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95,700 | Indeed, the Physics is largely concerned with an analysis of motion, particularly local motion, and the other concepts that Aristotle believes are requisite to that analysis. There are clear differences between modern and Aristotelian physics, the main being the use of mathematics, largely absent in Aristotle. Some rec... | Aristotelian theory of gravity | 0.796691 |
95,701 | The prescription is determined by a first-order ordinary differential equation which is specified by the first fundamental form. The above concepts are essentially all to do with multivariable calculus. The Gauss-Bonnet theorem is a more global result, which relates the Gaussian curvature of a surface together with its... | Differentiable surface | 0.796691 |
95,702 | Pell's equation, first misnamed by Euler. He wrote on the link between continued fractions and Pell's equation. First steps towards analytic number theory. | Number theorist | 0.79669 |
95,703 | However, in the more general case of a series with values in any normed abelian group G {\displaystyle G} , the converse does not always hold: there can exist series which are not absolutely convergent, yet unconditionally convergent. For example, in the Banach space ℓ∞, one series which is unconditionally convergent b... | Absolute summability | 0.79669 |
95,704 | In the mathematics of Lie theory, Lie's third theorem states that every finite-dimensional Lie algebra g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} over the real numbers is associated to a Lie group G {\displaystyle G} . The theorem is part of the Lie group–Lie algebra correspondence. Historically, the third theorem referred to a... | Lie's third theorem | 0.796689 |
95,705 | Many European and international research projects base their Grid software implementations on UNICORE, e.g. EUROGRID, GRIP, OpenMolGRID, VIOLA, or the Japanese NaReGI project. These projects extended or are extending the set of core UNICORE functions, including new features specific to their research or project focus. ... | UNICORE | 0.796689 |
95,706 | It is considered a proof of concept with 200 to be made, with a smaller version planned for 2025, at a much lower price.A one-person, or unmanned cargo, flying vehicle with four jet motors at the corners using artificial intelligence to maintain stability that has been described as a "flying motorbike" and named "Speed... | Hoverbike | 0.796689 |
95,707 | Alexander Graham Bell from 1898 to 1908 developed space frames based on tetrahedral geometry. Bell's interest was primarily in using them to make rigid frames for nautical and aeronautical engineering, with the tetrahedral truss being one of his inventions. Max Mengeringhausen developed the space grid system called MER... | Octet truss | 0.796688 |
95,708 | {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial p}{\partial x}}=-R_{\mathrm {g} }T\left({\frac {kp}{\mu }}+D_{\mathrm {K} }\right)^{-1}N\,.} This equation is valid for capillaries as well as porous media. The terminology of the Knudsen effect and Knudsen diffusivity is more common in mechanical and chemical engineering. | Darcy's Law | 0.796688 |
95,709 | This method of inversion, and its subsequent extension by Weierstrass and Riemann to arbitrary algebraic curves, may be seen as a higher genus generalization of the relation between elliptic integrals and the Jacobi or Weierstrass elliptic functions. Jacobi was the first to apply elliptic functions to number theory, fo... | Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi | 0.796688 |
95,710 | However, a 2011 mitochondrial DNA analysis suggested that Przewalski's and modern domestic horses diverged some 160,000 years ago. An analysis based on whole genome sequencing and calibration with DNA from old horse bones gave a divergence date of 38,000–72,000 years ago.In 2018, a new analysis involved genomic sequenc... | Przewalski horse | 0.796688 |
95,711 | Dyson and Hugh Montgomery discovered an intriguing connection between quantum physics and Montgomery's pair correlation conjecture about the zeros of the zeta function. The primes 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19,… are described by the Riemann zeta function, and Dyson had previously developed a description of quantum physics... | Freeman Dyson | 0.796688 |
95,712 | In a sequence of four papers published in the American Journal of Mathematics between 1961 and 1975, Mumford explored pathological behavior in algebraic geometry, that is, phenomena that would not arise if the world of algebraic geometry were as well-behaved as one might expect from looking at the simplest examples. Th... | David Mumford | 0.796688 |
95,713 | In 1998 he was an honorary professor at the University of Leipzig. In 2002, there, he initiated with two other scientists from the Max Planck Institute, the Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics (IZBI). In 1986 he was invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Berkeley (Two dimensional geo... | Jürgen Jost | 0.796688 |
95,714 | In physics (particularly fluid statics), the meniscus (PL: menisci, from Greek 'crescent') is the curve in the upper surface of a liquid close to the surface of the container or another object, produced by surface tension. A concave meniscus occurs when the attraction between the particles of the liquid and the contain... | Meniscus (liquid) | 0.796688 |
95,715 | They argue that it is generally possible (and usually enlightening) to identify the presence of an imaginary unit in a physical equation. Such units arise from one of the many quantities in a real Clifford algebra that square to −1, and these have geometric significance because of the properties of the algebra and the ... | Dirac basis | 0.796688 |
95,716 | Capillary bridges have been studied for over 200 years. The question was raised for the first time by Josef Louis Lagrange in 1760, and interest was further spread by the French astronomer and mathematician C. Delaunay. Delaunay found an entirely new class of axially symmetrical surfaces of constant mean curvature. The... | Capillary bridges | 0.796687 |
95,717 | In astronomy, interstellar reddening is a phenomenon associated with interstellar extinction where the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation from a radiation source changes characteristics from that which the object originally emitted. Reddening occurs due to the light scattering off dust and other matter in the inters... | Atmospheric absorption | 0.796687 |
95,718 | Stellar dynamics also has connections to the field of plasma physics. The two fields underwent significant development during a similar time period in the early 20th century, and both borrow mathematical formalism originally developed in the field of fluid mechanics. In accretion disks and stellar surfaces, the dense p... | Stellar dynamics | 0.796687 |
95,719 | In 1982, with a charitable donation by businessman and philanthropist Edwin C. "Jack" Whitehead, Baltimore was asked to help establish a self-governed research institute dedicated to basic biomedical research. Baltimore persuaded Whitehead that MIT would be the ideal home for the new institute, convinced that it would ... | David Baltimore | 0.796687 |
95,720 | The CP decomposition has found some applications in linguistics and chemometrics. The CP rank was introduced by Frank Lauren Hitchcock in 1927 and later rediscovered several times, notably in psychometrics. The CP decomposition is referred to as CANDECOMP, PARAFAC, or CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP). PARAFAC2 rank decomposition... | Canonical polyadic decomposition | 0.796687 |
95,721 | In geometry, the small stellated truncated dodecahedron (or quasitruncated small stellated dodecahedron or small stellatruncated dodecahedron) is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U58. It has 24 faces (12 pentagons and 12 decagrams), 90 edges, and 60 vertices. It is given a Schläfli symbol t{5⁄3,5}, and Coxete... | Small stellated truncated dodecahedron | 0.796687 |
95,722 | Consequently, the physics of matter forming a supermassive black hole is much better understood and the possible alternative explanations for supermassive black hole observations are much more mundane. For example, a supermassive black hole could be modelled by a large cluster of very dark objects. However, such altern... | Black hole spin parameter | 0.796686 |
95,723 | It needs to categorize objects, recognize and locate humans and further recognize their emotions. The need for dynamic capacities pushes forward every sub-field of robotics. | Human–robot interaction | 0.796686 |
95,724 | ), Pearson, ISBN 978-0-13-486024-4 Horn, Roger A.; Johnson, Charles R. (February 23, 1990), Matrix Analysis, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-38632-6 Horn, Roger A.; Johnson, Charles R. (June 24, 1994), Topics in Matrix Analysis, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-46713-1 Lang, Serge (March 9, 2004), ... | Linear Algebra | 0.796686 |
95,725 | 1999 – ABCA1 a key regulator of high-density lipoprotein in humans is discovered 2003 – LPL deficiency is cured in animal models 2004 – Open-access JASPAR database is released - a fundamental resource for studying gene regulation 2005 – Gene networks analysis algorithm published 2006 – Huntington Disease is treated in ... | Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics | 0.796686 |
95,726 | This last convex optimization problem is known as the relaxed Chebyshev center (RCC). The RCC has the following important properties: The RCC is an upper bound for the exact Chebyshev center. The RCC is unique. The RCC is feasible. | Chebyshev center | 0.796685 |
95,727 | In addition to invited talks and symposia, NeurIPS also organizes two named lectureships to recognize distinguished researchers. The NeurIPS Board introduced the Posner Lectureship in honor of NeurIPS founder Ed Posner; two Posner Lectures were given each year up to 2015. Past lecturers have included: 2010 – Josh Tenen... | Neural Information Processing Systems | 0.796685 |
95,728 | The early OEM customers included the University of Lund, Defence Materiel Administration, and Ericsson Radio Systems in Sweden; Softplan and Nokia Information Systems in Finland; Selenia and Olivetti in Italy; ICL Defence Systems and STL Ltd in the United Kingdom; Aitech Software Engineering in Israel; and Advanced Com... | DDC-I | 0.796685 |
95,729 | Near-surface geophysics is the use of geophysical methods to investigate small-scale features in the shallow (tens of meters) subsurface. It is closely related to applied geophysics or exploration geophysics. Methods used include seismic refraction and reflection, gravity, magnetic, electric, and electromagnetic method... | Near-surface geophysics | 0.796685 |
95,730 | Wave breaking also occurs in plasmas, when the particle velocities exceed the wave's phase speed. Another application in plasma physics is plasma expansion into a vacuum, in which the process of wave breaking and the subsequent development of a fast ion peak is described by the Sack-Schamel equation. A reef or spot of ... | Comber wave | 0.796684 |
95,731 | A conceptual graph (CG) is a formalism for knowledge representation. In the first published paper on CGs, John F. Sowa (Sowa 1976) used them to represent the conceptual schemas used in database systems. The first book on CGs (Sowa 1984) applied them to a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence, computer science... | Conceptual Graph | 0.796684 |
95,732 | It looks like the concept was invented in the early 1960s. In the 1980s it became popular in control theory and optimization. It is widely used as a model of local robustness against small perturbations in a given nominal value of the object of interest. | Stability radius | 0.796684 |
95,733 | In January 1953, Watson was shown an X-ray photograph of B-DNA (called photograph 51), by Wilkins. Wilkins had been given photograph 51 by Rosalind Franklin's PhD student Raymond Gosling. Wilkins and Gosling had worked together in the Medical Research Council's (MRC) Biophysics Unit before director John Randall appoint... | Francis Crick | 0.796684 |
95,734 | It shows that while it is true that Hilbert must be seen as the one who first discovered the field equations, the general theory of relativity is indeed Einstein's achievement, whereas Hilbert developed a unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism. In 2006, Wuensch was invited to give a talk at the annual meeti... | General relativity priority dispute | 0.796683 |
95,735 | Because A is associative when A = R, C or H, it is immediate that Hr(A) is a Jordan algebra for r ≥ 3. A separate argument, given originally by Albert (1934), is required to show that H3(O) with Jordan product a∘b = 1/2(ab + ba) satisfies the Jordan identity = 0. There is a later more direct proof using the Freudentha... | Jordan frame (Jordan algebra) | 0.796683 |
95,736 | This system uses a "generator" to create new images and a "discriminator" to decide which created images are considered successful. DeepDream, released by Google in 2015, uses a convolutional neural network to find and enhance patterns in images via algorithmic pareidolia, thus creating deliberately over-processed imag... | Artificial intelligence art | 0.796683 |
95,737 | In mathematics, particularly topology, the tube lemma, also called Wallace's theorem, is a useful tool in order to prove that the finite product of compact spaces is compact. | Tube lemma | 0.796683 |
95,738 | Hierarchical temporal memory (HTM) models some of the structural and algorithmic properties of the neocortex. HTM is a biomimetic model based on memory-prediction theory. HTM is a method for discovering and inferring the high-level causes of observed input patterns and sequences, thus building an increasingly complex m... | Distributed representation | 0.796682 |
95,739 | Prof. Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao (9 September 1898 – 20 June 1972) was an Indian physicist in the field of Spectroscopy. Rangadhama Rao is best known for his work on spectroscopy, his role in the development of Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR), and his long association with the physics laboratories of Andhra Univer... | Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao | 0.796682 |
95,740 | Due to their geometrical flexibility, pillow plates can be customized/adapted to almost any geometry to offer targeted heat transfer where it is needed. Some examples are cooling of pipes in thermal processes or even battery packs and electric motors for electric vehicles in automotive industry. | Pillow-plate heat exchanger | 0.796682 |
95,741 | Khalid A. Al-Falih, former Minister of Energy, Industry and Mineral Resources and former chairman and president and CEO of Saudi Aramco, earned M.B.A.in 1991. Nadhmi Al-Nasr, former interim president of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and Saudi Aramco Vice President of KAUST (BSc in Chemical Engineer... | King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals | 0.796682 |
95,742 | Since 2006, a race for students called e-Kart has been organized in France, which brings together manufacturers, schools and academic institutions in areas such as electrical and mechanical engineering. It is driven using motors with power from 10 to 67 kilowatts. The event runs over three days and includes the discipl... | Electric go-kart | 0.796682 |
95,743 | The most common version of the equation used in reserve design is the formula for inter-island diversity, which has a z-value between 0.25 and 0.55, meaning protecting 5% of the available habitat will preserve 40% of the species present. However, inter-provincial species area relationships have z-values closer to 1, me... | Reconciliation ecology | 0.796682 |
95,744 | Duchin was given her first name, Moon, by parents "on the science-y fringes of the hippie classification". She grew up knowing from a young age that she wanted to become a mathematician. As a student at Stamford High School in Connecticut, she completed the regular high school mathematics curriculum in her sophomore ye... | Moon Duchin | 0.796682 |
95,745 | In real-time path planning for mobile robots, a modified version of the curve-shortening flow with additional forces has been used to find paths that strike a balance between being short and staying clear of obstacles. Inspired by the curve-shortening flow on smooth curves, researchers have studied methods for flowing ... | Gage–Hamilton–Grayson theorem | 0.796681 |
95,746 | In topology and related areas of mathematics, a Stone space, also known as a profinite space or profinite set, is a compact totally disconnected Hausdorff space. Stone spaces are named after Marshall Harvey Stone who introduced and studied them in the 1930s in the course of his investigation of Boolean algebras, which ... | Profinite set | 0.796681 |
95,747 | In 1909, during a voyage to Paris, he met Henri Poincaré, Jacques Hadamard, and Émile Borel. The ensuing discussions convinced Brouwer of the importance of a better understanding of Euclidean spaces, and were the origin of a fruitful exchange of letters with Hadamard. For the next four years, he concentrated on the pro... | Brouwer's fixed point theorem | 0.796681 |
95,748 | Data is only accessed from the central repository which could be by way of a web portal. One project that uses this data grid topology is the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) in the United States. This works well when all access to the data is local or within a single region with high speed connecti... | Data Grid | 0.79668 |
95,749 | In additive number theory, Kemnitz's conjecture states that every set of lattice points in the plane has a large subset whose centroid is also a lattice point. It was proved independently in the autumn of 2003 by Christian Reiher, then an undergraduate student, and Carlos di Fiore, then a high school student.The exact ... | Kemnitz's conjecture | 0.79668 |
95,750 | In chemistry, the Desargues graph is known as the Desargues–Levi graph; it is used to organize systems of stereoisomers of 5-ligand compounds. In this application, the thirty edges of the graph correspond to pseudorotations of the ligands. | Desargues graph | 0.79668 |
95,751 | The problem of obtaining Byzantine consensus was conceived and formalized by Robert Shostak, who dubbed it the interactive consistency problem. This work was done in 1978 in the context of the NASA-sponsored SIFT project in the Computer Science Lab at SRI International. SIFT (for Software Implemented Fault Tolerance) w... | Byzantine Generals problem | 0.79668 |
95,752 | In particular, the Zariski topology is a useful topology on a variety over any algebraically closed field, replacing to some extent the classical topology on a complex variety (based on the topology of the complex numbers). For applications to number theory, van der Waerden and Weil formulated algebraic geometry over a... | Scheme theory | 0.79668 |
95,753 | In commutative algebra, a J-0 ring is a ring R {\displaystyle R} such that the set of regular points, that is, points p {\displaystyle p} of the spectrum at which the localization R p {\displaystyle R_{p}} is a regular local ring, contains a non-empty open subset, a J-1 ring is a ring such that the set of regular point... | J-1 ring | 0.79668 |
95,754 | In 2003, the graphical user interface was redesigned and re-developed for Qt framework using PyQt Python bindings. The visual programming framework was defined, and the development of widgets (graphical components of the data analysis pipeline) began. In 2005, extensions for data analysis in bioinformatics was created. | Orange (software) | 0.796679 |
95,755 | This issue has been addressed with the addition of clustering enhancements to the relational databases, although some basic tasks require complex and expensive protocols, such as with data synchronization.Modern relational databases have shown poor performance on data-intensive systems, therefore, the idea of NoSQL has... | Database as a service | 0.796679 |
95,756 | Various areas of the prefrontal cortex have been implicated in a multitude of critical functions regarding speech production, language comprehension, and response planning before speaking. Cognitive neuroscience has shown that the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex is vital in the processing of words and sentences. T... | Prefrontal cortex | 0.796679 |
95,757 | In September 2020, CSEO launched a global series of webinars with the goal of seeding the next generation of scientists. These webinars feature the world's brightest minds, covering space exploration, astronomy and cosmology. The webinars address the advancements and challenges expected in the next decade, in returning... | Cyprus Space Exploration Organisation | 0.796679 |
95,758 | If R is an associative algebra with 1 over some field k, then every R-module with finite k-dimension is algebraically compact. This, together with the fact that all finite modules are algebraically compact, gives rise to the intuition that algebraically compact modules are those (possibly "large") modules which share t... | Pure injective module | 0.796679 |
95,759 | Like many TMDCs, MoSe2 is a layered material with strong in-plane bonding and weak out-of-plane interactions. These interactions lead to exfoliation into two-dimensional layers of single unit cell thickness.The most common form of these TMDCs have trilayers of molybdenum sandwiched between selenium ions causing a trigo... | Molybdenum(IV) selenide | 0.796678 |
95,760 | Verification in the field of space systems engineering covers two verification processes: Qualification and Acceptance | Verification (spaceflight) | 0.796678 |
95,761 | Oxygen's most common oxidation state is −2, and the oxidation state −1 is also relatively common. With hydrogen it forms water and hydrogen peroxide. Organic oxygen compounds are ubiquitous in organic chemistry. | Chalcohalide | 0.796678 |
95,762 | The self-organizing map (SOM) uses unsupervised learning. A set of neurons learn to map points in an input space to coordinates in an output space. The input space can have different dimensions and topology from the output space, and SOM attempts to preserve these. | Types of artificial neural networks | 0.796678 |
95,763 | In magnetic confinement fusion, a flux surface is a surface on which magnetic field lines lie. Since the magnetic field is divergence-free (and magnetic nulls are undesirable), the Poincare-Hopf theorem implies that such a surface must be either a torus, or a knot. In the tokamak and the stellarator flux surfaces have ... | Flux surface | 0.796678 |
95,764 | Walker did not name the matches "Congreves" in honour of the inventor and rocket pioneer Sir William Congreve, as it is sometimes stated. The congreves were the invention of Charles Sauria, a French chemistry student at the time. Walker did not divulge the exact composition of his matches. | Friction match | 0.796677 |
95,765 | The Europa Imaging System is a visible spectrum wide and narrow angle camera instrument that will map most of Europa at 50 m (160 ft) resolution, and will provide images of selected surface areas at up to 0.5 m (20 in) resolution. Principal investigator: Elizabeth Turtle, Applied Physics Laboratory | Europa Clipper | 0.796677 |
95,766 | What stopping rule minimizes the expected rank of the selected observation, and what is its corresponding value?The general solution to this full-information expected rank problem is unknown. The major difficulty is that the problem is fully history-dependent, that is, the optimal rule depends at every stage on all pre... | Robbins' problem (of optimal stopping) | 0.796677 |
95,767 | Thiazyl trifluoride is a chemical compound of nitrogen, sulfur, and fluorine, having the formula NSF3. It exists as a stable, colourless gas, and is an important precursor to other sulfur-nitrogen-fluorine compounds. It has tetrahedral molecular geometry around the sulfur atom, and is regarded to be a prime example of ... | NSF3 | 0.796677 |
95,768 | The Focus Foundation hosts several conferences annually for different groups; these conferences include expert speakers that specialize in Neurodevelopment, Pediatric Genetics and Neurology, Endocrinology, Orthopedics, Immunology, Physical Therapy, Speech and Language, and Occupational Therapy. | The Focus Foundation | 0.796677 |
95,769 | Stardust space mission (NASA). Between 2003 and 2011, he was successively elected member of the board of directors and the scientific council of the MNHN and chairman of the National Program of Planetology (PNP / CNRS-INSU). Since 2004 he has been Director of the Laboratory of Mineralogy and Cosmochemistry of the Museu... | François Robert | 0.796676 |
95,770 | In the 1950s, he laid the foundations for long-range atomic interaction studies which are of critical importance for today's interest in Bose–Einstein condensates. In 1967, he moved to Harvard University to join their department of astronomy and held the positions of acting director of Harvard College Observatory, chai... | Alexander Dalgarno | 0.796676 |
95,771 | WebAssembly allows precompiled code to run in a web browser, at near-native speed. Thus, libraries written in languages such as C can be added to web apps. Due to the cost of passing data from JavaScript to WebAssembly, near-term uses will be mainly number-crunching (such as voice recognition and computer vision), rath... | Progressive web application | 0.796676 |
95,772 | A necessary assumption to derive Bell's theorem is that the hidden variables are not correlated with the measurement settings. This assumption has been justified on the grounds that the experimenter has "free will" to choose the settings, and that such is necessary to do science in the first place. A (hypothetical) the... | Bell tests | 0.796675 |
95,773 | The theorem can be used in analytic combinatorics to estimate the number of words of length n generated by a given unambiguous context-free grammar, as n grows large. The following example is given by Gruber, Lee & Shallit (2012): the unambiguous context-free grammar G over the alphabet {0,1} has start symbol S and the... | Chomsky–Schützenberger enumeration theorem | 0.796675 |
95,774 | The book examines the history of scientific knowledge about the universe. It starts with the Ionian Greeks, who claimed that nature works by laws, and not by the will of the gods. It later presents the work of Nicolaus Copernicus, who advocated the concept that the Earth is not located in the center of the universe.It ... | The Grand Design (book) | 0.796675 |
95,775 | Since CHO cells have a very high propensity of genetic instability (like all immortalised cells) one should not assume that the names applied indicate their usefulness for manufacturing purposes. For example, the three K1 offspring cultures available in 2013 each have significant accumulated mutations compared to each ... | Chinese hamster ovary | 0.796675 |
95,776 | Dithianation introduced umpolung chemistry, now a key concept in organic synthesis. The formations of dithianes can be accomplished with a Lewis acid (scheme 7) or directly from carbonyl compounds.The pKa of dithianes is approximately 30, allowing deprotonation with an alkyl lithium reagent, typically n-butyllithium. T... | Elias James Corey | 0.796675 |
95,777 | The deployment of renewable fuels Increases the diversity of electricity sources, reducing strangleholds of one fuel type Increases backup energy via biofuel reserves Increases backup electricity stores via batteries that can produce and/or store electricity Contributes to the flexibility of the rigid electrical grid v... | Energy Security | 0.796675 |
95,778 | The concept of weighted average can be extended to functions. Weighted averages of functions play an important role in the systems of weighted differential and integral calculus. | Weighted average | 0.796674 |
95,779 | He was chairman of the Department of Chemistry from 1983 to 1988, retiring as Tracy H. Harris Professor (later Professor Emeritus) of Chemistry. During Huizenga's time at Rochester, the university had its own particle accelerator, a tandem Van de Graaff accelerator that produced beams of nuclei accelerated to energies ... | John R. Huizenga | 0.796674 |
95,780 | After postdoctoral stints in Minnesota and California, he moved to UiT – The Arctic University of Norway in 1996, where he has remained ever since. He has had several secondary positions/affiliations: Senior Fellow of the San Diego Supercomputer Center at the University of California San Diego (1997–2004), Outstanding ... | Abhik Ghosh | 0.796674 |
95,781 | Due to the Galois correspondence between subgroups of Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } and algebraic number fields, the stabilizer corresponds to a field, the field of moduli of the dessin. An orbit of a dessin is the set of all other dessins into which it may be transformed; due to the degree invariant, orbits are necessaril... | Shabat polynomial | 0.796674 |
95,782 | The topology of the DNA is described by the equation below in which the linking number is equivalent to the sum of Tw, which is the number of twists or turns of the double helix, and Wr, which is the number of coils or "writhes." If there is a closed DNA molecule, the sum of Tw and Wr, or the linking number, does not c... | Supercoiled DNA | 0.796674 |
95,783 | IP cores are commonly offered as synthesizable RTL in a hardware description language such as Verilog or VHDL. These are analogous to low-level languages such as C in the field of computer programming. IP cores delivered to chip designers as RTL permit chip designers to modify designs at the functional level, though ma... | Semiconductor intellectual property core | 0.796673 |
95,784 | Clara Sousa-Silva is a research scientist at Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian. Sousa-Silva is an expert on phosphine. She has contributed to investigations of the possibility of life on Venus, working with Jane Greaves and others. Sousa-Silva also directs the Harvard-MIT Student Research Mentoring Progra... | Clara Sousa-Silva | 0.796673 |
95,785 | In statistics, an optimality criterion provides a measure of the fit of the data to a given hypothesis, to aid in model selection. A model is designated as the "best" of the candidate models if it gives the best value of an objective function measuring the degree of satisfaction of the criterion used to evaluate the al... | Optimality criterion | 0.796673 |
95,786 | Seymour Geisser, a proponent of predictive inference, gives predictive applications of Bayesian statistics.In Bayesian statistics, one can compute (Bayesian) prediction intervals from the posterior probability of the random variable, as a credible interval. In theoretical work, credible intervals are not often calculat... | Prediction interval | 0.796673 |
95,787 | Class 100 ISO 5 facilities permit 100 particles per square foot and are commonly used for manufacturing applications in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. Class 10 ISO cleanrooms filter air to no more than 10 particles per square foot. This cleanroom rating is generally given to manufacturers of semiconducto... | SecureDataRecovery | 0.796673 |
95,788 | From these facts, Hassel concluded that halogen atoms are directly linked to electron pair donors in a direction with a bond direction that coincides with the axes of the orbitals of the lone pairs in the electron pair donor molecule. For this work, Hassel was awarded the 1969 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.Dumas and coworke... | Halogen bonding | 0.796673 |
95,789 | All algebraic combinations of differentially algebraic functions are differentially algebraic. Furthermore, all compositions of differentially algebraic functions are differentially algebraic. Hölder’s Theorem simply states that the gamma function, Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } , is not differentially algebraic and is ther... | Hölder's theorem | 0.796673 |
95,790 | Their enantiomers were given the same name with the introduction of systematic nomenclatures, taking into account absolute stereochemistry (e.g. Fischer nomenclature, d/l nomenclature). For the discovery of the metabolism of glucose Otto Meyerhof received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1922. Hans von Eule... | Glucose | 0.796672 |
95,791 | When measurements of the entangled particles are made in moving relativistic reference frames, in which each measurement (in its own relativistic time frame) occurs before the other, the measurement results remain correlated.The fundamental issue about measuring spin along different axes is that these measurements cann... | Entangled quantum states | 0.796672 |
95,792 | Peak Ductility Demand is a quantity used particularly in the fields of architecture, geological engineering, and mechanical engineering. It is defined as the amount of ductile deformation a material must be able to withstand (when exposed to a stress) without brittle fracture or failure. This quantity is particularly u... | Ductility (Earth science) | 0.796672 |
95,793 | Say that E {\displaystyle E} is an orthonormal basis for V {\displaystyle V} if it is a basis and if a ≠ b {\displaystyle a\neq b} and ⟨ e a , e a ⟩ = ‖ e a ‖ 2 = 1 {\displaystyle \langle e_{a},e_{a}\rangle =\|e_{a}\|^{2}=1} for all a , b ∈ A . {\displaystyle a,b\in A.} Using an infinite-dimensional analog of the Gram-... | Inner product spaces | 0.796672 |
95,794 | Instrumental analysis is a field of analytical chemistry that investigates analytes using scientific instruments. | Instrumental analysis | 0.796671 |
95,795 | Seven years later, Babcock accepted a position at the University of Wisconsin–Madison Agricultural Experiment Station (UWAES) as chair of the Agricultural Chemistry department, and immediately began petitioning Dean of Agriculture William Arnon Henry, then station director, to perform the "single-grain experiment". Hen... | Single-grain experiment | 0.796671 |
95,796 | They proposed that the attenuation in fibers available at the time was caused by impurities that could be removed, rather than by fundamental physical effects such as scattering. They correctly and systematically theorized the light-loss properties for optical fiber and pointed out the right material to use for such fi... | Optical Fibers | 0.796671 |
95,797 | Biocultural approaches to human biology have been utilized since at least 1958 when American Biological Anthropologist Frank B. Livingstone contributed early research explaining the linkages among population growth, subsistence strategy, and the distribution of the sickle cell gene in Liberia. Human adaptability resear... | Biocultural anthropology | 0.796671 |
95,798 | Martin Fleischmann FRS (29 March 1927 – 3 August 2012) was a British chemist who worked in electrochemistry. Premature announcement of his cold fusion research with Stanley Pons, regarding excess heat in heavy water, caused a media sensation and elicited skepticism and criticism from many in the scientific community. | Martin Fleischmann | 0.796671 |
95,799 | 2017-11-29: SageMaker is launched at the AWS re:Invent conference. 2018-02-27: Managed TensorFlow and MXNet deep neural network training and inference are now supported within SageMaker. 2018-02-28: SageMaker automatically scales model inference to multiple server instances. 2018-07-13: SageMaker adds support for recur... | Amazon SageMaker | 0.79667 |
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