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2,200 | Thus the multiset of solutions of the equation could be {3, 5}, or it could be {4, 4}. In the latter case it has a solution of multiplicity 2. More generally, the fundamental theorem of algebra asserts that the complex solutions of a polynomial equation of degree d always form a multiset of cardinality d. A special cas... | Multiset coefficient | 0.8384 |
2,201 | This addition will look like A + B = <-10, 0>N + <0, -8>N = <-10, -8>N which is the vector representation of the resultant force. By the Pythagorean theorem, the magnitude of the resultant force is 1/2 ≈ 12.8 N, which is also the magnitude of the equilibrant force. The angle of the equilibrant force can be found by tri... | Equilibrant force | 0.838398 |
2,202 | The University of Southern California graduate school of electrical engineering required doctoral students to pass an oral screening exam, in which there were eight categories of test questions. Reed always asked the questions about electromagnetism and specifically Maxwell's equations, which he obviously viewed as fun... | Irving S. Reed | 0.838397 |
2,203 | In biology, much of what we understand to be protein-based molecular motors may also in fact be Brownian motors. These molecular motors facilitate critical cellular processes in living organisms and, indeed, are fundamental to life itself. Researchers have made significant advances in terms of examining these organic p... | Brownian motor | 0.838396 |
2,204 | Two boundary conditions can be obtained by defining the voltage as well as the current at the beginning of a metallic pad area as V 0 {\displaystyle V_{0}} and I 0 {\displaystyle I_{0}} respectively. In a formal manner this means that V ( x = 0 ) = V 0 {\displaystyle V(x=0)=V_{0}} and I ( x = 0 ) = I 0 {\displaystyle I... | Transmission line measurement | 0.838395 |
2,205 | Theorem: - a as the additive inverse element for a is unique. | Proofs of elementary ring properties | 0.838393 |
2,206 | The SOLiD Sequencing System uses probes with dual base encoding. The underlying chemistry is summarized in the following steps:- Step 1, Preparing a Library: This step begins with shearing the genomic DNA into small fragments. Then, two different adapters are added (for example A1 and A2). The resulting library contain... | 2 Base Encoding | 0.838392 |
2,207 | The method of elimination is iterative. One looks at the answers, determines that several answers are unfit, eliminates these, and repeats, until one cannot eliminate any more. This iteration is most effectively applied when there is logical structure between the answers – that is to say, when by eliminating an answer ... | Process of elimination | 0.838392 |
2,208 | Two basic types of false position method can be distinguished historically, simple false position and double false position. Simple false position is aimed at solving problems involving direct proportion. Such problems can be written algebraically in the form: determine x such that a x = b , {\displaystyle ax=b,} if a ... | False position | 0.838391 |
2,209 | Further, the question of what constitutes as being a living organism has been contentious, as "alive" represents a nebulous term that encompasses molecular evolution, biological modeling, biophysics, and systems biology. From the past decade onwards, bioinformatics and the analysis of biological data have been thriving... | Biological data | 0.838384 |
2,210 | The Boolean algebras we have seen so far have all been concrete, consisting of bit vectors or equivalently of subsets of some set. Such a Boolean algebra consists of a set and operations on that set which can be shown to satisfy the laws of Boolean algebra. Instead of showing that the Boolean laws are satisfied, we can... | Switching algebra | 0.838381 |
2,211 | In biological systems, nucleic acids contain information which is used by a living cell to construct specific proteins. The sequence of nucleobases on a nucleic acid strand is translated by cell machinery into a sequence of amino acids making up a protein strand. Each group of three bases, called a codon, corresponds t... | Genetic information | 0.83838 |
2,212 | Discrete Mathematics. 185 (1–3): 245–248. doi:10.1016/S0012-365X(97)00213-6. | Dominique de Caen | 0.838376 |
2,213 | Instead, these complexities are handled in the ON-units for the various file conditions. The same approach was adopted for AREA sub-allocation and the AREA condition. The existence of exception handling ON-units can have an effect on optimization, because variables can be inspected or altered in ON-units. | PL/I programming language | 0.838362 |
2,214 | There are a number of simple optimizations or implementation details that can significantly affect the performance of an A* implementation. The first detail to note is that the way the priority queue handles ties can have a significant effect on performance in some situations. If ties are broken so the queue behaves in... | A-star algorithm | 0.838359 |
2,215 | The van Hieles claim that much of the difficulty experienced by geometry students is due to being taught at the Deduction level when they have not yet achieved the Abstraction level. 2. Adjacency: properties which are intrinsic at one level become extrinsic at the next. | Van Hiele model | 0.838359 |
2,216 | Axiom of dimensionality: For planar ordered geometry, all points are in one plane. Or If ABC is a plane, then there exists a point D not in the plane ABC. | Ordered geometry | 0.838358 |
2,217 | Let G {\displaystyle G} be a group, and N {\displaystyle N} a normal subgroup of G {\displaystyle G} . The canonical projection homomorphism G → G / N {\displaystyle G\rightarrow G/N} defines a bijective correspondence between the set of subgroups of G {\displaystyle G} containing N {\displaystyle N} and the set of (al... | 1st isomorphism theorem | 0.838354 |
2,218 | The word problem for a finitely generated group is the decision problem of whether two words in the generators of the group represent the same element. The word problem for a given finitely generated group is solvable if and only if the group can be embedded in every algebraically closed group. The rank of a group is o... | Finitely generated subgroup | 0.838348 |
2,219 | Book 3 focuses on circles, while the 4th discusses regular polygons, especially the pentagon. Book 5 is among the work's most important sections and presents what is usually termed as the "general theory of proportion". Book 6 utilizes the "theory of ratios" in the context of plane geometry. | Euclid | 0.838345 |
2,220 | This formula obviously excludes the (infinite) energy that would be required to assemble each point charge from a disperse cloud of charge. The sum over charges can be converted into an integral over charge density using the prescription ∑ ( ⋯ ) → ∫ ( ⋯ ) ρ d 3 r {\textstyle \sum (\cdots )\rightarrow \int (\cdots )\rho... | Static eliminator | 0.83834 |
2,221 | A Diophantine equation is a (usually multivariate) polynomial equation with integer coefficients for which one is interested in the integer solutions. Algebraic geometry is the study of the solutions in an algebraically closed field of multivariate polynomial equations. Two equations are equivalent if they have the sam... | Polynomial equations | 0.83834 |
2,222 | The syllabus of the competition contains subjects from several areas of chemistry, including organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and spectroscopy. Though some of these subjects are included in most secondary school chemistry programs, for the most part, they a... | International Chemistry Olympiad | 0.838327 |
2,223 | However, if the nitrogen-14 (14N) nucleus was composed of 14 protons and 7 electrons, an odd number of spin-1/2 particles, then the resultant nuclear spin should be half-integer. Kronig therefore suggested that perhaps "protons and electrons do not retain their identity to the extent they do outside the nucleus". : 299... | Discovery of the neutron | 0.83832 |
2,224 | Physics – Plasticity – Plastic moment – Poisson's ratio – Position vector – Pressure – Product lifecycle management – Professional engineer – Project management – Pulley – Pump – Pile foundation | Index of civil engineering articles | 0.838316 |
2,225 | A polynomial f of degree n greater than one, which is irreducible over Fq, defines a field extension of degree n which is isomorphic to the field with qn elements: the elements of this extension are the polynomials of degree lower than n; addition, subtraction and multiplication by an element of Fq are those of the pol... | Factorization of polynomials over finite fields | 0.838312 |
2,226 | In California, suggestions that Algebra II should be de-emphasized in favor of Data Science (a combination of algebra, statistics, and computer science) has faced severe criticism out of concerns that such a pathway would leave students ill-prepared for collegiate education. In 2023, the faculty of the University of Ca... | Mathematics education in the United States | 0.838309 |
2,227 | From the Morey-Schreinemaker Coincidence Theorem, Schreinemaker's Rules can be determined. These rules can be used in the creation of an accurate phase diagram where both axes are intensive thermodynamic variables. There are many correct collections of "Schreinemaker's Rules" and the choice to use a given set of rules ... | Schreinemaker's analysis | 0.838308 |
2,228 | The term genomics, referring to the organism's whole genome, is also used to refer to gene informatics, or the collection and storage of genetic data, including the functional information associated with the genes, and the analysis of the data as combinations, patterns and networks by computer algorithms. Systems biolo... | Genetic susceptibility | 0.838289 |
2,229 | In this case, it implies that a = –b, so the equation should read 5 − 9 2 = − ( 4 − 9 2 ) {\displaystyle 5-{\frac {9}{2}}=-\left(4-{\frac {9}{2}}\right)} which, by adding 9/2 on both sides, correctly reduces to 5 = 5. Another example illustrating the danger of taking the square root of both sides of an equation involve... | Mathematical fallacies | 0.838282 |
2,230 | Consider a relation of the form R(x1, …, xn) = 0, where R is a multivariable polynomial. The set of the values of the variables that satisfy this relation is called an implicit curve if n = 2 and an implicit surface if n = 3. The implicit equations are the basis of algebraic geometry, whose basic subjects of study are ... | Implicit differentiation | 0.83828 |
2,231 | Of the two, lateral dynamics has proven to be the more complicated, requiring three-dimensional, multibody dynamic analysis with at least two generalized coordinates to analyze. At a minimum, two coupled, second-order differential equations are required to capture the principal motions. Exact solutions are not possible... | Bike physics | 0.838272 |
2,232 | For example, an experimental uncertainty analysis of an undergraduate physics lab experiment in which a pendulum can estimate the value of the local gravitational acceleration constant g. The relevant equation for an idealized simple pendulum is, approximately, T = 2 π L g E q ( 1 ) {\displaystyle T\,=\,2\,\pi \,{\sqr... | Experimental uncertainty analysis | 0.838268 |
2,233 | The study of integer points in convex polyhedra is motivated by questions such as "how many nonnegative integer-valued solutions does a system of linear equations with nonnegative coefficients have" or "how many solutions does an integer linear program have". Counting integer points in polyhedra or other questions abou... | Integer points in polyhedra | 0.83826 |
2,234 | Physics Today. 53 (2): 11–14. Bibcode:2000PhT....53b..11A. | Philip W. Anderson | 0.838258 |
2,235 | Aerospace Engineering Automatics and Robotics Mechanical Engineering Power Engineering Nuclear engineering | Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering of Warsaw University of Technology | 0.838247 |
2,236 | The running time of this algorithm when run on a polyline consisting of n – 1 segments and n vertices is given by the recurrence T(n) = T(i + 1) + T(n − i) + O(n) where i = 1, 2,..., n − 2 is the value of index in the pseudocode. In the worst case, i = 1 or i = n − 2 at each recursive invocation and this algorithm has ... | Ramer–Douglas–Peucker algorithm | 0.838246 |
2,237 | High-throughput nature of these devices allow thousands of microbial probes for species specific and even strain-specific identification at the same time on a single chip, reducing the amount of sample needed to conduct multiple tests. Potential threats posed by use of bacteria, viruses and fungi as biological weapons ... | MAGIChip | 0.838241 |
2,238 | This final step finds the required functions that are 'hidden' behind the derivatives given to us originally. There are two functions, because our differential equations deal with two variables. The equation which involves all the pieces of information that we have previously found, has the following form: = A e λ 1 t... | Matrix differential equation | 0.838237 |
2,239 | He also developed techniques used to solve three non-linear simultaneous equations with three unknown variables. One unique feature of his works was trying to find all the possible solutions to some of his problems, including one where he found 2676 solutions. His works formed an important foundation for the developmen... | Roman mathematics | 0.838233 |
2,240 | In mathematics, especially in the area of algebra known as group theory, a complement of a subgroup H in a group G is a subgroup K of G such that G = H K = { h k: h ∈ H , k ∈ K } and H ∩ K = { e } . {\displaystyle G=HK=\{hk:h\in H,k\in K\}{\text{ and }}H\cap K=\{e\}.} Equivalently, every element of G has a unique expre... | Complement (group theory) | 0.838222 |
2,241 | Let G and H be groups, and let f: G → H be a homomorphism. Then: The kernel of f is a normal subgroup of G, The image of f is a subgroup of H, and The image of f is isomorphic to the quotient group G / ker(f).In particular, if f is surjective then H is isomorphic to G / ker(f). This theorem is usually called the first ... | First ring isomorphism theorem | 0.838215 |
2,242 | Following classical probability arguments, we consider a large urn containing two children. We assume equal probability that either is a boy or a girl. The three discernible cases are thus: both are girls (GG) – with probability P(GG) = 1/4, both are boys (BB) – with probability of P(BB) = 1/4, and one of each (G·B) – ... | Two child problem | 0.838214 |
2,243 | Vol. 5 (3rd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-3372-7.Volume 5 covers general statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and applications, including chemical reactions, phase transitions, and condensed matter physics. | Course of Theoretical Physics | 0.838213 |
2,244 | For example, in medicine it can be used to identify, diagnose and potentially develop treatments for genetic diseases. Similarly, research into pathogens may lead to treatments for contagious diseases. Biotechnology is a burgeoning discipline, with the potential for many useful products and services. | Nucleic acid sequence | 0.838205 |
2,245 | Newly developed and offered undergraduate programs across the United States, often coupled to the chemical engineering program, allow students to achieve a B.S. degree. According to ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology), biomolecular engineering curricula "must provide thorough grounding in the basi... | Biomolecular engineering | 0.838189 |
2,246 | Interactions with finite group theory, particularly progress in the study of subgroup growth. Studying subgroups and lattices in linear groups, such as S L ( n , R ) {\displaystyle SL(n,\mathbb {R} )} , and of other Lie groups, via geometric methods (e.g. buildings), algebro-geometric tools (e.g. algebraic groups and r... | Geometric group theory | 0.838185 |
2,247 | Theoretical problems that need computational investigation are often the concern of computational physics. Theoretical advances may consist in setting aside old, incorrect paradigms (e.g., aether theory of light propagation, caloric theory of heat, burning consisting of evolving phlogiston, or astronomical bodies revol... | Theoretical Physics | 0.838182 |
2,248 | Biomolecular structure prediction is the prediction of the three-dimensional structure of a protein from its amino acid sequence, or of a nucleic acid from its nucleobase (base) sequence. In other words, it is the prediction of secondary and tertiary structure from its primary structure. Structure prediction is the inv... | Biomolecular structure | 0.838181 |
2,249 | The others can be obtained by permuting and changing the signs of the non-scalar basis elements {e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7}. The 480 different algebras are isomorphic, and there is rarely a need to consider which particular multiplication rule is used. Each of these 480 definitions is invariant up to signs under some ... | Cayley numbers | 0.838173 |
2,250 | Activation function of a node in an artificial neural network is a function that calculates the output of the node (based on its inputs and the weights on individual inputs). Nontrivial problems can be solved only using a nonlinear activation function. Modern activation functions include the smooth version of the ReLU,... | Activation function | 0.838164 |
2,251 | The transcription-translation process description, mentioning only the most basic ”elementary” processes, consists of: production of mRNA molecules (including splicing), initiation of these molecules with help of initiation factors (e.g., the initiation can include the circularization step though it is not universally ... | Peptide termination factor | 0.838161 |
2,252 | The science of the tertiary structure of proteins has progressed from one of hypothesis to one of detailed definition. Although Emil Fischer had suggested proteins were made of polypeptide chains and amino acid side chains, it was Dorothy Maud Wrinch who incorporated geometry into the prediction of protein structures. ... | Tertiary structure | 0.838156 |
2,253 | In computer science, an optimal binary search tree (Optimal BST), sometimes called a weight-balanced binary tree, is a binary search tree which provides the smallest possible search time (or expected search time) for a given sequence of accesses (or access probabilities). Optimal BSTs are generally divided into two typ... | Dynamic optimality | 0.838154 |
2,254 | Normally, a write-back cache holding dirty data must interrupt the write operation long enough to write its own dirty data first. If the write is performed using this command, the data to be written back is guaranteed to be irrelevant, and may simply be invalidated in the write-back cache. This optimization only affect... | PCI bus | 0.838147 |
2,255 | Classifying data is a common task in machine learning. Suppose some given data points each belong to one of two classes, and the goal is to decide which class a new data point will be in. In the case of support vector machines, a data point is viewed as a p {\displaystyle p} -dimensional vector (a list of p {\displayst... | Support Vector Machine | 0.838143 |
2,256 | It is also exploited as a reasonably efficient mechanism for performing highly combinatorial evaluations of facts where large numbers of joins must be performed between fact tuples. Other approaches to performing rule evaluation, such as the use of decision trees, or the implementation of sequential engines, may be mor... | Rete algorithm | 0.838137 |
2,257 | The eluted unbound proteins are highly concentrated with the N-terminal peptides and neo-N-terminal peptides. This eluted sample is then quantified and analysis completed by MS/MS. The final step in TAILS involves bioinformatics. Using a hierarchical substrate winnowing process that discriminates from background proteo... | Terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates | 0.838132 |
2,258 | Consider three different undecidable proposition, none of which provenly imply another. They can ben used to define three subclasses of the singleton 1 {\displaystyle 1} , none of which are provenly the same. In this view, the powerclass P 1 {\displaystyle {\mathcal {P}}_{1}} of the singleton, usually denoted by Ω {\di... | Constructive set theory | 0.838127 |
2,259 | This optimization reduces the number of required element movements, the running time and the temporary space overhead in the general case. Example: two runs and must be merged. Note that both runs are already sorted individually. | Timsort | 0.83812 |
2,260 | Important results in complexity theory allow us to relate this complexity class with other classes, telling us about the relative power of the resources involved. Results in the field of algorithms, on the other hand, tell us which problems can be solved with this resource. Like much of complexity theory, many importan... | NL (complexity class) | 0.838115 |
2,261 | Constitutive equation Laws of science Defining equation (physical chemistry) Defining equation (physics) List of equations in classical mechanics Table of thermodynamic equations List of equations in wave theory List of electromagnetism equations List of relativistic equations List of equations in fluid mechanics List ... | List of equations | 0.838114 |
2,262 | The Hebrew letter ב 2. A beth number בα Beth Evert Willem Beth, as in Beth definability BG Bernays–Gödel set theory without the axiom of choice BGC Bernays–Gödel set theory with the axiom of choice boldface The boldface hierarchy is a hierarchy of subsets of a Polish space, definable by second-order formulas with param... | Glossary of set theory | 0.838109 |
2,263 | The zero-degree relation with cardinality zero therefore represents false because it contains no tuples that yield a true proposition, and the zero-degree relation with cardinality 1 represents true because it contains the unique 0-tuple that yields a true proposition. The zero-degree relations are also significant as ... | Relation of degree zero | 0.838101 |
2,264 | It is sometimes called integer division, and denoted by "//".Dividing integers in a computer program requires special care. Some programming languages treat integer division as in case 5 above, so the answer is an integer. Other languages, such as MATLAB and every computer algebra system return a rational number as the... | Division (mathematics) | 0.838096 |
2,265 | Another special case is the class of problems where each clause contains XOR (i.e. exclusive or) rather than (plain) OR operators. This is in P, since an XOR-SAT formula can also be viewed as a system of linear equations mod 2, and can be solved in cubic time by Gaussian elimination; see the box for an example. This re... | Boolean satisfiability problem | 0.838084 |
2,266 | In addition to disease-related research, the Rosetta@home network serves as a testing framework for new methods in structural bioinformatics. Such methods are then used in other Rosetta-based applications, like RosettaDock or the Human Proteome Folding Project and the Microbiome Immunity Project, after being sufficient... | Rosetta@home | 0.83808 |
2,267 | Deep learning uses several layers of neurons between the network's inputs and outputs. The multiple layers can progressively extract higher-level features from the raw input. For example, in image processing, lower layers may identify edges, while higher layers may identify the concepts relevant to a human such as digi... | Artificial Intelligence | 0.83808 |
2,268 | Algae biofuels such as butanol and methanol are produced both at laboratory and commercial scales. This method has benefited from the development of synthetic biology, which is also being explored by the J. Craig Venter Institute to produce a synthetic organism capable of biofuel production. In 2017, an efficient proce... | Artificial Photosynthesis | 0.838077 |
2,269 | On modern aircraft, the CSD is often combined with a generator into a single unit known as an integrated drive generator (IDG). Control engineering – or control systems engineering, is an engineering discipline that applies automatic control theory to design systems with desired behaviors in control environments. The d... | Glossary of aerospace engineering | 0.838075 |
2,270 | Unlike other introductory-level general biology textbooks, Biology Today: An Issues Approach is unique in the sense that it has an issues-oriented approach towards the teaching of biology concepts which emphasizes coherent understanding of the given material. The goal of the book isn't to give any straightforward answe... | Biology Today: An Issues Approach | 0.838074 |
2,271 | At least one year of university-level mathematics education was incorporated into the later courses. Solving traditional applications problems was de-emphasized, especially in the earlier courses, but the intent of the project was to make up for that with its focus on real numbers in measurements, computer programming,... | Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum Improvement Study | 0.838065 |
2,272 | Thermodynamics. Statistical physics 537 Electricity. Magnetism. | Universal Decimal Classification | 0.838055 |
2,273 | Actin was first observed experimentally in 1887 by W.D. Halliburton, who extracted a protein from muscle that 'coagulated' preparations of myosin that he called "myosin-ferment". However, Halliburton was unable to further refine his findings, and the discovery of actin is credited instead to Brunó Ferenc Straub, a youn... | F actin | 0.838053 |
2,274 | A manual of geometry for non-mathematicians, like land surveyors and other government officials, which presents a set of rules for calculating the volume and surface area of solids (mainly rectangular parallelepipeds, right circular prisms, square pyramids, and circular cones). The first few chapters contain rules for ... | Abu Kamil | 0.838052 |
2,275 | It is typically taught to secondary school students and at introductory college level in the United states, and builds on their understanding of arithmetic. The use of variables to denote quantities allows general relationships between quantities to be formally and concisely expressed, and thus enables solving a broade... | Elementary algebra | 0.838045 |
2,276 | Given a positive integer n, the set of all positive divisors of n forms a distributive lattice, again with the greatest common divisor as meet and the least common multiple as join. This is a Boolean algebra if and only if n is square-free. A lattice-ordered vector space is a distributive lattice. | Distributive lattice | 0.83804 |
2,277 | The actual force increased from 0 to F during the deformation; the work done can be computed by integration in distance. Clapeyron's equation, which uses the final force only, may be puzzling at first, but is nevertheless true because it includes a corrective factor of one half. Another theorem, the theorem of three mo... | Clapeyron's theorem | 0.838038 |
2,278 | Classically, the electromagnetic field surrounding them has a momentum density given by the Poynting vector, and it also has a total angular momentum, which is proportional to the product qeqm, and is independent of the distance between them. Quantum mechanics dictates, however, that angular momentum is quantized as a ... | Dirac quantization condition | 0.838036 |
2,279 | In modern quantum mechanics however, n determines the mean distance of the electron from the nucleus; all electrons with the same value of n lie at the same average distance. For this reason, orbitals with the same value of n are said to comprise a "shell". Orbitals with the same value of n and also the same value of ℓ... | P orbitals | 0.838033 |
2,280 | This is among the oldest unsolved problems in universal algebra. Until it is answered, the theory of finite algebras is incomplete since, given a finite algebra, it is unknown whether there are, a priori, any restrictions on the shape of its congruence lattice. | Finite lattice representation problem | 0.838022 |
2,281 | The only difference is that as a first step, before computing the nim-sums we must reduce the sizes of the heaps modulo k + 1. If this makes all the heaps of size zero (in misère play), the winning move is to take k objects from one of the heaps. In particular, in ideal play from a single heap of n objects, the second ... | Nim | 0.83802 |
2,282 | High throughput experiments using expressed sequence tags (ESTs) or DNA microarrays can be a powerful tool for genome annotation – a general aspect of genomics. Sequence analysis Sequence clustering is used to group homologous sequences into gene families. This is a very important concept in bioinformatics, and evoluti... | Cluster tendency | 0.838018 |
2,283 | Chapter 16: "Plenary Debate: Quantum Effects in Biology: Trivial or Not?" For panel: Paul C. W. Davies, Stuart Hameroff, Anton Zeilinger, Derek Abbott; Against panel: Jens Eisert, Howard M. Wiseman, Sergey M. Bezrukov, Hans Frauenfelder; Debate chair: Julio Gea-Banacloche; Transcript Editor: Derek Abbott. Chapter 17: "... | Quantum Aspects of Life | 0.838012 |
2,284 | Individual LCS rules are typically human readable IF:THEN expression. Rules that constitute the LCS prediction model can be ranked by different rule parameters and manually inspected. Global strategies to guide knowledge discovery using statistical and graphical have also been proposed. With respect to other advanced m... | Learning classifier system | 0.838009 |
2,285 | This book is aimed at beginning graduate students, although it could also be used by advanced undergraduates. Its many exercises make it suitable as a course textbook, and serve both to fill in details from the exposition in the book, and to provide pointers to additional topics. Although some mathematical sophisticati... | Introduction to Lattices and Order | 0.838009 |
2,286 | The result OB > OC corresponds again to above. The word "measure" is important. In classical physics an observer cannot affect an observed object, but the object's state of motion can affect the observer's observations of the object. | Space Time Continuum | 0.838006 |
2,287 | The removal process of the RNA primer requires several enzymes, such as Fen1, Lig1, and others that work in coordination with DNA polymerase, to ensure the removal of the RNA nucleotides and the addition of DNA nucleotides. Living organisms use solely RNA primers, while laboratory techniques in biochemistry and molecul... | RNA primer | 0.837999 |
2,288 | Adjusting a solar panel to the optimal angle to maximize its output. Measuring the slope angle of a tape or chain during distance measurement. Measuring the height of a building, tree, or other feature using a vertical angle and a distance (determined by taping or pacing), using trigonometry. | Inclinometer | 0.837996 |
2,289 | Computational chemistry – use of numerical methods to probe the structure and dynamical equilibrium in biological systems. Cryobiology – Dual Polarisation Interferometry – analytical technique used to measure the real-time conformation and activity of a wide range of biomolecules and their interactions. Electrophysiolo... | Biophysical techniques | 0.837993 |
2,290 | An homomorphism of algebraic structures is an isomorphism if and only if it is a bijection. The inverse of a bijection is called an inverse function. In the other cases, one talks of inverse isomorphisms. | Left inverse element | 0.83799 |
2,291 | Generally the focus of study is ”orphan” illnesses with little or no investment by major pharmaceutical companies and include parasitic infection such as malaria and leishmaniasis, viral diseases such as dengue fever and other arboviruses, and bacterial illnesses like traveler's diarrhea (ETEC, campylobacter, shigella)... | Naval Medical Research Unit Three | 0.83799 |
2,292 | ALDEx2 uses compositional data analysis and can be applied to RNAseq, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and selective growth experiments. Alexa-Seq is a pipeline that makes possible to perform gene expression analysis, transcript specific expression analysis, exon junction expression and quantitative al... | List of RNA-Seq bioinformatics tools | 0.837988 |
2,293 | As an alternative to probabilistic methods, heuristic methods exist for performing variant calling on NGS data. Instead of modelling the distribution of the observed data and using Bayesian statistics to calculate genotype probabilities, variant calls are made based on a variety of heuristic factors, such as minimum al... | SNV calling from NGS data | 0.837982 |
2,294 | In computer science, a double-ended priority queue (DEPQ) or double-ended heap is a data structure similar to a priority queue or heap, but allows for efficient removal of both the maximum and minimum, according to some ordering on the keys (items) stored in the structure. Every element in a DEPQ has a priority or valu... | Double-ended priority queue | 0.837976 |
2,295 | (Agronomy, Molecular biology, Genetics) Setaria viridis, emerging model grass for C4 photosynthesis and related bioenergy grasses. Lotus japonicus, model legume used to study the symbiosis responsible for nitrogen fixation. (Agronomy, Molecular biology)Lemna gibba, rapidly growing aquatic monocot, one of the smallest f... | List of model organisms | 0.837967 |
2,296 | Division of Plant Breeding & Genetics Division of Pulses Division of Horticulture | Regional Agricultural Research Station, Pattambi | 0.837965 |
2,297 | In mathematics, especially in the area of algebra known as group theory, the term Z-group refers to a number of distinct types of groups: in the study of finite groups, a Z-group is a finite group whose Sylow subgroups are all cyclic. in the study of infinite groups, a Z-group is a group which possesses a very general ... | Z-group | 0.837964 |
2,298 | However, with multiplexity, the costs are amortized. For instance, at a multiplexity level of 1000, the costs become $0.01 per probe for each assay. MIP reaction conditions may require optimization, which is particularly important for assaying heterozygotic sites. | Molecular Inversion Probe | 0.837958 |
2,299 | The most common example is in measuring the pitch diameter of screw threads (which is also done with conical anvils or the 3-wire method, the latter of which uses similar geometry as the pair-of-balls approach). Bench micrometers are tools for inspection use whose accuracy and precision are around half a micrometre (20... | Micrometer (device) | 0.837958 |
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