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92,700 | In addition, it has the Sino-Canadian Training Center for Natural Gas Exploration and Exploitation, built with the support of the Canadian government. At the national level, it has one key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation in which three key disciplines are pursued. Under the auspices of the ... | Southwest Petroleum University | 0.780008 |
92,701 | School of Oil and Natural Gas Engineering School of Geosciences and Technology School of Mechanical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School of New Energy and Materials School of Computer Science School of Electronics and Information Engineering School of Civil Engineering and Architecture School... | Southwest Petroleum University | 0.780008 |
92,702 | Particle Dark Matter: Observations, Models and Searches (2010) is an edited volume that describes the theoretical and experimental aspects of the dark matter problem from particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmological perspectives. The editor is Gianfranco Bertone. The volume contains chapters from 48 leading theoris... | Particle Dark Matter | 0.780007 |
92,703 | In mathematical analysis, Agmon's inequalities, named after Shmuel Agmon, consist of two closely related interpolation inequalities between the Lebesgue space L ∞ {\displaystyle L^{\infty }} and the Sobolev spaces H s {\displaystyle H^{s}} . It is useful in the study of partial differential equations. Let u ∈ H 2 ( Ω )... | Agmon's inequality | 0.780006 |
92,704 | These two definitions only become equivalent in the continuum limit. Chiral symmetry is maintained despite the possibility of simulating a single momentum space fermion because locality was one of the assumptions of the Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem determining whether a theory experiences fermion doubling. The loss of loca... | Staggered fermion | 0.780004 |
92,705 | To explicitly show that the single-component staggered fermion action describes four Dirac fermions requires blocking the lattice into hypercubes and reinterpreting the Grassmann fields at the sixteen hypercube sites as the sixteen degrees of freedom of the four fermions. In analogy to the usage of flavour in particle ... | Staggered fermion | 0.780004 |
92,706 | The Association operates a wide range of observing Sections which specialise in particular branches of astronomy, welcoming observers and astronomy enthusiasts of all abilities in a spirit of collaboration and mutual help. It also founded and supports the Campaign for Dark Skies, a UK-wide campaign against excessive li... | British Astronomical Association | 0.780003 |
92,707 | What would become the New South Wales Branch was established in 1895 and would be the only one to survive for more than a brief period. This branch became the second oldest astronomy organisation in Australia and is still in existence. It is an affiliate organisation now called Sydney City Skywatchers to better reflect... | British Astronomical Association | 0.780003 |
92,708 | Life Length is a biotechnology company. Located in Madrid, it provides telomere diagnostics as well as telomerase measurement.It was founded by American entrepreneur Stephen J. Matlin and Dr. María Blasco Marhuenda in 2010 with the objective to commercialize Blasco's HT Q-FISH conceptual work.Life Length is Spain’s onl... | Life Length | 0.780003 |
92,709 | The first meeting of the Association was held on 1890 October 24, with 60 of the initial 283 members in attendance. Initially it was decided to run the association with a provisional 48-member Council that included four women: Margaret Huggins, Elizabeth Brown, Agnes Clerke and Agnes Giberne.The society formed several ... | British Astronomical Association | 0.780003 |
92,710 | Later, this spirit of observing the night sky scientifically was championed by George Alcock, who discovered five comets and five novae using nothing more than a pair of binoculars. The BAA continues to contribute to the science of astronomy, even despite modern competition from space-based telescopes and highly automa... | British Astronomical Association | 0.780003 |
92,711 | Attempts to reduce inherent project risk by breaking a project into smaller segments and providing more ease of change during the development process. Aims to produce high-quality systems quickly, primarily via iterative Prototyping (at any stage of development), active user involvement, and computerized development to... | System development methodology | 0.780003 |
92,712 | Written documentation is an explicit deliverable of each phase.The waterfall model is a traditional engineering approach applied to software engineering. A strict waterfall approach discourages revisiting and revising any prior phase once it is complete. This "inflexibility" in a pure waterfall model has been a source ... | System development methodology | 0.780003 |
92,713 | In mathematics, Veblen's theorem, introduced by Oswald Veblen (1912), states that the set of edges of a finite graph can be written as a union of disjoint simple cycles if and only if every vertex has even degree. Thus, it is closely related to the theorem of Euler (1736) that a finite graph has an Euler tour (a single... | Veblen's theorem | 0.779999 |
92,714 | From the birth of geography as a science during the Greek classical period and until the late nineteenth century with the birth of anthropogeography (human geography), geography was almost exclusively a natural science: the study of location and descriptive gazetteer of all places of the known world. Several works amon... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,715 | Environmental geography is a branch of geography that analyzes the spatial aspects of interactions between humans and the natural world. The branch bridges the divide between human and physical geography and thus requires an understanding of the dynamics of geology, meteorology, hydrology, biogeography, and geomorpholo... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,716 | The main difference between biogeography and landscape ecology is that the latter is concerned with how flows or energy and material are changed and their impacts on the landscape whereas the former is concerned with the spatial patterns of species and chemical cycles. Geomatics is the field of gathering, storing, proc... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,717 | However, Veblen's theorem applies also to disconnected graphs, and can be generalized to infinite graphs in which every vertex has finite degree (Sabidussi 1964). If a countably infinite graph G has no odd-degree vertices, then it may be written as a union of disjoint (finite) simple cycles if and only if every finite ... | Veblen's theorem | 0.779999 |
92,718 | Landscape ecology is a sub-discipline of ecology and geography that address how spatial variation in the landscape affects ecological processes such as the distribution and flow of energy, materials, and individuals in the environment (which, in turn, may influence the distribution of landscape "elements" themselves su... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,719 | Oceanography is the branch of physical geography that studies the Earth's oceans and seas. It covers a wide range of topics, including marine organisms and ecosystem dynamics (biological oceanography); ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics (physical oceanography); plate tectonics and the geology of the ... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,720 | Coastal geography is the study of the dynamic interface between the ocean and the land, incorporating both the physical geography (i.e. coastal geomorphology, geology, and oceanography) and the human geography of the coast. It involves an understanding of coastal weathering processes, particularly wave action, sediment... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,721 | Almost all the evidence for the positions of the continents comes from geology in the form of fossils or paleomagnetism. The use of these data has resulted in evidence for continental drift, plate tectonics, and supercontinents. This, in turn, has supported palaeogeographic theories such as the Wilson cycle. | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,722 | Glaciology also has a vast array of sub-fields examining the factors and processes involved in ice sheets and glaciers e.g. snow hydrology and glacial geology. Biogeography is the science which deals with geographic patterns of species distribution and the processes that result in these patterns. Biogeography emerged a... | Natural geography | 0.779999 |
92,723 | Suppose that the Noetherian complete local ring R has a subfield k that maps onto a subfield of finite index of its residue field R/m. Then the Matlis dual of any R-module is just its dual as a topological vector space over k, if the module is given its m-adic topology. In particular the dual of R as a topological vect... | Macaulay duality | 0.779999 |
92,724 | The VR training systems can reduce the effects of the space motion sickness through a process of habituation. Preflight VR training can be a countermeasure for space motion sickness and disorientation due to the weightlessness of the microgravity environment. When the goal is to act as a practice tool, virtual reality ... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,725 | During the advanced training and the mission specific training, astronauts will learn about the operation of specific systems and skills required associated with their assigned positions in a space mission. The mission specific training typically requires 18 months to complete for Space Shuttle and International Space ... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,726 | The selection and training of astronauts are integrated processes to ensure the crew members are qualified for space missions. The training is categorized into five objectives to train the astronauts on the general and specific aspects: basic training, advanced training, mission-specific training, onboard training, and... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,727 | Astronauts are trained in preparation for the conditions of launch as well as the harsh environment of space. This training aims to prepare the crew for events falling under two broad categories: events relating to operation of the spacecraft (internal events), and events relating to the space environment (external eve... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,728 | Astronauts will receive an orientation on the major spacefaring nations, their space agencies, and all major crewed and uncrewed space programs. Training in this phase also looks into applicable laws and policies of the space sector. Technical (including engineering, astrodynamics, propulsion, orbital mechanics, etc.) ... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,729 | Astronaut training describes the complex process of preparing astronauts in regions around the world for their space missions before, during and after the flight, which includes medical tests, physical training, extra-vehicular activity (EVA) training, procedure training, rehabilitation process, as well as training on ... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,730 | It can take up to two years for an AsCan to become formally qualified as an astronaut. Usually, the training process are completed with various training facilities available in NASA: Space training facilities try to replicate or simulate the experience of spaceflight in a spacecraft as closely and realistically as poss... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,731 | The Charlotte robot is a simple device with a metal arm attached to the side that allows a user to interact with the device. The user wears haptic feedback gloves with force sensors that send signals to a central computer. In response, the central computer maneuvers the device using a web of cables and calculates how i... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,732 | India plans to build an astronaut training facility and biomedical engineering centre 8 to 10 kilometres from Kempegowda International Airport. This facility will be used for future astronaut training, as training for India's first manned mission will take place in USA or in Russia. The Kempegowda centre will have cham... | Space simulator | 0.779996 |
92,733 | Lark – an object-oriented, procedural implementation of an Earley parser, that outputs a SPPF. NLTK – a Python toolkit with an Earley parser Spark – an object-oriented little language framework for Python implementing an Earley parser spark_parser – updated and packaged version of the Spark parser above, which runs in ... | Earley parser | 0.779995 |
92,734 | In mathematics, the Bolza surface, alternatively, complex algebraic Bolza curve (introduced by Oskar Bolza (1887)), is a compact Riemann surface of genus 2 {\displaystyle 2} with the highest possible order of the conformal automorphism group in this genus, namely G L 2 ( 3 ) {\displaystyle GL_{2}(3)} of order 48 (the g... | Bolza surface | 0.779994 |
92,735 | Following MacLachlan and Reid, the quaternion algebra can be taken to be the algebra over Q ( 2 ) {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} ({\sqrt {2}})} generated as an associative algebra by generators i,j and relations i 2 = − 3 , j 2 = 2 , i j = − j i , {\displaystyle i^{2}=-3,\;j^{2}={\sqrt {2}},\;ij=-ji,} with an appropriate c... | Bolza surface | 0.779994 |
92,736 | The ( 2 , 3 , 8 ) {\displaystyle (2,3,8)} group does not have a realization in terms of a quaternion algebra, but the ( 3 , 3 , 4 ) {\displaystyle (3,3,4)} group does. Under the action of Γ {\displaystyle \Gamma } on the Poincare disk, the fundamental domain of the Bolza surface is a regular octagon with angles π 4 {\d... | Bolza surface | 0.779994 |
92,737 | Optical microscopy is used extensively in microelectronics, nanophysics, biotechnology, pharmaceutic research, mineralogy and microbiology.Optical microscopy is used for medical diagnosis, the field being termed histopathology when dealing with tissues, or in smear tests on free cells or tissue fragments. In industrial... | Optical Microscope | 0.779994 |
92,738 | Sun open-sourced the OpenOffice suite in July 2000 as a competitor to Microsoft Office, releasing version 1.0 on 1 May 2002.OpenOffice included a word processor (Writer), a spreadsheet (Calc), a presentation application (Impress), a drawing application (Draw), a formula editor (Math), and a database management applicat... | OpenOffice.org | 0.779991 |
92,739 | When a wave propagates along a waveguide for a large distance (larger compared with the wavelength), rigorous numerical simulation is difficult. The BPM relies on approximate differential equations which are also called the one-way models. These one-way models involve only a first order derivative in the variable z (fo... | Beam propagation method | 0.779991 |
92,740 | Alternative proofs exist only making use of the fact that X is càdlàg, adapted, and the set {H · Xt: |H| ≤ 1 is simple previsible} is bounded in probability for each time t, which is an alternative definition for X to be a semimartingale. A continuous linear extension can be used to construct the integral for all left-... | Ito integral | 0.77999 |
92,741 | Finally, the Doob–Meyer decomposition can be used to decompose any local martingale into the sum of a local square integrable martingale and a finite variation process, allowing the Itô integral to be constructed with respect to any semimartingale. Many other proofs exist which apply similar methods but which avoid the... | Ito integral | 0.77999 |
92,742 | Then, the integral can be shown to exist separately with respect to M and A and combined using linearity, H · X = H · M + H · A, to get the integral with respect to X. The standard Lebesgue–Stieltjes integral allows integration to be defined with respect to finite variation processes, so the existence of the Itô integr... | Ito integral | 0.77999 |
92,743 | The process Y defined before as Y t = ∫ 0 t H d X ≡ ∫ 0 t H s d X s , {\displaystyle Y_{t}=\int _{0}^{t}H\,dX\equiv \int _{0}^{t}H_{s}\,dX_{s},} is itself a stochastic process with time parameter t, which is also sometimes written as Y = H · X (Rogers & Williams 2000). Alternatively, the integral is often written in di... | Ito integral | 0.77999 |
92,744 | In statistics, latent variables (from Latin: present participle of lateo, “lie hidden”) are variables that can only be inferred indirectly through a mathematical model from other observable variables that can be directly observed or measured. Such latent variable models are used in many disciplines, including political... | Observable variable | 0.779988 |
92,745 | Bayesian statistics is often used for inferring latent variables. Latent Dirichlet allocation The Chinese restaurant process is often used to provide a prior distribution over assignments of objects to latent categories. The Indian buffet process is often used to provide a prior distribution over assignments of latent ... | Observable variable | 0.779988 |
92,746 | Examples include cartesian closed categories such as Set, the category of sets, and compact closed categories such as FdVect, the category of finite-dimensional vector spaces. Autonomous categories (or compact closed categories or rigid categories) are monoidal categories in which duals with nice properties exist; they... | Monoidal category of endofunctors | 0.779988 |
92,747 | Monoidal categories have numerous applications outside of category theory proper. They are used to define models for the multiplicative fragment of intuitionistic linear logic. They also form the mathematical foundation for the topological order in condensed matter physics. Braided monoidal categories have applications... | Monoidal category of endofunctors | 0.779988 |
92,748 | In mathematics, a monoidal category (or tensor category) is a category C {\displaystyle \mathbf {C} } equipped with a bifunctor ⊗: C × C → C {\displaystyle \otimes :\mathbf {C} \times \mathbf {C} \to \mathbf {C} } that is associative up to a natural isomorphism, and an object I that is both a left and right identity fo... | Monoidal category of endofunctors | 0.779988 |
92,749 | In plane geometry, the Conway circle theorem states that when the sides meeting at each vertex of a triangle are extended by the length of the opposite side, the six endpoints of the three resulting line segments lie on a circle whose centre is the incentre of the triangle. The circle on which these six points lie is c... | Conway circle theorem | 0.779988 |
92,750 | This includes automatically provided relations, like one object containing another or an object being worn, but the developer can add his/her own relations. A developer might add relations indicating love or hatred between beings, or to track which characters in a game have met each other. Inform 7 is a highly domain-s... | Inform | 0.779983 |
92,751 | Also in this regard, note that the VIS term in the numerator of NDVI only scales the result, thereby creating negative values. NDVI is functionally and linearly equivalent to the ratio NIR / (NIR+VIS), which ranges from 0 to 1 and is thus never negative nor limitless in range. But the most important concept in the unde... | Normalized Difference Vegetation Index | 0.779983 |
92,752 | If the spectral response to moistening is not exactly the same in the two spectral bands, the NDVI of an area can appear to change as a result of soil moisture changes (precipitation or evaporation) and not because of vegetation changes. Anisotropic effects: All surfaces (whether natural or man-made) reflect light diff... | Normalized Difference Vegetation Index | 0.779983 |
92,753 | In complex analysis, Jordan's lemma is a result frequently used in conjunction with the residue theorem to evaluate contour integrals and improper integrals. The lemma is named after the French mathematician Camille Jordan. | Jordan's lemma | 0.779982 |
92,754 | Since on C2 the variable z is real, the second integral is real: ∫ C 2 f ( z ) d z = ∫ − R R f ( x ) d x . {\displaystyle \int _{C_{2}}f(z)\,dz=\int _{-R}^{R}f(x)\,dx\,.} The left-hand side may be computed using the residue theorem to get, for all R larger than the maximum of |z1|, |z2|, …, |zn|, ∮ C f ( z ) d z = 2 π ... | Jordan's lemma | 0.779982 |
92,755 | This step sets the regiochemistry of the product, however it is rapidly reversible. The 16-electron alkyl complex undergoes migratory insertion of a CO to form the coordinately unsaturated acyl. | Tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl hydride | 0.779978 |
92,756 | The complex adopts a trigonal bipyramidal geometry with trans CO and hydrido ligands, resulting in pseudo-C3v symmetry. The Rh-P, Rh-C, and Rh-H distances are 2.32, 1.83, and 1.60 Å, respectively. This complex is one of a small number of stable pentacoordinate rhodium hydrides. | Tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl hydride | 0.779978 |
92,757 | Due to (Teleman 1983), (Teleman 1984): For any abstract elliptic operator (Atiyah 1970) on a closed, oriented, topological manifold, the analytical index equals the topological index.The proof of this result goes through specific considerations, including the extension of Hodge theory on combinatorial and Lipschitz man... | Index theorem | 0.779976 |
92,758 | The  genus is a rational number defined for any manifold, but is in general not an integer. Borel and Hirzebruch showed that it is integral for spin manifolds, and an even integer if in addition the dimension is 4 mod 8. This can be deduced from the index theorem, which implies that the  genus for spin manifolds is t... | Index theorem | 0.779976 |
92,759 | The Grothendieck–Riemann–Roch theorem was one of the main motivations behind the index theorem because the index theorem is the counterpart of this theorem in the setting of real manifolds. Now, if there's a map f: X → Y {\displaystyle f:X\to Y} of compact stably almost complex manifolds, then there is a commutative di... | Index theorem | 0.779976 |
92,760 | Paralytic poliomyelitis may be clinically suspected in individuals experiencing acute onset of flaccid paralysis in one or more limbs with decreased or absent tendon reflexes in the affected limbs that cannot be attributed to another apparent cause, and without sensory or cognitive loss.A laboratory diagnosis is usuall... | Paralytic polio | 0.779973 |
92,761 | In mathematics, specifically in the theory of generalized functions, the limit of a sequence of distributions is the distribution that sequence approaches. The distance, suitably quantified, to the limiting distribution can be made arbitrarily small by selecting a distribution sufficiently far along the sequence. This ... | Limit of a distribution | 0.779972 |
92,762 | In statistics, Halton sequences are sequences used to generate points in space for numerical methods such as Monte Carlo simulations. Although these sequences are deterministic, they are of low discrepancy, that is, appear to be random for many purposes. They were first introduced in 1960 and are an example of a quasi-... | Halton sequence | 0.779971 |
92,763 | The Kalman filter is an efficient recursive filter estimating the internal state of a linear dynamic system from a series of noisy measurements. It is used in a wide range of engineering and econometric applications from radar and computer vision to estimation of structural macroeconomic models, and is an important top... | Kalman–Bucy filter | 0.77997 |
92,764 | As an example application, consider the problem of determining the precise location of a truck. The truck can be equipped with a GPS unit that provides an estimate of the position within a few meters. The GPS estimate is likely to be noisy; readings 'jump around' rapidly, though remaining within a few meters of the rea... | Kalman–Bucy filter | 0.77997 |
92,765 | A federated database, or virtual database, is a composite of all constituent databases in a federated database system. There is no actual data integration in the constituent disparate databases as a result of data federation. Through data abstraction, federated database systems can provide a uniform user interface, ena... | Federated database system | 0.779969 |
92,766 | A federated database system (FDBS) is a type of meta-database management system (DBMS), which transparently maps multiple autonomous database systems into a single federated database. The constituent databases are interconnected via a computer network and may be geographically decentralized. Since the constituent datab... | Federated database system | 0.779969 |
92,767 | Artemether was more promising for clinical drug than its parent molecule artemisinin. In 1981, the National Steering Committee for Development of Qinghaosu (artemisinin) and its Derivatives authorised Zhou Yiqing, who was working at the Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology of the Chinese Academy of Military Medic... | Project 523 | 0.779966 |
92,768 | For their high efficacy, safety and stability, artemisinins such as artemether and artesunate became the drugs of choice in treating falciparum malaria. The World Health Organization advocates their combination drugs and includes them in its List of Essential Medicines. Among the scientists of the project, Zhou Yiqing ... | Project 523 | 0.779966 |
92,769 | Through this proof by contradiction we have proven that the cardinality of N and 𝒫(N) cannot be equal. We also know that the cardinality of 𝒫(N) cannot be less than the cardinality of N because 𝒫(N) contains all singletons, by definition, and these singletons form a "copy" of N inside of 𝒫(N). Therefore, only one p... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,770 | Cantor's theorem has been generalized to any category with products. | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,771 | {\displaystyle R_{U}\in R_{U}\iff R_{U}\notin R_{U}.} This argument is known as Russell's paradox. As a point of subtlety, the version of Russell's paradox we have presented here is actually a theorem of Zermelo; we can conclude from the contradiction obtained that we must reject the hypothesis that RU∈U, thus disprovi... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,772 | On the other hand, all elements of P ( V ) {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}(V)} are sets, and thus contained in V {\displaystyle V} , therefore | P ( V ) | ≤ | V | {\displaystyle |{\mathcal {P}}(V)|\leq |V|} .Another paradox can be derived from the proof of Cantor's theorem by instantiating the function f with the identit... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,773 | Cantor's theorem and its proof are closely related to two paradoxes of set theory. Cantor's paradox is the name given to a contradiction following from Cantor's theorem together with the assumption that there is a set containing all sets, the universal set V {\displaystyle V} . In order to distinguish this paradox from... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,774 | Consequently, no column represents B. Despite the simplicity of the above proof, it is rather difficult for an automated theorem prover to produce it. The main difficulty lies in an automated discovery of the Cantor diagonal set. Lawrence Paulson noted in 1992 that Otter could not do it, whereas Isabelle could, albeit ... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,775 | Cantor's theorem had immediate and important consequences for the philosophy of mathematics. For instance, by iteratively taking the power set of an infinite set and applying Cantor's theorem, we obtain an endless hierarchy of infinite cardinals, each strictly larger than the one before it. Consequently, the theorem im... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,776 | As a consequence, the cardinality of the real numbers, which is the same as that of the power set of the integers, is strictly larger than the cardinality of the integers; see Cardinality of the continuum for details. The theorem is named for German mathematician Georg Cantor, who first stated and proved it at the end ... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,777 | This is the heart of Cantor's theorem: there is no surjective function from any set A {\displaystyle A} to its power set. To establish this, it is enough to show that no function f {\displaystyle f} that maps elements in A {\displaystyle A} to subsets of A {\displaystyle A} can reach every possible subset, i.e., we jus... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,778 | He attributes the idea behind the proof to Cantor. Ernst Zermelo has a theorem (which he calls "Cantor's Theorem") that is identical to the form above in the paper that became the foundation of modern set theory ("Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Mengenlehre I"), published in 1908. See Zermelo set theory. | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,779 | In mathematical set theory, Cantor's theorem is a fundamental result which states that, for any set A {\displaystyle A} , the set of all subsets of A , {\displaystyle A,} the power set of A , {\displaystyle A,} has a strictly greater cardinality than A {\displaystyle A} itself. For finite sets, Cantor's theorem can be ... | Cantor's theorem | 0.779966 |
92,780 | Weismann realised that the cells that produce the germ plasm, or gametes (such as sperm and eggs in animals), separate from the somatic cells that go on to make other body tissues at an early stage in development. Since he could see no obvious means of communication between the two, he asserted that the inheritance of ... | Neo-Darwinism | 0.779965 |
92,781 | Biologists, however, have not limited their application of the term neo-Darwinism to the historical synthesis. For example, Ernst Mayr wrote in 1984 that: The term neo-Darwinism for the synthetic theory is sometimes considered wrong, because the term neo-Darwinism was coined by Romanes in 1895 as a designation of Weis... | Neo-Darwinism | 0.779965 |
92,782 | Neo-Darwinism is generally used to describe any integration of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection with Gregor Mendel's theory of genetics. It mostly refers to evolutionary theory from either 1895 (for the combinations of Darwin's and August Weismann's theories of evolution) or 1942 ("modern synth... | Neo-Darwinism | 0.779965 |
92,783 | The +2 oxidation state is exhibited by the dihalides, TeCl2, TeBr2 and TeI2. The dihalides have not been obtained in pure form,: 274 although they are known decomposition products of the tetrahalides in organic solvents, and the derived tetrahalotellurates are well-characterized: where X is Cl, Br, or I. These anions a... | Tellurium compounds | 0.779963 |
92,784 | There are usually two Honorary Presidents, one of them the Astronomer Royal for Scotland. The current holders of the positions are: Prof. Catherine Heymans, the Astronomer Royal for Scotland, and Professor of Astrophysics at the University of Edinburgh Prof. Andrew Lawrence, Regius Professor of Astronomy at the Univers... | Astronomical Society of Edinburgh | 0.779962 |
92,785 | The Astronomical Society of Edinburgh (ASE) is an association of amateur astronomers and other individuals interested in astronomy, which is based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The objectives are to encourage astronomical study and observation and to increase popular interest in astronomy. | Astronomical Society of Edinburgh | 0.779962 |
92,786 | In molecular biology, Z12 small nucleolar RNA is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar R... | Z12 small nucleolar RNA | 0.779962 |
92,787 | Since a proton-transferred geometry is usually the minimum-energy tautomer only in the excited state and relatively unstable in the ground state, molecules that have ESIPT character may show extraordinarily larger Stokes shift than common fluorescent molecules, or exhibit dual fluorescence that shorter-wavelength one c... | Excited state intramolecular proton transfer | 0.779962 |
92,788 | Excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is a process in which photoexcited molecules relax their energy through tautomerization by transfer of protons. Some kinds of molecules could have different minimum-energy tautomers in different electronic states, and if the molecular structure of minimum-energy taut... | Excited state intramolecular proton transfer | 0.779962 |
92,789 | Additionally, parts from outdated systems may be salvaged and recycled through certain retail outlets and municipal or private recycling centers. Computing supplies, such as printer cartridges, paper, and batteries may be recycled as well.A drawback to many of these schemes is that computers gathered through recycling ... | Green information system | 0.779961 |
92,790 | (2021). "Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networks." arXiv:2111.11215, pp. | Light field rendering | 0.779961 |
92,791 | (2020). “NeRF: Representing scenes as neural radiance fields for view synthesis.” Computer Vision – ECCV 2020, 405–421. Yu, A., Fridovich-Keil, S., Tancik, M., Chen, Q., Recht, B., Kanazawa, A. | Light field rendering | 0.779961 |
92,792 | GSR can be performed using Neural Networks, Light Transport Data Structures, or a combination of the two.Holographic stereograms–Image generation and predistortion of synthetic imagery for holographic stereograms is one of the earliest examples of computed light fields.Glare reduction–Glare arises due to multiple scatt... | Light field rendering | 0.779961 |
92,793 | In general, when an n-dimensional grid network is connected circularly in more than one dimension, the resulting network topology is a torus, and the network is called "toroidal". When the number of nodes along each dimension of a toroidal network is 2, the resulting network is called a hypercube. A parallel computing ... | Grid network | 0.779961 |
92,794 | A grid network is a computer network consisting of a number of computer systems connected in a grid topology. In a regular grid topology, each node in the network is connected with two neighbors along one or more dimensions. If the network is one-dimensional, and the chain of nodes is connected to form a circular loop,... | Grid network | 0.779961 |
92,795 | In theoretical computer science, a pattern language is a formal language that can be defined as the set of all particular instances of a string of constants and variables. Pattern Languages were introduced by Dana Angluin in the context of machine learning. | Pattern language (formal languages) | 0.77996 |
92,796 | wide area networks: computer network covering a wide geographical area, involving a vast array of computers. minicomputer systems: multi-user computers which make up the middle range of the computing spectrum, usually single-user systems (such as personal computers). Macro-computer systems: Usually large multi-user sys... | Information systems technician | 0.77996 |
92,797 | Specifically, if k is a field and X is an indeterminate, then the ring of formal power series k] is a regular local ring having (Krull) dimension 1. If p is an ordinary prime number, the ring of p-adic integers is an example of a discrete valuation ring, and consequently a regular local ring, which does not contain a f... | Regular ring | 0.779959 |
92,798 | This implies that smoothness is an intrinsic property of the variety, in other words it does not depend on where or how the variety is embedded in affine space. It also suggests that regular local rings should have good properties, but before the introduction of techniques from homological algebra very little was known... | Regular ring | 0.779959 |
92,799 | Regular local rings were originally defined by Wolfgang Krull in 1937, but they first became prominent in the work of Oscar Zariski a few years later, who showed that geometrically, a regular local ring corresponds to a smooth point on an algebraic variety. Let Y be an algebraic variety contained in affine n-space over... | Regular ring | 0.779959 |
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