarly reveals the tracks of subatomic particles, but as trails of bubbles in a superheated liquid, usually liquid hydrogen. Bubble chambers can be mad... | Cloud chamber | 0.79846 |
87,048 | However, because organisms (including humans) can be carriers of genes for albinism without exhibiting any traits, albinistic offspring can be produced by two non-albinistic parents. Albinism usually occurs with equal frequency in both sexes. An exception to this is ocular albinism, which it is passed on to offspring t... | Albinism in humans | 0.79846 |
87,049 | Integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) involves the integration of experimental results, design models, simulations, and other computational data related to a variety of materials used in multiscale engineering and design. Central to the achievement of ICME goals has been the creation of a cyberinfrastru... | ICME cyberinfrastructure | 0.79846 |
87,050 | The trough battery was a variant of Alessandro Volta's voltaic pile and was designed by the Scottish professor of chemistry William Cruickshank in 1800. | Trough battery | 0.79846 |
87,051 | "Perturbation theory for projected states in the pairing force model, II. The Problem of Convergence". Nuclear Physics A. Elsevier BV. | Bülent Atalay | 0.79846 |
87,052 | Ernst Kraft Wilhelm Nußelt (Nusselt in English; November 25, 1882, in Nuremberg – September 1, 1957, in Munich) was a German engineer. Nusselt studied mechanical engineering at the Munich Technical University (Technische Universität München), where he got his doctorate in 1907. He taught in Dresden from 1913 to 1917. D... | Wilhelm Nusselt | 0.798459 |
87,053 | Cholestane can be extracted from samples and measured on the GC/MS to quantify relative abundance to other organic compounds. This measurement is done by extraction of the steranes into a non-polar solvent (e.g., dichloromethane or chloroform) and purified into a “saturates” fraction using silica gel column gas chromat... | Cholestane | 0.798459 |
87,054 | Ragdoll physics, destructible objects, realistic bullet ballistics and skeletal animation can all be found in the game. Bullets are affected by gravity, bounced against solid surfaces at oblique angles, and firearms are highly inaccurate when fired without aiming. To score consistent hits at medium or long range, playe... | X-Ray Engine | 0.798459 |
87,055 | This company was founded in 2013 by students Wouter Bruins (biology) and Wil Stutterheim (biomedical sciences) and, just like Seleggt, uses a small amount of liquid from the hatching egg and determines whether it is a male or female hatching egg by means of biomarker detection on the 9th day. By January 2020, In Ovo wa... | In-ovo sexing | 0.798459 |
87,056 | By the postulates of quantum mechanics, an experiment designed to measure the electron spin on the x, y, or z axis can only yield an eigenvalue of the corresponding spin operator (Sx, Sy or Sz) on that axis, i.e. ħ/2 or –ħ/2. The quantum state of a particle (with respect to spin), can be represented by a two-component ... | Atomic spin | 0.798459 |
87,057 | Korean Chemistry Olympiad(KChO,한국화학올림피아드) is a chemistry olympiad held by Korean Chemical Society (KCS). It is also one of the Korean Science Olympiad. The top four contestants of the KChO can join the International Chemistry Olympiad(IChO). | Korean Chemistry Olympiad | 0.798459 |
87,058 | Blair's systemic equivalence refers to the ability for multiple modules to perform approximately the same function within a system, while in biology a module as a homologue refers to different modules sharing approximately the same form or function in different organisms. The extreme of the module as homologue is found... | Modularity | 0.798459 |
87,059 | Furthermore, a natural preorder of elements of the underlying set of a topology is given by the so-called specialization order, that is actually a partial order if the topology is T0. Conversely, in order theory, one often makes use of topological results. There are various ways to define subsets of an order which can ... | Order theory | 0.798458 |
87,060 | In 1994, Bertram Brockhouse was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, for his pioneering work carried out in the NRX and NRU reactors in the 1950s. He gave birth to a scientific technique which is now used around the world.In 1996, AECL informed the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (then known as the Atomic Energy Cont... | National Research Universal reactor | 0.798458 |
87,061 | The techniques Fermat might have used in such a "marvelous proof" are unknown. Wiles and Taylor's proof relies on 20th-century techniques. Fermat's proof would have had to be elementary by comparison, given the mathematical knowledge of his time. While Harvey Friedman's grand conjecture implies that any provable theore... | Fermat’s Last Theorem | 0.798458 |
87,062 | A vector space is defined as a set of vectors (additive abelian group), a set of scalars (field), and a scalar multiplication operation that takes a scalar k and a vector v to form another vector kv. For example, in a coordinate space, the scalar multiplication k ( v 1 , v 2 , … , v n ) {\displaystyle k(v_{1},v_{2},\do... | Scalar (mathematics) | 0.798457 |
87,063 | In 1975 or 1976 the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers also became an author. By 1980 this database was also issued as INSPEC-Physics on various formats. It was also available as part of INSPEC database. Presently it is part of Inspec, Section A - Physics database. At the same time, the Physics Abstracts... | Inspec | 0.798457 |
87,064 | Researchers have utilized the nanoparticles to refine the grain for different alloys(e.g. Al alloy, Mg alloy, etc.) during solidification including casting, welding, 3D printing, etc. They can modify the grain size by serving as heterogeneous nucleation site or inhibiting grain growth during solidification. Nanoparticl... | Nanotech metallurgy | 0.798457 |
87,065 | Using available microgram quantities of einsteinium-253, over a million mendelevium atoms may be made each hour. The chemistry of mendelevium is typical for the late actinides, with a preponderance of the +3 oxidation state but also an accessible +2 oxidation state. All known isotopes of mendelevium have short half-liv... | Mendelevium | 0.798456 |
87,066 | They set up a new laboratory in the Department of Applied Physics, University of Hull. Dewhurst provided the laser-matter expertise and Palmer the ultrasound expertise. | Laser ultrasonics | 0.798456 |
87,067 | Thomas Joseph Robert Hughes (born 1943) is a Professor of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics and currently holds the Computational and Applied Mathematics Chair (III) at the Oden Institute at The University of Texas at Austin. Hughes has been listed as an ISI Highly Cited Author in Engineering by the ISI W... | Thomas J.R. Hughes | 0.798456 |
87,068 | "A designation "flow graph" that includes both the Mason graph and the Coates graph, and a variety of other forms of such graphs appears useful, and agrees with Abrahams and Coverley's and with Henley and Williams' approach.A directed network – also known as a flow network – is a particular type of flow graph. A networ... | Flow graph (mathematics) | 0.798456 |
87,069 | Thus the meet operation ∧ {\displaystyle \wedge } , if it exists, always is an upper adjoint. If both ∨ {\displaystyle \vee } and ∧ {\displaystyle \wedge } exist and, in addition, ∧ {\displaystyle \wedge } is also a lower adjoint, then the poset X is a Heyting algebra—another important special class of partial orders. ... | Completeness (order theory) | 0.798456 |
87,070 | Given a twice continuously differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} of one real variable, Taylor's theorem for the case n = 1 {\displaystyle n=1} states that where R 2 {\displaystyle R_{2}} is the remainder term. The linear approximation is obtained by dropping the remainder: This is a good approximation when x {\di... | Linear approximation | 0.798456 |
87,071 | Jens Franke (born 28 June 1964) is a German mathematician. He has held a chair at the University of Bonn's Hausdorff Center for Mathematics since 1992. Franke's research has covered various problems of number theory, algebraic geometry and analysis on locally symmetric spaces. Franke attended the University of Jena, wh... | Jens Franke | 0.798456 |
87,072 | The complete Cantor algebra is the complete Boolean algebra of Borel subsets of the reals modulo meager sets (Balcar & Jech 2006). It is isomorphic to the completion of the countable Cantor algebra. (The complete Cantor algebra is sometimes called the Cohen algebra, though "Cohen algebra" usually refers to a different ... | Cantor algebra | 0.798456 |
87,073 | In both cases, it is important to remember that the curve γ {\displaystyle \gamma } does not surround any "holes" in the domain, or else the theorem does not apply. A famous example is the following curve: which traces out the unit circle. Here the following integral: is nonzero. | Cauchy integral | 0.798456 |
87,074 | VASP is currently being developed by Georg Kresse; recent additions include the extension of methods frequently used in molecular quantum chemistry to periodic systems. VASP is currently used by more than 1400 research groups in academia and industry worldwide on the basis of software licence agreements with the Univer... | Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package | 0.798456 |
87,075 | The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) is a synchrotron light user facility located on the SLAC campus. Originally built for particle physics, it was used in experiments where the J/ψ meson was discovered. It is now used exclusively for materials science and biology experiments which take advantage of th... | SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory | 0.798455 |
87,076 | Neural Information Processing Systems (since 1987) Annual meeting of the Organization for Computational Neuroscience (since 1990/1992) Conference on Cognitive Computational Neuroscience (since 2017) Berstein Conference (since 2005) == References == | Computational and Systems Neuroscience | 0.798455 |
87,077 | The semi-implicit Euler method can be applied to a pair of differential equations of the form d x d t = f ( t , v ) d v d t = g ( t , x ) , {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}{dx \over dt}&=f(t,v)\\{dv \over dt}&=g(t,x),\end{aligned}}} where f and g are given functions. Here, x and v may be either scalars or vectors. The e... | Symplectic Euler method | 0.798455 |
87,078 | In machine learning, a Hyper basis function network, or HyperBF network, is a generalization of radial basis function (RBF) networks concept, where the Mahalanobis-like distance is used instead of Euclidean distance measure. Hyper basis function networks were first introduced by Poggio and Girosi in the 1990 paper “Net... | Hyper basis function network | 0.798455 |
87,079 | In mathematics, Borel–de Siebenthal theory describes the closed connected subgroups of a compact Lie group that have maximal rank, i.e. contain a maximal torus. It is named after the Swiss mathematicians Armand Borel and Jean de Siebenthal who developed the theory in 1949. Each such subgroup is the identity component o... | Borel–de Siebenthal theory | 0.798454 |
87,080 | It was also during this period that Knight's interests in biological systems began. Inspired in part by the work of Harold J. Morowitz, a Yale physicist and biologist, Knight studied biochemistry, genetics, and cellular biology, and set up a biology lab within the MIT AI Laboratory. In this lab he created the concept o... | Tom Knight (scientist) | 0.798454 |
87,081 | The activities of the Foundation for Technology Assessment TA-SWISS are further divided into two areas: 1. Studies (interdisciplinary scientific analyses) Recent studies have covered the following topics: Flexible new world of work (2014) Prenatal genetic diagnostics (2014) Synthetic Biology (2014) Deep geothermal ener... | TA-SWISS | 0.798454 |
87,082 | However, Descartes made no claim to originality and his audience would have been quite familiar with Euclid. Euclid's second proof in Book VI depends on the theory of similar triangles. Let AHB be a line segment of length a + b with AH = a and HB = b. Construct the circle with AB as diameter and let C be one of the two... | Complex square root | 0.798454 |
87,083 | Miriam Rafailovich received a Bachelor of Science degree from Brooklyn College in 1974 and a Ph.D in nuclear physics from SUNY Stony Brook in 1980. She speaks English, Romanian, Hebrew, Yiddish, French, and German. | Miriam Rafailovich | 0.798454 |
87,084 | 1958 – MS Chemistry from Hebrew University 1962 – PhD in Polymer science from the University of Akron | Nissim Calderon (scientist) | 0.798454 |
87,085 | Spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, and thus by composite particles such as hadrons, atomic nuclei, and atoms. : 183–184 Spin should not be understood as in the "rotating internal mass" sense: spin is a quantized wave property.The existence of electron spin angular momentum is... | Spin operator | 0.798453 |
87,086 | The included cryptanalytic contest has been won and the prize awarded, but the cyphertexts are still worth attempting. Bauer, F L, Decrypted Secrets, This book is unusual. It is both a history of cryptography, and a discussion of mathematical topics related to cryptography. | Applied Cryptography | 0.798453 |
87,087 | Coriolis effect Circulation Kelvin's circulation theorem Vorticity equation Thermal wind Geostrophic current Geostrophic wind Taylor–Proudman theorem Hydrostatic equilibrium Ekman spiral Ekman layer | Geophysical fluid dynamics | 0.798452 |
87,088 | There are further explanations in the next section with some mathematical expressions. In the recent research about strongly correlated material the tight binding approach is basic approximation because highly localized electrons like 3-d transition metal electrons sometimes display strongly correlated behaviors. In th... | Tight-binding model | 0.798452 |
87,089 | Using the various properties of molecules, such as the energy required to break bonds and the dipole moments of molecules, he established a scale and an associated numerical value for most of the elements — the Pauling Electronegativity Scale — which is useful in predicting the nature of bonds between atoms in molecule... | Linus Pauling | 0.798452 |
87,090 | Human behavior is influenced by biological and cultural elements. The structure and agency debate considers whether human behavior is predominantly led by individual human impulses or by external structural forces. Behavioral genetics considers how human behavior is affected by inherited traits. Though genes do not gua... | Human behavior | 0.798452 |
87,091 | Huxley's Actinozoa comprised the sea-anemones, corals and sea pens, on the one hand, and the Ctenophora (comb jellies) on the other.Modern biology confirms Huxley's criticism of De Blainville's Actinozoa, and upholds Hydrozoa, but it is now known that the Ctenophora are only distantly related to jellyfish and their rel... | Actinozoa | 0.798452 |
87,092 | In painting, photography, graphical perspective and descriptive geometry, a picture plane is an image plane located between the "eye point" (or oculus) and the object being viewed and is usually coextensive to the material surface of the work. It is ordinarily a vertical plane perpendicular to the sightline to the obje... | Picture plane | 0.798452 |
87,093 | Lujan's figure was based on ProPublica research, which in fact suggested that Facebook may even have 52,000 data points for many Facebook users. When Zuckerberg replied to his critics, he stated that because the revolutionary technology of Facebook (with 2.2 billion users worldwide) had ventured into previously unknown... | Fuzzy concept | 0.798451 |
87,094 | ISBN 978-0-691-02433-2. —; Northrop, Filmer (1999). Physics and Philosophy: The Revolution in Modern Science (Great Minds Series). | Werner Heisenberg | 0.798451 |
87,095 | Such an approach is called a spectral method. DCTs are also widely employed in solving partial differential equations by spectral methods, where the different variants of the DCT correspond to slightly different even/odd boundary conditions at the two ends of the array. Laplace transforms are used to solve partial diff... | Multidimensional transform | 0.798451 |
87,096 | Dwight G. Nishimura is the Addie and Al Macovski professor in the School of Engineering, and professor of Electrical Engineering at Stanford University. He leads the Magnetic Resonance Systems Research Laboratory (MRSRL), which designs improved MRI techniques and equipment. | Dwight Nishimura | 0.798451 |
87,097 | The expression for vector { X } {\displaystyle \{\ X\}} may be written as { X } = { X ′ } + { Δ X } {\displaystyle \{\ X\}=\{\ X'\}+\{\Delta \ X\}} The vector { X } {\displaystyle \{\ X\}} determination is related to minimization of the quadratic form Π {\displaystyle \ \Pi } by incremental vector { Δ X } {\displaystyl... | Stretched grid method | 0.798451 |
87,098 | In 2002, she joined her husband, Jamie Cate, at Berkeley, accepting a position as professor of biochemistry and molecular biology. Doudna also gained access to the synchrotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for her experiments with high powered x-ray diffraction.In 2009, she took a leave of absence from Berke... | Jennifer Doudna | 0.79845 |
87,099 | The cardioid is the special case in which the point generating the roulette lies on the rolling circle; the resulting curve has a cusp. Depending on the position of the point generating the curve, it may have inner and outer loops (giving the family its name), it may be heart-shaped, or it may be oval. A limaçon is a b... | Limaçon | 0.79845 |
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