id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 21 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 124 | similarity float32 0.78 0.88 |
|---|---|---|---|
92,300 | More generally, a smooth projective variety X over a field of characteristic p > 0 is called supersingular if all slopes of Frobenius on the crystalline cohomology Ha(X,W(k)) are equal to a/2, for all a. In particular, this gives the standard notion of a supersingular abelian variety. For a variety X over a finite fiel... | Supersingular K3 surface | 0.780221 |
92,301 | As of 2010, OOPSLA became a part of the SPLASH conference. The website states that "SPLASH isn't just a new name for our favorite conference—SPLASH has a new charter and mission: To bring together practitioners and researchers who are passionate about software, programming, design, and software engineering to explore t... | OOPSLA | 0.78022 |
92,302 | A classic way to define the intersection product of algebraic cycles A , B {\displaystyle A,B} on a smooth variety X is by intersecting (restricting) their cartesian product with (to) the diagonal: precisely, A ⋅ B = δ ∗ ( A × B ) {\displaystyle A\cdot B=\delta ^{*}(A\times B)} where δ ∗ {\displaystyle \delta ^{*}} is ... | Diagonal morphism (algebraic geometry) | 0.780217 |
92,303 | The electron neutrino has a corresponding antiparticle, the electron antineutrino (νe), which differs only in that some of its properties have equal magnitude but opposite sign. One major open question in particle physics is whether or not neutrinos and anti-neutrinos are the same particle, in which case it would be a ... | Electron Antineutrino | 0.780217 |
92,304 | Pauli originally named his proposed light particle a neutron. When James Chadwick discovered a much more massive nuclear particle in 1932 and also named it a neutron, this left the two particles with the same name. Enrico Fermi, who developed the theory of beta decay, introduced the term neutrino in 1934 (it was joking... | Electron Antineutrino | 0.780217 |
92,305 | Meta-process modeling is a type of metamodeling used in software engineering and systems engineering for the analysis and construction of models applicable and useful to some predefined problems. Meta-process modeling supports the effort of creating flexible process models. The purpose of process models is to document ... | Meta-Process Modeling | 0.780216 |
92,306 | "The focus has been to increase the level of formality of process models in order to make possible their enactment in process-centred software environments".A process meta-model is a meta model, "a description at the type level of a process model. A process model is, thus, an instantiation of a process meta-model. A me... | Meta-Process Modeling | 0.780216 |
92,307 | The Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe process (named after Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt) is a carboxylation chemical reaction that proceeds by treating phenol with sodium hydroxide to form sodium phenoxide, then heating sodium phenoxide with carbon dioxide under pressure (100 atm, 125 °C), then treating the product w... | Kolbe–Schmitt reaction | 0.780215 |
92,308 | This often results in the corners of the component lifting off the printed circuit board, causing improper joint formation. To reduce the risk of warpage issues during reflow a moisture sensitivity level of 3 or higher is recommended. Several other issues with QFN manufacturing include: part floating due to excessive s... | Dual Flat No Lead | 0.780214 |
92,309 | As a matter of technical convenience, this latter notion of continuous differentiability is typical (but not universal) when the spaces X {\displaystyle X} and Y {\displaystyle Y} are Banach, since L ( X , Y ) {\displaystyle L(X,Y)} is also Banach and standard results from functional analysis can then be employed. The ... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,310 | The converse is clearly not true, since the Gateaux derivative may fail to be linear or continuous. In fact, it is even possible for the Gateaux derivative to be linear and continuous but for the Fréchet derivative to fail to exist. Nevertheless, for functions F {\displaystyle F} from a complex Banach space X {\display... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,311 | The limit appearing in (1) is taken relative to the topology of Y . {\displaystyle Y.} If X {\displaystyle X} and Y {\displaystyle Y} are real topological vector spaces, then the limit is taken for real τ . | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,312 | In mathematics, the Gateaux differential or Gateaux derivative is a generalization of the concept of directional derivative in differential calculus. Named after René Gateaux, a French mathematician who died at age 25 in World War I, it is defined for functions between locally convex topological vector spaces such as B... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,313 | {\displaystyle d^{n}F.} For instance, the following sufficient condition holds (Hamilton 1982). Suppose that F {\displaystyle F} is C 1 {\displaystyle C^{1}} in the sense that the mapping is continuous in the product topology, and moreover that the second derivative defined by (3) is also continuous in the sense that i... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,314 | Whereas higher order Fréchet derivatives are naturally defined as multilinear functions by iteration, using the isomorphisms L n ( X , Y ) = L ( X , L n − 1 ( X , Y ) ) , {\displaystyle L^{n}(X,Y)=L(X,L^{n-1}(X,Y)),} higher order Gateaux derivative cannot be defined in this way. Instead the n {\displaystyle n} th order... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,315 | )(Taylor's theorem with remainder)Suppose that the line segment between u ∈ U {\displaystyle u\in U} and u + h {\displaystyle u+h} lies entirely within U . {\displaystyle U.} If F {\displaystyle F} is C k {\displaystyle C^{k}} then where the remainder term is given by | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,316 | Further properties, also consequences of the fundamental theorem, include: (The chain rule) for all u ∈ U {\displaystyle u\in U} and x ∈ X . {\displaystyle x\in X.} (Importantly, as with simple partial derivatives, the Gateaux derivative does not satisfy the chain rule if the derivative is permitted to be discontinuous... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,317 | A version of the fundamental theorem of calculus holds for the Gateaux derivative of F , {\displaystyle F,} provided F {\displaystyle F} is assumed to be sufficiently continuously differentiable. Specifically: Suppose that F: X → Y {\displaystyle F:X\to Y} is C 1 {\displaystyle C^{1}} in the sense that the Gateaux deri... | Gateaux derivative | 0.78021 |
92,318 | For models that are better suited to description in terms of matrix algebra, this is done using similar functional extensions in the R environment, for instance mxMatrix and mxAlgebra. The code below shows how to implement a simple Confirmatory factor analysis in OpenMx, using either path or matrix formats. The model i... | OpenMx | 0.780209 |
92,319 | It is often useful for the sessile drop technique to use liquids that are known to be incapable of some of those interactions (see table 1). For example, the surface tension of all straight alkanes is said to be entirely dispersive, and all of the other components are zero. This is algebraically useful, as it eliminate... | Sessile drop technique | 0.780208 |
92,320 | The surface roughness amplifies the wetting behavior caused by the surface chemistry. In order to measure the contact angle hysteresis, the sessile droplet can be increased gradually in volume. The maximum possible contact angle is referred to as the advancing contact angle. | Sessile drop technique | 0.780208 |
92,321 | This type of measurement is referred to as a static contact angle measurement.The contact angle is affected not only by the surface chemistry but also by the surface roughness. The Young equation, which is the basis for the contact angle, assumes a homogeneous surface with no surface roughness. In case surface roughnes... | Sessile drop technique | 0.780208 |
92,322 | In materials science, the sessile drop technique is a method used for the characterization of solid surface energies, and in some cases, aspects of liquid surface energies. The main premise of the method is that by placing a droplet of liquid with a known surface energy and contact angle, the surface energy of the soli... | Sessile drop technique | 0.780208 |
92,323 | Specific neural networks are dedicated to each phase. They are capable of maintaining a sustained level of oxygen in the blood by triggering the lungs to expand and contract at the correct time. This was seen by the measuring of action potentials. | Neuroscience of rhythm | 0.780208 |
92,324 | The neuroscience of rhythm refers to the various forms of rhythm generated by the central nervous system (CNS). Nerve cells, also known as neurons in the human brain are capable of firing in specific patterns which cause oscillations. The brain possesses many different types of oscillators with different periods. Oscil... | Neuroscience of rhythm | 0.780208 |
92,325 | Computational neuroscience is the theoretical study of the brain used to uncover the principles and mechanisms that guide the development, organization, information-processing and mental abilities of the nervous system. Many computational models have attempted to quantify the process of how various rhythms are created ... | Neuroscience of rhythm | 0.780208 |
92,326 | A central pattern generator (CPG) is defined as a neural network that does not require sensory input to generate a rhythm. This rhythm can be used to regulate essential physiological processes. These networks are often found in the spinal cord. | Neuroscience of rhythm | 0.780208 |
92,327 | Techniques such as large scale single-cell recordings are movements in the direction of analyzing overall brain rhythms. However, these require invasive procedures, such as tetrode implantation, which does not allow a healthy brain to be studied. Also, pharmacological manipulation, cell culture imaging and computationa... | Neuroscience of rhythm | 0.780208 |
92,328 | In mathematics, equivariant topology is the study of topological spaces that possess certain symmetries. In studying topological spaces, one often considers continuous maps f: X → Y {\displaystyle f:X\to Y} , and while equivariant topology also considers such maps, there is the additional constraint that each map "resp... | Equivariant algebraic topoloy | 0.780206 |
92,329 | Jones became interested in science as a freshman at high school, where she took part in a national Science Technology Engineering Program. She earned a BS in biochemistry at Syracuse University in 1999. Jones completed her PhD at Georgia State University and specialized in structural biology.Jones received postdoctoral... | Lisa Jones (scientist) | 0.780205 |
92,330 | In second-order intuitionistic logic, the second-order polymorphic lambda calculus (F2) was discovered by Girard (1972) and independently by Reynolds (1974). Girard proved the Representation Theorem: that in second-order intuitionistic predicate logic (P2), functions from the natural numbers to the natural numbers that... | Second order lambda calculus | 0.780205 |
92,331 | In geometry, a pencil is a family of geometric objects with a common property, for example the set of lines that pass through a given point in a plane, or the set of circles that pass through two given points in a plane. Although the definition of a pencil is rather vague, the common characteristic is that the pencil i... | Bundle (geometry) | 0.780204 |
92,332 | There are five types of pencils of circles, the two families of Apollonian circles in the illustration above represent two of them. Each type is determined by two circles called the generators of the pencil. When described algebraically, it is possible that the equations may admit imaginary solutions. | Bundle (geometry) | 0.780204 |
92,333 | In a projective plane defined over an algebraically closed field any two conics meet in four points (counted with multiplicity) and so, determine the pencil of conics based on these four points. Furthermore, the four base points determine three line pairs (degenerate conics through the base points, each line of the pai... | Bundle (geometry) | 0.780204 |
92,334 | These included experts in the fields of nutrition, toxicology, food hygiene, food technology, microbiology, biotechnology and molecular genetics. In December 1997, the SCF had 17 members. During each meeting, the SCF members were required to declare if they had any commercial or other interests in the items being discu... | Scientific Committee on Food | 0.780203 |
92,335 | The SCF established 8 working groups covering the following specialized areas: Additives Contaminants Flavourings Food contact materials Food hygiene and microbiology Intake and exposure Novel foods and processes Nutrition and dietetic foodsEach working group was chaired by an SCF member who regularly reported back to ... | Scientific Committee on Food | 0.780203 |
92,336 | A hard bed cannot deform in this way; therefore the only way for hard-based glaciers to move is by basal sliding, where meltwater forms between the ice and the bed itself.Bed softness may vary in space or time, and changes dramatically from glacier to glacier. An important factor is the underlying geology; glacial spee... | Ice flow | 0.780201 |
92,337 | The Irish Astronomical Society, the oldest astronomy club in Ireland, was founded in D'Olier Street, Dublin on 5 October 1937.The society holds public stargazing events to raise interest in astronomy. Some members bring their telescopes to these events and have been nicknamed Dublin Sidewalk Astronomers. It is also one... | Irish Astronomical Society | 0.780197 |
92,338 | It published the Irish Astronomical Journal every quarter from 1949 to 1959. Later, Dunsink Observatory and Armagh Observatory took over publication of the journal.By 1974, only the Dublin and Belfast centres still existed, then the Belfast one left to form the Irish Astronomical Association. The society expanded rapid... | Irish Astronomical Society | 0.780197 |
92,339 | Siegel (1945) proved the following generalization of the Minkowski–Hlawka theorem. If S is a bounded set in Rn with Jordan volume vol(S) then the average number of nonzero lattice vectors in S is vol(S)/D, where the average is taken over all lattices with a fundamental domain of volume D, and similarly the average numb... | Minkowski–Hlawka theorem | 0.780195 |
92,340 | The proof of this theorem is indirect and does not give an explicit example, however, and there is still no known simple and explicit way to construct lattices with packing densities exceeding this bound for arbitrary n. In principle one can find explicit examples: for example, even just picking a few "random" lattices... | Minkowski–Hlawka theorem | 0.780195 |
92,341 | In mathematics, the Minkowski–Hlawka theorem is a result on the lattice packing of hyperspheres in dimension n > 1. It states that there is a lattice in Euclidean space of dimension n, such that the corresponding best packing of hyperspheres with centres at the lattice points has density Δ satisfying Δ ≥ ζ ( n ) 2 n − ... | Minkowski–Hlawka theorem | 0.780195 |
92,342 | Recent work has suggested that the Cambrian Explosion and GOBE, rather than being two distinct events, represented one continual evolutionary radiation of marine life occurring over the entire Early Palaeozoic. An analysis of the Paleobiology Database (PBDB) and Geobiodiversity Database (GBDB) found no statistical basi... | Ordovician radiation | 0.780195 |
92,343 | In this sense language and proper grammar (part of qualitative analysis) plays an important role in reliability engineering, just like it does in safety engineering or in-general within systems engineering. Correct use of language can also be key to identifying or reducing the risks of human error, which are often the ... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,344 | Reliability engineers, whether using quantitative or qualitative methods to describe a failure or hazard, rely on language to pinpoint the risks and enable issues to be solved. The language used must help create an orderly description of the function/item/system and its complex surrounding as it relates to the failure ... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,345 | Reliability often plays the key role in the cost-effectiveness of systems. Reliability engineering deals with the prediction, prevention and management of high levels of "lifetime" engineering uncertainty and risks of failure. Although stochastic parameters define and affect reliability, reliability is not only achieve... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,346 | In practice, it is calculated using different techniques and its value ranges between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates no probability of success while 1 indicates definite success. This probability is estimated from detailed (physics of failure) analysis, previous data sets or through reliability testing and reliability mode... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,347 | Reliability engineering is a sub-discipline of systems engineering that emphasizes the ability of equipment to function without failure. Reliability describes the ability of a system or component to function under stated conditions for a specified period of time. Reliability is closely related to availability, which is... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,348 | No testing of reliability has to be required for this. In conjunction with redundancy, the use of dissimilar designs or manufacturing processes (e.g. via different suppliers of similar parts) for single independent channels, can provide less sensitivity to quality issues (e.g. early childhood failures at a single suppl... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,349 | Many of the tasks, techniques, and analyses used in Reliability Engineering are specific to particular industries and applications, but can commonly include: Physics of failure (PoF) Built-in self-test (BIT or BIST) (testability analysis) Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) Reliability hazard analysis Reliability ... | Reliability modeling | 0.780194 |
92,350 | The onset of deformation of the Rocky Mountain fold and thrust belt was due to collisional tectonic forces that occurred on the west edge of the North American craton. This thrust and fold belt was uplifted east of the Canadian Cordillera and formed between the Middle Jurassic and Early Eocene within an easterly taperi... | Lewis Overthrust | 0.780193 |
92,351 | Although this study did not take into consideration that it could be possible that the Lewis thrust sheet moved further east along the prairies and was eroded away, the data proved to be of high quality as it allowed excellent ties to be made to previous drill holes, mapped structures, measured stratigraphy, and existi... | Lewis Overthrust | 0.780193 |
92,352 | The Lewis thrust Is a low-angle thrust fault in which Precambrian sediments have been thrust over younger Cretaceous sediments. The thrust sheet is constrained by lateral ramps on either side. In the south this occurs near Marias Pass, Montana, where the ramp geometry is parallel to the direction of sheet movement. In ... | Lewis Overthrust | 0.780193 |
92,353 | The Hegedus indole synthesis is a name reaction in organic chemistry that allows for the generation of indoles through palladium(II)-mediated oxidative cyclization of ortho-alkenyl anilines. The reaction can still take place for tosyl-protected amines. | Hegedus indole synthesis | 0.780192 |
92,354 | The modern statement of the Poincaré duality theorem is in terms of homology and cohomology: if M {\displaystyle M} is a closed oriented n-manifold, then there is a canonically defined isomorphism H k ( M , Z ) → H n − k ( M , Z ) {\displaystyle H^{k}(M,\mathbb {Z} )\to H_{n-k}(M,\mathbb {Z} )} for any integer k {\disp... | Poincaré duality | 0.780189 |
92,355 | These are used in surgery theory to algebraicize questions about manifolds. A Poincaré space is one whose singular chain complex is a Poincaré complex. These are not all manifolds, but their failure to be manifolds can be measured by obstruction theory. | Poincaré duality | 0.780189 |
92,356 | Verdier duality is the appropriate generalization to (possibly singular) geometric objects, such as analytic spaces or schemes, while intersection homology was developed by Robert MacPherson and Mark Goresky for stratified spaces, such as real or complex algebraic varieties, precisely so as to generalise Poincaré duali... | Poincaré duality | 0.780189 |
92,357 | With the development of homology theory to include K-theory and other extraordinary theories from about 1955, it was realised that the homology H ∗ ′ {\displaystyle H'_{*}} could be replaced by other theories, once the products on manifolds were constructed; and there are now textbook treatments in generality. More spe... | Poincaré duality | 0.780189 |
92,358 | The Poincaré–Lefschetz duality theorem is a generalisation for manifolds with boundary. In the non-orientable case, taking into account the sheaf of local orientations, one can give a statement that is independent of orientability: see twisted Poincaré duality. Blanchfield duality is a version of Poincaré duality which... | Poincaré duality | 0.780189 |
92,359 | In materials science, a dislocation or Taylor's dislocation is a linear crystallographic defect or irregularity within a crystal structure that contains an abrupt change in the arrangement of atoms. The movement of dislocations allow atoms to slide over each other at low stress levels and is known as glide or slip. The... | Dislocation | 0.780187 |
92,360 | The facility is run by a civil corporation held by the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), two French national research agencies. It is located in Saint-Aubin in the Essonne département, a south-western suburb of Paris, near Gif-s... | Soleil (synchrotron) | 0.780187 |
92,361 | This model was deprecated in 2016, with the release of the seventh generation Core family based on Kaby Lake, ushering in the process–architecture–optimization model. From 2016 until 2021, Intel later released more optimizations on the Skylake microarchitecture with Kaby Lake R, Amber Lake, Whiskey Lake, Coffee Lake, C... | Intel Foundry Services | 0.780186 |
92,362 | Intel continued its tick-tock model of a microarchitecture change followed by a die shrink until the 6th generation Core family based on the Skylake microarchitecture. This model was deprecated in 2016, with the release of the seventh generation Core family (codenamed Kaby Lake), ushering in the process–architecture–op... | Intel Foundry Services | 0.780186 |
92,363 | A null cipher, also known as concealment cipher, is an ancient form of encryption where the plaintext is mixed with a large amount of non-cipher material. Today it is regarded as a simple form of steganography, which can be used to hide ciphertext.This is one of three categories of cipher used in classical cryptography... | Null cipher | 0.780185 |
92,364 | In general, it is difficult and time-consuming to produce covert texts that seem natural and would not raise suspicion, but a null cipher is an option if one is unable to use an advanced encryption method and has ample time. If no key or additional encryption is involved, the security of the message relies entirely on ... | Null cipher | 0.780185 |
92,365 | In classical cryptography, a null is an extra character intended to confuse the cryptanalyst. In the most common form of a null cipher, the plaintext is included within the ciphertext and one needs to discard certain characters in order to decrypt the message (such as first letter, last letter, third letter of every se... | Null cipher | 0.780185 |
92,366 | Certain difference equations - in particular, linear constant coefficient difference equations - can be solved using z-transforms. The z-transforms are a class of integral transforms that lead to more convenient algebraic manipulations and more straightforward solutions. There are cases in which obtaining a direct solu... | Linear recurrence with constant coefficients | 0.780183 |
92,367 | Finally, if any characteristic root has magnitude greater than 1, then x will diverge to infinity as time goes to infinity, or will fluctuate between increasingly large positive and negative values. A theorem of Issai Schur states that all roots have magnitude less than 1 (the stable case) if and only if a particular s... | Linear recurrence with constant coefficients | 0.780183 |
92,368 | In mathematics (including combinatorics, linear algebra, and dynamical systems), a linear recurrence with constant coefficients: ch. 17: ch. 10 (also known as a linear recurrence relation or linear difference equation) sets equal to 0 a polynomial that is linear in the various iterates of a variable—that is, in the val... | Linear recurrence with constant coefficients | 0.780183 |
92,369 | The first assumption of the GRW theory is that the wave function (or state vector) represents the most accurate possible specification of the state of a physical system. This is a feature that the GRW theory shares with the standard Interpretations of quantum mechanics, and distinguishes it from hidden variable theorie... | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,370 | Comparison of the model's predictions with experimental data permits bounding of the values of the parameters (see CSL model). The collapse rate should be such that microscopic object are almost never localized, thus effectively recovering standard quantum mechanics. The value originally proposed was λ = 10 − 16 s − 1 ... | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,371 | The Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory (GRW) is a spontaneous collapse theory in quantum mechanics, proposed in 1986 by Giancarlo Ghirardi, Alberto Rimini, and Tullio Weber. | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,372 | The GRW theory makes different predictions than standard quantum mechanics, and as such can be tested against it (see CSL model). The collapse noise repeatedly kicks the particles, thus inducing a diffusion process (Brownian motion). This introduces a steady amount of energy in the system, thus leading to a violation o... | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,373 | The physical idea that underlies collapse theories is that particles undergo spontaneous wave-function collapses, which occur randomly both in time (at a given average rate), and in space (according to the Born rule). The imprecise talk of “observer” and a “measurement” that plagues the orthodox interpretation is thus ... | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,374 | The theory does not tell where the threshold between the microscopic and macroscopic worlds is, that is when quantum mechanics should leave space to classical mechanics. The aforementioned issues constitute the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. Collapse theories avoid the measurement problem by merging the two ... | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,375 | Quantum mechanics has two fundamentally different dynamical principles: the linear and deterministic Schrödinger equation, and the nonlinear and stochastic wave packet reduction postulate. The orthodox interpretation, or Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, posits a wave function collapse every time an obser... | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | 0.780183 |
92,376 | In mathematics, the Pincherle derivative T ′ {\displaystyle T'} of a linear operator T: K → K {\displaystyle T:\mathbb {K} \to \mathbb {K} } on the vector space of polynomials in the variable x over a field K {\displaystyle \mathbb {K} } is the commutator of T {\displaystyle T} with the multiplication by x in the alg... | Pincherle derivative | 0.780181 |
92,377 | The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Order Nitrososphaerales Stieglmeier et al. 2014 Family Methylarchaeaceae Hua et al. 2019 ? "Candidatus Methylarchaeum" Hua et al. 2019 ? "Candidatus Met... | Nitrosopumilales | 0.78018 |
92,378 | Open Source Ecology is also developing in Europe as OSE Germany. This is an independent effort based on OSE's principles. In 2016, OSE and the Open Building Institute joined forces to make affordable, ecological housing widely accessible. | Open Source Ecology | 0.780177 |
92,379 | The Factor e Farm is the headquarters where the machines are prototyped and tested. The farm also serves as a prototype. Using the Open Source Ecology principles, Four prototype modules have been built as a home. An added greenhouse demonstrates how a family can grow vegetables and fish. Outside, there is also a large ... | Open Source Ecology | 0.780177 |
92,380 | Open Source Ecology (OSE) is a network of farmers, engineers, architects and supporters, whose main goal is the eventual manufacturing of the Global Village Construction Set (GVCS). As described by Open Source Ecology "the GVCS is an open technological platform that allows for the easy fabrication of the 50 types of in... | Open Source Ecology | 0.780177 |
92,381 | In materials science, an interstitial defect is a type of point crystallographic defect where an atom of the same or of a different type, occupies an interstitial site in the crystal structure. When the atom is of the same type as those already present they are known as a self-interstitial defect. Alternatively, small ... | Interstitial defect | 0.780176 |
92,382 | Its IP address is published in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the domain (using NAPTR and SRV type of DNS records), so that remote servers can find it, and use it as a forwarding point (e.g., registering) for SIP packets to this domain. it queries the HSS to retrieve the address of the S-CSCF and assign it to a user p... | IP Multimedia Subsystem | 0.780173 |
92,383 | It reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid: C6H5COCl + H2O → C6H5COOH + HClBenzoyl chloride is a typical acyl chloride. It reacts with alcohols to give the corresponding esters. Similarly, it reacts with amines to give the amide.It undergoes the Friedel-Crafts acylation with aromatic compounds t... | C6H5COCl | 0.780172 |
92,384 | In mathematics, Gabriel's theorem, proved by Pierre Gabriel, classifies the quivers of finite type in terms of Dynkin diagrams. | Gabriel's theorem | 0.780171 |
92,385 | A quiver is of finite type if it has only finitely many isomorphism classes of indecomposable representations. Gabriel (1972) classified all quivers of finite type, and also their indecomposable representations. More precisely, Gabriel's theorem states that: A (connected) quiver is of finite type if and only if its und... | Gabriel's theorem | 0.780171 |
92,386 | The BTBPs are related to the BTPs, the BTPs are the bis-triazinyl pyridines which were introduced to solvent extraction by Z. Kolarik. By extending the central part of the BTPs the BTBPs were created. The synthesis of the BTBPs as solvent extraction reagents was a development of the chemistry at Reading in Berkshire wh... | Bis-triazinyl pyridines | 0.78017 |
92,387 | Aircraft are a major potential application for new technologies such as aluminium metal foam and nanotechnology such as the shark skin imitating paint. Propeller systems, such as turboprops and propfans are a more fuel efficient technology than jets. But turboprops have an optimum speed below about 450 mph (700 km/h). | Fuel efficiency in transportation | 0.780168 |
92,388 | Natural Resources Canada's Office of Energy Efficiency publishes annual statistics regarding the efficiency of the entire Canadian fleet. For researchers, these fuel consumption estimates are more realistic than the fuel consumption ratings of new vehicles, as they represent the real world driving conditions, including... | Fuel efficiency in transportation | 0.780168 |
92,389 | Clinal substituents are found within 30° of either side of a dihedral angle of 60° (from 30° to 90°), 120° (90°–150°), 240° (210°–270°), or 300° (270°–330°). Periplanar substituents are found within 30° of either 0° (330°–30°) or 180° (150°–210°). Juxtaposing the designations produces the following terms for the confor... | Klyne–Prelog system | 0.780166 |
92,390 | In stereochemistry, the Klyne–Prelog system (named for William Klyne and Vladimir Prelog) for describing conformations about a single bond offers a more systematic means to unambiguously name complex structures, where the torsional or dihedral angles are not found to occur in 60° increments. Klyne notation views the pl... | Klyne–Prelog system | 0.780166 |
92,391 | In molecular biology, small nucleolar RNA SNORA10 and small nuclear RNA SNORA64 are homologous members of the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA). This family of ncRNAs involved in the maturation of ribosomal RNA. snoRNA in this family act as guides in the modification of uridines to pseudouridines. This family... | Small nucleolar RNA SNORA64/SNORA10 family | 0.780166 |
92,392 | Moreover, SMLS aims to incubate and support ideas from the next generation to solve today’s health challenges. Space Technologies for Earth Applications (STEA). The Space Technologies for Earth Applications (Project Group aims to provide a global and interdisciplinary forum for students and young professionals with an ... | Space Generation Advisory Council | 0.780165 |
92,393 | KSL cells in cell biology are an early form of mouse/murine hematopoietic stem cells. Characteristics are Kit (+), Sca-1 (+) and Lin (-). HSCs in murine cultures show phenotypic markers as being CD34-, CD150+, and Flt3- for LTR . These phenotypic markers are used when purifying hematopoietic stem cells from the many o... | KSL cells | 0.780164 |
92,394 | A new technology to make heat exchangers is 3D Printing. With 3D printing, you can create complex forms and inside channels. This results in high performance of heat exchangers. | Copper in heat exchangers | 0.780164 |
92,395 | They attribute this important but nearly always overlooked distinction to an obscure 1883 book by L. E. Hicks.Seeing little sense in a principle requiring intelligent life to emerge while remaining indifferent to the possibility of its eventual extinction, Barrow and Tipler propose the final anthropic principle (FAP): ... | Weak anthropic principle | 0.780163 |
92,396 | A thorough extant study of the anthropic principle is the book The anthropic cosmological principle by John D. Barrow, a cosmologist, and Frank J. Tipler, a cosmologist and mathematical physicist. This book sets out in detail the many known anthropic coincidences and constraints, including many found by its authors. Wh... | Weak anthropic principle | 0.780163 |
92,397 | Philosopher John Leslie states that the Carter SAP (with multiverse) predicts the following: Physical theory will evolve so as to strengthen the hypothesis that early phase transitions occur probabilistically rather than deterministically, in which case there will be no deep physical reason for the values of fundamenta... | Weak anthropic principle | 0.780163 |
92,398 | The China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (中国聚变工程实验堆, CFETR) is a proposed tokamak fusion reactor, which uses a magnetic field in order to confine plasma and generate energy. As of 2015, tokamak devices are leading candidates for the construction of a viable and practical thermonuclear fusion reactor. These reactors ma... | China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor | 0.780162 |
92,399 | As such, these cost-effective options appear to be the more economically viable ones.However, this is not to suggest that fusion power may lack complete economic viability. Rather, fusion power will likely supply the energy gaps renewables are not able to fill. Thus, fusion power will likely work in tandem with renewab... | China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor | 0.780162 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.