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Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers ( American English ), carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers ( Commonwealth English ), carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics , carbon-fiber reinforced-thermoplastic ( CFRP , CRP , CFRTP ), also known as carbon fiber , carbon composite , or just carbon , are extremely strong and light fiber-reinfor... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_grid |
Carbon in pulp ( CIP ) is an extraction technique for recovery of gold which has been liberated into a cyanide solution as part of the gold cyanidation process. [ 1 ]
Introduced in the early 1980s, Carbon in Pulp is regarded as a simple and cheap process. As such it is used in most industrial applications where the p... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_in_pulp |
Carbon monoxide ( chemical formula CO ) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide consists of one carbon atom and one oxygen atom connected by a triple bond . It is the simplest carbon oxide . In coordination complexes , the carbon monoxide l... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide |
This page provides supplementary chemical data on carbon monoxide .
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI , and follow its directions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide_(data_page) |
A carbon monoxide detector or CO detector is a device that detects the presence of the carbon monoxide (CO) gas to prevent carbon monoxide poisoning . In the late 1990s, Underwriters Laboratories changed the definition of a single station CO detector with a sound device to carbon monoxide (CO) alarm . This applies to a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide_detector |
Carbon nanofoam is an allotrope of carbon discovered in 1997 by Andrei V. Rode and co-workers at the Australian National University in Canberra . [ 1 ] It consists of a cluster-assembly of carbon atoms strung together in a loose three-dimensional web. The fractal -like bond structure consists of sp 2 graphite -like clu... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanofoam |
Carbon nanotube metal matrix composites (CNT-MMC) are an emerging class of new materials that mix carbon nanotubes into metals and metal alloys to take advantage of the high tensile strength and electrical conductivity of carbon nanotube materials. [ 1 ]
CNT-MMCs may be produced in several different methods. These pro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanotube_metal_matrix_composite |
In nanotechnology , carbon nanotube interconnects refer to the proposed use of carbon nanotubes in the interconnects between the elements of an integrated circuit . Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be thought of as single atomic layer graphite sheets rolled up to form seamless cylinders. Depending on the direction on which ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanotubes_in_interconnects |
Carbon nitrides are organic compounds consisting only of carbon and nitrogen atoms.
These materials are organic semiconductors . Due to its hydrogen-bonding motifs and electron-rich properties, this carbon material is considered a potential candidate for material applications in carbon supplementation. [ 1 ]
Dicyanop... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nitride |
In organic chemistry , the carbon number of a compound is the number of carbon atoms in each molecule. [ 1 ] The properties of hydrocarbons can be correlated with the carbon number, although the carbon number alone does not give an indication of the saturation of the organic compound. When describing a particular molec... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_number |
Carbon sequestration is the process of storing carbon in a carbon pool . [ 2 ] : 2248 It plays a crucial role in limiting climate change by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere . There are two main types of carbon sequestration: biologic (also called biosequestration ) and geologic. [ 3 ]
Biologic c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_sequestration |
A carbon sink is a natural or artificial carbon sequestration process that "removes a greenhouse gas , an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere ". [ 2 ] : 2249 These sinks form an important part of the natural carbon cycle . An overarching term is carbon pool , which is all the places where car... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_sink |
The carbon snake is a demonstration of the dehydration reaction of sugar by concentrated sulfuric acid . With concentrated sulfuric acid, granulated table sugar ( sucrose ) performs a degradation reaction which changes its form to a black solid-liquid mixture . [ 1 ] The carbon snake experiment can sometimes be misiden... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_snake |
A carbon source is a carbon -containing molecule that is used by an organism to synthesise biomass . Such sources may be organic or inorganic . Heterotrophs must use organic molecules as a source of both carbon and energy. In contrast, autotrophs may use inorganic materials as a source for both, such as inorganic chemi... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_source_(biology) |
Carbon steel is a steel with carbon content from about 0.05 up to 2.1 percent by weight. The definition of carbon steel from the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) states:
As the carbon content percentage rises, steel has the ability to become harder and stronger through heat treating ; however, it becomes less ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_steel |
Carbon subsulfide is an organic , sulfur-containing chemical compound with the formula C 3 S 2 and structure S=C=C=C=S . This deep red liquid is immiscible with water but soluble in organic solvents . It readily polymerizes at room temperature to form a hard black solid.
C 3 S 2 was discovered by Béla Lengyel [ hu ] ,... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_subsulfide |
Carbon tech is a group of existing and emerging technologies that are rapidly transforming oil and gas to low emissions energy. Combined, these technologies take a circular carbon economy approach for managing and reducing carbon footprints , while optimizing biological and industry processes. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is built o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tech |
Carbon tetrachloride , also known by many other names (such as carbon tet for short and tetrachloromethane , also recognised by the IUPAC ), is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CCl 4 . It is a non-flammable, dense, colourless liquid with a "sweet" chloroform -like odour that can be detected at low levels. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride |
This page provides supplementary chemical data on carbon tetrachloride .
The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet ( MSDS ) for this chemical from a reliable source such as SIRI , and follow its directions. MSDS for carbon tet... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tetrachloride_(data_page) |
Tetrafluoromethane , also known as carbon tetrafluoride or R-14, is the simplest perfluorocarbon ( C F 4 ). As its IUPAC name indicates, tetrafluoromethane is the perfluorinated counterpart to the hydrocarbon methane . It can also be classified as a haloalkane or halomethane . Tetrafluoromethane is a useful refrigerant... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tetrafluoride |
Carbon tetraiodide is a tetrahalomethane with the molecular formula CI 4 . Being bright red, it is a relatively rare example of a highly colored methane derivative . It is only 2.3% by weight carbon, although other methane derivatives are known with still less carbon.
The tetrahedral molecule features C-I distances of... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_tetraiodide |
Carbonaceous sulfur hydride ( CSH ) is a potential superconductor that was announced in October 2020 by the lab of Ranga Dias at the University of Rochester , in a Nature paper that was later retracted. [ 1 ] It was reported to have a superconducting transition temperature of 15 °C (59 °F) at a pressure of 267 gigapasc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonaceous_sulfur_hydride |
Carbonatation is a chemical reaction in which calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide and forms insoluble calcium carbonate :
The process of forming a carbonate is sometimes referred to as " carbonation ", although this term usually refers to the process of dissolving carbon dioxide in water.
Carbonatation is a ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonatation |
In organic chemistry , a carbonate ester ( organic carbonate or organocarbonate ) is an ester of carbonic acid . This functional group consists of a carbonyl group flanked by two alkoxy groups. The general structure of these carbonates is R−O−C(=O)−O−R′ and they are related to esters ( R−O−C(=O)−R′ ), ethers ( R−O−R′ )... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate_ester |
Carbonated water [ a ] is water containing dissolved carbon dioxide gas, either artificially injected under pressure, or occurring due to natural geological processes. Carbonation causes small bubbles to form, giving the water an effervescent quality. Common forms include sparkling natural mineral water , club soda , a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonated_water |
The carbonate–silicate geochemical cycle , also known as the inorganic carbon cycle , describes the long-term transformation of silicate rocks to carbonate rocks by weathering and sedimentation , and the transformation of carbonate rocks back into silicate rocks by metamorphism and volcanism . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Carbon ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonate–silicate_cycle |
Carbonation is the chemical reaction of carbon dioxide to give carbonates , bicarbonates , and carbonic acid . [ 1 ] In chemistry , the term is sometimes used in place of carboxylation , which refers to the formation of carboxylic acids .
In inorganic chemistry and geology , carbonation is common. Metal hydroxides (MO... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonation |
Carbonization or carbonisation is the conversion of organic matters like plants and dead animal remains into carbon [ 1 ] through destructive distillation .
Carbonization is a pyrolytic reaction, therefore, is considered a complex process in which many reactions take place concurrently such as dehydrogenation , conden... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonization |
Carbonless copy paper (CCP), also known as non-carbon copy paper or NCR paper ('no carbon required'—a backronym derived from its creator, National Cash Register), is a type of coated paper designed to transfer information written on the top sheet to the sheets beneath. It was developed by chemists Lowell Schleicher and... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonless_copy_paper |
In organic chemistry , carbonyl allylation describes methods for adding an allyl anion to an aldehyde or ketone to produce a homoallylic alcohol. [ 1 ] The carbonyl allylation was first reported in 1876 by Alexander Zaitsev and employed an allylzinc reagent. [ 2 ]
In 1978, Hoffmann reported the first asymmetric carbon... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl_allylation |
In organic chemistry , alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution is the organic reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines to imines . [ 2 ] The reaction name is based on the IUPAC Nomenclature for Transformations . The reaction is acid catalyzed and the reaction type is nucleophilic addition of the amine to the carbonyl compou... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl_condensation |
In organic chemistry , a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O , composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes , ketones and carboxylic acid ), as part of many larger functional gro... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl_group |
Carbonyl metallurgy is used to manufacture products of iron , nickel , steel , and other metals . Coatings are produced by vapor plating using metal carbonyl vapors. These are metal- ligand complexes where carbon monoxide is bonded to individual atoms of metals .
Iron carbonyl is stable as iron pentacarbonyl , where f... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl_metallurgy |
Carbonyl α-substitution reactions occur at the position next to the carbonyl group , the α-position, and involves the substitution of an α-hydrogen by an electrophile through either an enol or enolate ion intermediate . [ 1 ]
Because their double bonds are electron rich, enols behave as nucleophiles and react with ele... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl_α-substitution_reaction |
In chemistry , carbonylation refers to reactions that introduce carbon monoxide (CO) into organic and inorganic substrates. Carbon monoxide is abundantly available and conveniently reactive, so it is widely used as a reactant in industrial chemistry. [ 1 ] The term carbonylation also refers to oxidation of protein side... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonylation |
1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole ( CDI ) is an organic compound with the molecular formula (C 3 H 3 N 2 ) 2 CO . It is a white crystalline solid . It is often used for the coupling of amino acids for peptide synthesis and as a reagent in organic synthesis .
CDI can be prepared straightforwardly by the reaction of phosgene w... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyldiimidazole |
A carbon–carbon bond is a covalent bond between two carbon atoms . [ 1 ] The most common form is the single bond : a bond composed of two electrons , one from each of the two atoms. The carbon–carbon single bond is a sigma bond and is formed between one hybridized orbital from each of the carbon atoms. In ethane , the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon–carbon_bond |
The carbon–fluorine bond is a polar covalent bond between carbon and fluorine that is a component of all organofluorine compounds . It is one of the strongest single bonds in chemistry (after the B–F single bond, Si–F single bond, and H–F single bond), and relatively short, due to its partial ionic character. The bond ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon–fluorine_bond |
In chemistry , the carbon–hydrogen bond ( C−H bond ) is a chemical bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms that can be found in many organic compounds . [ 1 ] This bond is a covalent , single bond , meaning that carbon shares its outer valence electrons with up to four hydrogens. This completes both of their outer shel... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon–hydrogen_bond |
In organic chemistry and organometallic chemistry , carbon–hydrogen bond activation ( C−H activation ) is a type of organic reaction in which a carbon–hydrogen bond is cleaved and replaced with a C−X bond (X ≠ H is typically a main group element, like carbon , oxygen , or nitrogen ). Some authors further restrict the ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon–hydrogen_bond_activation |
A carbon–nitrogen bond is a covalent bond between carbon and nitrogen and is one of the most abundant bonds in organic chemistry and biochemistry . [ 1 ]
Nitrogen has five valence electrons and in simple amines it is trivalent , with the two remaining electrons forming a lone pair . Through that pair, nitrogen can for... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon–nitrogen_bond |
A carbon–oxygen bond is a polar covalent bond between atoms of carbon and oxygen . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] : 16–22 Carbon–oxygen bonds are found in many inorganic compounds such as carbon oxides and oxohalides , carbonates and metal carbonyls , [ 4 ] and in organic compounds such as alcohols , ethers , and carbonyl compounds... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon–oxygen_bond |
Carboranes (or carbaboranes) are electron-delocalized (non-classically bonded) clusters composed of boron , carbon and hydrogen atoms. [ 1 ] Like many of the related boron hydrides , these clusters are polyhedra or fragments of polyhedra. Carboranes are one class of heteroboranes . [ 2 ]
In terms of scope, carboranes ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carborane |
Carborane acids H(CXB 11 Y 5 Z 6 ) (X, Y, Z = H, Alk, F, Cl, Br, CF 3 ) are a class of superacids , [ 1 ] some of which are estimated to be at least one million times stronger than 100% pure sulfuric acid in terms of their Hammett acidity function values ( H 0 ≤ −18) and possess computed p K a values well below −20, es... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carborane_acid |
In organoboron chemistry , a carboryne is an unstable derivative of ortho- carborane with the formula B 10 C 2 H 10 . [ 1 ] They are also called 1,2-dehydro-o-carboranes. The hydrogen atoms on the C2 unit in the parent o -carborane are missing. The compound resembles and is isolobal with benzyne . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] A ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboryne |
Carbothermic reactions involve the reduction of substances, often metal oxides (O 2- ), using carbon (C) as the reducing agent . The reduction is usually conducted in the electric arc furnace or reverberatory furnace , depending on the metal ore. These chemical reactions are usually conducted at temperatures of several... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbothermic_reaction |
Carboximidates (or more general imidates ) are organic compounds, which can be thought of as esters formed between an imidic acid ( R−C(=NR′)OH ) and an alcohol , with the general formula R−C(=NR′)OR″ .
They are also known as imino ethers , since they resemble imines ( >C=N− ) with an oxygen atom connected to the carb... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboximidate |
Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester ( CFSE ) is a fluorescent cell staining dye. CFSE is cell permeable and covalently couples, via its succinimidyl group , to intracellular molecules, [ 1 ] notably, to intracellular lysine residues and other amine sources. Due to this covalent coupling reaction, fluorescent CFSE can... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxyfluorescein_succinimidyl_ester |
Carboxyhemoglobin ( carboxyhaemoglobin BrE ) (symbol COHb or HbCO ) is a stable complex of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin (Hb) that forms in red blood cells upon contact with carbon monoxide. Carboxyhemoglobin is often mistaken for the compound formed by the combination of carbon dioxide ( carboxyl ) and hemoglobin, wh... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxyhemoglobin |
Carboxylation is a chemical reaction in which a carboxylic acid is produced by treating a substrate with carbon dioxide . [ 1 ] The opposite reaction is decarboxylation . In chemistry , the term carbonation is sometimes used synonymously with carboxylation, especially when applied to the reaction of carbanionic reagent... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylation |
In organic chemistry , a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group ( −C(=O)−OH ) [ 1 ] attached to an R-group . The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO 2 H , sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl , alkenyl , aryl ), or hydroge... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylic_acid |
A carboxypeptidase ( EC number 3.4.16 - 3.4.18) is a protease enzyme that hydrolyzes (cleaves) a peptide bond at the carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) end of a protein or peptide . This is in contrast to an aminopeptidases , which cleave peptide bonds at the N-terminus of proteins. Humans, animals, bacteria and plants cont... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxypeptidase |
Carboxypeptidase A usually refers to the pancreatic exopeptidase that hydrolyzes peptide bonds of C-terminal residues with aromatic or aliphatic side-chains . Most scientists in the field now refer to this enzyme as CPA1 , and to a related pancreatic carboxypeptidase as CPA2 .
In addition, there are 4 other mammalian... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxypeptidase_A |
57094
329093
ENSG00000165078
ENSMUSG00000042501
Q8N4T0
Q5U901
NM_001127445 NM_020361
NM_001289497 NM_177834
NP_065094
NP_001276426 NP_808502
Carboxypeptidase A6 ( CPA6 ) is a metallocarboxypeptidase enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CPA6 gene . [ 5 ] It is highly expressed in the adult mouse olfactory b... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxypeptidase_A6 |
Carboxypeptidase B ( EC 3.4.17.2 , protaminase , pancreatic carboxypeptidase B , tissue carboxypeptidase B , peptidyl-L-lysine [L-arginine]hydrolase ) is a carboxypeptidase that preferentially cleaves off basic amino acids arginine and lysine from the C-terminus of a peptide. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] This enzyme is secr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxypeptidase_B |
1363
12876
ENSG00000109472
ENSMUSG00000037852
P16870
Q00493
NM_001873
NM_013494
NP_001864
NP_038522
Carboxypeptidase E ( CPE ), also known as carboxypeptidase H ( CPH ) and enkephalin convertase , is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CPE gene . [ 5 ] This enzyme catalyzes the release of C-terminal ar... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxypeptidase_E |
The carbylamine reaction (also known as the Hoffmann isocyanide synthesis ) is the synthesis of an isocyanide by the reaction of a primary amine , chloroform , and base. The conversion involves the intermediacy of dichlorocarbene .
Illustrative is the synthesis of tert -butyl isocyanide from tert -butylamine in the pr... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbylamine_reaction |
In organic chemistry , a carbyne is a general term for any compound whose structure consists of an electrically neutral carbon atom connected by a single covalent bond and has three non-bonded electrons. [ 1 ] The carbon atom has either one or three unpaired electrons , depending on its excitation state ; making it a r... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbyne |
The Carcel is a former French unit for measuring the intensity of light . The unit was defined in 1860 as the intensity of a Carcel lamp with standard burner and chimney dimensions, which burnt colza oil [ 1 ] (obtained from the seed of the plant Brassica campestris) at a rate of 42 grams of colza oil per hour with a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcel |
In host–guest chemistry , a carceplex is a class of chemical structures in the carcerand family that are hinged , and can be closed using reagents that react with the carceplex and trap precursors of reactive intermediates , [ 1 ] and are unreactive with the trapped precursor or reactive intermediate. This is useful fo... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carceplex |
In host–guest chemistry , a carcerand (from Latin carcer ' prison ' ) is a host molecule that completely entraps its guest (which can be an ion , atom or other chemical species ) so that it will not escape even at high temperatures . [ 1 ] This type of molecule was first described in 1985 by Donald J. Cram and coworker... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcerand |
Carcinoembryonic antigen peptide-1 is a nine amino acid peptide fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a protein that is overexpressed in several cancer cell types, including gastrointestinal , breast , and non-small-cell lung .
Synonyms:
This biochemistry article is a stub . You can help Wikipedia by expanding ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoembryonic_antigen_peptide-1 |
A carcinogen ( / k ɑːr ˈ s ɪ n ə dʒ ən / ) is any agent that promotes the development of cancer . [ 1 ] Carcinogens can include synthetic chemicals , naturally occurring substances, physical agents such as ionizing and non-ionizing radiation , and biologic agents such as viruses and bacteria . [ 2 ] Most carcinogens ac... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogen |
Carcinogenesis , also called oncogenesis or tumorigenesis , is the formation of a cancer , whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells . The process is characterized by changes at the cellular, genetic , and epigenetic levels and abnormal cell division . Cell division is a physiological process that occurs i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenesis |
Cancer bacteria are bacteria infectious organisms that are known or suspected to cause cancer. [ 1 ] While cancer-associated bacteria have long been considered to be opportunistic (i.e., infecting healthy tissues after cancer has already established itself), there is some evidence that bacteria may be directly carcinog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinogenic_bacteria |
Carcinology is a branch of zoology that consists of the study of crustaceans . Crustaceans are a large class of arthropods classified by having a hard exoskeleton made of chitin or chitin and calcium , three body regions, and jointed, paired appendages. [ 1 ] Crustaceans include lobsters , crayfish , shrimp , krill , c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinology |
Card image is a traditional term for a character string , usually 80 characters in length, that was, or could be, contained on a single punched card . IBM cards were 80 characters in length. UNIVAC cards were 90 characters in length. Card image files stored on magnetic tape or disk were usually used for simulated card... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_image |
Cardboard modeling or cardboard engineering is a form of modelling with paper , card stock , paperboard , and corrugated fiberboard . [ 1 ] The term cardboard engineering is sometimes used to differentiate from the craft of making decorative cards . It is often referred to as paper modelling although in practice card i... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardboard_modeling |
Cardiac markers are biomarkers measured to evaluate heart function. They can be useful in the early prediction or diagnosis of disease. [ 1 ] Although they are often discussed in the context of myocardial infarction , other conditions can lead to an elevation in cardiac marker level. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Cardiac markers are us... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_marker |
Cardiac pathology is the subspecialty of pathology which deals with diseases and disorders that affect the heart . It encompasses a broad range of conditions, including structural, functional, and biochemical abnormalities that impair the pumping activities of the heart.
Cardiac pathology is closely tied to evolution o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_pathology |
Cardinal Warde (born July 14, 1945) is a Professor of Electrical Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology . He works on optoelectronic materials for information processing, communications and holography. Warde is involved with education policy in the Caribbean , acting as a scientific advisor for the Govern... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_Warde |
The four cardinal directions or cardinal points are the four main compass directions : north (N), south (S), east (E), and west (W). The corresponding azimuths ( clockwise horizontal angle from north) are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.
The four ordinal directions or intercardinal directions are northeast (NE), southeast (SE... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_direction |
In set theory , the cardinality of the continuum is the cardinality or "size" of the set of real numbers R {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} } , sometimes called the continuum . It is an infinite cardinal number and is denoted by c {\displaystyle {\mathbf {\mathfrak {c}}}} (lowercase Fraktur " c ") or | R | . {\displaystyle {... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinality_of_the_continuum |
The Cardington Fire Tests were a series of large-scale fire tests conducted in real structures (wood, steel-concrete composite, and concrete) at the BRE Cardington facility near Cardington, Bedfordshire , England , during the mid-1990s. After the tests, extensive computational and analytical studies of the behaviour o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardington_test |
Cardiophysics is an interdisciplinary science that stands at the junction of cardiology and medical physics , with researchers using the methods of, and theories from, physics to study cardiovascular system at different levels of its organisation, from the molecular scale to whole organisms. Being formed historically a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiophysics |
Cardiovascular Cell Therapy Research Network ( CCTRN ) is a network of physicians , scientists , and support staff dedicated to studying stem cell therapy for treating heart disease . The CCTRN is funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and includes expert researchers with experience in cardiovascular care at... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovascular_Cell_Therapy_Research_Network |
Caretaker genes encode products that stabilize the genome. Fundamentally, mutations in caretaker genes lead to genomic instability . Tumor cells arise from two distinct classes of genomic instability: mutational instability arising from changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA and chromosomal instability arising from... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caretaker_gene |
The cargo control room , CCR , or cargo office of a tankship is where the person in charge (PIC) can monitor and control the loading and unloading of the ship's liquid cargo. Prevalent on automated vessels, the CCR may be in its own room, or located on the ship's bridge . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Among other things, the equipment ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_control_room |
A cargo net is a type of net used for transferring cargo to and from ships. It is usually square or rectangular, but sometimes round, made of thick rope , with cinch ropes extending from the corners, and in some designs, the edges.
In shipping , cargo lift nets are used to load and unload cargo. The net is spread out ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_net |
Cargo scanning or non-intrusive inspection ( NII ) refers to non-destructive methods of inspecting and identifying goods in transportation systems. It is often used for scanning of intermodal freight shipping containers . In the US, it is spearheaded by the Department of Homeland Security and its Container Security Ini... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cargo_scanning |
The Caribbean Initiative is an initiative of the IUCN ( International Union for the Conservation of Nature ). It focuses on the Insular Caribbean - an ecologically coherent unit with unique biodiversity where conservation and natural resource management issues are at the heart of the challenge of sustainable developme... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean_Initiative |
The caridoid escape reaction , also known as lobstering or tail-flipping , is an innate escape behavior in marine and freshwater eucarid crustaceans such as lobsters , krill , shrimp and crayfish .
The reaction, most extensively researched in crayfish, allows crustaceans to escape predators through rapid abdominal fle... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caridoid_escape_reaction |
The Carius halogen method in analytical chemistry is a method for the quantitative determination of halogens in chemical substances . [ 1 ]
A known mass of an organic compound is heated with fuming nitric acid in the presence of silver nitrate contained in a hard glass tube known as carius tube, in a furnace. Carbon a... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carius_halogen_method |
Carl Gustav " Peter " Hempel ( / ˈ h ɛ m p əl / ; [ 5 ] German: [ˈhɛmpl̩] ; January 8, 1905 – November 9, 1997) was a German writer , philosopher , logician, and epistemologist . He was a major figure in logical empiricism , a 20th-century movement in the philosophy of science . Hempel articulated the deductive-nomolog... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Gustav_Hempel |
Carl J. Hudecek (born December 3, 1934) is an American, internationally known expert on sealing glasses , [ 1 ] metal expansion and contraction , and metal oxidation processes for glass sealing. Hudecek holds or co-holds many U.S. and international patents in sealing glasses, television picture tube materials and proce... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Hudecek |
Carl Jeffrey Posy ( Hebrew : קרל פוזי ) is an Israeli philosopher. He is a full professor emeritus in the Department of Philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Jerusalem , Israel. [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Carl Posy received his PhD degree from Yale University in the United States in 1971. [ 2 ]
Posy's areas of researc... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Posy |
Carl Edward Sagan ( / ˈ s eɪ ɡ ən / ; SAY -gən ; November 9, 1934 – December 20, 1996) was an American astronomer , planetary scientist and science communicator . His best known scientific contribution is his research on the possibility of extraterrestrial life , including experimental demonstration of the production o... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Sagan |
The Carl Sagan Medal for Excellence in Public Communication in Planetary Science is an award established by the Division for Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society to recognize and honor outstanding communication by an active planetary scientist to the general public. [ 1 ] It is awarded to scientists ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Sagan_Medal |
The Carl Sagan Memorial Award is an award presented jointly by the American Astronautical Society and The Planetary Society to an individual or group "who has demonstrated leadership in research or policies advancing exploration of the Cosmos ." The annual award, first presented in 1997, was created in honor of America... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Sagan_Memorial_Award |
Carl Wilhelm Wagner (25 May 1901 – 10 December 1977) was a German physical chemist . He is best known for his pioneering work on solid-state chemistry , where his work on oxidation rate theory, counter diffusion of ions and defect chemistry led to a better understanding of how reactions take place at the atomic level. ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Wagner |
Carl Wilhelm Borchardt (22 February 1817 – 27 June 1880) was a German mathematician .
Borchardt was born to a Jewish family in Berlin . [ 1 ] His father, Moritz, was a respected merchant, and his mother was Emma Heilborn. [ 1 ] Borchardt studied under a number of tutors, including Julius Plücker and Jakob Steiner . He... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Borchardt |
Carl Paul Gottfried von Linde (11 June 1842 – 16 November 1934) was a German scientist, engineer, and businessman. He discovered the refrigeration cycle and invented the first industrial-scale air separation and gas liquefaction processes, which led to the first reliable and efficient compressed-ammonia refrigerator in... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_von_Linde |
In mathematics, particularly, in analysis , Carleman's condition gives a sufficient condition for the determinacy of the moment problem . That is, if a measure μ {\displaystyle \mu } satisfies Carleman's condition, there is no other measure ν {\displaystyle \nu } having the same moments as μ . {\displaystyle \mu .} The... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carleman's_condition |
In mathematics , Carleman's equation is a Fredholm integral equation of the first kind with a logarithmic kernel . Its solution was first given by Torsten Carleman in 1922.
The equation is
The solution for b − a ≠ 4 is
If b − a = 4 then the equation is solvable only if the following condition is satisfied
In this c... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carleman's_equation |
Carleman's inequality is an inequality in mathematics , named after Torsten Carleman , who proved it in 1923 [ 1 ] and used it to prove the Denjoy–Carleman theorem on quasi-analytic classes. [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Let a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , … {\displaystyle a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},\dots } be a sequence of non-negative real numbers , then
... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carleman's_inequality |
In mathematics, Carleman linearization (or Carleman embedding ) is a technique to transform a finite-dimensional nonlinear dynamical system into an infinite-dimensional linear system. It was introduced by the Swedish mathematician Torsten Carleman in 1932. [ 1 ] Carleman linearization is related to composition operator... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carleman_linearization |
In mathematics , the Carlitz–Wan conjecture classifies the possible degrees of exceptional polynomials over a finite field F q of q elements. A polynomial f ( x ) in F q [ x ] of degree d is called exceptional over F q if every irreducible factor (differing from x − y ) or ( f ( x ) − f ( y ))/( x − y )) over F q becom... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlitz–Wan_conjecture |
Carlo Floriani was an inorganic chemist who gained renown for contributions to organometallic and coordination chemistry . He was born in Casalmaggiore, Cremona ( Italy ) in 1940 and died in 2005. He held positions at the University of Pisa , Columbia University , and Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne . [ 1 ] He had been ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Floriani |
Carlos Matheus Silva Santos (born May 1, 1984 in Aracaju ) is a Brazilian mathematician working in dynamical systems , analysis and geometry . He is research director at the CNRS , in Paris . [ 1 ]
He earned his Ph.D. from the Instituto de Matemática Pura e Aplicada (IMPA) in 2004 under the supervision of Marcelo Vian... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Matheus |
Carlos Silva Acuña , a native of Mexico and a Canadian citizen, is a chemical physicist. He serves as a full professor in the Departments of Physics and Chemistry at the Université de Montréal and holds the Canada Excellence Research Chair in Light-Matter Interactions. He has been the Director of the Institut Courtois ... | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Silva_Acuña |
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