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93,500 | Open science, the movement to make scientific research, data and dissemination accessible to all levels of an inquiring society, amateur or professional Open science data, a type of open data focused on publishing observations and results of scientific activities available for anyone to analyze and reuse Open Science F... | Open source model | 0.797129 |
93,501 | In computer science, software pipelining is a technique used to optimize loops, in a manner that parallels hardware pipelining. Software pipelining is a type of out-of-order execution, except that the reordering is done by a compiler (or in the case of hand written assembly code, by the programmer) instead of the proce... | Software pipelining | 0.797128 |
93,502 | In mathematics, particularly in mathematical logic and set theory, a club set is a subset of a limit ordinal that is closed under the order topology, and is unbounded (see below) relative to the limit ordinal. The name club is a contraction of "closed and unbounded". | Bounded (set theory) | 0.797128 |
93,503 | It is estimated that nearly one in three persons globally has at least one form of malnutrition: wasting, stunting, vitamin or mineral deficiency, overweight, obesity, or diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Undernutrition is more common in developing countries. Stunting is more prevalent in urban slums than in rural... | Deficiency disease | 0.797128 |
93,504 | In algebraic geometry, an elliptic singularity of a surface, introduced by Wagreich (1970), is a surface singularity such that the arithmetic genus of its local ring is 1. | Elliptic singularity | 0.797128 |
93,505 | Other Simons' paper, on role of lipid rafts in the signal transduction is second highest cited work and Simons is fourth highest cited scientist in the field of signal transduction. Kai Simons was also recognized by ISI Web of Knowledge, as one of the most cited scientist ever. In subsequent years, Simons continued to ... | Kai Simons | 0.797128 |
93,506 | The modular automorphism group of a von Neumann algebra M depends on the choice of state φ. Connes discovered that changing the state does not change the image of the modular automorphism in the outer automorphism group of M. More precisely, given two faithful states φ and ψ of M, we can find unitary elements ut of M f... | Tomita–Takesaki theory | 0.797127 |
93,507 | P.R. Girard's 1984 essay The quaternion group and modern physics discusses some roles of quaternions in physics. The essay shows how various physical covariance groups, namely SO(3), the Lorentz group, the general theory of relativity group, the Clifford algebra SU(2) and the conformal group, can easily be related to t... | Hamilton quaternions | 0.797127 |
93,508 | The study of multiway data analysis was first formalized as the result of a conference held in 1988. The result of this conference was the first text specifically addressed to this field, Coppi and Bolasco's Multiway Data Analysis. At that time, the application areas for multiway analysis included statistics, econometr... | Multiway data analysis | 0.797127 |
93,509 | The consistency of the axiom of determinacy is closely related to the question of the consistency of large cardinal axioms. By a theorem of Woodin, the consistency of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without choice (ZF) together with the axiom of determinacy is equivalent to the consistency of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory wi... | Axiom of determinacy | 0.797127 |
93,510 | Object database management systems grew out of research during the early to mid-1970s into having intrinsic database management support for graph-structured objects. The term "object-oriented database system" first appeared around 1985. Notable research projects included Encore-Ob/Server (Brown University), EXODUS (Uni... | Object-oriented database management system | 0.797127 |
93,511 | The first fundamental theorem is said to capture the logic of Adam Smith's invisible hand, though in general there is no reason to suppose that the "best" Pareto efficient point (of which there are a set) will be selected by the market without intervention, only that some such point will be.The second fundamental theor... | Welfare economics | 0.797126 |
93,512 | As we know from elementary quantum mechanics two simultaneously commuting observables can be measured simultaneously. We have therefore correctly implemented Lorentz invariance for the Dirac field, and preserved causality. More complicated field theories involving interactions (such as Yukawa theory, or quantum electro... | Fermionic fields | 0.797126 |
93,513 | At UCLA, he had the opportunity to work with Eliahu I. Jury, a Rufus Oldenburger laureate on discrete time systems, and in 1963 he returned to India to join the Electrical Engineering department of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur as an assistant professor. He served the institute till 1981 during which perio... | Mangalore Anantha Pai | 0.797126 |
93,514 | This article summarizes several identities in exterior calculus. | Exterior calculus identities | 0.797126 |
93,515 | Edgington, Dorothy (2006), "Indicative Conditionals", Conditionals, Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University in Edward N. Zalta (ed. ), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Etchemendy, John (1990), The Concept of Logical Consequence, Harvard University Press. | Logical consequence | 0.797126 |
93,516 | There are also universality theorems for certain sets of well-known gates; such a universality theorem exists, for instance, for the pair consisting of the single qubit phase gate Uθ mentioned above (for a suitable value of θ), together with the 2-qubit CNOT gate WCNOT. However, the universality theorem for the quantum... | Quantum circuit | 0.797125 |
93,517 | If G is a simple loopless graph, then H = ( V ( G ) , E ( G ) ) {\displaystyle H=(V(G),E(G))} is a clutter (if edges are treated as unordered pairs of vertices) and b ( H ) {\displaystyle b(H)} is the collection of all minimal vertex covers. Here ν ( H ) {\displaystyle \nu (H)} is the size of the largest matching and τ... | Sperner family | 0.797125 |
93,518 | In mathematics, the Neukirch–Uchida theorem shows that all problems about algebraic number fields can be reduced to problems about their absolute Galois groups. Jürgen Neukirch (1969) showed that two algebraic number fields with the same absolute Galois group are isomorphic, and Kôji Uchida (1976) strengthened this by ... | Neukirch–Uchida theorem | 0.797125 |
93,519 | Levoglucosan (C6H10O5) is an organic compound with a six-carbon ring structure formed from the pyrolysis of carbohydrates, such as starch and cellulose. As a result, levoglucosan is often used as a chemical tracer for biomass burning in atmospheric chemistry studies, particularly with respect to airborne particulate ma... | Levoglucosan | 0.797125 |
93,520 | In numerical linear algebra, the Gauss–Seidel method, also known as the Liebmann method or the method of successive displacement, is an iterative method used to solve a system of linear equations. It is named after the German mathematicians Carl Friedrich Gauss and Philipp Ludwig von Seidel, and is similar to the Jacob... | Gauss–Seidel method | 0.797125 |
93,521 | Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 32 (9): 2619–2626. doi:10.1107/S0567740876008376. | Alexander F. Wells | 0.797125 |
93,522 | Howard showed that the correspondence extends to other connectives of the logic and other constructions of simply typed lambda calculus. Seen at an abstract level, the correspondence can then be summarized as shown in the following table. Especially, it also shows that the notion of normal forms in lambda calculus matc... | Curry-Howard equivalence | 0.797124 |
93,523 | A ketosamine is a combination of two organic chemistry functional groups, ketose and amine. An example is the family of fructosamines which are recognized by fructosamine-3-kinase, which may trigger the degradation of advanced glycation end-products (though the true clinical significance of this pathway is unclear). Fr... | Ketosamine | 0.797124 |
93,524 | In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the disjoint union of graphs is an operation that combines two or more graphs to form a larger graph. It is analogous to the disjoint union of sets, and is constructed by making the vertex set of the result be the disjoint union of the vertex sets of the given graphs, and by ma... | Disjoint union of graphs | 0.797124 |
93,525 | According to the College Board, Calculus BC is a full-year course in the calculus of functions of a single variable. It includes all topics covered in Calculus AB plus additional topics...Students who take an AP Calculus course should do so with the intention of placing out of a comparable college calculus course. | AP Calculus | 0.797124 |
93,526 | Safari (web browser) – SAIL – Script kiddie – Scripting language – SCSI – Second-generation programming language – Secure Sockets Layer – sed – Self (or SELF) – Semaphore (programming) – Sequential access – SETL – Shareware – Shell script – Shellcode – SIMD – Simula – Sircam – Slide rule – SLIP – SLR parser – Smalltalk... | Index of computing articles | 0.797124 |
93,527 | Balti cuisine becomes nationally renowned, after initial growth in the city during the late 1980s. Today Balti restaurants are extremely popular throughout Britain and abroad. Sir John Robert Vane, winner of a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982 for his work on aspirin, is educated at King Edward's School and... | Science and invention in Birmingham | 0.797124 |
93,528 | A formal system (also called a logical calculus, or a logical system) consists of a formal language together with a deductive apparatus (also called a deductive system). The deductive apparatus may consist of a set of transformation rules (also called inference rules) or a set of axioms, or have both. A formal system i... | Formal proof | 0.797124 |
93,529 | This deviation of the Weber's law is known as the "near miss" of the Weber's law. This term was coined by McGill and Goldberg in their paper of 1968 in Perception & Psychophysics. Their study consisted of intensity discrimination in pure tones. Further studies have shown that the near miss is observed in noise stimuli ... | Weber-Fechner Law | 0.797123 |
93,530 | In molecular biology, SNORA32 (also known as ACA32) is a member of the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNA that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines. | Small nucleolar RNA SNORA32 | 0.797123 |
93,531 | PhD. Integrative Conservation (ICON) Program. Undergraduate Certificates in Sustainability, Environmental Ethics, and Conservation Ecology. | Environmental anthropology | 0.797123 |
93,532 | The control magnetic flux applied to the coupler loop switches the coupling on and off, as implemented, for example, in the D-Wave Systems machines. The second method of coupling utilizes an intermediate microwave cavity resonator, commonly implemented in a coplanar waveguide geometry. By tuning the energy separation o... | Flux qubit | 0.797123 |
93,533 | The Curtis–Hedlund–Lyndon theorem is a mathematical characterization of cellular automata in terms of their symbolic dynamics. It is named after Morton L. Curtis, Gustav A. Hedlund, and Roger Lyndon; in his 1969 paper stating the theorem, Hedlund credited Curtis and Lyndon as co-discoverers. It has been called "one of ... | Curtis–Hedlund–Lyndon theorem | 0.797123 |
93,534 | In seven-dimensional Euclidean geometry, the quarter 8-cubic honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). It has half the vertices of the 8-demicubic honeycomb, and a quarter of the vertices of a 8-cube honeycomb. Its facets are 8-demicubes h{4,36}, pentic 8-cubes h6{4,36}, {3,3}×{32,1,1} and {31,1... | Quarter 8-cubic honeycomb | 0.797123 |
93,535 | In Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast), the transcriptional regulation of the INO1 gene encoding inositol-3-phosphate synthase has been studied in detail and its expression is sensitive to the availability of phospholipid precursors as well as growth phase. The regulation of the structural gene encoding 1L-myo-ino... | Inositol-3-phosphate synthase | 0.797123 |
93,536 | Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical genomes, either by natural or artificial means. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction; this reproduction of an organism by itself without a mate is known as parthenogenesis. In the field of biotechnology, cloning is ... | Cell cloning | 0.797123 |
93,537 | {\displaystyle V={\frac {n}{12}}hs^{2}\cot {\frac {\pi }{n}}.} The formula can also be derived exactly without calculus for pyramids with rectangular bases. | Geometric pyramid | 0.797122 |
93,538 | While thousands of communities have adopted the cameras without debate, a few communities have had heated debates about whether Flock Safety cameras will protect the community or cause harm, especially to minorities. The Electronic Frontier Foundation argues that ALPRs like Flock may create more problems than they solv... | Flock Safety | 0.797122 |
93,539 | in Chemical Rubber Company handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 79th edition, 1998. J.A. Dean (ed) in Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA, 14th edition, 1992. | Electrical resistivities of the elements (data page) | 0.797122 |
93,540 | In mathematics, a topological space is, roughly speaking, a geometrical space in which closeness is defined but cannot necessarily be measured by a numeric distance. More specifically, a topological space is a set whose elements are called points, along with an additional structure called a topology, which can be defin... | Topological structure | 0.797122 |
93,541 | The cellular approximation theorem says that every map between CW complexes is homotopic to a cellular map between them. 3. The cellular homology is the (canonical) homology of a CW complex. | Singular simplicial complex | 0.797122 |
93,542 | The main topics of the conference include (this list is not exhaustive): Graphics and multimedia: Geometry modeling and processing Photorealistic rendering techniques Scientific visualization Image-based techniques Computer graphics for mobile devices Computer graphics hardware Graphics in computer games Animation and ... | GraphiCon | 0.797121 |
93,543 | Pascal Hitzler is a German American computer scientist specializing in Semantic Web and Artificial Intelligence. He is endowed Lloyd T. Smith Creativity in Engineering Chair and Director of the Center for Artificial Intelligence and Data Science at Kansas State University, and the founding Editor-in-Chief of the Semant... | Pascal Hitzler | 0.797121 |
93,544 | Diamond v. Chakrabarty, 447 U.S. 303 (1980), was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with whether living organisms can be patented. Writing for a five-justice majority, Chief Justice Warren E. Burger held that human-made bacteria could be patented under the patent laws of the United States because such an invent... | Diamond v. Chakrabarty | 0.797121 |
93,545 | His main works are in optics, plasma physics, physics of crystals, theory of gravitation, and statistical physics. | Anatoly Vlasov | 0.797121 |
93,546 | Manjul Bhargava (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds Adjunct Professorships at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, the Ind... | Manjul Bhargava | 0.797121 |
93,547 | It is sometimes claimed that Koopmans' theorem also allows the calculation of electron affinities as the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) of the respective systems. However, Koopmans' original paper makes no claim with regard to the significance of eigenvalues of the Fock operator other than th... | Koopmans' theorem | 0.797121 |
93,548 | Supplemento al Nuovo Cimento (1949–1968): A supplement to Nuovo Cimento Lettere al Nuovo Cimento (1969–1986): A series for letters and other short publications. The journal ended when it was merged into Europhysics Letters in 1986. Rivista del Nuovo Cimento (1969–present): Publishes review articles. | Nuovo Cimento | 0.797121 |
93,549 | This can easily be proved using Hall's marriage theorem. In fact, the Birkhoff polytope is compressed, which is a much stronger statement. All order polytopes are known to be compressed. This implies that these polytopes are normal. | Normal polytope | 0.797121 |
93,550 | If S and T are topological spheres in Euclidean space, with S contained in T, then it is not true in general that the region between them is an annulus, because of the existence of wild spheres in dimension at least 3. So the annulus theorem has to be stated to exclude these examples, by adding some condition to ensure... | Annulus theorem | 0.797121 |
93,551 | In mathematical physics, the ODE/IM correspondence is a link between ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and integrable models. It was first found in 1998 by Patrick Dorey and Roberto Tateo. In this original setting it relates the spectrum of a certain integrable model of magnetism known as the XXZ-model to solution... | ODE/IM correspondence | 0.79712 |
93,552 | The difference in phase between the two waves is determined by the difference in the distance travelled by the two waves. If the viewing distance is large compared with the separation of the slits (the far field), the phase difference can be found using the geometry shown in the figure. The path difference between two ... | Fraunhofer limit | 0.79712 |
93,553 | Given a canonical basis consisting of orthonormal vectors e i {\displaystyle e_{i}} of V {\displaystyle V} , the set of all 2 {\displaystyle 2} -vectors is spanned by { e 3 e 2 , e 1 e 3 , e 2 e 1 } . {\displaystyle \{e_{3}e_{2},e_{1}e_{3},e_{2}e_{1}\}.} Labelling these i {\displaystyle i} , j {\displaystyle j} and k {... | Geometric algebra | 0.79712 |
93,554 | Mathematical statistics is the application of probability theory, a branch of mathematics, to statistics, as opposed to techniques for collecting statistical data. Specific mathematical techniques which are used for this include mathematical analysis, linear algebra, stochastic analysis, differential equations, and mea... | Mathematical Statistics | 0.79712 |
93,555 | The complexity of the pre-processing needed before differencing varies with the type of image, but is essential to ensure good subtraction of static features. This is commonly used in fields such as time-domain astronomy (known primarily as difference imaging) to find objects that fluctuate in brightness or move. In au... | Image differencing | 0.79712 |
93,556 | Although OmpX has the same beta-sheet topology as the structurally related outer membrane protein A (OmpA) InterPro: IPR000498, their barrels differ with respect to the shear numbers and internal hydrogen-bonding networks. OspA from Borrelia burgdorferi is an unusual outer surface protein, it has two globular domains w... | Virulence-related outer membrane protein family | 0.797119 |
93,557 | In physics, deflection is a change in a moving object's velocity, hence its trajectory, as a consequence of contact (collision) with a surface or the influence of a non-contact force field. Examples of the former include a ball bouncing off the ground or a bat; examples of the latter include a beam of electrons used to... | Deflection (physics) | 0.797119 |
93,558 | There are two well-known uniqueness theorems for graph C*-algebras: the gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem and the Cuntz-Krieger uniqueness theorem. The uniqueness theorems are fundamental results in the study of graph C*-algebras, and they serve as cornerstones of the theory. Each provides sufficient conditions for a ... | Graph C*-algebra | 0.797119 |
93,559 | In mathematics, specifically in homology theory and algebraic topology, cohomology is a general term for a sequence of abelian groups, usually one associated with a topological space, often defined from a cochain complex. Cohomology can be viewed as a method of assigning richer algebraic invariants to a space than homo... | Generalized homology theory | 0.797119 |
93,560 | In this language, Gentzen's work establishes that the proof-theoretic ordinal of first-order Peano arithmetic is ε0. Laurence Kirby and Jeff Paris proved in 1982 that Goodstein's theorem cannot be proven in Peano arithmetic. Their proof was based on Gentzen's theorem. | Gentzen's consistency proof | 0.797119 |
93,561 | Neidle has worked in the area of academic drug discovery and has been heavily involved in the development of drugs which recognise DNA. One of the anticancer drugs which he has been involved in developing has been abiraterone, which is used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. More recently he and his collabor... | Stephen Neidle | 0.797118 |
93,562 | J. Edwards (1892). Differential Calculus. London: MacMillan and Co. p. | Differential calculus | 0.797118 |
93,563 | The Center for Cancer and Cell Biology is led by Bart Williams. It is the largest center at the institute. | Van Andel Institute | 0.797118 |
93,564 | In operator theory, von Neumann's inequality, due to John von Neumann, states that, for a fixed contraction T, the polynomial functional calculus map is itself a contraction. | Von Neumann's inequality | 0.797118 |
93,565 | In the late 13th century Ramon Llull had the ambition to account for all wisdom in every branch of human knowledge of the time. For that purpose he developed a general method or 'Ars generalis' based on binary combinations of a number of simple basic principles or categories, for which he has been considered a predeces... | Binary system (numeral) | 0.797118 |
93,566 | Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics of classical gases (systems of non-interacting particles) In particle systems, many particles share the same space and regularly change places with each other; the single-particle state space they occupy is a shared space. Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics give the expected number of particles f... | Gibbs distribution | 0.797118 |
93,567 | The College of Engineering includes seven engineering departments (Biomedical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, Engineering and Public Policy, Mechanical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering), two interdisciplinary institutes (the ... | Discoveries and innovation of the Carnegie Mellon University | 0.797118 |
93,568 | The exponential objects are equipped with the (convergent sequence)-open topology. P.I. Booth and A. Tillotson have shown that Seq is the smallest Cartesian closed subcategory of Top containing the underlying topological spaces of all metric spaces, CW-complexes, and differentiable manifolds and that is closed under co... | Sequential closure | 0.797117 |
93,569 | In 1963, he was elected Deputy Academician-Secretary of the Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Chemistry of Physiologically Active Compounds of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in 1970 — Academician-Secretary of the department, in 1971 — Vice-president of the USSR Academy of Sciences and Chairman of the Section of... | Andrey Belozersky | 0.797117 |
93,570 | This anisotropy can be further enhanced by prescribing extrusion pathways that remain parallel throughout the manufacturing process; conversely, prescribing extrusion pathways that exhibit differing orientations, such as 90° “logpile” rotation between layers, can mitigate this effect.Selection of deposition pathing can... | Direct ink writing | 0.797117 |
93,571 | Finally, he accepted the position of professor of mathematics and Director of the Mathematics Research Group at Alabama State University. Kim additionally taught at institutions abroad, in Portugal and India, as well as attending many international conferences, including those in China and Hungary, particularly the con... | Ki-Hang Kim | 0.797117 |
93,572 | The Swiss company GlycArt Biotechnology developed a system using CHO cells, where the cells were engineered to overexpress an enzyme called GnTIII. The effect of this overexpression is to block the formation of fucosylated oligosaccharides on the expressed antibodies. This technology was first reported in 1999 and was ... | Afucosylated monoclonal antibodies | 0.797117 |
93,573 | In the US, a team led by Schlesinger developed the basic chemistry of the anionic boron hydrides and the related aluminium hydrides. Schlesinger's work laid the foundation for a host of boron hydride reagents for organic synthesis, most of which were developed by his student Herbert C. Brown. Borane-based reagents are ... | Boron hydrides | 0.797116 |
93,574 | Reproduction is a defining characteristic of all life, and every individual organism exists as the result of a reproductive event. There are two general methods by which reproduction takes place: sexual or asexual. reproductive biology The branch of biology that studies the various types and mechanisms of reproduction ... | Glossary of biology | 0.797116 |
93,575 | In the 1970s, Abraham Moles and Frieder Nake analyzed links between beauty, information processing, and information theory. In the 1990s, Jürgen Schmidhuber formulated a mathematical theory of observer-dependent subjective beauty based on algorithmic information theory: the most beautiful objects among subjectively com... | Mathematical elegance | 0.797116 |
93,576 | The analytical definitions are seen to be equivalent, if it is agreed that the circumference of the circle is measured as a rectifiable curve by means of the integral C = 2 ∫ − R R R d x R 2 − x 2 = 2 R ∫ − 1 1 d x 1 − x 2 . {\displaystyle C=2\int _{-R}^{R}{\frac {R\,dx}{\sqrt {R^{2}-x^{2}}}}=2R\int _{-1}^{1}{\frac {dx... | Area of a circle | 0.797116 |
93,577 | The Viterbi algorithm is named after Andrew Viterbi, who proposed it in 1967 as a decoding algorithm for convolutional codes over noisy digital communication links. It has, however, a history of multiple invention, with at least seven independent discoveries, including those by Viterbi, Needleman and Wunsch, and Wagner... | Viterbi Algorithm | 0.797116 |
93,578 | An algebra A over a field K is in particular a K-vector space and so one can consider the associative algebra EndK(A) of K-linear vector space endomorphism of A. We can associate to the algebra structure on A two subalgebras of EndK(A), the derivation algebra and the (associative) enveloping algebra. | Non-associative algebra | 0.797116 |
93,579 | Returning to the United States, Compton was appointed Wayman Crow Professor of Physics, and head of the department of physics at Washington University in St. Louis in 1920. In 1922, he found that X-ray quanta scattered by free electrons had longer wavelengths and, in accordance with Planck's relation, less energy than ... | Arthur Compton | 0.797115 |
93,580 | Literature searches that would previously take days or weeks to retrieve the result, now take seconds via the ADS search engine, which is custom-built for astronomical needs. Studies have found that the monetary benefit to astronomy that the ADS saves, is equivalent to several hundred million US dollars annually (2005)... | Astrophysics Data System | 0.797115 |
93,581 | Lord Kelvin suggested that the derivation of the equipartition theorem must be incorrect, since it disagreed with experiment, but was unable to show how. In 1900 Lord Rayleigh instead put forward a more radical view that the equipartition theorem and the experimental assumption of thermal equilibrium were both correct;... | Equipartition Theorem | 0.797115 |
93,582 | A sesquilinear form φ is nondegenerate if φ(x, y) = 0 for all y in V (if and) only if x = 0. To achieve full generality of this statement, and since every desarguesian projective geometry may be coordinatized by a division ring, Reinhold Baer extended the definition of a sesquilinear form to a division ring, which requ... | Sesquilinear form | 0.797115 |
93,583 | The International Journal of Number Theory was established in 2005 and is published by World Scientific. It covers number theory, encompassing areas such as analytic number theory, diophantine equations, and modular forms. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 0.674. | International Journal of Number Theory | 0.797115 |
93,584 | Then he joined the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science in Saarbrücken shortly after it was founded in 1991. Until 2004 he was the Director of the Programming Logics department of the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science and honorary professor at Saarland University. His research group created the SPASS autom... | Harald Ganzinger | 0.797115 |
93,585 | By virtue of the Cayley–Hamilton theorem the matrix exponential is expressible as a polynomial of order n−1. If P and Qt are nonzero polynomials in one variable, such that P(A) = 0, and if the meromorphic function is entire, then To prove this, multiply the first of the two above equalities by P(z) and replace z by A. ... | Matrix exponentiation | 0.797115 |
93,586 | It consists of 400 pages in paper, in which there are two columns that form 900 sheets in current transcription and nearly 1200 in translation to the Spanish. It contains the following writings: Eight books of physics; On Generation and Corruption; On the meteors; On the soul; On the sky.Titled exactly like the Aristot... | Physica speculatio | 0.797115 |
93,587 | In his formula "technique of intersecting circles", he created an approximation of the arc of a circle s given the diameter d, sagitta v, and length of the chord c subtending the arc, the length of which he approximated as s = c + 2v2/d. Restivo writes that Shen's work in the lengths of arcs of circles provided the bas... | Shen Kuo | 0.797114 |
93,588 | From it, R.read() → a →H R.read() → b and R.write(1) →H R.write(0), it is not possible to have π (R.read() → b) =R.write(1) and π (R.read() → a) = R.write(0) if the execution is atomic. To prove the theorem above, first it must be proven that the register is safe, regular and that it does not allow for new/old inversio... | Regular semantics | 0.797114 |
93,589 | Gyrolite is also mentioned as a rare calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) phase in cement chemistry textbooks with a simplified formulation: Ca8(Si4O10)3(OH)4 · ~6 H2O, which is consistent with the general formulation given here above, but does not consider the isomorphic substitution of one silicon atom by one aluminum an... | Gyrolite | 0.797114 |
93,590 | If X is a Borel G space and x ∈ X, then the fixed point subgroup G x = { g ∈ G: g ⋅ x = x } {\displaystyle G_{x}=\{g\in G:g\cdot x=x\}} is a closed subgroup of G. Since we are only assuming the action of G on X is Borel, this fact is non-trivial. To prove it, one can use the fact that a standard Borel G-space can be im... | Mackey theory | 0.797114 |
93,591 | The three-dimensional quartic is foundational for modern research in birational geometry.In the 1970s Iskovskikh applied the method of maximal singularities to prove important theorems on birational maps of several classes of Fano threefolds. The theorems provided general principles for birational classification in dim... | Vasilii Iskovskikh | 0.797113 |
93,592 | Numerous procedures in biology and medicine require the counting of cells. By the counting of cells in a known small volume, the concentration can be mediated. Examples of the need for cell counting include: In medicine, the concentration of various blood cells, such as red blood cells and white blood cells, can give c... | Cell counting | 0.797113 |
93,593 | Since the version 4 (released in April 2005) GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection, makes extensive use of SSA. The frontends generate "GENERIC" code that is then converted into "GIMPLE" code by the "gimplifier". High-level optimizations are then applied on the SSA form of "GIMPLE". | Static single-assignment form | 0.797113 |
93,594 | As layer width grows large, many Bayesian neural networks reduce to a Gaussian process with a closed form compositional kernel. This Gaussian process is called the Neural Network Gaussian Process (NNGP). It allows predictions from Bayesian neural networks to be more efficiently evaluated, and provides an analytic tool ... | Gaussian Processes | 0.797113 |
93,595 | In computer science, message passing is a technique for invoking behavior (i.e., running a program) on a computer. The invoking program sends a message to a process (which may be an actor or object) and relies on that process and its supporting infrastructure to then select and run some appropriate code. Message passin... | Message Passing | 0.797113 |
93,596 | . , x k {\displaystyle x_{1},..,x_{k}} because, although the syzygy module depends on the chosen generating set, most of its properties are independent; see § Stable properties, below. If the ring R is Noetherian, or, at least coherent, and if M is finitely generated, then the syzygy module is also finitely generated. ... | Linear relation | 0.797112 |
93,597 | Even though the idea of using computers in medicine emerged as technology advanced in the early 20th century, it was not until the 1950s that informatics began to have an effect in the United States.The earliest use of electronic digital computers for medicine was for dental projects in the 1950s at the United States N... | Health management information system | 0.797112 |
93,598 | In algebraic geometry, especially when R is the local ring of a scheme at some point P, R / m is called the residue field of the local ring or residue field of the point P. If (R, m) and (S, n) are local rings, then a local ring homomorphism from R to S is a ring homomorphism f: R → S with the property f(m) ⊆ n. These ... | Local ring homomorphism | 0.797112 |
93,599 | {\displaystyle y_{m}\in \mathbb {R} ^{I_{0}\times I_{1}\times ..\times I_{C}}.} This use of tensors to replace unit values is common in convolutional neural networks where each unit might be an image processed through multiple layers. By embedding the data in tensors such network structures enable learning of complex d... | Tensor (machine learning) | 0.797112 |
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