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79,300 | For further discussion here see also: Brownian model of financial markets; Martingale pricing; Financial models with long-tailed distributions and volatility clustering; Extreme value theory; Historical simulation (finance). Modellers are generally referred to as "quants", i.e. quantitative analysts, and typically have... | Financial modeling | 0.800107 |
79,301 | Arnold's trinities begin with R/C/H (the real numbers, complex numbers, and quaternions), which he remarks "everyone knows", and proceeds to imagine the other trinities as "complexifications" and "quaternionifications" of classical (real) mathematics, by analogy with finding symplectic analogs of classic Riemannian geo... | ADE classification | 0.800107 |
79,302 | Her early aptitude for "fixing things" held the family in good stead, and informed discussions of possible careers. MacGill's mother was an advocate of women's suffrage and influenced her decision to study engineering. She graduated from the University of Toronto in 1927, and was the first Canadian woman to earn a degr... | Elsie MacGill | 0.800107 |
79,303 | The K-theory of Aθ is Z2 in both even dimension and odd dimension, and so does not distinguish the irrational rotation algebras. But as an ordered group, K0 ≃ Z + θZ. Therefore, two noncommutative tori Aθ and Aη are isomorphic if and only if either θ + η or θ − η is an integer.Two irrational rotation algebras Aθ and Aη... | Noncommutative torus | 0.800107 |
79,304 | Oceanography – studies a wide range of topics about oceans, including marine organisms and ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents, waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and the geology of the sea floor; and fluxes of various chemical substances and physical properties within the ocean and across its bounda... | Outline of geography | 0.800107 |
79,305 | Still however, it is uncommon for universities to devote entire courses to the subject. Due to the nature of technology, the concept of information ethics has spread to other realms in the industry. Thus, concepts such as "cyberethics," a concept which discusses topics such as the ethics of artificial intelligence and ... | Information ethics | 0.800107 |
79,306 | A language L belongs to IP if there exist V, P such that for all Q, w: w ∈ L ⇒ Pr ≥ 2 3 {\displaystyle w\in L\Rightarrow \Pr\geq {\tfrac {2}{3}}} w ∉ L ⇒ Pr ≤ 1 3 {\displaystyle w\not \in L\Rightarrow \Pr\leq {\tfrac {1}{3}}} The Arthur–Merlin protocol, introduced by László Babai, is similar in nature, except that th... | IP (complexity) | 0.800106 |
79,307 | The regular 65537-gon (one with all sides equal and all angles equal) is of interest for being a constructible polygon: that is, it can be constructed using a compass and an unmarked straightedge. This is because 65,537 is a Fermat prime, being of the form 22n + 1 (in this case n = 4). Thus, the values cos π 65537 {\... | 65537-gon | 0.800106 |
79,308 | As of 2006, the academy consisted of 90 members. The academy organizes the International Congress of Quantum Chemistry every three years. The academy awards a medal to a young member of the scientific community who has distinguished themselves by a pioneering and important contribution. The award has been made every ye... | International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science | 0.800106 |
79,309 | The future workshop method requires an intensive preparation and support by trained moderators. It is used in spatial planning to involve citizens in the planning process, in software engineering to create a common vision of the future, and in health care to solve complex and multifaceted problems. The method is simila... | Futures workshops | 0.800105 |
79,310 | Green's theorem can be used to compute area by line integral. The area of a planar region D {\displaystyle D} is given by Choose L {\displaystyle L} and M {\displaystyle M} such that ∂ M ∂ x − ∂ L ∂ y = 1 {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial M}{\partial x}}-{\frac {\partial L}{\partial y}}=1} , the area is given by Possible... | Green theorem | 0.800105 |
79,311 | Mathematical consideration of process architectures may be found in CCS and the π-calculus. The structure of a process system, or its architecture, can be viewed as a dualistic relationship of its infrastructure and suprastructure. The infrastructure describes a process system's component parts and their interactions. | Process architecture | 0.800105 |
79,312 | Given a field k and a relative scheme X → S, a k-rational point of X is an S-morphism Spec ( k ) → X {\displaystyle \operatorname {Spec} (k)\to X} . rational function An element in the function field k ( X ) = lim → k {\displaystyle k(X)=\varinjlim k} where the limit runs over all coordinates rings of open subsets... | Section ring | 0.800104 |
79,313 | SLinCA@Home was based at the G. V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics (IMP) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) in Kyiv, Ukraine's capital city. It ran on the Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) software platform, the SZTAKI Desktop Grid platform, and the Distributed Computin... | SLinCA@Home | 0.800104 |
79,314 | Beyond Gromov's theorem one can ask whether there exists a gap in the growth spectrum for finitely generated group just above polynomial growth, separating virtually nilpotent groups from others. Formally, this means that there would exist a function f: N → N {\displaystyle f:\mathbb {N} \to \mathbb {N} } such that a f... | Bass's theorem | 0.800104 |
79,315 | The center names its major systems after scientists. The newest supercomputer Perlmutter, is named after Saul Perlmutter, an astrophysicist at Berkeley Lab who shared the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to research showing that the expansion of the universe is accelerating. It is a Cray system based o... | National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center | 0.800104 |
79,316 | Hence what we normally conceive as the fundamental constants of the universe are ultimately the result of the anthropic principle rather than dictated by theory. This has led to criticism of string theory, arguing that it cannot make useful (i.e., original, falsifiable, and verifiable) predictions and regarding it as a... | Theories of everything | 0.800104 |
79,317 | In materials science, the Burgers vector, named after Dutch physicist Jan Burgers, is a vector, often denoted as b, that represents the magnitude and direction of the lattice distortion resulting from a dislocation in a crystal lattice. The vector's magnitude and direction is best understood when the dislocation-bearin... | Burgers vector | 0.800103 |
79,318 | Although no formal engineering program existed at the Maryland Agricultural College, the early curriculum included surveying, construction, mechanics, and electricity courses. During the early years of the University, much of the coursework centered around preparing students for a career in agriculture.A formal program... | Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering | 0.800103 |
79,319 | The data of the burglaries include means of entry (front door, window, etc.), day of the week, characteristics of the property (apartment, house), and geographic proximity to other break-ins. Using nine known crime series of burglaries, Series Finder recovered most of the crimes within these patterns and also identifie... | Crime analysis | 0.800103 |
79,320 | For this, and related work, Manabe was awarded a share of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics.By the 1960s, aerosol pollution ("smog") had become a serious local problem in many cities, and some scientists began to consider whether the cooling effect of particulate pollution could affect global temperatures. Scientists wer... | History of climate change science | 0.800102 |
79,321 | The last chapter, on Gödel's incompleteness theorem and Tarski's indefinability theorem, along with the article Quine (1946), became a launching point for Raymond Smullyan's later lucid exposition of these and related results. Quine's work in logic gradually became dated in some respects. | Willard Van Orman Quine | 0.800102 |
79,322 | The Journal of World History's Emily Wakild pointed out that while the different authors involved makes separate essays somewhat uneven when reading them together, the thematic organization of the sections helps to smooth over the general tone issues and they manage to "incisively show the weaknesses of Diamond’s narra... | Questioning Collapse | 0.800102 |
79,323 | In number theory, Dixon's factorization method (also Dixon's random squares method or Dixon's algorithm) is a general-purpose integer factorization algorithm; it is the prototypical factor base method. Unlike for other factor base methods, its run-time bound comes with a rigorous proof that does not rely on conjectures... | Dixon's factorization method | 0.800102 |
79,324 | Cornelius Lanczos (Lanczos tensor, Lanczos–van Stockum dust), Lev D. Landau (Landau–Lifshitz formulation, textbook), Georges-Henri Lemaître (cosmological model, LTB dust, Lemaître chart on Schwarzschild vacuum), Josef Lense (Lense–Thirring precession), Tullio Levi-Civita (static vacuums, C-metric; see also related list... | List of contributors to general relativity | 0.800102 |
79,325 | The HIV protease inhibitor Tipranavir is marketed for the treatment of AIDS. The first enantioselective medicinal chemistry route to Tipranavir included the conjugate addition of an organocuprate reagent to a chiral Michael acceptor. The chiral oxazolidinone in the Michael acceptor controlled the stereochemistry of one... | Myers' asymmetric alkylation | 0.800101 |
79,326 | The relationship between matrices and linear transformations in linear algebra generalizes in a natural way to module homomorphisms between free modules. Precisely, given a right R-module U, there is the canonical isomorphism of the abelian groups Hom R ( U ⊕ n , U ⊕ m ) → ∼ f ↦ M m , n ( End R ( U ) ) {\displayst... | Fiber square | 0.800101 |
79,327 | Every real number between 0 and 1 occurs as the topological entropy of some sequence is applicable, which may be taken to be uniformly recurrent or even uniquely ergodic.For x a real number and b an integer ≥ 2 then the complexity function of x in base b is the complexity function p(x,b,n) of the sequence of digits of ... | Complexity function | 0.800101 |
79,328 | Software systems engineering, see also software engineering Space systems engineering, see also aerospace engineeringStructural systems engineering, see also structural engineeringSystems and information engineering, see also information scienceSystems engineering management, see also systems engineering | List of types of systems engineering | 0.8001 |
79,329 | In practice these theorem provers and general problem solvers were seldom useful for practical applications and required specialized users with knowledge of logic to utilize. The first practical application of automated reasoning were expert systems. Expert systems focused on much more well defined domains than general... | Reasoning under uncertainty | 0.800099 |
79,330 | This includes nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering. Particle physics evolved o... | Nuclear Science | 0.800099 |
79,331 | Amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling can be used to screen for the disease before birth. After birth, urine tests, along with blood tests and skin biopsies can be used to diagnose Schindler disease. Genetic testing is also always an option, since different forms of Schindler disease have been mapped to the same g... | Schindler disease | 0.800099 |
79,332 | His research interests include the areas and topics like complexity, complex systems theory, global change and sustainable human development, hierarchical systems, large-scale systems theory, mathematical theory of general systems, multi-level systems, systems biology, and world and regional modeling. In the field of m... | Mihajlo D. Mesarovic | 0.800099 |
79,333 | It is 37.5 MJ/kg, 60% of the absolute value of the potential energy per kilogram at the surface. The actual depth-dependence of density, inferred from seismic travel times (see Adams–Williamson equation), is given in the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM). Using this, the real gravitational binding energy of Eart... | Gravitational binding energy | 0.800099 |
79,334 | John Michael Jumper is a senior research scientist at DeepMind Technologies. Jumper and his colleagues created AlphaFold, an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict protein structures from their amino acid sequence with high accuracy. Jumper has stated that the AlphaFold team plans to release 100 million protein ... | John M. Jumper | 0.800099 |
79,335 | One way is to carefully recast all of the above steps in an infinite-dimensional space, being careful to define limits appropriately, etc., in order to make sure that all manipulations are well-defined, convergent, etc. The other way, as noted by Gromov, is to use a category-theoretic approach; that is, to note that th... | Fisher metric | 0.800099 |
79,336 | This model attempts to use these factors to predict the impact of lifestyle changes and genetics for the evolution of the MAFLD pathology. Many researchers describe MAFLD as a multisystem disease, as it impacts and is influenced by organs and regulatory pathways other than the liver.The accumulation of senescent cells ... | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | 0.800098 |
79,337 | A projection plane, or plane of projection, is a type of view in which graphical projections from an object intersect. Projection planes are used often in descriptive geometry and graphical representation. A picture plane in perspective drawing is a type of projection plane. With perspective drawing, the lines of sight... | Projection plane | 0.800098 |
79,338 | More generally Beck's theorem can be used to show that the powerset functor from Top to T is monadic for any topos T, which in turn is used to show that the topos T has finite colimits. The forgetful functor from semigroups to sets is monadic. | Beck's monadicity theorem | 0.800098 |
79,339 | He coined the term "hapticity" and the nomenclature that derives from it. In 1962 he undertook the crystal structure of the Staphylococcal nuclease enzyme, solved to 2Å resolution in 1969, published in 1971, and deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB code 1SNS) as one of the first dozen protein crystal structures.In 1... | F. Albert Cotton | 0.800098 |
79,340 | Hierarchical optimization problems are mathematical programs with an additional optimization problem in their constraints. A simple example is the bilevel programming problem that optimizes an upper level objective over constraints that include another lower level optimization problem. Bilevel programming is used in ma... | Extended Mathematical Programming | 0.800098 |
79,341 | Much of the underlying physics of the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect lies in a specific case of solute drag creep. Adding solute atoms to a pure crystal introduces a size misfit into the system. This size misfit leads to restriction of dislocation motion. At low temperature, these solute atoms are immobile within the lat... | Portevin–Le Chatelier effect | 0.800098 |
79,342 | In both cases, the zinc and oxide centers are tetrahedral, the most characteristic geometry for Zn(II). ZnO converts to the rocksalt motif at relatively high pressures about 10 GPa. The many remarkable medical properties of creams containing ZnO can be explained by its elastic softness, which is characteristic of tetra... | ZnO | 0.800097 |
79,343 | The bacterial colony optimization algorithm is an optimization algorithm which is based on a lifecycle model that simulates some typical behaviors of E. coli bacteria during their whole lifecycle, including chemotaxis, communication, elimination, reproduction, and migration. The bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) is a ... | Bacterial Colony Optimization | 0.800097 |
79,344 | During an interview years later, Sam stated that his brother had gone "on a walking tour in Spain" and he "did not take part in the war" as previously thought.Slotin earned a Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry from King's College London in 1936. He won a prize for his thesis entitled "An Investigation into the Intermed... | Louis Slotin | 0.800097 |
79,345 | Group homology is the left derived functor of taking coinvariants ( − ) G: k -Mod → k -Mod {\displaystyle (-)_{G}:k{\text{-Mod}}\to k{\text{-Mod}}} which is the same as k ⊗ k − {\displaystyle k\otimes _{k}-} . Lie algebra homology is the left derived functor of taking coinvariants g -Mod → k -Mod , M ↦ M / {\display... | Right derived functor | 0.800096 |
79,346 | ), Wiley, ISBN 978-0-471-19826-0 Butkov, Eugene (1968), Mathematical Physics, Addison-Wesley Hassani, Sadri (2009), Mathematical Methods for Students of Physics and Related Fields, (2nd ed. ), New York, Springer, eISBN 978-0-387-09504-2 Jeffreys, Harold; Swirles Jeffreys, Bertha (1956), Methods of Mathematical Physics ... | Mathematical physicist | 0.800096 |
79,347 | He was a scientist at the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, at the Institute of Thermal Physics (1960-1968) and the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (1968-1997). He was also employed as a professor of Physics and Mathematics at Novosibirsk State University (1974-1992). In 1992, he became a mate... | Alexander Patashinski | 0.800096 |
79,348 | A.B., Middlebury College, 1964, Physics M.S., New York University, 1969, Physics Ph.D., University of Denver, 1972, History of scienceWoodward is a professor emeritus of history and an adjunct professor of physics at California State University, Fullerton. | Woodward effect | 0.800096 |
79,349 | One measure of its impact, and from a staff that never exceeded ten people, was that of the Annual Lifetime Achievement Awards from the Association for Computational Linguistics in the US, three have been awarded to CLRU alumni: Martin Kay, Karen Spärck Jones and Yorick Wilks. Margaret Masterman was ahead of her time b... | Margaret Masterman | 0.800096 |
79,350 | dBase (also stylized dBASE) was one of the first database management systems for microcomputers and the most successful in its day. The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, t... | DBase II | 0.800095 |
79,351 | However, there has been a recent interest in the ideas of Goldschmidt in the field of evolutionary developmental biology as some scientists are convinced he was not entirely wrong.Otto Schindewolf, a German paleontologist, also supported macromutations as part of his evolutionary theory. He was known for presenting an ... | Saltation (biology) | 0.800095 |
79,352 | In water solutions containing relatively small quantities of dissolved solute (as in biology), such figures may be "percentivized" by multiplying by 100 a ratio of grams solute per mL solution. The result is given as "mass/volume percentage". Such a convention expresses mass concentration of 1 gram of solute in 100 mL ... | Mass concentration (chemistry) | 0.800095 |
79,353 | A few such catastrophic events where ecological selection predominates can lead to a population with specific advantages, e.g. in colonization when invading populations from more crowded disease-prone conditions arrive with antibodies to diseases, and the diseases themselves, which proceed to wipe out natives, clearing... | Ecological selection | 0.800095 |
79,354 | High-temperature mechanical properties are typically controlled by the creep behavior of the matrix, due to its lower melting point. Thus, property optimization can be difficult, as reducing the volume fraction of matrix improves creep behavior, but may negatively impact the sintering behavior. For high-temperature mat... | Liquid phase sintering | 0.800095 |
79,355 | The Demarco et al. review of composite restoration studies noted that patient factors affect longevity of restorations: Compared to patients with generally good dental health, patients with poorer dental health (possibly due to poor dental hygiene, diet, genetics, frequency of dental checkups, etc.) experience higher r... | Dental composites | 0.800095 |
79,356 | In Bayesian statistics, Bayes' theorem provides a useful rule for updating a probability when new frequency data becomes available. In Bayesian statistics, the theorem itself plays a more limited role. Bayes' theorem connects probabilities that are held simultaneously. It does not tell the learner how to update probabi... | Richard Jeffrey | 0.800095 |
79,357 | In computer programming, the exclusive or swap (sometimes shortened to XOR swap) is an algorithm that uses the exclusive or bitwise operation to swap the values of two variables without using the temporary variable which is normally required. The algorithm is primarily a novelty and a way of demonstrating properties of... | XOR swap algorithm | 0.800094 |
79,358 | For this finding, von Klitzing was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics. A link between exact quantization and gauge invariance was subsequently proposed by Robert Laughlin, who connected the quantized conductivity to the quantized charge transport in a Thouless charge pump. Most integer quantum Hall experiments are... | Hall conductivity | 0.800094 |
79,359 | However, the underlying software was proprietary and had to be rewritten. The fact that Microsoft launched and soon after shut down both Microsoft Academic and its predecessor Microsoft Academic Search has been interpreted as a sign that Microsoft "had never intended to enter into the business of scholarly metadata. In... | Microsoft Academic | 0.800094 |
79,360 | As a result, host diet also influences the ecology of the mouth by altering saliva pH and nutrient content. As a result the microbial life interacts with the oral environment. Oxygen content is a major variable that can influence the type of microbial flora present in the oral cavity. | Oral ecology | 0.800093 |
79,361 | John Stachel called this principle, the point-coincidence argument.Generally what is invariant under active diffeomorphisms, and hence gauge invariant, are the coincidences between the value the gravitational field and the value the matter field have at the same 'place' because the gravitational field and the matter fi... | Point-coincidence argument | 0.800093 |
79,362 | Nof, Shimon Y. Handbook of industrial robotics (Chapter 5, Section 9). Vol. | Robot calibration | 0.800093 |
79,363 | Emilia’s research interests include time-delay and singularly perturbed systems, sampled-data and network-based control, control of partial differential equations (PDEs) and nonlinear control. She has pioneered a time-delay approach to sampled-data control. This approach became popular in networked control systems, all... | Emilia Fridman | 0.800093 |
79,364 | In chemistry, the molar absorption coefficient or molar attenuation coefficient (ε) is a measurement of how strongly a chemical species absorbs, and thereby attenuates, light at a given wavelength. It is an intrinsic property of the species. The SI unit of molar absorption coefficient is the square metre per mole (m2/m... | Molar absorption coefficient | 0.800092 |
79,365 | Łukasiewicz–Moisil algebras (LMn algebras) were introduced in the 1940s by Grigore Moisil (initially under the name of Łukasiewicz algebras) in the hope of giving algebraic semantics for the n-valued Łukasiewicz logic. However, in 1956 Alan Rose discovered that for n ≥ 5, the Łukasiewicz–Moisil algebra does not model t... | Łukasiewicz–Moisil algebra | 0.800092 |
79,366 | Science fiction has historically been sub-divided between hard science fiction and soft science fiction, with the division centering on the feasibility of the science central to the story. However, this distinction has come under increasing scrutiny in the 21st century. Some authors, such as Tade Thompson and Jeff Vand... | Sci fi | 0.800092 |
79,367 | This theorem generalizes the standard ham sandwich theorem by letting f(s,x) = s1x1 + … + snxn. Their second formulation is as follows: for any n + 1 measurable functions f0, f1, …, fn over X that are linearly independent over any subset of X of positive measure, there is a linear combination f = a0f0 + a1f1 + … + anfn... | Ham-sandwich theorem | 0.800092 |
79,368 | As a consequence, it can be shown that there is a unique topology τ on Prim(A) such that the closure of a set X with respect to τ is identical to the hull-kernel closure of X. Since unitarily equivalent representations have the same kernel, the map π ↦ ker(π) factors through a surjective map k: A ^ → Prim ( A ) . {\d... | Hull-kernel topology | 0.800092 |
79,369 | In mathematical logic, Löb's theorem states that in Peano arithmetic (PA) (or any formal system including PA), for any formula P, if it is provable in PA that "if P is provable in PA then P is true", then P is provable in PA. If Prov(P) means that the formula P is provable, we may express this more formally as If P A ⊢... | Löb's Theorem | 0.800091 |
79,370 | The wetted perimeter is the perimeter of the cross sectional area that is "wet". The length of line of the intersection of channel wetted surface with a cross sectional plane normal to the flow direction. The term wetted perimeter is common in civil engineering, environmental engineering, hydrology, geomorphology, and ... | Wetted perimeter | 0.80009 |
79,371 | In fact, in-depth imaging of cerebral hemodynamic responses by fMRI, being noninvasive, paved the way for major discoveries in neurosciences in the early stage, and is applicable on humans. However, fMRI also suffers limitations. First, the cost and size of MR machines can be prohibitive. | Functional ultrasound imaging | 0.80009 |
79,372 | Concise Review of Algebra and Trigonometry. Saunders. ISBN 9780721641614. | Adolph Winkler Goodman | 0.80009 |
79,373 | In Hawaii, sea hares, or kualakai, are typically cooked in an imu wrapped in ti leaves.Aplysia californica is a species of sea hare noteworthy for its use in studies of the neurobiology of learning and memory, due to its unusually large axons. It is especially associated with the work of Nobel Laureate Eric Kandel. Res... | Sea hare | 0.80009 |
79,374 | 90–104 in Kitchener, R. F. (ed.). The World View of Contemporary Physics: Does It Need a New Metaphysics?. | Milič Čapek | 0.800089 |
79,375 | Paleontology (), also spelled palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present). It includes the study of fossils to classify organisms and study their interactions with each other and thei... | Paleontology | 0.800089 |
79,376 | Remaining reserves of fossil fuel are estimated as: These are the proven energy reserves; real reserves may be four or more times larger. These numbers are very uncertain. Estimating the remaining fossil fuels on the planet depends on a detailed understanding of Earth's crust. With modern drilling technology, we can dr... | World energy resources | 0.800089 |
79,377 | The ⟨ + , × , ∂ , < , ≺ ⟩ {\displaystyle \left\langle +,\times ,\partial ,<,\prec \right\rangle } theory of T L E {\displaystyle \mathbb {T} ^{LE}} is decidable and can be axiomatized as follows (this is Theorem 2.2 of Aschenbrenner et al.): T L E {\displaystyle \mathbb {T} ^{LE}} is an ordered valued differential fiel... | Transseries | 0.800089 |
79,378 | Circulation can be related to curl of a vector field V and, more specifically, to vorticity if the field is a fluid velocity field, By Stokes' theorem, the flux of curl or vorticity vectors through a surface S is equal to the circulation around its perimeter, Here, the closed integration path ∂S is the boundary or peri... | Circulation (physics) | 0.800089 |
79,379 | Geology and soils (i.e. bedrock and texture) play also an important role. When the mineral soil is composed of heavy clay, the soil will act as an impermeable substrate that facilitates water accumulation.Simply an increase in surface water from melting permafrost can cause increased paludification in boreal ecosystems... | Paludification | 0.800088 |
79,380 | Beside the TI Basic functionality the Nspire calculators provides functionality to run scripts written in two additional programming languages with the standard TI firmware. With the release of OS 3.0, the Lua scripting language is supported, allowing 3rd party programs to be run without the need of exploits. There are... | TI-Nspire series | 0.800088 |
79,381 | Professor Patrick Forterre, born 21 August 1949 in Paris, is a French writer and researcher in biology. He is Head of the Department of Microbiology at the Pasteur Institute and is known for his work on Archaea, viruses and the evolution of life. Forterre was the first to use the abbreviation of "Last Universal Common ... | Patrick Forterre | 0.800088 |
79,382 | Shagrir identifies several philosophers of neuroscience who espouse structural accounts. According to him, Fodor and Pylyshyn require some sort of syntactic constraint on their theory of computation. This is consistent with their rejection of connectionist systems on the grounds of systematicity. | Neurophilosophy | 0.800088 |
79,383 | To draw useful information from a biological network, an understanding of the statistical and mathematical techniques of identifying relationships within a network is vital. Procedures to identify association, communities, and centrality within nodes in a biological network can provide insight into the relationships of... | Network biology | 0.800088 |
79,384 | Mitochondrial genetics concerns the diagnosis and management of mitochondrial disorders, which have a molecular basis but often result in biochemical abnormalities due to deficient energy production. There exists some overlap between medical genetic diagnostic laboratories and molecular pathology. | Clinical genetics | 0.800088 |
79,385 | The Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR) is dedicated to the rapid dissemination of important research results to the global artificial intelligence (AI) community. The journal's scope encompasses all areas of AI, including agents and multi-agent systems, automated reasoning, constraint processing and sea... | Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research | 0.800088 |
79,386 | Alternation of generations – Beta oxidation – Bioelectricity – Biological pest control – Biological rhythm – Bipolar disorder – Cardiopulmonary resuscitation – Calvin–Benson cycle – Cell cycle – Chronobiology – Citric acid cycle – Circadian rhythm – Clinical depression – Digestion – Ecology – Feedback – Infradian rhyth... | List of cycles | 0.800087 |
79,387 | Theoretically, it is possible to build a set of masks that produce shadows in the form of digits, such that the display changes as the sun moves. This is the fractal sundial. The theorem was proved in 1987 by Kenneth Falconer. Four years later it was described in Scientific American by Ian Stewart. | Digital sundial | 0.800087 |
79,388 | In subsequent work, Witten showed that the (2,0)-theory could be used to understand a concept in mathematics called Khovanov homology. Developed by Mikhail Khovanov around 2000, Khovanov homology provides a tool in knot theory, the branch of mathematics that studies and classifies the different shapes of knots. Another... | M theory | 0.800087 |
79,389 | To meet the challenge of antigenic drift, vaccines that confer broad protection against heterovariant strains are needed against seasonal, epidemic and pandemic influenza.As in all RNA viruses, mutations in influenza occur frequently because the virus' RNA polymerase has no proofreading mechanism, resulting in an error... | Antigenic drift | 0.800087 |
79,390 | Anita Sengupta is an American aerospace engineer. She is a graduate in aerospace and mechanical engineering (MS '00, Ph.D. '05) of the Viterbi School of Engineering at the University of Southern California. She was the lead systems engineer of the team that developed the parachute system that was deployed during the la... | Anita Sengupta | 0.800087 |
79,391 | Advances in quantum computational chemistry methods have allowed for faster theoretical examination of dispersion effects in molecular chemistry. Standard density functional theory (DFT) does not account well for dispersion effects, but corrections like the popular -D3 correction can be used with DFT to provide efficie... | Dispersion stabilized molecules | 0.800087 |
79,392 | The entailment of the system by its logical foundation is what distinguishes a formal system from others which may have some basis in an abstract model. Often the formal system will be the basis for or even identified with a larger theory or field (e.g. Euclidean geometry) consistent with the usage in modern mathematic... | System of logic | 0.800086 |
79,393 | Ray's personal model of reality, called "Time Cube", states that all of modern physics and education is wrong, and argues that, among many other things, Greenwich Time is a global conspiracy. He uses various graphs (along with pictures of himself) that purport to show how each day is really four separate days—SUN-UP, M... | Time Cube | 0.800086 |
79,394 | Flerovium is the heaviest known member of group 14, below lead, and is projected to be the second member of the 7p series of elements. Nihonium and flerovium are expected to form a very short subperiod corresponding to the filling of the 7p1/2 orbital, coming between the filling of the 6d5/2 and 7p3/2 subshells. Their ... | Flerovium | 0.800086 |
79,395 | This 2- dianion was found to be isoelectronic with the aromatic triphenylcyclopropenium cation, +. Thus, the concept of “metalloaromaticity”, the proposition that a metallic ring system could display traditional aromatic behavior historically restricted to carbon ring systems (i.e., benzene), was experimentally realize... | Gregory H. Robinson | 0.800086 |
79,396 | She spent a summer working in the University of Hawaii at Hilo lab of noted mycologist Don Hemmes and graduated from Hilo High School in 1981.Doudna was an undergraduate student at Pomona College in Claremont, California, where she studied biochemistry. During her freshman year, while taking a course in general chemist... | Jennifer Doudna | 0.800086 |
79,397 | Delay Doppler coordinates are coordinates typically used in a radar technology-inspired approach to measurement. When used in wireless communication, the Delay Doppler domain mirrors the geometry of the reflectors comprising the wireless channel, which changes far more slowly than the phase changes experienced in the r... | Delay Doppler | 0.800086 |
79,398 | Constraint grammar (CG) is a methodological paradigm for natural language processing (NLP). Linguist-written, context-dependent rules are compiled into a grammar that assigns grammatical tags ("readings") to words or other tokens in running text. Typical tags address lemmatisation (lexeme or base form), inflexion, deri... | Constraint grammar | 0.800085 |
79,399 | Bibcode:1937RvMP....9..245L. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.9.245.A series of three articles by Hans Bethe summarizing the knowledge in the subject of Nuclear Physics at the time of publication. The set of three articles is colloquially referred to as "Bethe's bible".C. | List of important publications in physics | 0.800085 |
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