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96,400 | This may be accomplished using commercial portfolio optimization tools or by using mathematical programming methods. Another way macro risk is used is to differentiate between countries as potential places to invest. In this meaning, the level of a country's macro risk differentiates its level of political stability an... | Macro risk | 0.796543 |
96,401 | In the 1960s, he worked as a rocket test engineer on the Apollo program (the lunar mission project) and served with the Peace Corps in Colombia, before entering graduate school in physics at Dartmouth College, where he received his PhD in biophysics in 1971. Before moving to Georgia Tech in 2003, Harvey was professor i... | Stephen Harvey (biologist) | 0.796543 |
96,402 | Buesseler studied biochemistry and cell biology at the University of California, San Diego, where he obtained a BA in 1981. In 1986 he obtained his PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. | Ken Buesseler | 0.796543 |
96,403 | Dicke later reasoned that the density of matter in the universe must be almost exactly the critical density needed to prevent the Big Crunch (the "Dicke coincidences" argument). The most recent measurements may suggest that the observed density of baryonic matter, and some theoretical predictions of the amount of dark ... | Anthropic Principle | 0.796542 |
96,404 | Catalogue records are stored in XML format on a relational database using the 4th Dimension database management tool. Records can be searched for by means of an online search form that allows users to restrict the search on the basis of a number of different criteria, such as type of artefact, holding institute, archae... | International Dunhuang Project | 0.796542 |
96,405 | Furthermore, by using heterogeneous reactants, excess reagents can be used to drive sluggish reactions to completion, which can further improve yields. Excess reagents can simply be washed away without the need for additional purification steps such as chromatography. Over the years, a variety of methods have been deve... | Combinatorial Chemistry | 0.796542 |
96,406 | In a Grothendieck topology, the notion of a collection of open subsets of U stable under inclusion is replaced by the notion of a sieve. If c is any given object in C, a sieve on c is a subfunctor of the functor Hom(−, c); (this is the Yoneda embedding applied to c). In the case of O(X), a sieve S on an open set U sele... | Site (sheaf theory) | 0.796542 |
96,407 | Barry Commoner (May 28, 1917 – September 30, 2012) was an American cellular biologist, college professor, and politician. He was a leading ecologist and among the founders of the modern environmental movement. He was the director of the Center for Biology of Natural Systems and its Critical Genetics Project. He ran as ... | Barry Commoner | 0.796541 |
96,408 | Трчунян А.А., Дрожжевый экстракт как источник азота при росте и выделении молекулярного водорода пурпурной бактерией Rhodobacter sphaeroides, “Проблемы биохимии, радиационной и космической биологии”, Алушта, 5–9 сентября, с. 61–64 (co-author) Trchounyan A., Creation of new ferments with lactic acid bacteria from dairy ... | Armen Trchounian | 0.796541 |
96,409 | According to William Bechtel and Jennifer Mundale, to be able to conduct such research in the neurosciences, universal consistencies must either exist or be assumed to exist in brain structures. It is the similarity (or homology) of brain structures that allows us to generalize across species. If multiple realizability... | Pragmatic realism | 0.796541 |
96,410 | In June, 1950, Drago graduated with a BS degree in chemistry from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. After he completed his time with the U.S. Air Force, he enrolled at Ohio State University under the GI bill, completing his Ph.D. degree on December 17, 1954, under Professor Harry Sisler. | Russell S. Drago | 0.796541 |
96,411 | Frontiers of Life. 3rd 'Rencontres de Blois', October 1991 (summary of bioastronomy talks). The Observatory, 112, 145–147, 1992 Philosophy, Star Transformations and Okeanos. 3rd Conference of the 'International Association Cosmos and Philosophy' (IACP) 1991, Mytilene. | P. A. L. Chapman-Rietschi | 0.79654 |
96,412 | The Johns Hopkins University Department of Biomedical Engineering has both undergraduate and graduate biomedical engineering programs located at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. Research is focused in the general areas of biomedical imaging, computational genomics, computational medicine, data inten... | Johns Hopkins Biomedical Engineering | 0.79654 |
96,413 | Physics Research Division (RPD) The directorate of science consists of four division, and each divisions are headed by deputy director-generals. In 2004, the PINSTECH administration had brought together all of the groups, and were merged into one single Division, known as Physics Research Division (PRD). Meanwhile, the... | Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology | 0.79654 |
96,414 | Contrary to the difficulties at the Technical University of Munich (TUM), he continued his research in his field. The year 1975 can be regarded as the starting shot for artificial intelligence in Germany. Gerd Veenker called a meeting in Bonn in which Wolfgang Bibel and Wolfgang Wahlster also took part. | Wolfgang Bibel | 0.79654 |
96,415 | In December 2015, the IAU announced the winning name was Hypatia for this planet. The winning name was submitted by Hypatia, a student society of the Physics Faculty of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. Hypatia was a famous Greek astronomer, mathematician, and philosopher.In Chinese, 紫微左垣 (Zǐ Wēi Zuǒ Yuán),... | Iota Draconis | 0.796539 |
96,416 | Fairings can be fitted to a structure to streamline the flow past the structure, such as on an aircraft wing. Tall metal smokestacks or other tubular structures such as antenna masts or tethered cables can be fitted with an external corkscrew fin (a strake) to deliberately introduce turbulence, so the load is less vari... | Vortex shedding | 0.796539 |
96,417 | The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, usually referred to as just the "Martinos Center," is a major hub of biomedical imaging technology development and translational research. Bruce Rosen is the Director of the Center and Monica Langone is the Administrative Director.The core technologies being deve... | Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging | 0.796539 |
96,418 | Wolfgang Haack studied mechanical engineering at the Leibniz University Hannover and mathematics in Jena. He earned his doctorate in 1926 at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena. After a short study and research period in Hamburg and a job as an assistant at the Technical University of Stuttgart he habilitated in ... | Wolfgang Haack | 0.796539 |
96,419 | Knowing the base and the modulus of exponentiation facilitates further optimizations. Reversible circuits typically use on the order of n 3 {\displaystyle n^{3}} gates for n {\displaystyle n} qubits. Alternative techniques asymptotically improve gate counts by using quantum Fourier transforms, but are not competitive w... | Shor's Algorithm | 0.796538 |
96,420 | In physics, a non-invertible symmetry is a symmetry of a quantum field theory that is not described by a group, and which in particular does not have an inverse. Non-invertible symmetries were first studied in 2-dimensional conformal field theory, where fusion categories govern the fusion rules, rather than a group. | Non-invertible symmetry | 0.796538 |
96,421 | The first indication that there might be a problem in defining length for an arbitrary set came from Vitali's theorem. A more recent combinatorial construction which is similar to the construction by Robin Thomas of a non-Lebesgue measurable set with some additional properties appeared in American Mathematical Monthly.... | Non-measurable set | 0.796538 |
96,422 | Together with the (4, 0)-coloring implied by the four color theorem, this solves defective chromatic number for the plane. Poh and Goddard showed that any planar graph has a special (3,2)-coloring in which each color class is a linear forest, and this can be obtained from a more general result of Woodall. For general s... | Defective coloring | 0.796538 |
96,423 | After these early insect successes, Miyako wanted to move on to drones. He settled on a smaller model that could fly around through flower fields the way a bee does, and simulated the bee's hairy skin by using horse hair coated with the gel. The team flew the 4 × 4 cm sized mechanical bees over pink-leaved Japanese lil... | Materially Engineered Artificial Pollinators | 0.796538 |
96,424 | In the theory of vector measures, Lyapunov's theorem states that the range of a (non-atomic) finite-dimensional vector measure is closed and convex. In fact, the range of a non-atomic vector measure is a zonoid (the closed and convex set that is the limit of a convergent sequence of zonotopes). It is used in economics,... | Vector measure | 0.796538 |
96,425 | As inference tools, the graphs enable researchers to estimate effect sizes from non-experimental data, derive testable implications of the assumptions encoded, test for external validity, and manage missing data and selection bias.Causal graphs were first used by the geneticist Sewall Wright under the rubric "path diag... | Causal graphs | 0.796538 |
96,426 | In geometry and linear algebra, a Cartesian tensor uses an orthonormal basis to represent a tensor in a Euclidean space in the form of components. Converting a tensor's components from one such basis to another is done through an orthogonal transformation. The most familiar coordinate systems are the two-dimensional an... | Euclidean tensor | 0.796537 |
96,427 | In geometry, integral closure is closely related with normalization and normal schemes. It is the first step in resolution of singularities since it gives a process for resolving singularities of codimension 1. For example, the integral closure of C / ( x y ) {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} /(xy)} is the ring C × C {\dis... | Integral closure | 0.796537 |
96,428 | Strong empirical evidence for cyclic succession can be found in Watt's follow-up publication on the bracken system in the Journal of Ecology. Calluna vulgaris and Pteridium aquilinum were found to replace each other.Another salient example of cyclic replacement occurs in a two-species plant community in the Sonoran Des... | Cyclic succession | 0.796537 |
96,429 | Hans Primas (June 18, 1928, Zurich - October 6, 2014) was a Swiss theoretical chemist. From 1948 to 1951 Primas studied chemistry at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (Technikum Winterthur). In 1961, after his habilitation, he became associate professor and in 1966 full professor of physical and theoretical che... | Hans Primas | 0.796536 |
96,430 | The Astrobiology Society of Britain (ASB) is a learned society dedicated to the understanding and advancement of astrobiology in the United Kingdom. The organisation is affiliated with NASA.The society is mainly made up of members from the United Kingdom but also has international members. The society was created in 20... | Astrobiology Society of Britain | 0.796536 |
96,431 | Brian is aimed at researchers developing models based on networks of spiking neurons. The general design is aimed at maximising flexibility, simplicity and users' development time. Users specify neuron models by giving their differential equations in standard mathematical form as strings, create groups of neurons and c... | Brian (software) | 0.796535 |
96,432 | In computer science, threaded code is a programming technique where the code has a form that essentially consists entirely of calls to subroutines. It is often used in compilers, which may generate code in that form or be implemented in that form themselves. The code may be processed by an interpreter or it may simply ... | Threaded code | 0.796535 |
96,433 | A method to generate an appropriate conformal group is to mimic the steps of the Möbius group as the conformal group of the ordinary complex plane. Pseudo-Euclidean geometry is supported by alternative complex planes where points are split-complex numbers or dual numbers. Just as the Möbius group requires the Riemann s... | Conformal group | 0.796535 |
96,434 | Li predicted that genuine videos and deepfakes would become indistinguishable in as soon as half a year, as of October 2019, due to rapid advancement in artificial intelligence and computer graphics.Former Google fraud czar Shuman Ghosemajumder has called deepfakes an area of "societal concern" and said that they will ... | Deepfake | 0.796535 |
96,435 | Without further specifications, matrices represent linear maps, and allow explicit computations in linear algebra. Therefore, the study of matrices is a large part of linear algebra, and most properties and operations of abstract linear algebra can be expressed in terms of matrices. For example, matrix multiplication r... | Virtual leak | 0.796535 |
96,436 | Through the work of Jack Dangermond, Carl Steinitz, Henk Scholten and others the layers were modeled with Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The three components of this term each say something about its character. 'Geographical' implies that the layers are geographical (geology, soils, hydrology, roads, land use ... | Geodesign | 0.796535 |
96,437 | Changes of one type may not affect other types, for example sound changes do not affect cognancy. Unlike biology, it cannot be assumed that languages all have a common origin and establishing relatedness is necessary. In modelling it is often assumed for simplicity that the characters change independently but this may ... | Quantitative comparative linguistics | 0.796535 |
96,438 | He was a chemist at the California Institute of Technology, and subsequently headed both the Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the university. He conducted research at the University of Oxford and University of Basel as a Guggenheim Fellow and National Science Foundation Fellow, respectively. He serv... | George S. Hammond | 0.796534 |
96,439 | Following Sputnik, Edmund was able to capitalize on a growing national interest in science and astronomy. They expanded their business into a full line of telescopes and telescope kits as well as equipment, parts, and supplies for other scientific fields such as physics, optics, chemistry, microscopy, electronics, and ... | Edmund Scientific Corporation | 0.796534 |
96,440 | In 1964 he took up a position in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge, where he remained until his retirement in 2006. He is known for the Stone–Wales defect of fullerene isomers. == References == | Anthony Stone | 0.796534 |
96,441 | A typical example is Robin's theorem, which states that if σ(n) is the sigma function, given by σ ( n ) = ∑ d ∣ n d {\displaystyle \sigma (n)=\sum _{d\mid n}d} then σ ( n ) < e γ n log log n {\displaystyle \sigma (n) 5040 if and only if the Riemann hypothesis is true, where γ is the Euler–Mascheroni constant. A rel... | Critical line theorem | 0.796534 |
96,442 | The other equation of state of an ideal gas must express Joule's second law, that the internal energy of a fixed mass of ideal gas is a function only of its temperature, with U = U ( n , T ) {\displaystyle U=U(n,T)} . For the present purposes it is convenient to postulate an exemplary version of this law by writing: U ... | Ideal gases | 0.796534 |
96,443 | Let G be a group and k a field. The group Hopf algebra of G over k, denoted kG (or k), is as a set (and a vector space) the free vector space on G over k. As an algebra, its product is defined by linear extension of the group composition in G, with multiplicative unit the identity in G; this product is also known as co... | Group Hopf algebra | 0.796534 |
96,444 | The area is important because as conservative dynamical systems evolve in time, this area is invariant.Higher dimensional symplectic geometries are defined analogously. A 2n-dimensional symplectic geometry is formed of pairs of directions ( ( x 1 , x 2 ) , ( x 3 , x 4 ) , … ( x 2 n − 1 , x 2 n ) ) {\displaystyle ((x_{1... | Symplectic topology | 0.796534 |
96,445 | Cai was born in China. He received his Ph.D. in molecular biology from Stanford University in 1990, and worked for 16 years as a researcher at the Agency for Science, Technology and Research's Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology. In May 2008, he was one of the first few Principal Investigators of the institute to b... | Cai Mingjie | 0.796534 |
96,446 | Since this formulation of quantum mechanics is analogous to classical action principle, one might expect that identities concerning the action in classical mechanics would have quantum counterparts derivable from a functional integral. This is often the case. In the language of functional analysis, we can write the Eul... | Path integral formulation of quantum mechanics | 0.796533 |
96,447 | "Towards a postmodern synthesis of evolutionary biology". Cell Cycle. 8 (6): 799–800. | Extended evolutionary synthesis | 0.796533 |
96,448 | Decisions, values, and free will: How does the brain enable decisions based on values and how can decision-making be improved? What can neuroscience reveal about the nature of human freedom? Religious belief, prayer, and meditation: How do religious and spiritual practices affect neural function and behavior?Fifteen re... | Positive neuroscience | 0.796533 |
96,449 | SpringSource STS, plugin for Spring framework based development Sybase PowerDesigner, a data-modeling and collaborative design tool for enterprises that need to build or re-engineer applications. Teamcenter, from version 2007.1 this Product Lifecycle Management software uses Eclipse as platform. Tensilica Xtensa Xplore... | List of Eclipse-based software | 0.796533 |
96,450 | Micropolygon renderers commonly tessellate geometry themselves at a granularity suitable for the image being rendered. That is: the modeling application delivers high-level primitives to the renderer. Examples include true NURBS- or subdivision surfaces. | Displacement mapping | 0.796533 |
96,451 | Jim Ferris was born in Nyack, New York to Richard and Mabel Ferris, the youngest of five children. He completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Pennsylvania and earned a Bachelor of Science in chemistry. He went on to earn a doctorate in natural products chemistry at Indiana University, and continued his... | James Ferris | 0.796533 |
96,452 | This accounts for one feature of the records passed down: they often omit much of the endgame, since for a strong player reconstructing the smaller endgame plays is routine. This explains the survival of some games in different versions and possible discrepancies in the final margin. Early Western Go players found the ... | Go file format | 0.796532 |
96,453 | The most popular is to incorporate land-based solutions to reduce stormwater runoff through the use of retention ponds, bioswales, infiltration trenches, sustainable pavements (such as permeable paving), and others noted above. LID can also be achieved by utilizing engineered, manufactured products to achieve similar, ... | Stormwater management | 0.796532 |
96,454 | 307–345 AD) made a similar discovery centuries later, noting that the position of the Sun during the winter solstice had drifted roughly one degree over the course of fifty years relative to the position of the stars. The precession of Earth's axis was later explained by Newtonian physics. Being an oblate spheroid, Ear... | Stellar precession | 0.796532 |
96,455 | {\displaystyle X\times Y.} Every Hausdorff TVS topology ν {\displaystyle \nu } on X {\displaystyle X} that has a neighborhood basis of the origin consisting of τ {\displaystyle \tau } -closed set is course than τ . {\displaystyle \tau .} | Barrelled space | 0.796532 |
96,456 | Edgar, Gerald (2008). Edgar, Gerald (ed.). Measure, Topology, and Fractal Geometry (2nd ed.). | Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics | 0.796532 |
96,457 | Hard metal products, such as cutting tools, are essential for high-speed, high-performance, and high-precision mechanical processing. This division manufactures products used in many industries, including special metal wires for prestressed concrete used in civil engineering and construction projects; special steel wir... | Sumitomo Electric Industries | 0.796531 |
96,458 | However, internal and external buses are (mostly) not wider than 16-bit, and, just like in other 32-bit microprocessors of the era (such as the 68000 or the 32016), 32-bit arithmetical instructions are implemented by a 16-bit ALU, via random logic and microcode or other kinds of sequential logic. The iAPX 432 enlarged ... | Intel iAPX 432 | 0.796531 |
96,459 | Akamai Technologies – Daniel Lewin and Tom Leighton developed a faster content delivery network, now one of the world's largest distributed computing platforms, responsible for serving between 15 and 30 percent of all web traffic. Cryptography – MIT researchers Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman developed one o... | Discoveries and innovation by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology | 0.796531 |
96,460 | 3. For "Generalized Verma module", see #Verma. group Group analysis of differential equations. | Glossary of Lie groups and Lie algebras | 0.796531 |
96,461 | The inaugural meeting of ITP was held on 11–14 July 2010 in Edinburgh, Scotland, as part of the Federated Logic Conference. It is the extension of the Theorem Proving in Higher Order Logics (TPHOLs) conference series to the broad field of interactive theorem proving. TPHOLs meetings took place every year from 1988 unti... | Interactive Theorem Proving (conference) | 0.796531 |
96,462 | In 1937 Theodor Schneider proved the aforementioned result that if τ is a quadratic irrational number in the upper half plane then j(τ) is an algebraic integer. In addition he proved that if τ is an algebraic number but not imaginary quadratic then j(τ) is transcendental. The j function has numerous other transcendenta... | J-invariant | 0.796531 |
96,463 | Some samples use a biased statistical design which nevertheless allows the estimation of parameters. The U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, for example, deliberately oversamples from minority populations in many of its nationwide surveys in order to gain sufficient precision for estimates within these groups. ... | Spotlight fallacy | 0.796531 |
96,464 | In statistics, Barnard’s test is an exact test used in the analysis of 2 × 2 contingency tables with one margin fixed. Barnard’s tests are really a class of hypothesis tests, also known as unconditional exact tests for two independent binomials. These tests examine the association of two categorical variables and are o... | Barnard's test | 0.796531 |
96,465 | In Thomson, T. (ed.). Annals of Philosophy; or, Magazine of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Mechanics, Natural History, Agriculture, and the Arts. | Hans Christian Ørsted | 0.796531 |
96,466 | Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; et al. (2017). "The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties". Chinese Physics C. 41 (3): 030001. | Roentgenium | 0.79653 |
96,467 | (1) Kinetic theory: introduction and original texts. Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1965-72. a. Volume 1 (1965) The Nature of Gases and of Heat – excerpts and works by Robert Boyle, Isaac Newton, Daniel Bernoulli, George Gregory, Robert Mayer, James Prescott Joule, James Clerk Maxwell, Rudolf Clausius, Hermann von Helmholtz w... | Stephen G. Brush | 0.79653 |
96,468 | A topological space X {\displaystyle X} is said to be disconnected if it is the union of two disjoint non-empty open sets. Otherwise, X {\displaystyle X} is said to be connected. A subset of a topological space is said to be connected if it is connected under its subspace topology. Some authors exclude the empty set (w... | Path-connected component | 0.79653 |
96,469 | Robert P. Lipton is the Nicholson Professor of Mathematics in the Department of Mathematics at Louisiana State University. He is known for his research on Mathematics of Materials science. | Robert P. Lipton | 0.79653 |
96,470 | The pedagogical concept underlying Grammar Explorer is firmly rooted in Constructivism (learning theory), cognitive psychology and recent findings of the neurosciences with regard to learning. It, therefore, fulfils the criteria laid down in The Common European Framework of Reference: The materials are multi-purpose, f... | Grammar Explorer | 0.79653 |
96,471 | For instance, a needs analysis may reinforce discriminatory design behavior like design choices criticized by Gender HCI. Participatory approaches, like participatory design, support advocacy. Ecology: Maintaining a focus on the larger social structures (ecosystems) that a design impacts throughout the process of devel... | Feminist HCI | 0.796529 |
96,472 | a measure if it is a pre-measure whose domain is a σ-algebra. That is to say, a measure is a non-negative countably additive set function on a σ-algebra that has a null empty set. a probability measure if it is a measure that has a mass of 1. | Set function | 0.796529 |
96,473 | Specific neural networks are dedicated to each phase. They are capable of maintaining a sustained level of oxygen in the blood by triggering the lungs to expand and contract at the correct time. This was seen by the measuring of action potentials. | Neuroscience of rhythm | 0.796529 |
96,474 | Chronobiology is an interdisciplinary field of investigation. It interacts with medical and other research fields such as sleep medicine, endocrinology, geriatrics, sports medicine, space medicine and photoperiodism. | Biological rhythms | 0.796528 |
96,475 | Qian is from China. She completed her bachelor's degree in biomedical engineering at Southeast University in Nanjing. Qian moved to Shanghai for her doctoral research, where she worked at Shanghai Jiao Tong University on biochemistry. She then moved to the California Institute of Technology as a postdoctoral fellow. At... | Lulu Qian | 0.796528 |
96,476 | Oracle saw its role as providing tools for the server layer, where network-hosted applications would be provided through the Network Application Server, which in turn would make use of both Oracle7 relationship database management system and the Oracle Web Server. Oracle also outlined what was referred to as the Networ... | Internet operating system | 0.796528 |
96,477 | Also the programming by demonstration (PbD) term has been mostly adopted by robotics researchers for teaching new behaviors to the robot through a physical demonstration of the task. The usual distinction in literature between these terms is that in PbE the user gives a prototypical product of the computer execution, s... | Programming by example | 0.796528 |
96,478 | In algebraic topology, an area of mathematics, a homeotopy group of a topological space is a homotopy group of the group of self-homeomorphisms of that space. | Homeotopy | 0.796527 |
96,479 | Given a representation of a group G on a vector space V, we have a linear transformation T(g): V → V for every element g of G. If a subspace W of V is invariant with respect to all these transformations, then it is a subrepresentation and the group G acts on W in a natural way. As another example, let T ∈ L(V) and Σ be... | Invariant vector | 0.796527 |
96,480 | In his doctoral thesis entitled "The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics", Feynman applied the principle of stationary action to problems of quantum mechanics, inspired by a desire to quantize the Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory of electrodynamics, and laid the groundwork for the path integral formulation an... | Richard Feynman | 0.796527 |
96,481 | Genetic algebras were introduced by Schafer (1949) who showed that special train algebras are genetic algebras and genetic algebras are train algebras. | Genetic algebra | 0.796527 |
96,482 | Some propose that they gained progressive prominence through a cultural expansion by elite influence. But if high correlations can be proven in ethnolinguistic or remote communities, genetics does not always equate with language, and archaeologists have argued that although such a migration might have taken place, it d... | Paleolithic continuity theory | 0.796527 |
96,483 | Also called synecology. competition Organisms from the same or from different species competing with each other for food, living space, reproductive success, or any other limited resource; the most adapted individuals come out on top and thus survive and reproduce. competitive exclusion principle Also Gause's law. | Glossary of ecology | 0.796527 |
96,484 | He stated that he realized he could try to first enter MIT and commit suicide afterwards if he found it to be truly terrible. However, he couldn't first choose suicide and then attend MIT; the two "didn't commute", as Gell-Mann said.Gell-Mann received his Ph.D. in physics from MIT in 1951 after completing a doctoral di... | Murray Gell-Mann | 0.796526 |
96,485 | After receiving his M.A. in 1905, he began research on thermionic emission in the Cavendish Laboratory. This did not go well, and meanwhile he spent time teaching mathematics to first year engineering students. This hiatus was brief. Through a recommendation by E. T. Whittaker, his senior colleague at Trinity College, ... | Fundamental theory (Eddington) | 0.796526 |
96,486 | The proper velocity addition formula: u ⊕ v = u + v + { β u 1 + β u u ⋅ v c 2 + 1 − β v β v } u {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} \oplus \mathbf {v} =\mathbf {u} +\mathbf {v} +\left\{{\frac {\beta _{\mathbf {u} }}{1+\beta _{\mathbf {u} }}}{\frac {\mathbf {u} \cdot \mathbf {v} }{c^{2}}}+{\frac {1-\beta _{\mathbf {v} }}{\beta _... | Proper velocity | 0.796526 |
96,487 | In quantum mechanics, a principal task is to compute how a certain type of wave propagates and behaves. The wave is described by a wave function, and the equation governing its behavior is called the Schrödinger equation. A primary approach to computing the behavior of a wave function is to write it as a superposition ... | Superposition principle | 0.796526 |
96,488 | Electrical techniques, including electrical resistivity tomography and induced polarization. Electromagnetic methods, such as magnetotellurics, ground penetrating radar, transient/time-domain electromagnetics, and SNMR. Borehole geophysics, also called well logging. Remote sensing techniques, including hyperspectral im... | Exploration geophysics | 0.796526 |
96,489 | In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive, zero, negative, or undefined. For a unimodal distribution, negative skew commonly indicates that the tail is on the left side ... | Skewness | 0.796526 |
96,490 | : 171 And whereas the myth in the Timaeus suggests that all living things are based on one single paradigm, not one for each species, and even tells a story of "devolution" whereby other living things devolved from humans, it was Aristotle who presented the influential idea that each type of normal living thing must be... | Teleological Argument | 0.796525 |
96,491 | It also covers holonomy, the de Rham decomposition theorem and the Hopf–Rinow theorem. According to the review of James Eells, it has a "fine expositional style" and consists of a "special blend of algebraic, analytic, and geometric concepts". Eells says it is "essentially a textbook (even though there are no exercises... | Foundations of Differential Geometry | 0.796525 |
96,492 | The first endomorphism is the symbolic exponentiation with the difference σ − 1 ∈ Z {\displaystyle \sigma -1\in \mathbb {Z} } , and the second endomorphism is the algebraic norm mapping, that is the symbolic exponentiation with the trace In fact, the image of the algebraic norm map is contained in the unit group U K {... | Principalization (algebra) | 0.796525 |
96,493 | In cryptography, a pseudorandom permutation (PRP) is a function that cannot be distinguished from a random permutation (that is, a permutation selected at random with uniform probability, from the family of all permutations on the function's domain) with practical effort. | Pseudorandom permutation | 0.796525 |
96,494 | Performance Evaluation Process Algebra (PEPA) is a stochastic process algebra designed for modelling computer and communication systems introduced by Jane Hillston in the 1990s. The language extends classical process algebras such as Milner's CCS and Hoare's CSP by introducing probabilistic branching and timing of tran... | PEPA | 0.796524 |
96,495 | Grunwald–Wang theorem. Wilhelm Grunwald published an incorrect proof in 1933 of an incorrect theorem, and George Whaples later published another incorrect proof. Shianghao Wang found a counterexample in 1948 and published a corrected version of the theorem in 1950. | Incomplete proof | 0.796524 |
96,496 | Kauffman submitted a solution in the case of the product manifold of closed oriented surface and the closed interval, by introducing virtual 1-knots. It is open in the other cases. Witten's path integral for Jones polynomial is written for links in any compact 3-manifold formally, but the calculus is not done even in p... | Chern–Simons theory | 0.796524 |
96,497 | Prioré was born in Trieste, Italy. Prioré received training in electrical engineering and was a radar technician for the Italian Navy. (Perisse, 1984) He was a prisoner of the German Nazi occupation of Bordeaux, France, until he was rescued by Louis Durand police captain and member of the French Resistance in 1944. (Bi... | Antoine Prioré | 0.796524 |
96,498 | In addition to publishing Eddington's Fundamental Theory, Whittaker wrote two other books pertaining to Eddington's philosophy. Whittaker also wrote at length about the impacts of then-recent discoveries in astronomy on religion and theology, determinism and free will, and natural theology. In the conclusion of his art... | E. T. Whittaker | 0.796523 |
96,499 | Then The term for g can be estimated using Chebychev's inequality: If J* is defined to be the interval with the same centre as J but twice the length, the term for b can be broken up into two parts: The second term is easy to estimate: To estimate the first term note that Thus by Chebychev's inequality: By construction... | Singular integral operators of convolution type | 0.796523 |
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