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87,600 | In organic chemistry, hydroxamic acids are a class of organic compounds bearing the functional group R−C(=O)−N(OH)−R', with R and R' as organic residues. They are amides (R−C(=O)−NH−R') wherein the nitrogen center has a hydroxyl (−OH) substituent. They are often used as metal chelators. | Hydroxamic acids | 0.798351 |
87,601 | The study of height is known as auxology. Growth has long been recognized as a measure of the health of individuals, hence part of the reasoning for the use of growth charts. For individuals, as indicators of health problems, growth trends are tracked for significant deviations, and growth is also monitored for signifi... | Human stature | 0.798351 |
87,602 | Both Wood and Pfund left Wisconsin for Johns Hopkins University in 1903. From 1903 to 1905 Pfund was a Carnegie research assistant and continued to work under Wood. In 1906 Pfund earned his Ph.D. in physics and was a Johnston scholar from 1907 to 1909. | August Herman Pfund | 0.79835 |
87,603 | The second part of the mission will last a few months up to the natural decay of the satellite. During these months, the satellite will collect telemetry validating the nanotechnology on board the platform in the hostile environment of deep space. Up to now, CubeSats were mainly targeted to Earth observation missions, ... | ArgoMoon | 0.79835 |
87,604 | While many substances can be used as the working fluid, water is usually chosen for its simple chemistry, relative abundance, low cost, and thermodynamic properties. By condensing the working steam vapor to a liquid, the pressure at the turbine outlet is lowered, and the energy required by the feed pump consumes only 1... | Steam reheat | 0.79835 |
87,605 | In chemical biology, bioorthogonal chemical reporter is a non-native chemical functionality that is introduced into the naturally occurring biomolecules of a living system, generally through metabolic or protein engineering. These functional groups are subsequently utilized for tagging and visualizing biomolecules. Jen... | Bioorthogonal chemical reporter | 0.798349 |
87,606 | James Andrew McCammon (born 1947, Lafayette, Indiana, US) is an American physical chemist known for his application of principles and methods from theoretical and computational chemistry to biological systems. A professor at the University of California, San Diego, McCammon's research focuses on the theoretical aspects... | J. Andrew McCammon | 0.798349 |
87,607 | This characterization of Heyting algebras makes the proof of the basic facts concerning the relationship between intuitionist propositional calculus and Heyting algebras immediate. (For these facts, see the sections "Provable identities" and "Universal constructions".) One should think of the element ⊤ {\displaystyle \... | Relative pseudo-complement | 0.798349 |
87,608 | EESTEC has an annual meeting with approximately 110-150 Electrical Engineering and Computer Science students representing their local EESTEC group. It's the most important event in the year. Its main purpose is the discussion of current internal and external affairs, as well as the goals and plans for the upcoming year... | Electrical Engineering Students' European Association | 0.798349 |
87,609 | These models have evolved from earlier statistical models, which were based on certain assumptions about probability distributions that often proved to be overly restrictive. The emergence of data-driven models in the 1950s and 1960s coincided with the development of digital computers, advancements in artificial intell... | Data-driven model | 0.798349 |
87,610 | PCV and total protein are usually both increased due to fluid loss, and the horse displays a prerenal azotemia. On the chemistry panel, liver enzymes such as GGT, ALP, AST are increased, likely due to ascending infection from the common bile duct, endotoxin absorption, and hypoperfusion. A metabolic acidosis with a hig... | Equine proximal enteritis | 0.798349 |
87,611 | Several analyses can be used during the initial data analysis phase: Univariate statistics (single variable) Bivariate associations (correlations) Graphical techniques (scatter plots)It is important to take the measurement levels of the variables into account for the analyses, as special statistical techniques are avai... | Data Interpretation | 0.798349 |
87,612 | Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Airbus A340, Airbus A380, and Boeing 747 four-engine wide-body aircraft are used to test new generations of aircraft engines in flight. | Jumbo Jet | 0.798348 |
87,613 | Either the true value is or is not within the given interval. However, it is true that, before any data are sampled and given a plan for how to construct the confidence interval, the probability is 95% that the yet-to-be-calculated interval will cover the true value: at this point, the limits of the interval are yet-to... | Statistical Sciences | 0.798347 |
87,614 | In Metal Gear Solid (1998) the protagonist got nanomachines to supply and administer adrenalin, nutrients, sugar, nootropics, and benzedrine and to recharge a Codec's battery. The protagonist of Metal Gear Solid 2 (2001) had artificial blood infused with nanomachine that served functions such as healing. Metal Gear Sol... | Nanotechnology in fiction | 0.798347 |
87,615 | As with Cu, the field of Zn isotope biogeochemistry is still in a relatively early stage, so the Zn isotope compositions of materials in the environment are not well-documented. However, based on a compilation of some reported measurements, it appears that Zn isotope ratios do not vary widely among environmental materi... | Trace metal stable isotope biogeochemistry | 0.798346 |
87,616 | In their paper, the scientists refrained from calling flerovium's chemical properties "close to those of noble gases", as had previously been done in the 2008 study. Flerovium's volatility was again measured through interactions with a gold surface, and provided indications that the volatility of flerovium was comparab... | Flerovium | 0.798346 |
87,617 | Relativistic mass and rest mass are both traditional concepts in physics, but the relativistic mass corresponds to the total energy. The relativistic mass is the mass of the system as it would be measured on a scale, but in some cases (such as the box above) this fact remains true only because the system on average mus... | Mass in special relativity | 0.798346 |
87,618 | Principles of Biology is a college level biology electronic textbook published by Nature Publishing in 2011. The book is not a digitally reformatted version of a paper book. The book, the first in a projected series, is Nature Publishing's first foray into textbook publishing. | Principles of Biology | 0.798346 |
87,619 | In algebraic geometry, the theorem of absolute (cohomological) purity is an important theorem in the theory of étale cohomology. It states: given a regular scheme X over some base scheme, i: Z → X {\displaystyle i:Z\to X} a closed immersion of a regular scheme of pure codimension r, an integer n that is invertible on t... | Theorem of absolute purity | 0.798345 |
87,620 | He defended dissertation "Nuclear-cascade process and EAS" for Doctor of Sciences degree in 1954 and became professor in 1958. In the 1960s Zatsepin predicted Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin limit. In the same period he begin research of muons and neutrinos laying foundations of neutrino astronomy and neutrino astrophysics. | Georgy Zatsepin | 0.798345 |
87,621 | For the simplest single bond, found in the H2 molecule, molecular orbitals can always be written in terms of two functions χiA and χiB (which are atomic orbitals with small corrections) located at the two nuclei A and B: φ i = N i ( χ i A ± χ i B ) , {\displaystyle \varphi _{i}=N_{i}(\chi _{iA}\pm \chi _{iB}),} where N... | Multi-configurational self-consistent field | 0.798345 |
87,622 | The domesticated strawberry is a hybrid of a Chilean and a North American species, developed by breeding in Europe and North America. Two major crops, pecans and Concord grapes, were used extensively in prehistoric times but do not appear to have been domesticated until the 19th century.The indigenous people in what is... | History of agriculture | 0.798345 |
87,623 | CQUPT has 15 schools and institutes with the Chongqing International Institute of Semiconductors established in 2010. School of Communications and Information Engineering Communication Engineering Telecommunication Engineering Information Engineering Radio and Television Engineering School of Computer Science and Techn... | Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications | 0.798344 |
87,624 | Mahta Moghaddam is an Iranian-American electrical and computer engineer and William M. Hogue Professor of Electrical Engineering in the Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering. Moghaddam is also the president of the IEEE Antenna... | Mahta Moghaddam | 0.798344 |
87,625 | The LessWrong forum was created in 2009 by artificial intelligence theorist Eliezer Yudkowsky. Yudkowsky had popularized the concept of friendly artificial intelligence, and originated the theories of coherent extrapolated volition (CEV) and timeless decision theory (TDT) in papers published in his own Machine Intellig... | Roko's basilisk | 0.798344 |
87,626 | Two heavier isotopes of moscovium, 289Mc and 290Mc, were discovered in 2009–2010 as daughters of the tennessine isotopes 293Ts and 294Ts; the isotope 289Mc was later also synthesized directly and confirmed to have the same properties as found in the tennessine experiments.In 2011, the Joint Working Party of internation... | Element 115 | 0.798344 |
87,627 | The debates between Bohr and Einstein essentially concluded in 1935, when Einstein finally expressed what is widely considered his best argument for the incompleteness of quantum mechanics. Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen had proposed their definition of a "complete" description as one that uniquely determines the values... | Hidden variable theory | 0.798343 |
87,628 | In logic, Hilbert's epsilon calculus is an extension of a formal language by the epsilon operator, where the epsilon operator substitutes for quantifiers in that language as a method leading to a proof of consistency for the extended formal language. The epsilon operator and epsilon substitution method are typically ap... | Epsilon calculus | 0.798343 |
87,629 | Computronium is a material hypothesized by Norman Margolus and Tommaso Toffoli of MIT in 1991 to be used as "programmable matter", a substrate for computer modeling of virtually any real object.It also refers to an arrangement of matter that is the best possible form of computing device for that amount of matter. In th... | Computronium | 0.798343 |
87,630 | In game theory, the purification theorem was contributed by Nobel laureate John Harsanyi in 1973. The theorem aims to justify a puzzling aspect of mixed strategy Nash equilibria: that each player is wholly indifferent amongst each of the actions he puts non-zero weight on, yet he mixes them so as to make every other pl... | Purification theorem | 0.798343 |
87,631 | Zend OPcache is an open source component of Zend Server and Zend Server Community Edition bundled with the PHP language itself. Zend OPcache speeds up PHP execution by opcode caching and optimization. It stores precompiled script bytecode in shared memory. As of version 7.0 it can store precompiled script bytecode on d... | Alternative PHP Cache | 0.798343 |
87,632 | An extension of the above concept of Koszul duality was formulated by Ginzburg and Kapranov who introduced the notion of a quadratic operad and defined the quadratic dual of such an operad. Very roughly, an operad is an algebraic structure consisting of an object of n-ary operations for all n. An algebra over an operad... | Koszul duality | 0.798342 |
87,633 | His professional views have been quoted in various news media, including the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Associated Press, the USA Today, the Christian Science Monitor, the New Scientist and the U.S. News & World Report. He also contributed multiple articles to the World Economic Forum.He is the author or ... | Wei Shyy | 0.798342 |
87,634 | The selection rule m′ = q + m in the Clebsch–Gordan coefficient means that many of the integrals vanish, so we have exaggerated the total number of integrals that need to be done. But had we worked with the Cartesian components ri of r, this selection rule might not have been obvious. In any case, even with the selecti... | Tensor operator | 0.798342 |
87,635 | ( Φ {\displaystyle \Phi } is preserved in substructures for models of T {\displaystyle T} ) Φ {\displaystyle \Phi } is equivalent modulo T {\displaystyle T} to a set Ψ ( x ¯ ) {\displaystyle \Psi ({\bar {x}})} of ∀ 1 {\displaystyle \forall _{1}} formulas of L {\displaystyle L} .A formula is ∀ 1 {\displaystyle \forall _... | Łoś–Tarski preservation theorem | 0.798342 |
87,636 | A group scheme G over a scheme S is called reductive if the morphism G → S is smooth and affine, and every geometric fiber G k ¯ {\displaystyle G_{\overline {k}}} is reductive. (For a point p in S, the corresponding geometric fiber means the base change of G to an algebraic closure k ¯ {\displaystyle {\overline {k}}} o... | Reductive group | 0.798342 |
87,637 | Phycocyanin can be used in many practices, it is particularly used medicine and foods applications. It can also be used in genetics, where it acts a tracer due to its natural fluorescence. | Phycocyanin | 0.798342 |
87,638 | Dinoflagellates are mainly represented as fossils by fossil dinocysts, which have a long geological record with lowest occurrences during the mid-Triassic, whilst geochemical markers suggest a presence to the Early Cambrian.Some evidence indicates dinosteroids in many Paleozoic and Precambrian rocks might be the produc... | Protists in the fossil record | 0.798342 |
87,639 | Cassels, J. W. S.; Fröhlich, Albrecht, eds. (2010) , Algebraic number theory (2nd ed. ), London: 9780950273426, MR 0215665 Fröhlich, Albrecht; Taylor, Martin J. (1993), Algebraic number theory, Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics, vol. | Algebraic Number Theory | 0.798342 |
87,640 | The cycle index of the group S3 acting on the set of three edges is Z G ( t 1 , t 2 , t 3 ) = 1 6 ( t 1 3 + 3 t 1 t 2 + 2 t 3 ) {\displaystyle Z_{G}(t_{1},t_{2},t_{3})={\frac {1}{6}}\left(t_{1}^{3}+3t_{1}t_{2}+2t_{3}\right)} (obtained by inspecting the cycle structure of the action of the group elements; see here). Thu... | Pólya enumeration theorem | 0.798342 |
87,641 | Natural language processing is the subject of continuous research and technological improvement. Tokenization presents many challenges in extracting the necessary information from documents for indexing to support quality searching. Tokenization for indexing involves multiple technologies, the implementation of which a... | Search engine indexing | 0.798342 |
87,642 | A lengthy model archive has the best chance of capturing such events. From the 1970s and into the 1980s, this requirement was not very onerous since EMC (then NMC) scientists, being relatively constrained by computational resources at the time, could only make relatively minor, incremental improvements to their NWP mod... | Model output statistics | 0.798342 |
87,643 | Sodium tellurite improves the corrosion resistance of electroplated nickel layers. Solutions of sodium tellurite are used for black or blue-black coatings on iron, steel, aluminum, and copper. In microbiology, sodium tellurite can be added to the growth medium to isolate bacteria with an inherent physiological resistan... | Sodium tellurite | 0.798341 |
87,644 | 249) and Remark 2 (p. 250)), and (de la Rue 1993, Theorem 4-3). See also (Kechris 1995, Sect. | Standard probability space | 0.798341 |
87,645 | Bunatyan developed mathematical approaches to tasks involving neutron propagation and thermalisation.In another team of Bogolyubov's, with Dmitry Zubarev and Yuri Tserkovnikov, he investigated magnetic thermonuclear reactor design, studied the behaviour and stability of plasma contained in a magnetic field and the inte... | Valentin Klimov | 0.798341 |
87,646 | In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-5-3 hexagonal honeycomb or 6,5,3 honeycomb a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb). Each infinite cell consists of an order-5 hexagonal tiling whose vertices lie on a 2-hypercycle, each of which has a limiting circle on the ideal sphere. The Schläfli symbol o... | Order-5-3 hexagonal honeycomb | 0.798341 |
87,647 | SUT promotes the further understanding of the underwater environment and encourages, for example: Cross-fertilisation and dissemination of ideas, experience and information between workers in academic research, applied research, technology, industry and government. Development of techniques and tools to explore, study ... | Society for Underwater Technology | 0.79834 |
87,648 | In computer science, dancing links (DLX) is a technique for adding and deleting a node from a circular doubly linked list. It is particularly useful for efficiently implementing backtracking algorithms, such as Knuth's Algorithm X for the exact cover problem. Algorithm X is a recursive, nondeterministic, depth-first, b... | Dancing links | 0.79834 |
87,649 | In classical mathematics, characteristic functions of sets only take values 1 (members) or 0 (non-members). In fuzzy set theory, characteristic functions are generalized to take value in the real unit interval , or more generally, in some algebra or structure (usually required to be at least a poset or lattice). Such g... | Indicator random variable | 0.79834 |
87,650 | The chromosomes presented above are well suited for processing tasks of continuous, mixed-integer, pure-integer or combinatorial optimization. For a combination of these optimization areas, on the other hand, it becomes increasingly difficult to map them to simple strings of values, depending on the task. The following... | Chromosome (genetic algorithm) | 0.79834 |
87,651 | The skeletal formula, or line-angle formula or shorthand formula, of an organic compound is a type of molecular structural formula that serves as a shorthand representation of a molecule's bonding and some details of its molecular geometry. A skeletal formula shows the skeletal structure or skeleton of a molecule, whic... | Pseudoelement symbol | 0.798339 |
87,652 | Petersburg paradox.In microbiology, the rapidly growing exponential growth phase of a cell culture is sometimes called logarithmic growth. During this bacterial growth phase, the number of new cells appearing is proportional to the population. This terminological confusion between logarithmic growth and exponential gro... | Logarithmic growth | 0.798339 |
87,653 | He did his graduate studies at Columbia University, receiving his Ph.D. in 1984 under the joint supervision of Troels Jørgensen and Mikhael Gromov. His thesis title is Jung's Theorem in Complex Projective Geometry. He moved to Bar-Ilan University in 1999, after previously holding positions at the University of Maryland... | Mikhail Katz | 0.798339 |
87,654 | The roots of logic synthesis can be traced to the treatment of logic by George Boole (1815 to 1864), in what is now termed Boolean algebra. In 1938, Claude Shannon showed that the two-valued Boolean algebra can describe the operation of switching circuits. In the early days, logic design involved manipulating the truth... | List of commercial tools for logic synthesis | 0.798339 |
87,655 | In cosmology, flatness is a property of a space without curvature. Such a space is called a "flat space" or Euclidean space. Whether the universe is “flat″ could determine its ultimate fate; whether it will expand forever, or ultimately collapse back into itself. The geometry of spacetime has been measured by the Wilki... | Flatness (Cosmology) | 0.798339 |
87,656 | In chemistry, reactivity is the impulse for which a chemical substance undergoes a chemical reaction, either by itself or with other materials, with an overall release of energy. Reactivity refers to: the chemical reactions of a single substance, the chemical reactions of two or more substances that interact with each ... | Chemically reactive | 0.798338 |
87,657 | It says that some algorithms and artificial intelligence technologies discriminate by race and gender statuses in domains such as housing, career opportunities, healthcare, credit, education, and legalities. Buolamwini and her colleagues were later asked to testify in front of the US Congress about artificial intellige... | Coded Bias | 0.798338 |
87,658 | He then carved the basic rules for multiplication into the bridge: i2 = j2 = k2 = ijk = −1Hamilton called a quadruple with these rules of multiplication a quaternion, and he devoted the remainder of his life to studying and teaching them. From 1844 to 1850 Philosophical Magazine communicated Hamilton's exposition of qu... | History of quaternions | 0.798338 |
87,659 | In population genetics, gene flow (also known as migration and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another. If the rate of gene flow is high enough, then two populations will have equivalent allele frequencies and therefore can be considered a single effective population. It has been... | Genetic exchange | 0.798338 |
87,660 | The Doctor of Philosophy degree provides research-oriented graduate study and professional specialization in the computing and information sciences. The program prepares students for advanced work in teaching and in conducting significant research.PhD programs are offered in the following fields: Computer Science Compu... | University of Pittsburgh School of Computing and Information | 0.798338 |
87,661 | In organic chemistry, Möbius aromaticity is a special type of aromaticity believed to exist in a number of organic molecules. In terms of molecular orbital theory these compounds have in common a monocyclic array of molecular orbitals in which there is an odd number of out-of-phase overlaps, the opposite pattern compar... | Möbius aromaticity | 0.798337 |
87,662 | Water pressure acting in the pore spaces, fractures or other discontinuities in the materials that make up the pit slope will reduce the strength of those materials. Choice of correct analysis technique depends on both site conditions and the potential mode of failure, with careful consideration being given to the vary... | Slope stability analysis | 0.798337 |
87,663 | Although density functional theory has its roots in the Thomas–Fermi model for the electronic structure of materials, DFT was first put on a firm theoretical footing by Walter Kohn and Pierre Hohenberg in the framework of the two Hohenberg–Kohn theorems (HK). The original HK theorems held only for non-degenerate ground... | Density Functional Theory | 0.798337 |
87,664 | On July 22, 2020, Autodesk announced that it would acquire Pype, a Bengaluru-based provider of cloud-based solutions for automating construction project management workflows. In November 2020, Autodesk announced that it would acquire Spacemaker, a cloud-based platform that uses artificial intelligence (AI) and generati... | Autodesk Dynamo | 0.798337 |
87,665 | The Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits or GIANT consortium is an international collaboration of human genetics researchers dedicated to studying the genetic architecture of anthropometric traits such as human height and body mass index. The consortium is led by Joel Hirschhorn. | GIANT consortium | 0.798337 |
87,666 | Magnetic reconnection is a breakdown of "ideal-magnetohydrodynamics" and so of "Alfvén's theorem" (also called the "frozen-in flux theorem") which applies to large-scale regions of a highly-conducting magnetoplasma, for which the Magnetic Reynolds Number is very large: this makes the convective term in the induction eq... | Magnetic reconnection | 0.798337 |
87,667 | In algebra, the greatest common divisor (frequently abbreviated as GCD) of two polynomials is a polynomial, of the highest possible degree, that is a factor of both the two original polynomials. This concept is analogous to the greatest common divisor of two integers. In the important case of univariate polynomials ove... | Euclid's algorithm for polynomials | 0.798336 |
87,668 | The opposite of trivial is nontrivial, which is commonly used to indicate that an example or a solution is not simple, or that a statement or a theorem is not easy to prove.The judgement of whether a situation under consideration is trivial or not depends on who considers it since the situation is obviously true for so... | Triviality (mathematics) | 0.798336 |
87,669 | In algebraic geometry, a line complex is a 3-fold given by the intersection of the Grassmannian G(2, 4) (embedded in projective space P5 by Plücker coordinates) with a hypersurface. It is called a line complex because points of G(2, 4) correspond to lines in P3, so a line complex can be thought of as a 3-dimensional fa... | Line complex | 0.798335 |
87,670 | In algebra, the S-construction is a construction in algebraic K-theory that produces a model that can be used to define higher K-groups. It is due to Friedhelm Waldhausen and concerns a category with cofibrations and weak equivalences; such a category is called a Waldhausen category and generalizes Quillen's exact cate... | K-theory of a category | 0.798335 |
87,671 | As regards contents, the PTB was dedicated at that time to the so-called New Physics. This included, among other things, research on the newly discovered X-rays, new atomic models, Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, quantum physics (based on the already mentioned work on the black-body radiator), and the investig... | Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt | 0.798335 |
87,672 | Catalan's conjecture (or Mihăilescu's theorem) is a theorem in number theory that was conjectured by the mathematician Eugène Charles Catalan in 1844 and proven in 2002 by Preda Mihăilescu at Paderborn University. The integers 23 and 32 are two perfect powers (that is, powers of exponent higher than one) of natural num... | Pillai's conjecture | 0.798335 |
87,673 | The exterior algebra over the complex numbers is the archetypal example of a superalgebra, which plays a fundamental role in physical theories pertaining to fermions and supersymmetry. A single element of the exterior algebra is called a supernumber or Grassmann number. The exterior algebra itself is then just a one-di... | Exterior Algebra | 0.798335 |
87,674 | K. A. Sitnikov: The existence of oscillatory motions in the three-body problems. In: Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 133/1960, pp. 303–306, ISSN 0002-3264 (English Translation in Soviet Physics. Doklady., 5/1960, S. | Sitnikov problem | 0.798335 |
87,675 | The anion is also an excellent ligand. For example, with Ni(II) sources, it forms 2−. Much of the chemistry of the thiomolybdate results from studies on salts of quaternised organic cations, such as 2 and 2 (Et = C2H5, Ph = C6H5). These organic salts are soluble in polar organic solvents such as acetonitrile and dmf. | (NH4)2MoS4 | 0.798334 |
87,676 | In the following year he joined University of Minnesota as an Assistant Professor of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics. He was named full Professor in 1968. Joseph's interests included stability of fluid flow, irrotational motions of viscous and viscoelastic fluids, and direct numerical simulations of solid–liquid fl... | Daniel D. Joseph | 0.798334 |
87,677 | With respect to the uniform metric, C is both a separable and a complete space: separability is a consequence of the Stone–Weierstrass theorem; completeness is a consequence of the fact that the uniform limit of a sequence of continuous functions is itself continuous.Since it is both separable and complete, C is a Poli... | Classical Wiener space | 0.798334 |
87,678 | One method to correct this feeds back the generated bit stream, filtered by a low-pass filter, to adjust the bias of the generator. By the central limit theorem, the feedback loop will tend to be well-adjusted 'almost all the time'. Ultra-high speed random number generators often use this method. Even then, the numbers... | Quantum random number generator | 0.798334 |
87,679 | This interaction is more studied in the field of human ecology. Considered both as an allogenic and autogenic engineers, humans do not necessarily fit into either category of ecosystem engineers. Humans are able to mimic autogenic effects as well as implement their own allogenic effects. | Ecosystem engineer | 0.798334 |
87,680 | There are four strands to his theory: Hugh Everett's many-worlds interpretation of quantum physics, "the first and most important of the four strands." Karl Popper's epistemology, especially its anti-inductivism and requiring a realist (non-instrumental) interpretation of scientific theories, as well as its emphasis on... | David Deutsch | 0.798334 |
87,681 | 2013 – Derek Pletcher – Professor of electrochemistry with interests in research and consultancy in electrochemical technology University of Southampton. 2015 – David E. Williams – Professor of electrochemistry and chemical sensors at University of Auckland. 2017 – Frank C. Walsh – Professor of electrochemical engineer... | Castner Medal | 0.798334 |
87,682 | In theoretical computer science a simulation is a relation between state transition systems associating systems that behave in the same way in the sense that one system simulates the other. Intuitively, a system simulates another system if it can match all of its moves. The basic definition relates states within one tr... | Simulation (computer science) | 0.798333 |
87,683 | During the early 20th century, two major publications successfully applied the principles developed by Gibbs to chemical processes and thus established the foundation of the science of chemical thermodynamics. The first was the 1923 textbook Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances by Gilbert N. Lewis ... | Chemical energetics | 0.798333 |
87,684 | In statistics, mean absolute error (MAE) is a measure of errors between paired observations expressing the same phenomenon. Examples of Y versus X include comparisons of predicted versus observed, subsequent time versus initial time, and one technique of measurement versus an alternative technique of measurement. MAE i... | Sum of absolute errors | 0.798333 |
87,685 | In quantum mechanics, the Mott problem is a paradox that illustrates some of the difficulties of understanding the nature of wave function collapse and measurement in quantum mechanics. The problem was first formulated in 1929 by Sir Nevill Francis Mott and Werner Heisenberg, illustrating the paradox of the collapse of... | Mott problem | 0.798333 |
87,686 | Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory designed and built the spacecraft, which was launched on 12 August 2018. It became the first NASA spacecraft named after a living person, honoring physicist Eugene Newman Parker, professor emeritus at the University of Chicago.A memory card containing the names of ove... | Parker Solar Probe | 0.798332 |
87,687 | Research interests includes: Arithmetic algebraic geometry (see Glossary of arithmetic and Diophantine geometry). Special values of L-functions. Conjectures of: Bloch Beilinson Deligne Bloch–Kato conjecture (see also List of conjectures). Galois module theory. Motivic cohomology. | Matthias Flach (mathematician) | 0.798332 |
87,688 | Bifocals and trifocals result in a more complex lens profile, compounding multiple surfaces. The main lens is composed of a typical ophthalmic lens. Thus the base curve defines the front surface of the main part of the lens while the back surface geometry is changed to achieve the desired distance power. The "bifocal" ... | Corrective lenses | 0.798332 |
87,689 | The classic example of a script involves the typical sequence of events that occur when a person drinks in a restaurant: finding a seat, reading the menu, ordering drinks from the waitstaff... In the script form, these would be decomposed into conceptual transitions, such as MTRANS and PTRANS, which refer to mental tra... | Script theory | 0.798331 |
87,690 | A student of his, Francis Birch, led a program to apply high-pressure methods to geophysics. Birch extended the Adams-Williamson equation to include the effects of temperature. In 1952, he published a classic paper, Elasticity and constitution of the Earth's interior, in which he established some basic facts: the mantl... | Mineral physics | 0.798331 |
87,691 | The field of cognitive ergonomics emerged predominantly in the 70's with the advent of the personal computer and new developments in the fields of cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence. It studied how human cognitive psychology works hand-in-hand with specific cognitive limitations. This could only be done t... | Cognitive ergonomics | 0.79833 |
87,692 | Pedley has pioneered the application of fluid mechanics to understanding biological phenomena. His best-known work includes the study of blood flow in arteries, flow–structure interactions in elastic tubes, flow and pressure drop in the lung, and the collective behaviour of swimming microorganisms. His research has tou... | Tim Pedley | 0.79833 |
87,693 | The preorder ≤ {\displaystyle \,\leq \,} that is defined below is of fundamental importance for the use of prefilters (and filters) in topology. For instance, this preorder is used to define the prefilter equivalent of "subsequence", where " F ≥ C {\displaystyle {\mathcal {F}}\geq {\mathcal {C}}} " can be interpreted a... | Cluster point of a filter | 0.79833 |
87,694 | The preorder ≤ {\displaystyle \,\leq \,} that is defined below is of fundamental importance for the use of prefilters (and filters) in topology. For instance, this preorder is used to define the prefilter equivalent of "subsequence", where " F ≥ C {\displaystyle {\mathcal {F}}\geq {\mathcal {C}}} " can be interpreted a... | Filter base | 0.79833 |
87,695 | Such inclinometers are, for instance, used for monitoring volcanoes, or for measuring the depth and rate of landslide movement. Measuring movements in walls or the ground in civil engineering projects. Determining the dip of beds or strata, or the slope of an embankment or cutting; a kind of plumb level. | Inclinometer | 0.79833 |
87,696 | There is also a field called imaging which primarily focuses on the process of producing images, but sometimes also deals with the processing and analysis of images. For example, medical imaging includes substantial work on the analysis of image data in medical applications. Finally, pattern recognition is a field that... | Computer vision systems | 0.798329 |
87,697 | Unified Science has been a consistent thread since the 1940s in Howard T. Odum's systems ecology and the associated Emergy Synthesis, modeling the "ecosystem": the geochemical, biochemical, and thermodynamic processes of the lithosphere and biosphere. Modeling such earthly processes in this manner requires a science un... | Unified Science | 0.798329 |
87,698 | MicX sRNA (formerly known as A10) is a small non-coding RNA found in Vibrio cholerae. It was given the name MicX as it has a similar function to MicA, MicC and MicF in E. coli. MicX sRNA negatively regulates an outer membrane protein (coded for by VC0972) and also a component of an ABC transporter (gene VC0620). These ... | MicX sRNA | 0.798329 |
87,699 | Italian physicists Roberto Car and Michele Parrinello invent the Car–Parrinello method. Swendsen–Wang algorithm is invented in the field of Monte Carlo simulations. Fast multipole method is invented by Vladimir Rokhlin and Leslie Greengard (voted one of the top 10 algorithms of the 20th century). Ullli Wolff invents th... | Timeline of computational physics | 0.798329 |
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