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93,900 | The Fourier inversion theorem provides a synthesis process that recreates the original function from its frequency domain representation. A key to interpreting Eq.1 is that the effect of multiplying f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(x)} by e − i 2 π ξ x {\displaystyle e^{-i2\pi \xi x}} is to subtract ξ {\displaystyle \xi } from... | Table of Fourier transforms | 0.797054 |
93,901 | Like other tasks in computer vision such as recognition and detection, recent neural network based retrieval algorithms are susceptible to adversarial attacks, both as candidate and the query attacks. It is shown that retrieved ranking could be dramatically altered with only small perturbations imperceptible to human b... | Content-based image retrieval | 0.797053 |
93,902 | If this were not true, then one could violate the first law of thermodynamics. Hess's law allows the enthalpy change (ΔH) for a reaction to be calculated even when it cannot be measured directly. This is accomplished by performing basic algebraic operations based on the chemical equations of reactions using previously ... | Hess's Law | 0.797053 |
93,903 | Lyman became an assistant professor in physics at Harvard, where he remained, becoming full professor in 1917, and where he was also director of the Jefferson Physical Laboratory (1908–17). He made important studies in phenomena connected with diffraction gratings, on the wavelengths of vacuum ultraviolet light discove... | Theodore Lyman IV | 0.797053 |
93,904 | A5/1 • A5/2 • ABA digital signature guidelines • ABC (stream cipher) • Abraham Sinkov • Acoustic cryptanalysis • Adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack • Adaptive chosen plaintext and chosen ciphertext attack • Advantage (cryptography) • ADFGVX cipher • Adi Shamir • Advanced Access Content System • Advanced Encryption Stand... | Index of cryptography articles | 0.797053 |
93,905 | He pioneered the use of "conformal translation" in this context, thereby preserving the distinctions between different conceptions of what had been regarded as equivalent mathematical operations. He concluded, for example, the Babylonian mathematics includes two different additions and at least four different multiplic... | Jens Høyrup | 0.797053 |
93,906 | In mathematical physics and gauge theory, the ADHM construction or monad construction is the construction of all instantons using methods of linear algebra by Michael Atiyah, Vladimir Drinfeld, Nigel Hitchin, Yuri I. Manin in their paper "Construction of Instantons." | ADHM construction | 0.797052 |
93,907 | Because microdispensing does not require direct contact with the substrate surfaces, this technique can utilitze surfaces with delicate micro- or nanotopology that could be destroyed by contact. It is possible to vary the amount of protein deposited by dispensing more or less droplets. An advantage of microdispensing i... | Nerve guidance conduit | 0.797052 |
93,908 | Power is a scalar quantity. Power factorIn electrical engineering, the power factor of an AC power system is defined as the ratio of the real power absorbed by the load to the apparent power flowing in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of −1 to 1. A power factor of less than one indicate... | Glossary of engineering: M–Z | 0.797052 |
93,909 | Archibald Scott Couper independently arrived at the idea of self-linking of carbon atoms (his paper appeared in June 1858), and provided the first molecular formulas where lines symbolize bonds connecting the atoms. For organic chemists, the theory of structure provided dramatic new clarity of understanding, and a reli... | August Kekulé | 0.797052 |
93,910 | Since March 2018, 100 VDL Citea articulated electric buses operated by Connexxion have served Schiphol airport. The buses have a battery capacity of 170 kWh and a range of 80 kilometres. They are charged during the day by Heliox 450 kW fast chargers, taking between 15 and 25 minutes. Overnight, 30 kW slow charges take ... | Electric bus | 0.797051 |
93,911 | In geometry, the gyroelongated pyramids (also called augmented antiprisms) are an infinite set of polyhedra, constructed by adjoining an n-gonal pyramid to an n-gonal antiprism. There are two gyroelongated pyramids that are Johnson solids made from regular triangles and square, and pentagons. A triangular and hexagonal... | Gyroelongated pyramid | 0.797051 |
93,912 | Data-driven models are a class of computational models that primarily rely on historical data collected throughout a system's or process' lifetime to establish relationships between input, internal, and output variables. Commonly found in numerous articles and publications, data-driven models have evolved from earlier ... | Data-driven model | 0.797051 |
93,913 | Kumar, A., et al. "Sustainability in Environmental Engineering and Science." (2021): 253–262. Kameni Ngounou, M. Bernard, et al. "Corrigendum to “Coagulation and Sedimentation of Concentrated Laterite Suspensions: Comparison of Hydrolyzing Salts in Presence of Grewia spp. Biopolymer”." | National Environmental Engineering Research Institute | 0.797051 |
93,914 | Debate over classification schemes on the mechanisms of speciation and reproductive isolation continue. The 21st century has seen a resurgence in the study of speciation, with new techniques such as molecular phylogenetics and systematics. Speciation has largely been divided into discrete modes that correspond to rates... | History of speciation | 0.797051 |
93,915 | De novo assembly from deeply sequenced metagenomes and single-cell genome sequencing are the two best ways for studying uncultivated Roseobacters without producing an unacceptable level of false positive results. It is found that genomic analyses focusing on cultured Roseobacters can potentially bias our view of the li... | Roseobacter | 0.797051 |
93,916 | In microbiology, xenophagy is the process by which a cell directs autophagy against pathogens, as reflected in the study of antiviral defenses. Cellular xenophagy is an innate component of immune responses, though the general importance of xenophagy is not yet certain. In ecology, allotrophy is also reflected in eutrop... | Xenophagy | 0.797051 |
93,917 | : xxv Toulmin's ideas pertaining to argument were a radical import to argumentation theory because, in part, he contributes a model, and because he contributes greatly to rhetoric and its subfield, rhetoric of science, by providing a model of analysis (data, warrants) to show that what is argued on a subject is in effe... | Rhetoric of science | 0.79705 |
93,918 | This is known as the independent electron approximation. Bloch's theorem relies on this approximation by setting the effective potential term to a periodic potential of the form V ( r ) {\displaystyle V(\mathbf {r} )} which satisfies V ( r + R j ) = V ( r ) {\displaystyle V(\mathbf {r} +\mathbf {R} _{j})=V(\mathbf {r} ... | Independent electron approximation | 0.79705 |
93,919 | The functions should be smooth but need not be convex. SNOPT is used in several trajectory optimization software packages, including Copernicus, AeroSpace Trajectory Optimization and Software (ASTOS), General Mission Analysis Tool, and Optimal Trajectories by Implicit Simulation (OTIS). It is also available in the Astr... | SNOPT | 0.79705 |
93,920 | In geometry, the small stellated dodecahedron is a Kepler-Poinsot polyhedron, named by Arthur Cayley, and with Schläfli symbol {5⁄2,5}. It is one of four nonconvex regular polyhedra. It is composed of 12 pentagrammic faces, with five pentagrams meeting at each vertex. It shares the same vertex arrangement as the convex... | Order-5 pentagrammic tiling | 0.797049 |
93,921 | Papers, University of Queensland, Department of Chemistry. 1(9). Jones, T. G. H., & Oakes, H. C. | Thomas Gilbert Henry Jones | 0.797049 |
93,922 | A particularly important discrete subgroup of the Möbius group is the modular group; it is central to the theory of many fractals, modular forms, elliptic curves and Pellian equations. Möbius transformations can be more generally defined in spaces of dimension n > 2 as the bijective conformal orientation-preserving map... | Möbius transformation | 0.797049 |
93,923 | Earman, John (2007). "ASPECTS OF DETERMINISM IN MODERN PHYSICS". Philosophy of Physics. | John Earman | 0.797049 |
93,924 | A basal group in the stricter sense forms a sister group to the rest of the larger clade, as in the following case: While it is easy to identify a basal clade in such a cladogram, the appropriateness of such an identification is dependent on the accuracy and completeness of the diagram. It is often assumed in this exam... | Basal (phylogenetics) | 0.797049 |
93,925 | The Molėtai Astronomical Observatory (MAO; Molėtų astronomijos observatorija in Lithuanian) is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Vilnius University Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy. It is located on the Kaldiniai Hill next to Kulionys, Lithuania, 10 km from the town of Molėtai. | Molėtai Astronomical Observatory | 0.797049 |
93,926 | Murillo, and M. Bochmann; Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, 1999. G.J. Hathaway, N.H. Proctor, Chemical Hazards of the Workplace, 5th edition, Wiley-Interscience, New Jersey, 2004. | TeF6 | 0.797048 |
93,927 | In a supersymmetric theory the equations for force and the equations for matter are identical. In theoretical and mathematical physics, any theory with this property has the principle of supersymmetry (SUSY). Dozens of supersymmetric theories exist. Supersymmetry is a spacetime symmetry between two basic classes of par... | Supersymmetry | 0.797048 |
93,928 | Per standard baseball positions, the examples given above are recorded, respectively, as: 4-6-3 (second baseman to shortstop to first baseman) or 6-4-3 (shortstop to second baseman to first baseman). Other combinations start with 1 (pitcher), 3 (first baseman), or (5 third baseman), followed by 6-3 or 4-3 depending on ... | Double play | 0.797048 |
93,929 | Kekulé's symmetrical ring could explain these curious facts, as well as benzene's 1:1 carbon-hydrogen ratio. The new understanding of benzene, and hence of all aromatic compounds, proved to be so important for both pure and applied chemistry that in 1890 the German Chemical Society organized an elaborate appreciation i... | Benzene ring | 0.797048 |
93,930 | Additional research by Harvey W. Wiley at the United States Department of Agriculture during the late 19th century would play a key factor in the creation of the United States Food and Drug Administration in 1906. The American Chemical Society would establish their Agricultural and Food Chemistry Division in 1908 while... | Food Chemistry | 0.797048 |
93,931 | It would be a creation of the intersection of biology, artificial intelligence and modern microelectronics—a blend of organic and electronic components. Astrochicken would be launched by a conventional spacecraft into space, like an egg being laid into space. Astrochicken would then hatch and start growing a solar-ener... | Astrochicken | 0.797048 |
93,932 | In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-4-3 pentagonal honeycomb or 5,4,3 honeycomb is a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). Each infinite cell is an order-4 pentagonal tiling whose vertices lie on a 2-hypercycle, each of which has a limiting circle on the ideal sphere. | Order-4-3 heptagonal honeycomb | 0.797048 |
93,933 | In other words, there exist topological spaces ( X , τ ) {\displaystyle (X,\tau )} with a subset B ⊆ τ , {\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}}\subseteq \tau ,} such that τ {\displaystyle \tau } is the smallest topology containing B , {\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}},} yet B {\displaystyle {\mathcal {B}}} does not cover X {\displa... | Alexander's sub-base theorem | 0.797047 |
93,934 | A Lie group is a group that is also a smooth manifold. Many classical groups of matrices over the real or complex numbers are Lie groups. Many of the groups important in physics and chemistry are Lie groups, and their representation theory is crucial to the application of group theory in those fields.The representation... | Equivalent representation | 0.797046 |
93,935 | It is known by the Darmon–Granville theorem, which uses Faltings's theorem, that for any fixed choice of positive integers m, n and k satisfying (2), only finitely many coprime triples (a, b, c) solving (1) exist. : p. 64 However, the full Fermat–Catalan conjecture is stronger as it allows for the exponents m, n and k ... | Fermat-Catalan conjecture | 0.797046 |
93,936 | He has developed systematic ways to explore biology, especially disease biology, using small molecules toward the development of therapeutic drugs. Edward Scolnick is the former President of Merck Research Laboratories, former Director and current Chief Scientist of the Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research. Feng Zha... | Broad Institute | 0.797046 |
93,937 | Institute of Laser Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS (Russian: Институт лазерной физики СО РАН) is a research institute in Akademgorodok of Novosibirsk, Russia. It was founded in 1991. | Institute of Laser Physics | 0.797046 |
93,938 | In the foreword, the author explains that instead of the “futile and impossible task” of improving on Hecke’s classical treatment of algebraic number theory, he “rather tried to draw the conclusions from the developments of the last thirty years, whereby locally compact groups, measure and integration have been seen to... | Basic Number Theory | 0.797045 |
93,939 | It is a theorem of Max Dehn that maps of this form generate the mapping class group of isotopy classes of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of any closed, oriented genus- g {\displaystyle g} surface. W. B. R. Lickorish later rediscovered this result with a simpler proof and in addition showed that Dehn twists along... | Lickorish twist theorem | 0.797045 |
93,940 | Neural network software is used to simulate, research, develop, and apply artificial neural networks, software concepts adapted from biological neural networks, and in some cases, a wider array of adaptive systems such as artificial intelligence and machine learning. | Neural network software | 0.797045 |
93,941 | As a scientific worker, his productivity has rarely if ever been equaled. Notwithstanding his many official duties, he found time to publish more than three hundred works, several of them extensive treatises, and many of them memoirs dealing with the most abstruse branches of pure mathematics, applied mathematics, math... | Siméon Denis Poisson | 0.797045 |
93,942 | Single shooting is the simplest type of trajectory optimization technique. The basic idea is similar to how you would aim a cannon: pick a set of parameters for the trajectory, simulate the entire thing, and then check to see if you hit the target. The entire trajectory is represented as a single segment, with a single... | Trajectory optimization | 0.797045 |
93,943 | In addition to Proclus, Hieronymus of Rhodes also cites Thales as the first Greek mathematician. Proclus attributes to Thales the discovery that a circle is bisected by its diameter, that the base angles of an isosceles triangle are equal and that vertical angles are equal. Two fundamental theorems of elementary geomet... | Thales of Miletus | 0.797044 |
93,944 | In geophysics, the Rayleigh number is of fundamental importance: it indicates the presence and strength of convection within a fluid body such as the Earth's mantle. The mantle is a solid that behaves as a fluid over geological time scales. The Rayleigh number for the Earth's mantle due to internal heating alone, RaH, ... | Rayleigh Number | 0.797044 |
93,945 | A metabolic reconstruction provides a highly mathematical, structured platform on which to understand the systems biology of metabolic pathways within an organism. The integration of biochemical metabolic pathways with rapidly available, annotated genome sequences has developed what are called genome-scale metabolic mo... | Metabolic network modelling | 0.797043 |
93,946 | Dissolved load comprises a significant portion of the total material flux out of a landscape, and its composition is important in regulating the chemistry and biology of the stream water. The dissolved load is primarily controlled by the rate of chemical weathering, which depends on climate and weather conditions such ... | Dissolved load | 0.797043 |
93,947 | The theorem of Orlicz and Pettis had been strengthened and generalized in many directions. An early survey of this area of research is Kalton's paper. A natural setting for subseries convergence is that of an Abelian topological group X {\displaystyle X} and a representative result of this area of research is the follo... | Orlicz–Pettis theorem | 0.797043 |
93,948 | The term agostic, derived from the Ancient Greek word for "to hold close to oneself", was coined by Maurice Brookhart and Malcolm Green, on the suggestion of the classicist Jasper Griffin, to describe this and many other interactions between a transition metal and a C−H bond. Often such agostic interactions involve alk... | Agostic interaction | 0.797043 |
93,949 | The graph attention network (GAT) was introduced by Petar Veličković et al. in 2018.Graph attention network is a combination of a graph neural network and an attention layer. The implementation of attention layer in graphical neural networks helps provide attention or focus to the important information from the data in... | Graph neural network | 0.797042 |
93,950 | Other theoreticians at Quaid-e-Azam University would also join the TPG, then led by Salam who had done ground-breaking work for TPG. Among them was Riazuddin, Fayyazuddin, Masud Ahmad, and Faheem Hussain who were the cornerstone of the TPG.Tedious mathematical work on fast neutron calculations, relativity, complex hydr... | Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction | 0.797042 |
93,951 | Assume that Pr ( ¬ Q ∣ P ) = 1 {\displaystyle \Pr(\lnot Q\mid P)=1} is equivalent to P → ¬ Q {\displaystyle P\to \lnot Q} being TRUE, and that Pr ( ¬ Q ∣ P ) = 0 {\displaystyle \Pr(\lnot Q\mid P)=0} is equivalent to P → ¬ Q {\displaystyle P\to \lnot Q} being FALSE. It is then easy to see that Pr ( ¬ P ∣ ¬ Q ) = 1 {\dis... | Contraposition | 0.797042 |
93,952 | He bases this on claims that consciousness transcends formal logic because factors such as the insolubility of the halting problem and Gödel's incompleteness theorem prevent an algorithmically based system of logic from reproducing such traits of human intelligence as mathematical insight. These claims were originally ... | Roger Penrose | 0.797042 |
93,953 | In 1965, Sister Mary Kenneth Keller became the first American woman to earn a doctorate in computer science. Keller helped develop BASIC while working as a graduate student at Dartmouth, where the university "broke the 'men only' rule" so she could use its computer science center.In 1966, Frances "Fran" Elizabeth Allen... | Women in computing | 0.797042 |
93,954 | Other methods employed by the Institute include what they term "Public Education"; described as exposing 'bigotry and intolerance' to 'public disapproval' often through the Institute's blog Evolutionnews.org, "Personal Assistance"; described as "providing assistance in locating free legal representation from a network ... | Critical Analysis of Evolution | 0.797041 |
93,955 | The One Mile Telescope was completed by the Radio Astronomy Group of Cambridge University in 1964. The telescope was used to produce the 5C catalogue of radio sources. Observations with larger incremental spacings were used to observe individual radio sources with unprecedented sensitivity, angular resolution, and imag... | One-Mile Telescope | 0.797041 |
93,956 | Gellish English is a language that can be used for queries in Gellish English Databases, for dialogues (requests and responses) as well as for information modeling and knowledge modeling; Gremlin is an Apache Software Foundation graph traversal language for OLTP and OLAP graph systems. GraphQL is a data query language ... | Database query language | 0.797041 |
93,957 | Currently, TAPAs supports two process algebras: CCSP and PEPA. CCSP (= CCS + CSP) is obtained from CCS by considering some operators of CSP. After creating a CCSP process system, the user can analyze it using one of the following tools. | TAPAs model checker | 0.797041 |
93,958 | Note, however, that making statements like this requires formal mathematical definitions for what it means for an encryption algorithm or a block cipher to "be secure". This section describes two common notions for what properties a block cipher should have. Each corresponds to a mathematical model that can be used to ... | ARX cipher | 0.797041 |
93,959 | The term is also applied to the Pythagorean theorem.Pons asinorum is also used metaphorically for a problem or challenge which acts as a test of critical thinking, referring to the "ass' bridge's" ability to separate capable and incapable reasoners. Its first known usage in this context was in 1645.A persistent piece o... | Pons asinorum | 0.79704 |
93,960 | A SQL query to a modern relational DBMS does more than just selections and joins. In particular, SQL queries often nest several layers of SPJ blocks (Select-Project-Join), by means of group by, exists, and not exists operators. In some cases such nested SQL queries can be flattened into a select-project-join query, but... | Query optimizer | 0.797039 |
93,961 | By knowledge transfer in landscape ecology, means a group of activities that increase the understanding of landscape ecology with the goal of encouraging application of this knowledge. Five factors will influence knowledge transfer from the view of forest landscape ecology: the generation of research capacity, the pote... | Knowledge transfer | 0.797038 |
93,962 | The next stage of EDAs development was the use of multivariate factorizations. In this case, the joint probability distribution is usually factorized in a number of components of limited size | π i | ≤ K , ∀ i ∈ 1 , 2 , … , N {\displaystyle |\pi _{i}|\leq K,~\forall i\in 1,2,\dots ,N} . p ( X 1 , … , X N ) = ∏ i = 1 N ... | Estimation of Distribution Algorithm | 0.797038 |
93,963 | Kelly, F. P. (1994). Probability, statistics and optimisation: A Tribute to Peter Whittle. Chicheter: John Wiley & Sons. | Peter Whittle (mathematician) | 0.797038 |
93,964 | "Programming" in this context refers to a formal procedure for solving mathematical problems. This usage dates to the 1940s and is not specifically tied to the more recent notion of "computer programming." To avoid confusion, some practitioners prefer the term "optimization" — e.g., "quadratic optimization." | Quadratic programming | 0.797037 |
93,965 | Star trek, (written by Gene Roddenberry)– Data is a humanoid who shows artificial intelligence, but it can't be shown he is showing artificial intuition, since his programming is not disclosed. Blade Runner – (P.K. Dick) (Hampton Fancher & David Peoples) if Roy and other replicants were actually "replicas" of humans, t... | Artificial intuition | 0.797037 |
93,966 | Z and s are independent.In the t-test comparing the means of two independent samples, the following assumptions should be met: The means of the two populations being compared should follow normal distributions. Under weak assumptions, this follows in large samples from the central limit theorem, even when the distribut... | T test | 0.797037 |
93,967 | Clusters of PlayStation 3 consoles are an attractive alternative to high-end systems based on Cell blades. Innovative Computing Laboratory, a group led by Jack Dongarra, in the Computer Science Department at the University of Tennessee, investigated such an application in depth. Terrasoft Solutions is selling 8-node an... | Synergistic Processing Unit | 0.797037 |
93,968 | The growth curve model in statistics is a specific multivariate linear model, also known as GMANOVA (Generalized Multivariate Analysis-Of-Variance). It generalizes MANOVA by allowing post-matrices, as seen in the definition. | Growth curve (statistics) | 0.797036 |
93,969 | The conceptual foundation for DNA nanotechnology was first laid out by Nadrian Seeman in the early 1980s. Seeman's original motivation was to create a three-dimensional DNA lattice for orienting other large molecules, which would simplify their crystallographic study by eliminating the difficult process of obtaining pu... | DNA nanotechnology | 0.797036 |
93,970 | A computation is any type of arithmetic or non-arithmetic calculation that is well-defined. Common examples of computations are mathematical equations and computer algorithms. Mechanical or electronic devices (or, historically, people) that perform computations are known as computers. The study of computation is the fi... | Machine processing | 0.797035 |
93,971 | Also, by rejecting top-down representations as a viable starting point for AI, it seems that "intelligence is determined by the dynamics of interaction with the world." Emergence – Conventionally, individual modules are not considered intelligent by themselves. It is the interaction of such modules, evaluated by observ... | Subsumption architecture | 0.797035 |
93,972 | Analytica is a visual software developed by Lumina Decision Systems for creating, analyzing and communicating quantitative decision models. It combines hierarchical influence diagrams for visual creation and view of models, intelligent arrays for working with multidimensional data, Monte Carlo simulation for analyzing ... | Analytica (software) | 0.797035 |
93,973 | According to mathematical physicist Arthur Wightman, It is one of the striking features of the work of Gibbs, noticed by every student of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, that his formulations of physical concepts were so felicitously chosen that they have survived 100 years of turbulent development in theoret... | Josiah Willard Gibbs | 0.797035 |
93,974 | Feynman, Richard P. (1951). "An Operator Calculus Having Applications in Quantum Electrodynamics". | Richard Feynman | 0.797035 |
93,975 | In addition, a chemical oceanographer might use chemistry to better understand how ocean currents move seawater and how the ocean affects the climate. They might also search for ocean resources that could be beneficial, such as products that have medicinal properties. The field of oceanography also consists of geologic... | Aquatic sciences | 0.797034 |
93,976 | Cluster analysis groups objects (nodes) such that objects in the same cluster are more similar to each other than to those in other clusters. This can be used to perform pattern recognition, image analysis, information retrieval, statistical data analysis, and so much more. It has applications in Plant and animal ecolo... | Biological network inference | 0.797034 |
93,977 | As evolution can produce highly optimised processes and networks, it has many applications in computer science. Here, simulations of evolution using evolutionary algorithms and artificial life started with the work of Nils Aall Barricelli in the 1960s, and was extended by Alex Fraser, who published a series of papers o... | Applications of evolution | 0.797034 |
93,978 | Gleason made fundamental contributions to widely varied areas of mathematics, including the theory of Lie groups, quantum mechanics, and combinatorics. According to Freeman Dyson's famous classification of mathematicians as being either birds or frogs, Gleason was a frog: he worked as a problem solver rather than a vis... | Andrew M. Gleason | 0.797034 |
93,979 | "Off-line" in this sense describes the fact that although the meteorological data (wind components and other fields) which are used as input to the CTM typically derive from a general circulation model (GCM), the CTM is run as a separate program outside of a GCM; this is as distinct from a chemistry simulation scheme w... | TOMCAT/SLIMCAT | 0.797033 |
93,980 | David Gries (born April 26, 1939 in Flushing, Queens, New York) is an American computer scientist at Cornell University, United States mainly known for his books The Science of Programming (1981) and A Logical Approach to Discrete Math (1993, with Fred B. Schneider). He was Associate Dean for Undergraduate Programs at ... | David Gries | 0.797033 |
93,981 | The school of engineering was established in 1926, when Stanford organized the previously independent academic departments into a school. The original departments in the school were: Civil engineering, one of the original university departments (1891), later to become civil and environmental engineering Electrical engi... | Stanford University School of Engineering | 0.797033 |
93,982 | Some versions of Fritz have a Handicap and Fun mode for limiting the current engine or changing the percentage of mistakes it makes or changing its style. Fritz also has a Friend Mode where during the game it tries to match the level of the player. Chess databases allow users to search through a large library of histor... | Chess-playing machine | 0.797033 |
93,983 | In computer science, a code property graph (CPG) is a computer program representation that captures syntactic structure, control flow, and data dependencies in a property graph. The concept was originally introduced to identify security vulnerabilities in C and C++ system code, but has since been employed to analyze we... | Code property graph | 0.797033 |
93,984 | Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns, Siyuan yujian (四元玉鉴), also referred to as Jade Mirror of the Four Origins, is a 1303 mathematical monograph by Yuan dynasty mathematician Zhu Shijie. Zhu advanced Chinese algebra with this Magnum opus. The book consists of an introduction and three books, with a total of 288 problems. | Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns | 0.797033 |
93,985 | If you define the field by a Monte Carlo simulation, it doesn't stay put, it slides to infinitely large values with time. This happens in one dimension too, when the field is a one dimensional scalar field, a random walk in time. A random walk also moves arbitrarily far from its starting point, so that a one-dimensiona... | Mermin–Wagner theorem | 0.797032 |
93,986 | In this approach, the metric geometry of probability distributions is studied; this approach quantifies approximation error with, for example, the Kullback–Leibler divergence, Bregman divergence, and the Hellinger distance.With indefinitely large samples, limiting results like the central limit theorem describe the sam... | Predictive inference | 0.797032 |
93,987 | The factor groups of S3L by C2 and of S3R by C2 are each isomorphic to SO(3). Similarly, the factor groups of SO(4) by S3L and of SO(4) by S3R are each isomorphic to SO(3). The topology of SO(4) is the same as that of the Lie group SO(3) × Spin(3) = SO(3) × SU(2), namely the space P 3 × S 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {P} ^... | Isoclinic rotation | 0.797032 |
93,988 | But (3) is not in P4∞ since here it is required that the positive generator of the ideal is 1 mod 4, which is not so.) For any group H lying between Im and Pm, the quotient Im/H is called a generalized ideal class group. It is these generalized ideal class groups which correspond to abelian extensions of K by the exist... | Takagi existence theorem | 0.797031 |
93,989 | Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering. pp. 57–62. | Air-Cobot | 0.797031 |
93,990 | Media Lab industry spin-offs include: Affectiva, commercializing software that detects emotions in pictures of faces Ambient Devices, which produces glanceable information displays Dimagi, a company that develops software for healthcare in the developing world. E Ink, which makes electronic paper displays that power th... | Architecture Machine Group | 0.797031 |
93,991 | In welfare economics, the theory of the second best (also known as the general theory of second best or the second best theorem) concerns the situation when one or more optimality conditions cannot be satisfied. The economists Richard Lipsey and Kelvin Lancaster showed in 1956, that if one optimality condition in an ec... | Theory of the Second Best | 0.797031 |
93,992 | One was William Buell Meldrum, the department head at Haverford when Benfey joined the faculty. Like Christopher Kelk Ingold, Meldrum approached the teaching of chemistry from a historical and philosophical viewpoint, a model which Benfey followed. | Otto Theodor Benfey | 0.797031 |
93,993 | The Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (JAMC; formerly Journal of Applied Meteorology) is a scientific journal published by the American Meteorological Society. Applied research related to the physical meteorology, cloud physics, hydrology, weather modification, satellite meteorology, boundary layer process... | Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology | 0.79703 |
93,994 | High-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, was more sensitive and specific, and had become the new reference method endorsed by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry. HPLC addressed the shortcomings of Jaffe-based methods, but was labor-intensive, expensive, and therefore impractical for routine analysis o... | Jaffe reaction | 0.79703 |
93,995 | FLEET aims to study the fundamental physics behind this temporary state change. Approaches being pursued in FLEET include optically-induced Floquet topological states (topological states that change with time), nonequilibrium superfluidity and creation of topological states in multi-dimensional extensions of the kicked... | ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies | 0.79703 |
93,996 | Agricultural mechanization is part of this technological evolution of agricultural automation. It can be summarized as a progressive move from manual tools to animal traction, to motorized mechanization, to digital equipment and finally, to robotics with artificial intelligence (AI). These advances can raise productivi... | Mechanical harvester | 0.79703 |
93,997 | Later Felix Klein used such metrics to provide a foundation for non-Euclidean geometry. In 1872, Felix Klein noted that the many branches of geometry which had been developed during the 19th century (affine geometry, projective geometry, hyperbolic geometry, etc.) could all be treated in a uniform way. He did this by c... | Unifying theories in mathematics | 0.79703 |
93,998 | Then, by abstracting the underlying groups of symmetries from the geometries, the relationships between them can be re-established at the group level. Since the group of affine geometry is a subgroup of the group of projective geometry, any notion invariant in projective geometry is a priori meaningful in affine geomet... | Symmetry (geometry) | 0.797029 |
93,999 | The science of actually measuring positions of celestial objects in the sky is known as astrometry. The primary elements of spherical astronomy are celestial coordinate systems and time. The coordinates of objects on the sky are listed using the equatorial coordinate system, which is based on the projection of Earth's ... | Spherical Astronomy | 0.797029 |
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