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4,900 | order 1. Now called degree of an algebraic variety: the number of intersection points with a generic linear subspace of complementary dimension. | Glossary of classical algebraic geometry | 0.831634 |
4,901 | Every LP with an optimal solution has a PD-optimal basis, and it is found by the Simplex algorithm. However, its run-time is exponential in the worst case. Nimrod Megiddo proved the following theorems: There exists a strongly polynomial time algorithm that inputs an optimal solution to the primal LP and an optimal solu... | Basis of a linear program | 0.831633 |
4,902 | Some basic conventions, such as (1) that animal/human homolog (ortholog) pairs differ in letter case (title case and all caps, respectively) and (2) that the symbol is italicized when referring to the gene but nonitalic when referring to the protein, are often not followed by contributors to medical journals. Many jour... | Gene nomenclature | 0.831631 |
4,903 | In graph theory, the term fullerene refers to any 3-regular, planar graph with all faces of size 5 or 6 (including the external face). It follows from Euler's polyhedron formula, V – E + F = 2 (where V, E, F indicate the number of vertices, edges, and faces), that there are exactly 12 pentagons in a fullerene and h = V... | Gear graph | 0.831631 |
4,904 | Classical physics is usually based on differential equation models. This is why most old simulation programs are simply differential equation solvers and delegate solving difference-equations to “procedural program segments.”Some dynamic systems are modeled with differential equations that can only be presented in an i... | Dynamic simulation | 0.831631 |
4,905 | MIT press.Widely used as a text book in computational learning theory courses.1990. The computational complexity of machine learning. MIT press.Based on his 1989 doctoral dissertation; ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award Series in 19901989. | Michael Kearns (computer scientist) | 0.83163 |
4,906 | However, over large variations in distance, the approximation that g is constant is no longer valid, and we have to use calculus and the general mathematical definition of work to determine gravitational potential energy. For the computation of the potential energy, we can integrate the gravitational force, whose magni... | Nuclear potential energy | 0.831629 |
4,907 | Furthermore, they can learn aspects of symbolic reasoning and apply it to working memory. The researchers who published the method see promise that DNCs can be trained to perform complex, structured tasks and address big-data applications that require some sort of reasoning, such as generating video commentaries or sem... | Differentiable neural computer | 0.831627 |
4,908 | Brown attended Denison for a year before he dropped out and records of him even having an association with Biefeld are sketchy at best.Brown filed another patent in 1960 that detailed the physics of the Biefeld–Brown effect, making the following claims: There is a negative correlation between the distance between the p... | Biefeld–Brown effect | 0.831626 |
4,909 | The rotating disc and its connection with rigidity was also an important thought experiment for Albert Einstein in developing general relativity. He referred to it in several publications in 1912, 1916, 1917, 1922 and drew the insight from it, that the geometry of the disc becomes non-Euclidean for a co-rotating observ... | Ehrenfest paradox | 0.831626 |
4,910 | This can be used for round wire or litz wire transformers or inductors with multiple windings of arbitrary geometry with arbitrary current waveforms in each winding. The diameter of each strand should be less than 2 δ. It also assumes the magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of the wire, which is the case in mos... | Proximity effect (electromagnetism) | 0.831625 |
4,911 | In genetics, a reciprocal cross is a breeding experiment designed to test the role of parental sex on a given inheritance pattern. All parent organisms must be true breeding to properly carry out such an experiment. In one cross, a male expressing the trait of interest will be crossed with a female not expressing the t... | Reciprocal cross | 0.831623 |
4,912 | Neural Networks; particularly recurrent neural networks Training artificial neural networks when pre-classified training examples are not readily obtainable (neuroevolution) | List of genetic algorithm applications | 0.831623 |
4,913 | The MTech/M.S can be done in any of the following – M.S. in Astronomy & Astrophysics, MTech in Earth System Science, MTech in Machine Learning and Computing, MTech in Geoinformatics, MTech in Aerodynamics & Flight Mechanics, MTech in Structures and Design, MTech in Thermal and Propulsion, MTech in Control Systems, MTec... | Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology | 0.831622 |
4,914 | A bioinformatics analysis of prokaryotic LCRs identified 5 types of amino acid enrichment, for certain functional categories of LCRs: Proteins with GO terms related to polysaccharide binding and processing were enriched for serine and threonine in their LCRs. Proteins with GO terms related to RNA binding and processing... | Low complexity regions in proteins | 0.83162 |
4,915 | Unicellular – Organisms which are composed of only one cell. Multicellular – Organisms consisting of more than one cell and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions. Tissues – A collection of interconnected cells that perform a similar function within an organism. Cellular differentiation – A conc... | Outline of cell biology | 0.831616 |
4,916 | If the universe came to exist by chance, and perhaps vast numbers of other universes exist or have existed, then life capable of physics experiments only arose in universes that by chance had very balanced forces. All of the universes where the forces were not balanced didn't develop life capable of asking this questio... | Hierarchy problem | 0.83161 |
4,917 | The MinXSS mission is to measure the solar soft X-ray spectrum from about 0.5 keV (25 Å) to 30 keV (0.4 Å) with ~0.15 keV FWHM spectral resolution. This part of the solar electromagnetic spectrum is where the largest enhancement from solar flares is expected to occur. It also has an important impact on Earth ionospheri... | Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat | 0.83161 |
4,918 | In the past engineers working on new designs found that they did not have all the required information to make design decisions. Most often, they were limited by insufficient scientific knowledge. Thus they studied mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and mechanics. | Engineering | 0.831604 |
4,919 | Integer relation algorithms have numerous applications. The first application is to determine whether a given real number x is likely to be algebraic, by searching for an integer relation between a set of powers of x {1, x, x2, ..., xn}. The second application is to search for an integer relation between a real number ... | Integer relation algorithm | 0.831602 |
4,920 | 11 Logic 12 Mathematics 21 Astronomy, Astrophysics 22 Physics 23 Chemistry 24 Life Sciences 25 Earth and space science 31 Agricultural Sciences 32 Medical Sciences 33 Technological Sciences 51 Anthropology 52 Demography 53 Economic Sciences 54 Geography 55 History 56 Juridical Science and Law 57 Linguistics 58 Pedagogy... | UNESCO nomenclature | 0.831601 |
4,921 | In electrical engineering, a common scheme is to gather all the voltage variables on one side and all the current variables on the other regardless of which are inputs or outputs. This results in all the elements of the transfer matrix being in units of impedance. The concept of impedance (and hence impedance matrices)... | Transfer function matrix | 0.8316 |
4,922 | Workshop on Machine Learning (April 2008): Focusing on introducing the basic techniques of Machine Learning, its major areas of application and providing hands on experience to the participants. Faculty: Prof. Sargur N Srihari (SUNY Buffalo, New York). Workshop on Data Warehousing and Data Mining (October 2008): Facult... | International School of Information Management | 0.831599 |
4,923 | chemistry A branch of the physical sciences that studies the composition, structure, properties, and change of matter. Chemical interactions underlie all biological processes. chemosynthesis chlorophyll Any of several photosynthetic pigments found in cyanobacteria, algae, or plants. | Glossary of biology | 0.831598 |
4,924 | The School has four major research themes as part of EaStCHEM: The Chemistry/Biology Interface area is broad, with particular strengths in the areas of protein structure and function, mechanistic enzymology, proteomics, biologically targeted synthesis, the application of high throughput and combinatorial approaches and... | School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh | 0.831595 |
4,925 | He proceeded to present geometric solutions to all types of cubic equations using the properties of conic sections. : 157: 281 The prerequisite lemmas for Khayyam's geometrical proof include Euclid VI, Prop 13, and Apollonius II, Prop 12.: 155 The positive root of a cubic equation was determined as the abscissa of a po... | Omar Khayyam | 0.831595 |
4,926 | The DNA Learning Center (DNALC) is a genetics learning center affiliated with the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, in Cold Spring Harbor, New York. It is the world's first science center devoted entirely to genetics education and offers online education, class field trips, student summer day camps, and teacher training. ... | Dolan DNA Learning Center | 0.831594 |
4,927 | Decimal – Binary numeral system – Divisor – Division by zero – Indeterminate form – Empty product – Euclidean algorithm – Fundamental theorem of arithmetic – Modular arithmetic – Successor function | Outline of discrete mathematics | 0.831592 |
4,928 | According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the suffix ‘omics’ refers to ‘the totality of some sort’. In biology, ‘omics’ techniques are used for the high-throughput analysis of DNA sequences and epigenetic modifications (genomics), mRNA and miRNA transcripts (transcriptomics), expressed proteins (proteomics), as well ... | Volatolomics | 0.831589 |
4,929 | Since Cram is an impartial game, the Sprague–Grundy theorem indicates that in the normal version any Cram position is equivalent to a nim-heap of a given size, also called the Grundy value. Some values can be found in Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays, in particular the 2 × n board, whose value is 0 if n is even... | Cram (game) | 0.831589 |
4,930 | "Surveys in the academic community have shown NLP to be widely discredited among scientists. Among the reasons for considering NLP a pseudoscience are that evidence in favor of it is limited to anecdotes and personal testimony, that it is not informed by scientific understanding of neuroscience and linguistics, and tha... | Neuro-linguistic programming | 0.831585 |
4,931 | Prior to each competition event, FPSPI announces the competition topic (such as "Artificial Intelligence" or "Oceans") and provides a list of suggested readings. Students spend 1–2 months researching the topic with an eye to potential future challenges and solutions. At the beginning of the competition, students are gi... | Future Problem Solving Program International | 0.831583 |
4,932 | Such a degree of freedom is said to be "frozen out" when the thermal energy is much smaller than this spacing. For example, the heat capacity of a solid decreases at low temperatures as various types of motion become frozen out, rather than remaining constant as predicted by equipartition. Such decreases in heat capaci... | Equipartition principle | 0.831583 |
4,933 | A Physical system can be modeled in the "time domain", where the response of a given system is a function of the various inputs, the previous system values, and time. As time progresses, the state of the system and its response change. However, time-domain models for systems are frequently modeled using high-order diff... | Classical control theory | 0.831581 |
4,934 | "The findings break from the traditional interpretation of marine ecology found in textbooks, which states that nearly all sunlight in the ocean is captured by chlorophyll in algae. Instead, rhodopsin-equipped bacteria function like hybrid cars, powered by organic matter when available — as most bacteria are — and by s... | Marine microorganisms | 0.831581 |
4,935 | Moss, Ginzburg and de Rijke, CSLI 1999, pp. 266–278 (earlier version appeared in 1996 in the preliminary proceedings). (with Samir Chopra), Relevance Sensitive Belief Structures, Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, 28(1–4): 259–285 (2000). | Rohit Jivanlal Parikh | 0.83158 |
4,936 | The challenge comes from the fact that the original sheet might not be rectangular - it can be any rectilinear polygon. In particular, it might contain holes (representing defects in the raw material). The optimization goal is usually to minimize the number of small rectangles, or minimize the total length of the cuts. | Guillotine cutting | 0.831577 |
4,937 | Taken together, these various atomic-position errors are significant and impede the use of homology models for purposes that require atomic-resolution data, such as drug design and protein–protein interaction predictions; even the quaternary structure of a protein may be difficult to predict from homology models of its... | Homology modeling | 0.831577 |
4,938 | Cholesterol has 256 stereoisomers, but only one of them is formed naturally in production of cholesterol (3β-ol, 5α (H), 14α (H), 17α (H), 20R) and is therefore the primary stereoisomer of interest for cholestane measurements. Deviations from this stereochemistry often reflects diagenesis, thermal maturation and preser... | Cholestane | 0.831574 |
4,939 | Three sequences, UAG, UGA, and UAA, known as stop codons, do not code for an amino acid but instead signal the release of the nascent polypeptide from the ribosome. In the standard code, the sequence AUG—read as methionine—can serve as a start codon and, along with sequences such as an initiation factor, initiates tran... | DNA and RNA codon tables | 0.831569 |
4,940 | Plant cell mechanics combines principles of biomechanics and mechanobiology to investigate the growth and shaping of the plant cells. Plant cells, similar to animal cells, respond to externally applied forces, such as by reorganization of their cytoskeletal network. The presence of a considerably rigid extracellular ma... | Cell mechanics | 0.831568 |
4,941 | | x − z | ≤ | x − y | + | y − z | {\displaystyle |x-z|\leq |x-y|+|y-z|} (triangle inequality); in the case of the absolute difference, equality holds if and only if x ≤ y ≤ z {\displaystyle x\leq y\leq z} or x ≥ y ≥ z {\displaystyle x\geq y\geq z} .By contrast, simple subtraction is not non-negative or commutative, but... | Absolute difference | 0.831564 |
4,942 | This paper assesses a candidate’s ability to apply their knowledge of mathematics in new situations. It comprises a core set of ideas from Pure Mathematics. These ideas reflect those that would be met early on in a typical A Level Mathematics course: algebra, basic functions, sequences and series, coordinate geometry, ... | Test of Mathematics for University Admission | 0.831563 |
4,943 | Written tests are tests that are administered on paper or on a computer (as an eExam). A test taker who takes a written test could respond to specific items by writing or typing within a given space of the test or on a separate form or document. In some tests; where knowledge of many constants or technical terms is req... | Competitive examination | 0.83156 |
4,944 | With nitrogen it forms alkaloids, and with the addition of sulfur also it forms antibiotics, amino acids, and rubber products. With the addition of phosphorus to these other elements, it forms DNA and RNA, the chemical-code carriers of life, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the most important energy-transfer molecule ... | Element 6 | 0.831559 |
4,945 | The only general restriction known on the order is the Bruck–Ryser–Chowla theorem that if the order N is congruent to 1 or 2 mod 4, it must be the sum of two squares. This rules out N = 6. The next case N = 10 has been ruled out by massive computer calculations. | Projective Plane | 0.831559 |
4,946 | Fungi are distinguished based on their morphology, nutritional modes, and ecology. Typical traits are that they lack plastids, are osmotrophic (absorb nutrients from their environment), are never phagotrophic, lack an ameboid pseudopodal phase, cell walls are composed of a chitin-glucan complex, mitochondria have flatt... | Glossary of mycology | 0.831557 |
4,947 | As described above, decision model dependency links can be modeled using machine learning. In this respect, decision intelligence can be seen as a "multi-link" extension to artificial intelligence, which is most widely used for single-link analysis. From this point of view, machine learning can be viewed as answering t... | Decision intelligence | 0.831556 |
4,948 | The geographic areas analyzed in machine learning are defined by both administrative boundaries and top-down division into grids of regular shapes such as rectangles, for example. Both types are represented as polygons and, like points, can be assigned different demographic, transportation, or economic features. A poly... | Spatial embedding | 0.831554 |
4,949 | For polynomials, factorization is strongly related with the problem of solving algebraic equations. An algebraic equation has the form P ( x ) = def a 0 x n + a 1 x n − 1 + ⋯ + a n = 0 , {\displaystyle P(x)\ \,{\stackrel {\text{def}}{=}}\ \,a_{0}x^{n}+a_{1}x^{n-1}+\cdots +a_{n}=0,} where P(x) is a polynomial in x with ... | Factorization | 0.831553 |
4,950 | For instance, two-dimensional convex hulls can be computed using predicates that test the sign of quadratic polynomials, and therefore may require twice as many bits of precision within these calculations as the input numbers. When integer arithmetic cannot be used (for instance, when the result of a calculation is an ... | Robust geometric computation | 0.831551 |
4,951 | Computers can also simultaneously correlate more data (such as the retention times identified by GC), to more accurately relate certain data. Deep learning was shown to lead to promising results in the identification of VOCs from raw GC–MS data.Another method of analysis measures the peaks in relation to one another. I... | Gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry | 0.831551 |
4,952 | In computer science, locality of reference, also known as the principle of locality, is the tendency of a processor to access the same set of memory locations repetitively over a short period of time. There are two basic types of reference locality – temporal and spatial locality. Temporal locality refers to the reuse ... | Application locality | 0.831546 |
4,953 | Several machine learning models can be used in conjunction with conformal prediction. Studies have shown that it can be applied to for example convolutional neural networks, support-vector machines and others. | Conformal prediction | 0.831546 |
4,954 | In the same way that each observer measures the other's clocks as running slow, each observer measures the other's rulers as being contracted. In regards to mutual length contraction, Fig. 2-9 illustrates that the primed and unprimed frames are mutually rotated by a hyperbolic angle (analogous to ordinary angles in Euc... | Spacetime geometry | 0.831544 |
4,955 | The equation in Ptolemy's theorem is never true with non-cyclic quadrilaterals. Ptolemy's inequality is an extension of this fact, and it is a more general form of Ptolemy's theorem. It states that, given a quadrilateral ABCD, then A B ¯ ⋅ C D ¯ + B C ¯ ⋅ D A ¯ ≥ A C ¯ ⋅ B D ¯ {\displaystyle {\overline {AB}}\cdot {\ove... | Ptolemy's theorem | 0.831544 |
4,956 | Computer vision researchers have developed several learning methods to leverage the BoW model for image related tasks, such as object categorization. These methods can roughly be divided into two categories, unsupervised and supervised models. For multiple label categorization problem, the confusion matrix can be used ... | Bag of words model in computer vision | 0.831544 |
4,957 | Each interpretation is responsible for different distributive laws in the Boolean algebra. Similar structures without distributive laws are near-rings and near-fields instead of rings and division rings. The operations are usually defined to be distributive on the right but not on the left. | Antidistributive | 0.831542 |
4,958 | In abstract algebra, a branch of pure mathematics, an MV-algebra is an algebraic structure with a binary operation ⊕ {\displaystyle \oplus } , a unary operation ¬ {\displaystyle \neg } , and the constant 0 {\displaystyle 0} , satisfying certain axioms. MV-algebras are the algebraic semantics of Łukasiewicz logic; the l... | MV-algebra | 0.831542 |
4,959 | Moreover, recent emphasis on the explainability of AI has contributed towards the development of methods, notably those based on attention mechanisms, for visualizing and explaining learned neural networks. Furthermore, researchers involved in exploring learning algorithms for neural networks are gradually uncovering g... | Neural networks | 0.83154 |
4,960 | These conventions depend on the axes about which the rotations are carried out, and their sequence (since rotations are not commutative). The convention being used is usually indicated by specifying the axes about which the consecutive rotations (before being composed) take place, referring to them by index (1, 2, 3) o... | Direction cosine matrix | 0.831534 |
4,961 | ), SOFSEM'99, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1725, 189-202. Rigby, K. (2003). | Change management process | 0.831532 |
4,962 | Biotechnology and genetic engineering techniques are used to produce subunit vaccines. These vaccines use only the capsid proteins of the virus. Hepatitis B vaccine is an example of this type of vaccine. Subunit vaccines are safe for immunocompromised patients because they cannot cause the disease. The yellow fever vir... | Biological virus | 0.831532 |
4,963 | Under a change of letters, this is isomorphic to (structurally the same as) the standard cyclic group of order 6, defined as C6 = ⟨g⟩ = { e, g, g2, g3, g4, g5 } with multiplication gj · gk = gj+k (mod 6), so that g6 = g0 = e. These groups are also isomorphic to Z/6Z = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} with the operation of addition m... | Finite cyclic group | 0.831532 |
4,964 | A wheel is an algebraic structure ( W , 0 , 1 , + , ⋅ , / ) {\displaystyle (W,0,1,+,\cdot ,/)} , in which W {\displaystyle W} is a set, 0 {\displaystyle {}0} and 1 {\displaystyle 1} are elements of that set, + {\displaystyle +} and ⋅ {\displaystyle \cdot } are binary operations, / {\displaystyle /} is a unary operation... | Wheel theory | 0.831529 |
4,965 | These structural studies were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2009. In May 2001 these coordinates were used to reconstruct the entire T. thermophilus 70S particle at 5.5 Å resolution.Two papers were published in November 2005 with structures of the Escherichia coli 70S ribosome. The structures of a vacant ribos... | Ribosome | 0.831528 |
4,966 | The length of a segment can be determined by measuring the position of the end points of the branch in 3-dimensional space from an external reference position. The length is then calculated by applying the Pythagorean theorem. The following diagram illustrates the process. | Tree crown measurement | 0.831526 |
4,967 | In 1989, NASA launched COBE, which made two major advances: in 1990, high-precision spectrum measurements showed that the CMB frequency spectrum is an almost perfect blackbody with no deviations at a level of 1 part in 104, and measured a residual temperature of 2.726 K (more recent measurements have revised this figur... | Big Bang | 0.831521 |
4,968 | Though one can find squares of flags which sum to nontrivial results manually, it is often simpler to automate the process. In particular, it is possible to adapt the ideas in sum-of-squares optimization for polynomials to flag algebras. Define the degree of a vector f ∈ R F σ {\displaystyle f\in \mathbb {R} {\mathcal ... | Flag algebra | 0.831516 |
4,969 | Petite mutants show extranuclear inheritance.The inheritance pattern varying with the type of petite involved. Segregational petites (pet–): mutants are created by nuclear mutations and exhibit Mendelian 1:1 segregation.Neutral petites (rho–N): Neutral petite when crossed to wild-type, all offspring are wild-type. It h... | Petite mutation | 0.831516 |
4,970 | One of SIB’s priorities is to promote and coordinate education in bioinformatics. SIB members are directly, or indirectly, involved in a number of bioinformatics courses at all educational levels – from high school to undergraduate and graduate degrees – as well as in specialized training for life scientists. SIB also ... | Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics | 0.831516 |
4,971 | There are precisely three ways of partitioning a square into three similar rectangles: The trivial solution given by three congruent rectangles with aspect ratio 3:1. The solution in which two of the three rectangles are congruent and the third one has twice the side length of the other two, where the rectangles have a... | Plastic number | 0.831515 |
4,972 | In von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory, a distinction is made between sets and classes. A class C is a set if and only if it belongs to some class E. In this theory, there is a theorem schema that reads that is, provided that the quantifiers in the predicate P are restricted to sets. This theorem schema is itself a re... | Unrestricted comprehension | 0.831515 |
4,973 | Any three points in the plane a, b, c thus determine a parallelogram with d at the fourth vertex. In projective geometry, the process of finding a projective harmonic conjugate is a ternary operation on three points. In the diagram, points A, B and P determine point V, the harmonic conjugate of P with respect to A and ... | Ternary operator | 0.831513 |
4,974 | Maschke's theorem addresses the question: when is a general (finite-dimensional) representation built from irreducible subrepresentations using the direct sum operation? This question (and its answer) are formulated differently for different perspectives on group representation theory. | Maschke's theorem | 0.831511 |
4,975 | Submitted content is categorized under the following subject areas: biochemistry, bioinformatics, biophysics, biotechnology, cellular biology, developmental biology, genetics, genomics, immunology, microbiology, molecular biology, neuroscience, structural biology, synthetic biology and systems biology. Open Biology pub... | Open Biology | 0.831509 |
4,976 | Kaggle's competitions have resulted in successful projects such as furthering HIV research, chess ratings and traffic forecasting. Geoffrey Hinton and George Dahl used deep neural networks to win a competition hosted by Merck. Vlad Mnih (one of Hinton's students) used deep neural networks to win a competition hosted by... | Kaggle | 0.831509 |
4,977 | The quality of MMIR Systems depends heavily on the quality of the training data. Discriminative descriptions can be extracted from media sources in various forms. Machine learning provides categorization methods for all types of data. | Multimedia information retrieval | 0.831508 |
4,978 | In the set packing decision problem, the input is a pair ( U , S ) {\displaystyle ({\mathcal {U}},{\mathcal {S}})} and an integer t {\displaystyle t} ; the question is whether there is a set packing of size t {\displaystyle t} or more. In the set packing optimization problem, the input is a pair ( U , S ) {\displaystyl... | Set packing | 0.831506 |
4,979 | There is a bijective correspondence between the subgroups of G {\displaystyle G} that contain N {\displaystyle N} and the subgroups of G / N {\displaystyle G\,/\,N} ; if H {\displaystyle H} is a subgroup of G {\displaystyle G} containing N {\displaystyle N} , then the corresponding subgroup of G / N {\displaystyle G\,/... | Quotient (group theory) | 0.831506 |
4,980 | Algebraic sentence Algebraic theory Algebraic expression Algebraic equation == References == | Algebraic definition | 0.831504 |
4,981 | The textbook presentations in (Rose 1978, pp. 254–264), (Isaacs 2008, Chapter 5), (Hall 1959, Chapter 14), (Suzuki 1986, §5.2, pp. 138–165), all contain various applications of the focal subgroup theorem relating fusion, transfer, and a certain kind of splitting called p-nilpotence. During the course of the Alperin–Bra... | Focal subgroup theorem | 0.8315 |
4,982 | It may also be useful in sustainable energy: in 2022, researchers reported 3D-printed nano-"skyscraper" electrodes – albeit micro-scale, the pillars had nano-features of porosity due to printed metal nanoparticle inks – (nanotechnology) that house cyanobacteria for extracting substantially more sustainable bioenergy fr... | Nanobiotechnology | 0.8315 |
4,983 | Monitoring people who are exposed to animals in viral hotspots – including via virus monitoring stations – can register viruses at the moment they enter human populations - this might enable prevention of pandemics. The most important transmission pathways often vary per underlying driver of emerging infectious disease... | Pandemic prevention | 0.831497 |
4,984 | In machine learning, boosting is an ensemble meta-algorithm for primarily reducing bias, and also variance in supervised learning, and a family of machine learning algorithms that convert weak learners to strong ones. Boosting is based on the question posed by Kearns and Valiant (1988, 1989): "Can a set of weak learner... | Boosting (meta-algorithm) | 0.831497 |
4,985 | The name of the problem, specifically for the sets of points between parallel hyperplanes, comes from the visualisation of the problem in R2. Here, hyperplanes are just straight lines and so planks become the space between two parallel lines. Thus the planks can be thought of as (infinitely long) planks of wood, and th... | Tarski's plank problem | 0.831496 |
4,986 | Bode plot A plot of the amplitude and phase frequency response of a system, where the actual response is approximated by straight line segments. Boolean algebra (logic) A type of algebra that deals with values that can only hold values "true" and "false", of great use in design and analysis of digital systems. boost co... | Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering | 0.831492 |
4,987 | In a 1988 paper, Anastase Nakassis discussed and compared different ways to optimize the algorithm. The most important optimization consists in using larger accumulators and delaying the relatively costly modulo operation for as long as it can be proven that no overflow will occur. Further benefit can be derived from r... | Fletcher's checksum | 0.831488 |
4,988 | In this "all-hands-on-deck" moment, and with the know-how, people and equipment to rapidly turn the company's genetics research lab into a PCR diagnostic testing facility, he offered to put the company's capabilities to work to screen the general population under the auspices of the Directorate of Health. deCODE staff ... | DeCODE genetics | 0.831488 |
4,989 | Then n is finite. If n is composite, n is divisible by prime q which is less than n. From Cauchy's theorem, the subgroup H will be exist whose order is q, it is not suitable. Therefore, n must be a prime number. | Cauchy's theorem (group theory) | 0.831485 |
4,990 | Is the class of cores of Bol loops a quasivariety? Proposed: by Jonathan D. H. Smith and Alena Vanžurová at Loops '03, Prague 2003 Solved by: Alena Vanžurová, 2004. Solution: No, the class of cores of Bol loops is not closed under subalgebras. | List of problems in loop theory and quasigroup theory | 0.831485 |
4,991 | Development of dose-response function with respect to soils, soil organisms, aquatic and amphibious organisms, crop plants, and forest plants;8. Establishing and carrying out system studies with respect to plant physiology, aquatic ecosystems, soil chemistry systems, soil microbial system, and forest ecosystems; and9. ... | National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program | 0.831483 |
4,992 | The SECD machine is a highly influential (see: § Landin's contribution) virtual machine and abstract machine intended as a target for functional programming language compilers. The letters stand for Stack, Environment, Control, Dump—the internal registers of the machine. The registers Stack, Control, and Dump point to ... | SECD machine | 0.831483 |
4,993 | In chemistry, Erwin Schrödinger, Linus Pauling, Mulliken and others noted that the consequence of Heisenberg's relation was that the electron, as a wave packet, could not be considered to have an exact location in its orbital. Max Born suggested that the electron's position needed to be described by a probability distr... | 1s orbital | 0.831481 |
4,994 | In free space, where ε = ε0 and μ = μ0 are constant everywhere, Maxwell's equations simplify considerably once the language of differential geometry and differential forms is used. In what follows, cgs-Gaussian units, not SI units are used. (To convert to SI, see here.) The electric and magnetic fields are now jointly ... | Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field | 0.83148 |
4,995 | The resulting lack of portability has prevented Massalin's optimization ideas from being adopted by any production kernel. However, the structure of the techniques suggests that they could be captured by a higher level language, albeit one more complex than existing mid-level languages. Such a language and compiler cou... | Self-modifying program | 0.831479 |
4,996 | Scientists contained and studied hundreds of individual atoms in 3D array. Nitrogen in a buckyball molecule was used in quantum computing. A large number of electrons were quantum coupled. | Timeline of quantum computing and communication | 0.831477 |
4,997 | The numbers 1 and −1 are the only integers coprime with every integer, and they are the only integers that are coprime with 0. A number of conditions are equivalent to a and b being coprime: No prime number divides both a and b. There exist integers x, y such that ax + by = 1 (see Bézout's identity). The integer b has ... | Relatively prime numbers | 0.831477 |
4,998 | The pinching roll holds the plate. Three-roller machines (variable pitch aka variable geometry) have one pressing top roll and two pressing side rolls.The three-roll variable pitch works by having all three rolls able to move and tilt. The top roll moves in the vertical plane and the side rolls move on the horizontal p... | Plate rolling machine | 0.831475 |
4,999 | The first step becoming an air force cadet is get a good performance at the theoretical examination. All candidates must undergo an 80 questions test, with 20 questions per subject (Maths, physics, Portuguese Language and English Language). The difficulty level of the exams is very high for Brazilian standards. But eve... | Brazilian Air Force Academy | 0.831475 |
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