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83,900 | The SNSPD consists of a thin (≈ 5 nm) and narrow (≈ 100 nm) superconducting nanowire. The length is typically hundreds of micrometers, and the nanowire is patterned in a compact meander geometry to create a square or circular pixel with high detection efficiency. The nanowire is cooled well below its superconducting cr... | Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector | 0.799121 |
83,901 | SwitchUp regularly publishes industry research and bootcamp rankings. They also put out data science, cyber security, and web design rankings. They also offer scholarship information and listings for bootcamps that accept the GI Bill.In a job outcomes study conducted by researchers published on Dec 1, 2016, the followi... | SwitchUp | 0.799121 |
83,902 | From 2001 to 2002 this inclined geometry was confirmed by the same means, by core helium-burning red clump stars, and by the tip of the red giant branch. All three papers find an inclination of ~35°, where a face-on galaxy has an inclination of 0°. Further work on the structure of the LMC using the kinematics of carbon... | Large Magellanic Cloud | 0.799121 |
83,903 | Over a million eligible American children were not enrolled in kindergarten for the 2021–2022 school year. The 2022 annual Report on the Condition of Education conducted by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) for the U.S. Department of Education indicates that, during 2019 to 2020, there was a 13% decre... | Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education | 0.79912 |
83,904 | 11, 1971, p. 605. Determination of the parameters β p {\displaystyle \beta _{p}} and l i {\displaystyle l_{i}} in a tokamak for arbitrary shape of plasma pinch cross-section, Plasma Physics, vol. | Vitaly Shafranov | 0.79912 |
83,905 | In fluid mechanics, hydrostatic equilibrium (hydrostatic balance, hydrostasy) is the condition of a fluid or plastic solid at rest, which occurs when external forces, such as gravity, are balanced by a pressure-gradient force. In the planetary physics of Earth, the pressure-gradient force prevents gravity from collapsi... | Hydrostatic fluid | 0.79912 |
83,906 | By 1930, under the influence of such as these, he turned his attention to physics and mathematics. In 1936, he obtained his doctorate at TU Berlin under Nobel Laureate Gustav Hertz, who was also director of the Siemens Research Laboratory II. Barwich then joined Hertz at Siemens. | Heinz Barwich | 0.79912 |
83,907 | After graduating from DePauw, Julian wanted to obtain his doctorate in chemistry, but learned it would be difficult for an African American to do so. Instead, he obtained a position as a chemistry instructor at Fisk University. In 1923 he received an Austin Fellowship in Chemistry, which allowed him to attend Harvard U... | Percy Lavon Julian | 0.79912 |
83,908 | Shielded cables increase robustness and switches with management functions facilitate network diagnostics and allow the network topology to be captured as desired for controlling a production line or machine. Process automation requires increased availability, which can be achieved through media and system redundancy. ... | Profinet | 0.79912 |
83,909 | Catherine Greenhill is an Australian mathematician known for her research on random graphs, combinatorial enumeration and Markov chains. She is a professor of mathematics in the School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of New South Wales, and an editor-in-chief of the Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. | Catherine Greenhill | 0.799119 |
83,910 | The Lipschitz group Γ is defined to be the set of invertible elements x that stabilize the set of vectors under this action, meaning that for all v in V we have: This formula also defines an action of the Lipschitz group on the vector space V that preserves the quadratic form Q, and so gives a homomorphism from the Lip... | Clifford Algebra | 0.799119 |
83,911 | In pharmacology and biochemistry, mode of action (MoA) describes a functional or anatomical change, resulting from the exposure of a living organism to a substance. In comparison, a mechanism of action (MOA) describes such changes at the molecular level.A mode of action is important in classifying chemicals, as it repr... | Mode of action | 0.799119 |
83,912 | The globes were then attached to the armature by metal wire. A time-lapsed video of the installation is available at Chihuly's official website.On September 30, 2009, the unveiling and dedication of Chihuly's DNA Tower sculpture in the Morris Mills Atrium of the VanNuys Medical Science Building coincided with the dedic... | DNA Tower | 0.799119 |
83,913 | In physics and mathematics, time domain electromagnetics refers to one of two general groups of techniques (in mathematics, often called ansätze) that describe electromagnetic wave motion. In contrast with frequency domain electromagnetics, which are based on the Fourier or Laplace transform, time domain keeps time as ... | Time domain electromagnetics | 0.799118 |
83,914 | This is a corollary of the Dubins–Spanier convexity theorem (the existence of a consensus 1/k-division was previously noted by Jerzy Neyman). However, this theorem says nothing about the number of required cuts. | Exact division | 0.799118 |
83,915 | Microvelia exploit surface tension by creating a surface tension gradient that propels them forward by releasing a surfactant behind them through a tongue-like protrusion. Biomimetic engineering was used in a creative and fun way to make and edible cocktail boat that mimicked the ability of microvelia to propel themsel... | Surface tension biomimetics | 0.799118 |
83,916 | Croot's result follows as a corollary of a more general theorem stating the existence of Egyptian fraction representations of unity for sets C {\displaystyle C} of smooth numbers in intervals of the form {\displaystyle } , where C {\displaystyle C} contains sufficiently many numbers so that the sum of their reciprocal... | Erdős–Graham problem | 0.799117 |
83,917 | Climatology – The scientific study of climate, defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of time Outline of climatology – Hierarchical outline list of articles related to climatology Earth science – The fields of natural science relating to the planet Earth Outline of Earth sciences – Hierarchical outline li... | Outline of oceanography | 0.799117 |
83,918 | The Discovery Net system was developed as part of the Discovery Net pilot project (2001–2005), a £2m research project funded by the EPSRC under the UK e-Science Programme (E-Science § UK programme). The research on the project was conducted at Imperial College London as a collaboration between the Departments of Comput... | Discovery Net | 0.799117 |
83,919 | QED concludes that the fine-structure constant is an increasing function of energy. It has been shown that at energies of the order of the Z0 boson rest energy, mzc2 ≈ 90 GeV, that: α ≈ 1 129 {\displaystyle \alpha \approx {\frac {1}{129}}} rather than the low-energy α ≈ 1/137. The renormalization procedure of eliminati... | Zero-point energies | 0.799117 |
83,920 | He is an expert in quantum computing and a founding member of The Quantum Industry Coalition. His groundbreaking inventions in manufacturing include the development of the world’s most advanced inspection instrument, which combines super resolution, AI, and robotics. He has lectured at the University of Paris, USC, Uni... | Matthew Putman (scientist) | 0.799117 |
83,921 | Parker said he felt "like the Department for Transport had not read the petition properly". The official response stated it would be too costly to replace the current signs; however, Parker said he only asked for a "precedent for the new signs". In regards to the exact geometry of a football, Parker said he is "not ask... | Matt Parker | 0.799117 |
83,922 | The problem of evaluating the integral F ( x ) = ∫ a x f ( u ) d u {\displaystyle F(x)=\int _{a}^{x}f(u)\,du} can be reduced to an initial value problem for an ordinary differential equation by applying the first part of the fundamental theorem of calculus. By differentiating both sides of the above with respect to the... | Numerical integration | 0.799117 |
83,923 | Between 1964-8, he was seconded to the University of Dar es Salaam, where he served as Chair of Chemistry. During his time there, he was responsible for creating both new laboratories and a new curriculum. Upon his return to Leeds in 1968, he was promoted to senior lecturer. | John Harry Robertson | 0.799116 |
83,924 | The Frenet–Serret apparatus allows one to define certain optimal ribbons and tubes centered around a curve. These have diverse applications in materials science and elasticity theory, as well as to computer graphics.The Frenet ribbon along a curve C is the surface traced out by sweeping the line segment generated by t... | Frenet–Serret formulas | 0.799116 |
83,925 | The rate of 3D Systems' acquisitions (16 in 2011) raised questions with regard to the task facing the company's management team. Other onlookers pointed to the encompassing scope of the acquisitions as indicating calculated steps by 3D Systems to consolidate the 3D printing industry under one roof and logo, and to beco... | 3D Systems | 0.799116 |
83,926 | Charles Moore, a sea captain and oceanographer for the Algalita Marine Research Institute in Long Beach, California, discovered this substance in 2006 while surveying Kamilo Beach on the Big Island of Hawai’i. Geology professor, Dr. Patricia Corcoran and Visual artist professor, Kelly Jazvac of the University of Wester... | Plastiglomerate | 0.799116 |
83,927 | Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm (Russian: И́горь Евге́ньевич Тамм, IPA: ; 8 July 1895 – 12 April 1971) was a Soviet physicist who received the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics, jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Ilya Mikhailovich Frank, for their 1934 discovery and demonstration of Cherenkov radiation. He also predicted ... | Igor Tamm | 0.799115 |
83,928 | Quod erat etc. (Therefore all the surfaces of the cylinders taken together, that is the acute solid E B D {\displaystyle EBD} itself, is the same as the cylinder of base F E D C {\displaystyle FEDC} , which will be equal to all its circles taken together, that is to cylinder A C G H {\displaystyle ACGH} .) (The volume ... | Painter's paradox | 0.799115 |
83,929 | The relationship he used was precise enough only for a person located in (or close to) Mecca, but was still a widely used method at the time. Al-Battānī's equation for q {\displaystyle q} , the angle of the direction of a place towards Mecca is given by: tan q = sin Δ λ sin Δ ϕ {\displaystyle \tan q={\frac {\sin ... | Al-Battani | 0.799114 |
83,930 | 2019: J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics from the American Physical Society "For creative contributions to physics beyond the Standard Model, in particular the discovery that warped extra dimensions of space can solve the hierarchy puzzle, which has had a tremendous impact on searches at the Large Had... | Raman Sundrum | 0.799114 |
83,931 | In mathematics, and more specifically in the theory of von Neumann algebras, a crossed product is a basic method of constructing a new von Neumann algebra from a von Neumann algebra acted on by a group. It is related to the semidirect product construction for groups. (Roughly speaking, crossed product is the expected s... | Crossed product | 0.799114 |
83,932 | In 1771, Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde deduced the importance of topological features when discussing the properties of knots related to the geometry of position. Between 1772 and 1788, Joseph-Louis Lagrange re-formulated the formulas and calculations of Classical "Newtonian" mechanics, called Lagrangian mechanics. T... | History of mathematical notation | 0.799114 |
83,933 | Another concern is that clinically less severe cases of the new entity may be missed, and that the actual spectrum of disease severity could be broader, especially given the reliance on early observations of severe disease for provisional case definition. Some statistical modeling has been used to explore possible subd... | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children | 0.799113 |
83,934 | Pierre Gabriel (1 August 1933 – 24 November 2015), also known as Peter Gabriel, was a French mathematician at the University of Strasbourg (1962–1970), University of Bonn (1970–1974) and University of Zürich (1974–1998) who worked on category theory, algebraic groups, and representation theory of algebras. He was elect... | Pierre Gabriel | 0.799113 |
83,935 | The introduction of nanomaterials as SALDI substrates attracted researchers in analytical chemistry. Such materials include carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metallic nanoparticles like Ag, Pt, Au, and nanostructured surfaces. | Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization | 0.799113 |
83,936 | Even many countries formulate energy strategies. The Swiss Federal Council decided in May 2011 to resign nuclear energy medium-dated. The nuclear power plants will be shut down at the end of life and will not be replaced. In Compensation they put the focus on energy efficiency, renewable energies, fossil energy sources... | Energy management | 0.799113 |
83,937 | Materials science has shaped the development of civilizations since the dawn of mankind. Better materials for tools and weapons has allowed mankind to spread and conquer, and advancements in material processing like steel and aluminum production continue to impact society today. Historians have regarded materials as su... | History of materials science | 0.799112 |
83,938 | In 2002 she earned Bachelor of Science in physics with high distinction, winning the Laura B. Eisenstein award at UIUC as the outstanding woman in physics. In August 2007 Majewski completed her Ph.D. in applied physics at Stanford University, based on data collected at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. | Stephanie A. Majewski | 0.799112 |
83,939 | "Nick Bostrom observes that "A lot of cutting edge AI has filtered into general applications, often without being called AI because once something becomes useful enough and common enough it's not labelled AI anymore. "The AI effect on decision-making in supply chain risk management is a severely understudied area.To av... | AI effect | 0.799112 |
83,940 | Farid F. Abraham (born May 5, 1937) is an American scientist. He has pioneered new methods of using computer modeling in the fields of fracture mechanics, membrane dynamics and phase transformation behavior of matter. He has written two textbooks and over 200 papers published in international journals. He won the Anees... | Farid F. Abraham | 0.799111 |
83,941 | For many systems of physical and chemical kinetics, detailed balance provides sufficient conditions for the strict increase of entropy in isolated systems. For example, the famous Boltzmann H-theorem states that, according to the Boltzmann equation, the principle of detailed balance implies positivity of entropy produc... | Detailed balance | 0.799111 |
83,942 | The site researched Triarylmethane dyes in the 1920s. It worked with the University of Bradford, which opened its Chemistry and Chemical Technology Building in October 1967.There was extensive building in the late 1960s, with a £3 million new technical services centre for around 700 scientists. The site claimed to have... | Hexagon Tower | 0.799111 |
83,943 | EPTA is the name of ethanolic phosphotungstic acid, its alcohol solution used in biology. It has the appearance of small, colorless-grayish or slightly yellow-green crystals, with melting point 89 °C (24 H2O hydrate). It is odorless and soluble in water (200 g/100 ml). | Phosphotungstic acid | 0.799111 |
83,944 | And if we had warming, it should be accomplished by less storminess. But because the temperature itself is so unspectacular, we have developed all sorts of fear of prospect scenarios – of flooding, of plague, of increased storminess when the physics says we should see less. I think it's mainly just like little kids loc... | Richard Lindzen | 0.79911 |
83,945 | Order statistics First-order statistics, e.g., arithmetic mean, median, quantiles Second-order statistics, e.g., correlation, power spectrum, variance Higher-order statistics, e.g., bispectrum, kurtosis, skewness | Order (algebra) | 0.79911 |
83,946 | (Note that the Hebbian learning rule takes the form w i j = ( 2 V i s − 1 ) ( 2 V j s − 1 ) {\displaystyle w_{ij}=(2V_{i}^{s}-1)(2V_{j}^{s}-1)} when the units assume values in { 0 , 1 } {\displaystyle \{0,1\}} .) Once the network is trained, w i j {\displaystyle w_{ij}} no longer evolve. If a new state of neurons V s ′... | Hopfield neural network | 0.79911 |
83,947 | Algebraic analysis motivated by systems of linear partial differential equations, it is a branch of algebraic geometry and algebraic topology that uses methods from sheaf theory and complex analysis, to study the properties and generalizations of functions. It was started by Mikio Sato. Algebraic combinatorics an area ... | Glossary of areas of mathematics | 0.79911 |
83,948 | He obtained his Diploma 1992 and Doctorate 1994 in physics from the University of Göttingen. | Martin Bodo Plenio | 0.799109 |
83,949 | In geometry, the convex hull or convex envelope or convex closure of a shape is the smallest convex set that contains it. The convex hull may be defined either as the intersection of all convex sets containing a given subset of a Euclidean space, or equivalently as the set of all convex combinations of points in the su... | Minimum convex polygon | 0.799109 |
83,950 | According to IBM, the cloud-delivered enterprise-ready Watson has seen its speed increase 24 times over—a 2,300 percent improvement in performance and its physical size shrank by 90 percent—from the size of a master bedroom to three stacked pizza boxes. IBM CEO Virginia Rometty said she wants Watson to generate $10 bil... | Watson (artificial intelligence software) | 0.799109 |
83,951 | Another operation ∗ may be defined in a Hurwitz algebra as x ∗ y = x yThe algebra (A, ∗) is a composition algebra not generally unital, known as a para-Hurwitz algebra. : 484 In dimensions 4 and 8 these are para-quaternion and para-octonion algebras. : 40, 41 A para-Hurwitz algebra satisfies: 48 ( x ∗ y ) ∗ x = x ∗ ( y... | Okubo algebra | 0.799109 |
83,952 | Michael Ira Rosen (born March 7, 1938) is an American mathematician who works on algebraic number theory, arithmetic theory of function fields, and arithmetic algebraic geometry. | Michael Rosen (mathematician) | 0.799109 |
83,953 | Richard Penny, a statistics professor in New Zealand, believed that Charlie confused the observer effect with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In contrast, Cynthia Boris, a reviewer for DVD Verdict, called "Uncertainty Principle" "likely the best episode ever". Todd Douglass, Jr., a reviewer for DVD Talk, called t... | Uncertainty Principle (Numbers) | 0.799109 |
83,954 | In probability theory, the mixing time of a Markov chain is the time until the Markov chain is "close" to its steady state distribution. More precisely, a fundamental result about Markov chains is that a finite state irreducible aperiodic chain has a unique stationary distribution π and, regardless of the initial state... | Markov chain mixing time | 0.799109 |
83,955 | . {\displaystyle e^{\Gamma }={\frac {g_{0}+g_{1}(jf)+g_{2}(jf^{2}+....}{h_{0}+h_{1}(jf)+h_{2}(jf)^{2}+....}}} in which g0, g1 ,h0, etc. are algebraic functions of a0, b0, etc. From this, the attenuation constant can be derived and expressed as a function of frequency. (It was the usual practice in the 1920s to display ... | Lattice and bridged-T equalizers | 0.799108 |
83,956 | There have been several studies done of interventions aimed at reducing the gender achievement gap in science classes. Some interventions, such as instituting mentoring programs aimed at women or restructuring the course curriculum, have had limited success. The most successful interventions have been a form of psychol... | Achievement gaps in the United States | 0.799107 |
83,957 | The statistics for the most frequently executed basic blocks are listed in order of execution frequency. The line number is the number of the first line in the block. There are two implementations of tcov: Old Style coverage analysis: In this implementation, also known as tcov original, the compiler creates a coverage ... | Tcov | 0.799107 |
83,958 | Hiley wanted to investigate how physics could be based on a notion of process, and he found that David Bohm held similar ideas. He reports that during the seminars he held together with Roger Penrose he was particularly fascinated by John Wheeler's "sum over three geometries" ideas that he was using to quantise gravity... | Basil Hiley | 0.799107 |
83,959 | Possible Minds: Twenty-five Ways of Looking at AI, edited by John Brockman, is a 2019 collection of essays on the future impact of artificial intelligence. | Possible Minds | 0.799107 |
83,960 | In chemistry, bond energy (BE), also called the mean bond enthalpy or average bond enthalpy is a measure of bond strength in a chemical bond. IUPAC defines bond energy as the average value of the gas-phase bond-dissociation energy (usually at a temperature of 298.15 K) for all bonds of the same type within the same che... | Bonding strength | 0.799107 |
83,961 | In mathematics, informal logic and argument mapping, a lemma (PL: lemmas or lemmata) is a generally minor, proven proposition which is used as a stepping stone to a larger result. For that reason, it is also known as a "helping theorem" or an "auxiliary theorem". In many cases, a lemma derives its importance from the t... | Lemma (mathematics) | 0.799106 |
83,962 | In particle physics, the radiation length is a characteristic of a material, related to the energy loss of high energy particles electromagnetically interacting with it. It is defined as the mean length (in cm) into the material at which the energy of an electron is reduced by the factor 1/e. | Radiation length | 0.799106 |
83,963 | In social choice theory, the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem is a result published independently by philosopher Allan Gibbard in 1973 and economist Mark Satterthwaite in 1975. It deals with deterministic ordinal electoral systems that choose a single winner. It states that for every voting rule, one of the following thre... | Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem | 0.799106 |
83,964 | Explainable AI (XAI), also known as Interpretable AI, or Explainable Machine Learning (XML), either refers to an AI system over which it is possible for humans to retain intellectual oversight, or to the methods to achieve this. The main focus is usually on the reasoning behind the decisions or predictions made by the ... | Explainable AI | 0.799106 |
83,965 | Although the angular resolution has now decreased to a few degrees and different species can be separated, one challenge is to expand the energy range upwards to about 500 Kev. This high energy range covers most of the plasma pressure of Earth's inner magnetosphere as well as some of the higher-energy radiation belts s... | Neutral Atom Imaging | 0.799105 |
83,966 | UltraRAM is a novel storage device that is under development. The Physics and Engineering department of Lancaster University in collaboration with Department of Physics at Warwick published a paper in the journal of advanced electronic materials suggesting a breakthrough in the possibility of mass production of UltraRA... | UltraRAM | 0.799105 |
83,967 | The upper bound theorem states that cyclic polytopes have the maximum possible number of faces for a given dimension and number of vertices: if Δ is a simplicial sphere of dimension d − 1 with n vertices, then f i ( Δ ) ≤ f i ( Δ ( n , d ) ) for i = 0 , 1 , … , d − 1. {\displaystyle f_{i}(\Delta )\leq f_{i}(\Delta (n,d... | Cyclic polytope | 0.799105 |
83,968 | The retention of geometry is critical to geocell performance for the lifespan of the project. Volumetric change above 2% could result in loss of confinement, compaction, settlement, fatigue and/or failure. The key properties must maintain its elastic stiffness under dynamic loading, elastic properties without permanent... | Cellular confinement | 0.799105 |
83,969 | The Hilbert class field E also satisfies the following: E is a finite Galois extension of K and = hK, where hK is the class number of K. The ideal class group of K is isomorphic to the Galois group of E over K. Every ideal of OK extends to a principal ideal of the ring extension OE (principal ideal theorem). Every pri... | Narrow Hilbert class field | 0.799104 |
83,970 | The crossing pattern of chords in a chord diagram may be described by a circle graph, the intersection graph of the chords: it has a vertex for each chord and an edge for each two chords that cross.In knot theory, a chord diagram can be used to describe the sequence of crossings along the planar projection of a knot, w... | Chord diagram (mathematics) | 0.799104 |
83,971 | Hybridization is greatly influenced by human impact on the environment, through effects such as habitat fragmentation and species introductions. Such impacts make it difficult to conserve the genetics of populations undergoing introgressive hybridization. Humans have introduced species worldwide to environments for a l... | Intraspecific hybrid | 0.799104 |
83,972 | A large portion of the properties of these systems are due to the surface chemistry of particles in dispersion, known as colloids. This can readily be seen with a mixture of cornstarch and water (sometimes called oobleck), which acts in counterintuitive ways when struck or thrown against a surface. Sand that is complet... | Dilatant | 0.799104 |
83,973 | In 1998, Paul Anastas (who then directed the Green Chemistry Program at the US EPA) and John C. Warner (then of Polaroid Corporation) published a set of principles to guide the practice of green chemistry. The twelve principles address a range of ways to lower the environmental and health impacts of chemical production... | Green Chemistry | 0.799104 |
83,974 | In 1996, he habilitated in experimental physics at the University of Augsburg and was professor for electrical engineering and plasma research at the University of Stuttgart from 1996 to 1999. He has been a scientific member of the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics since 1999 and heads the Tokamak scenario resear... | Hartmut Zohm | 0.799103 |
83,975 | A generalization of the Kac–Bernstein theorem is the Darmois–Skitovich theorem, in which instead of sum and difference linear forms from n independent random variables are considered. | Kac–Bernstein theorem | 0.799103 |
83,976 | See also irreducible component, algebraic variety. In universal algebra, irreducible can refer to the inability to represent an algebraic structure as a composition of simpler structures using a product construction; for example subdirectly irreducible. A 3-manifold is P²-irreducible if it is irreducible and contains n... | Irreducible (mathematics) | 0.799103 |
83,977 | After spending time in Turkey and Yugoslavia, he made his way to Germany, where he enrolled at the University of Berlin later that year. In 1925, he earned his PhD in physical chemistry under the supervision of Max Bodenstein, writing his thesis on the photochemical decomposition of chlorine monoxide and ozone. He then... | George Kistiakowsky | 0.799103 |
83,978 | The Fenske equation in continuous fractional distillation is an equation used for calculating the minimum number of theoretical plates required for the separation of a binary feed stream by a fractionation column that is being operated at total reflux (i.e., which means that no overhead product distillate is being with... | Fenske equation | 0.799102 |
83,979 | He has written 3 books, and published around 400 scientific articles. "Yves Pomeau occupies a central and unique place in modern statistical physics. His work has had a profound influence in several areas of physics, and in particular on the mechanics of continuous media. | Yves Pomeau | 0.799102 |
83,980 | Algebraically, this corresponds to the action of S3 on the 2-cycles (its Sylow 2-subgroups) by conjugation and realizes the isomorphism with the group of inner automorphisms, S 3 → ∼ Inn ( S 3 ) ≅ S 3 . {\textstyle \mathrm {S} _{3}\mathrel {\overset {\sim }{\to }} \operatorname {Inn} (\mathrm {S} _{3})\cong \mathrm {... | Six cross-ratios | 0.799101 |
83,981 | Sentinel was designed to perform continuous observation and analysis during its planned 6+1⁄2-year operational life, although B612 anticipates it may continue to function for up to 10 years. Using its 51-centimetre (20 in) telescope mirror with sensors built by Ball Aerospace (makers of the Hubble Space Telescope's ins... | B612 Foundation | 0.799101 |
83,982 | Trivers studied evolutionary theory with Ernst Mayr and William Drury at Harvard from 1968 to 1972, when he earned his PhD in biology. At Harvard he published a series of some of the most influential and highly cited papers in evolutionary biology. His first major paper as a graduate student was "The evolution of recip... | Robert Trivers | 0.799101 |
83,983 | Stevens's power law of psychophysics (challenged with demonstrations that it may be logarithmic) The power law of forgetting | Scaling law | 0.799101 |
83,984 | Sleep is investigated for potential ways to leverage it for acutely (e.g. via complex analogical problem solving or sleep onset periods as creative sweet spots) or chonically improving types of creativity. There is research into interventions to enhance sleep as in improving sleep quality, efficiency (sleep latency), a... | Neuroenhancement | 0.799101 |
83,985 | ("Low" and "High" voltages for differential SCSI are relative to SCSI standards and do not meet the meaning of low voltage and high voltage as used in general electrical engineering contexts, as apply e.g. to statutory electrical codes; both LVD and HVD use low voltage signals (3.3 V and 5 V respectively) in general te... | Hard disk drive interface | 0.799101 |
83,986 | In 1808, John Dalton defended caloric theory in A New System of Chemistry and described how it combines with matter, especially gases; he proposed that the heat capacity of gases varies inversely with atomic weight. In 1824, Sadi Carnot analyzed the efficiency of steam engines using caloric theory; he developed the not... | Meteorology | 0.799101 |
83,987 | This was one of the results that motivated the initial definition of perfect graphs. Perfection of the complements of line graphs of perfect graphs is yet another restatement of Kőnig's theorem, and perfection of the line graphs themselves is a restatement of an earlier theorem of Kőnig, that every bipartite graph has ... | Bipartite graph | 0.799101 |
83,988 | Their work was an influence on Pauling, who had just received his doctorate and visited Heitler and London in Zürich on a Guggenheim Fellowship. Subsequently, in 1931, building on the work of Heitler and London and on theories found in Lewis' famous article, Pauling published his ground-breaking article "The Nature of ... | History of molecular theory | 0.799101 |
83,989 | In geometry, the truncated great dodecahedron is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U37. It has 24 faces (12 pentagrams and 12 decagons), 90 edges, and 60 vertices. It is given a Schläfli symbol t{5,5/2}. | Truncated great dodecahedron | 0.799101 |
83,990 | Overlap matrix — a type of Gramian matrix, used in quantum chemistry to describe the inter-relationship of a set of basis vectors of a quantum system. S matrix — a matrix in quantum mechanics that connects asymptotic (infinite past and future) particle states. Scattering matrix - a matrix in Microwave Engineering that ... | List of named matrices | 0.7991 |
83,991 | Polymer science or macromolecular science is a subfield of materials science concerned with polymers, primarily synthetic polymers such as plastics and elastomers. The field of polymer science includes researchers in multiple disciplines including chemistry, physics, and engineering. | Macromolecular science | 0.7991 |
83,992 | The Pfaffian provides a metric for the exterior algebra and, as pointed out by Claude Chevalley, Clifford algebra reduces to the exterior algebra with a zero quadratic form. The role the Pfaffian plays can be understood from a geometric viewpoint by developing Clifford algebra from simplices. This derivation provides a... | Geometric algebra | 0.7991 |
83,993 | degree in Physics in 1974. She finished a M.S. in Optical Sciences in 1977 at the University of Arizona and a M.S. in Engineering (Engineering Executive Program) in 1981 at the University of California, Los Angeles. She finished her doctorate degree in Optical Sciences in 1979 at the College of Optical Sciences at the ... | Marija Strojnik Scholl | 0.7991 |
83,994 | Two years later, he was awarded D.Sc. for work on measurements of energy distribution of chemical bonds, and was promoted to senior lecturer at the University of Manchester.In 1952 Michael Szwarc moved to the United States and was a professor of physical chemistry and polymers at the State University of New York Colleg... | Michael Szwarc | 0.7991 |
83,995 | The Automation Institute (Spanish: Instituto de Automática) is an Argentine Research Institution located in San Juan Province (Argentina) dedicated to research advanced topics of Control Engineering, Robotics and Electronics. | Instituto de Automática | 0.799099 |
83,996 | In Bayesian statistics, a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimate is an estimate of an unknown quantity, that equals the mode of the posterior distribution. The MAP can be used to obtain a point estimate of an unobserved quantity on the basis of empirical data. It is closely related to the method of maximum lik... | MAP estimate | 0.799098 |
83,997 | Many mathematicians believe these generalizations of the Riemann hypothesis to be true. The only cases of these conjectures which have been proven occur in the algebraic function field case (not the number field case). | Extended Riemann hypothesis | 0.799098 |
83,998 | Hugo Hadwiger (23 December 1908 in Karlsruhe, Germany – 29 October 1981 in Bern, Switzerland) was a Swiss mathematician, known for his work in geometry, combinatorics, and cryptography. | Hugo Hadwiger | 0.799097 |
83,999 | To make routing fast enough for long paths (continental size) and avoid heuristical approaches GraphHopper uses contraction hierarchies by default. In the Java Magazine from Oracle, the author, Peter Karich, describes the techniques necessary to make the system memory efficient and fast. Furthermore, GraphHopper is bui... | GraphHopper | 0.799097 |
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