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87,800 | The divergence theorem is applied to the advection, pressure gradient, and diffusion terms. where n is the normal of the surface of the control volume and V is the volume. If the control volume is a polyhedron and values are assumed constant over each face, the area integrals can be written as summations over each face... | Discretization of Navier–Stokes equations | 0.79831 |
87,801 | All the polarization information can be reduced to a single vector, called the Jones vector, in the x-y plane. This vector, while arising from a purely classical treatment of polarization, can be interpreted as a quantum state vector. The connection with quantum mechanics is made in the article on photon polarization. | Sinusoidal plane-wave solutions of the electromagnetic wave equation | 0.79831 |
87,802 | Query optimization is a feature of many relational database management systems and other databases such as NoSQL and graph databases. The query optimizer attempts to determine the most efficient way to execute a given query by considering the possible query plans.Generally, the query optimizer cannot be accessed direct... | Query optimization | 0.798309 |
87,803 | Exhaustive enhancement involves scenarios where human moral decision-making is supplanted, left entirely to machines. Some proponents consider machines as being morally superior to humans and that just doing as the machines say would constitute moral improvement.Opponents of exhaustive enhancement list five main concer... | Artificial intelligence and moral enhancement | 0.798309 |
87,804 | / dim V λ {\displaystyle \alpha _{\lambda }=n!/\dim V_{\lambda }} . In particular, this implies that representations of the symmetric group can be defined over the rational numbers; that is, over the rational group algebra Q S n {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} S_{n}} . | Young symmetrizer | 0.798309 |
87,805 | In mathematics, conformal geometry is the study of the set of angle-preserving (conformal) transformations on a space. In a real two dimensional space, conformal geometry is precisely the geometry of Riemann surfaces. In space higher than two dimensions, conformal geometry may refer either to the study of conformal tra... | Conformal manifold | 0.798309 |
87,806 | K. Christopher Garcia is an American scientist known for his research on the molecular and structural biology of cell surface receptors. Garcia is a professor in the Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology and Structural Biology at the Stanford University School of Medicine, an Investigator of the Howard Hughe... | K. Christopher Garcia | 0.798309 |
87,807 | Suppose M is a compact two-dimensional Riemannian manifold with boundary ∂M. Let K be the Gaussian curvature of M, and let kg be the geodesic curvature of ∂M. Then ∫ M K d A + ∫ ∂ M k g d s = 2 π χ ( M ) , {\displaystyle \int _{M}K\,dA+\int _{\partial M}k_{g}\,ds=2\pi \chi (M),\,} where dA is the element of area of the... | Gauss–Bonnet formula | 0.798308 |
87,808 | Peter Atkins & Julio de Paula, 2006, "Physical chemistry," 8th Edn., New York, NY, USA:Macmillan, ISBN 0716787598, accessed 21 June 2015. Thomas H. Lowry & Kathleen Schueller Richardson, 1987, Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry, 3rd Edn., New York, NY, USA:Harper & Row, ISBN 0060440848, accessed 20 June 2015. Er... | Physical organic | 0.798308 |
87,809 | Similar research indicates that non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases are also accompanied by a low respiratory quotient value, and the non protein respiratory quotient value was a good indication of disease severity.Recently the respiratory quotient is also used from aquatic scientists to illuminate its environmental app... | Respiratory quotient | 0.798307 |
87,810 | Bohm noted that, although the hologram conveys undivided wholeness, it is nevertheless static. In this view of order, laws represent invariant relationships between explicate entities and structures, and thus Bohm maintained that, in physics, the explicate order generally reveals itself within well-constructed experime... | Explicate order | 0.798306 |
87,811 | However, the gravitational and electromagnetic explanation for this acceleration is detailed in an earlier paper by 1970 Nobel laureate in Physics, Hannes Alfvén.The STEREO mission was launched in 2006 to study coronal mass ejections and the solar corona, using stereoscopy from two widely separated imaging systems. Eac... | Atmospheric stripping | 0.798306 |
87,812 | In statistics, an approximate entropy (ApEn) is a technique used to quantify the amount of regularity and the unpredictability of fluctuations over time-series data. For example, consider two series of data: Series A: (0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, ...), which alternates 0 and 1.Series B: (0, 1, 0, 0,... | Approximate entropy | 0.798306 |
87,813 | By the end of the 18th century, an ellipsoid of revolution (the term spheroid is also used) was a well-accepted approximation to the figure of the Earth. The adjustment of triangulation networks entailed reducing all the measurements to a reference ellipsoid and solving the resulting two-dimensional problem as an exerc... | Geodesics on a triaxial ellipsoid | 0.798306 |
87,814 | Let A be a Lebesgue-measurable set on the real line such that the Lebesgue measure of A is not zero. Then the difference set A − A = { a − b ∣ a , b ∈ A } {\displaystyle A-A=\{a-b\mid a,b\in A\}} contains an open neighbourhood of the origin. The general version of the theorem, first proved by André Weil, states that if... | Steinhaus theorem | 0.798306 |
87,815 | In computer graphics and computer vision, image-based modeling and rendering (IBMR) methods rely on a set of two-dimensional images of a scene to generate a three-dimensional model and then render some novel views of this scene. The traditional approach of computer graphics has been used to create a geometric model in ... | Image-based rendering | 0.798306 |
87,816 | The words "paracrystallinity" and "paracrystal" were coined by the late Friedrich Rinne in the year 1933. Their German equivalents, e.g. "Parakristall", appeared in print one year earlier. A general theory of paracrystals has been formulated in a basic textbook, and then further developed/refined by various authors. Ro... | Paracrystallinity | 0.798306 |
87,817 | In 1970, E. F. Codd proposed the relational data model, now widely accepted as the standard data model. At that time, office automation was the major use of data storage systems, which resulted in the proposal of many NF2 data models like the Schek model, Jaeschke models (non-recursive and recursive algebra), and the N... | Unnormalized form | 0.798306 |
87,818 | In geometric topology especially, one considers the quotient group obtained by quotienting out by isotopy, called the mapping class group: M C G ( X ) = H o m e o ( X ) / H o m e o 0 ( X ) {\displaystyle {\rm {MCG}}(X)={\rm {Homeo}}(X)/{\rm {Homeo}}_{0}(X)} The MCG can also be interpreted as the 0th homotopy group, M C... | Homeomorphism group | 0.798306 |
87,819 | Dental erosion is the dissolution of the tooth’s hard structures (enamel, dentin & cementum) by exposure to acids not caused by bacteria. In the case of individuals fed by gastric tube, acid may enter the oral cavity through reflux of gastric contents. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) affects up to 67% of children and you... | Enteral formula | 0.798305 |
87,820 | Mindlin remained an assistant for another two years, at which point he was elevated to instructor in civil engineering, and only in 1940 did he receive promotion to assistant professor. In 1942 Mindlin was co-opted by the Applied Physics Laboratory in Silver Spring, Maryland, an institution engaged in naval ordnance wo... | Raymond D. Mindlin | 0.798305 |
87,821 | The Hoffman–Singleton theorem states that any Moore graph with girth 5 must have degree 2, 3, 7, or 57. The Moore graphs are: The complete graphs Kn on n > 2 nodes (diameter 1, girth 3, degree n − 1, order n) The odd cycles C2n+1 (diameter n, girth 2n + 1, degree 2, order 2n + 1) The Petersen graph (diameter 2, girth 5... | Moore graph | 0.798305 |
87,822 | Many fundamental laws of physics and chemistry can be formulated as differential equations. In biology and economics, differential equations are used to model the behavior of complex systems. The mathematical theory of differential equations first developed together with the sciences where the equations had originated ... | Second order equation | 0.798305 |
87,823 | Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer (RDMS): To obtain the RDMS credential, applicants must meet the required prerequisites and must pass two examinations — the Sonography Principles and Instrumentation (SPI) examination, which tests basic physical principles and instrumentation knowledge, and one specialty examin... | American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography | 0.798305 |
87,824 | NETtalk was created to explore the mechanisms of learning to correctly pronounce English text. The authors note that learning to read involves a complex mechanism involving many parts of the human brain. NETtalk does not specifically model the image processing stages and letter recognition of the visual cortex. Rather,... | NETtalk (artificial neural network) | 0.798305 |
87,825 | In June 2016, Satya Nadella, the CEO of Microsoft Corporation, had an interview with the Slate magazine and reflected on what kinds of principles and goals should be considered by industry and society when discussing artificial intelligences: "A.I. must be designed to assist humanity", meaning human autonomy needs to b... | Laws of robotics | 0.798304 |
87,826 | In the 20th century, the ancient interest in types of arguments was revived in several academic disciplines, including education, artificial intelligence, legal philosophy, and discourse analysis.The study of this ancient subject is mostly carried out today in the field of study called argumentation theory under the na... | Argument scheme | 0.798304 |
87,827 | The Neuroscience Information Framework (NIF) enables discovery and access to public research data and tools worldwide through an open-source, networked environment. Funded by the NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research , the NIF allows scientists and students to discover global neuroscience web resources that cut acros... | NeuroLex | 0.798304 |
87,828 | The disadvantages include higher costs, limited contact between the referrer and the reporting Clinician, and the inability to cover for procedures requiring an onsite reporting Clinician. Laws and regulations concerning the use of teleradiology vary among the states, with some requiring a license to practice medicine ... | Radiologic test | 0.798304 |
87,829 | In the Discourse on Comets Galileo argued positions different to those in some of his other works. Smoothness of heavenly bodies: The standard cosmology of Galileo's time, based on Aristotle's Physics, held that the stars and planets were perfectly smooth. Galileo had upset this view by proving that the Moon had mounta... | Discourse on Comets | 0.798303 |
87,830 | By the Leibniz formula, det ( V ) {\displaystyle \det(V)} is a polynomial in the x i {\displaystyle x_{i}} , with integer coefficients. All entries of the i {\displaystyle i} th column (zero-based) have total degree i {\displaystyle i} . Thus, again by the Leibniz formula, all terms of the determinant have total degree... | Vandermonde matrix | 0.798303 |
87,831 | Pauli, W. (1945). "Exclusion principle and quantum mechanics" (PDF). | Relativistic quantum mechanics | 0.798303 |
87,832 | At higher energies W bosons and Z bosons can be created easily and the unified nature of the force becomes apparent. While the strong and electroweak forces coexist under the Standard Model of particle physics, they remain distinct. Thus, the pursuit of a theory of everything remained unsuccessful: neither a unificatio... | Theories of everything | 0.798303 |
87,833 | In general, confounding can be controlled by adjustment if and only if there is a set of observed covariates that satisfies the Back-Door condition. Moreover, if Z is such a set, then the adjustment formula of Eq. (3) is valid. Pearl's do-calculus provides all possible conditions under which P ( y ∣ do ( x ) ) {\displa... | Confounding variables | 0.798303 |
87,834 | But the next day, Woodward flew into Corey's office as he and a colleague were leaving for lunch and presented Corey's idea as his own – and then left. Corey was stunned. In a 2004 rebuttal published in the Angewandte Chemie, Roald Hoffmann denied the claim: he quotes Woodward from a lecture given in 1966 saying: "I RE... | Symmetry forbidden | 0.798303 |
87,835 | Originates from Machine Translation Research Group of Computer Science Department, Harbin Institute of Technology, which was started Li in 1985. It is one of the earliest institutions engaged in MT research in China, featured by its investigations into Chinese-English machine translation. It is now running under the Re... | Li Sheng (computer scientist) | 0.798303 |
87,836 | Askold Georgievich Khovanskii (Russian: Аскольд Георгиевич Хованский; born 3 June 1947, Moscow) is a Russian and Canadian mathematician currently a professor of mathematics at the University of Toronto, Canada. His areas of research are algebraic geometry, commutative algebra, singularity theory, differential geometry ... | Askold Khovanskii | 0.798302 |
87,837 | There is nothing inherent in Reynolds averaging to preclude this, but the turbulence models used to close the equations are valid only as long as the time over which these changes in the mean occur is large compared to the time scales of the turbulent motion containing most of the energy. RANS models can be divided int... | Computer simulations of fluids | 0.798302 |
87,838 | In 1966 he became the Eugene Higgins professor of physics at Harvard. Schwinger developed an affinity for Green's functions from his radar work, and he used these methods to formulate quantum field theory in terms of local Green's functions in a relativistically invariant way. This allowed him to calculate unambiguousl... | Julian Schwinger | 0.798302 |
87,839 | Geometry and Imagination. American Mathematical Society. ISBN 978-0-8218-1998-2. | David Hilbert | 0.798302 |
87,840 | In mathematics and theoretical computer science, a semiautomaton is a deterministic finite automaton having inputs but no output. It consists of a set Q of states, a set Σ called the input alphabet, and a function T: Q × Σ → Q called the transition function. Associated with any semiautomaton is a monoid called the char... | Semiautomaton | 0.798301 |
87,841 | It is a postulate of quantum mechanics that vectors in Hilbert space that are scalar nonzero multiples of each other represent the same pure state. A ray belonging to the vector Ψ ∈ H ∖ { 0 } {\displaystyle \Psi \in H\setminus \{0\}} is the complex line through the origin Ψ _ = { λ Ψ: λ ∈ C } {\displaystyle {\underline... | Wigner's Theorem | 0.798301 |
87,842 | The Active Directory database is organized in partitions, each holding specific object types and following a particular replication pattern. Microsoft often refers to these partitions as 'naming contexts. The 'Schema' partition defines object classes and attributes within the forest. The 'Configuration' partition conta... | NT Directory Service | 0.798301 |
87,843 | Two broad divisions in the application of Finite Element Analysis method for sheet metal forming can be identified as Inverse One-step and Incremental. Inverse One-step methods compute the deformation potential of a finished part geometry to the flattened blank. Mesh initially with the shape and material characteristic... | Sheet metal forming simulation | 0.798301 |
87,844 | Yaglom continues with his Galilean study to the inversive Galilean plane by including a special line at infinity and showing the topology with a stereographic projection. The Conclusion of the book delves into the Minkowskian geometry of hyperbolas in the plane, including the nine-point hyperbola. Yaglom also covers th... | Isaak Yaglom | 0.798301 |
87,845 | Though many genes have simple structures, as with much of biology, others can be quite complex or represent unusual edge-cases. Eukaryotic genes often have introns are often much larger than their exons, and those introns can even have other genes nested inside them. Associated enhancers may be many kilobase away, or e... | Number of genes | 0.7983 |
87,846 | Department of Developmental Genetics (Bernhard Herrmann) Department of Genome Regulation (Alexander Meissner) Genome Regulation Group (Alexander Meissner) Stem Cell Chromatin Group (Aydan Bulut-Karslioglu) Lab for Human Brain & Neural Stem Cell Studies (Yechiel Elkabetz) Precision Gene Control group (Denes Hnisz) Cellu... | Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics | 0.7983 |
87,847 | In geology and sedimentology, connate fluids are liquids that were trapped in the pores of sedimentary rocks as they were deposited. These liquids are largely composed of water, but also contain many mineral components as ions in solution. As rocks are buried, they undergo lithification and the connate fluids are usual... | Connate fluids | 0.7983 |
87,848 | Power conditioning is modifying the power to improve its quality. An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) can be used to switch off of mains power if there is a transient (temporary) condition on the line. However, cheaper UPS units create poor-quality power themselves, akin to imposing a higher-frequency and lower-ampli... | Electric power quality | 0.7983 |
87,849 | Geodesic domes such as those whose architecture Buckminster Fuller pioneered are often based on this structure. It also corresponds to the geometry of the fullerene C60 ("buckyball") molecule. It is used in the cell-transitive hyperbolic space-filling tessellation, the bitruncated order-5 dodecahedral honeycomb. | Spherical truncated icosahedron | 0.7983 |
87,850 | Keller's reagent can refer to either of two different mixtures of acids. In metallurgy, Keller's reagent is a mixture of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and hydrofluoric acid, used to etch aluminum alloys to reveal their grain boundaries and orientations. It is also sometimes called Dix–Keller reagent, after E. H. Dix,... | Keller's reagent | 0.7983 |
87,851 | In general, the more productive aquifers occur in sedimentary geologic formations. By comparison, weathered and fractured crystalline rocks yield smaller quantities of groundwater in many environments. Unconsolidated to poorly cemented alluvial materials that have accumulated as valley-filling sediments in major river ... | Pore water | 0.798299 |
87,852 | In molecular biology, multicopper oxidases are enzymes which oxidise their substrate by accepting electrons at a mononuclear copper centre and transferring them to a trinuclear copper centre; dioxygen binds to the trinuclear centre and, following the transfer of four electrons, is reduced to two molecules of water. The... | Multicopper oxidase | 0.798299 |
87,853 | Some more advanced filters, particularly anti-spam filters, use statistical document classification techniques such as the naive Bayes classifier while others use natural language processing to organize incoming emails. Image filtering can use complex image-analysis algorithms to detect skin-tones and specific body sha... | Mail filter | 0.798298 |
87,854 | (2005). Multigraph modeling. Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online. | Harry J. Khamis | 0.798298 |
87,855 | The ferrocenium cation is often abbreviated Fc+ or Cp2Fe+. The salt is deep blue in color and paramagnetic. Ferrocenium salts are sometimes used as one-electron oxidizing agents, and the reduced product, ferrocene, is inert and readily separated from ionic products. The ferrocene–ferrocenium couple is often used as a r... | Ferrocenium tetrafluoroborate | 0.798298 |
87,856 | Both GLOBEC and IMBER board members held meetings in the UK and the US to confer the plan.Central to the IMBeR goal is the development of a predictive understanding of how marine biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems respond to complex forcing, such as large-scale climatic variations, changing physical dynamics, carbon ... | IMBER | 0.798298 |
87,857 | Logic gates have been made out of DNA (see DNA nanotechnology) and used to create a computer called MAYA (see MAYA-II). Logic gates can be made from quantum mechanical effects, see quantum logic gate. Photonic logic gates use nonlinear optical effects. In principle any method that leads to a gate that is functionally c... | Universal logic gate | 0.798298 |
87,858 | Starting in 2003, Scoles returned part-time to Italy, taking appointments at the Trieste Synchrotron Elettra and the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), In SISSA he joined the Condensed Matter group where he began collaborating on theoretical problems dealing with helium nanodroplets and with physisorpti... | Giacinto Scoles | 0.798298 |
87,859 | UFCG maintains a campus in Cajazeiras, the largest city in the backlands of Paraíba, focused on teacher training. The BINGO project includes the construction of a science museum dedicated to astronomy in the backlands, where the control room for the radio telescope will also be installed. This museum will play a centra... | BINGO (telescope) | 0.798298 |
87,860 | The 16th Thailand Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Conference. 26–27 October 2006 at Rama Garden Hotel, Bangkok. Host: Department of Chemical Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok. | Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry | 0.798298 |
87,861 | The Civil and Environmental Engineering department at Stanford University provides the following description for their program in Environmental Engineering and Science: The Environmental Engineering and Science (EES) program focuses on the chemical and biological processes involved in water quality engineering, water a... | Environmental engineering science | 0.798298 |
87,862 | Features transparent handling of arrays, dictionaries and dictionaries of arrays; numerical computation with uncertainty propagation of splines, matrix operations, differential equations, integrals, power series and equations. Not trivial to install on Windows, a compiled binary is provided here. The laffers.net propag... | List of uncertainty propagation software | 0.798298 |
87,863 | When combined with encryption and digital signatures, digital certificates provide individuals and organizations with a means of privately sharing information so that each party is confident that the individual or organization with which they are communicating is in fact who it claims to be. Hand Geometry Authenticatio... | E-commerce identification and identification types | 0.798297 |
87,864 | They believed that languages should be analysed based on how native speakers feel is right. How to translate this idea into a scientific statement remained a vexing issue in American linguistics for decades. Harris and Rulon Wells justified analyzing the object as part of the verb phrase per 'economy'; but this term, a... | Syntactic Structures | 0.798297 |
87,865 | The cause of the light terrain's disrupted geology is not fully known, but was likely the result of tectonic activity due to tidal heating. Ganymede orbits Jupiter in roughly seven days and is in a 1:2:4 orbital resonance with the moons Europa and Io, respectively. Possessing a metallic core, it has the lowest moment o... | Ganymede (moon) | 0.798297 |
87,866 | A smart fixture is an advanced test fixture which combines a fixture with sensors to collect data and provide feedback. They are a subset of cyber-physical systems. Sensors and/or instrumentation embedded in the fixture are connected to a programmable logic controller or computer which apply algorithms to determine if ... | Smart fixture | 0.798296 |
87,867 | His method anticipated that of the Dedekind cut in the modern definition of real numbers by Richard Dedekind (1831–1916).In the Posterior Analytics, Aristotle (384–322 BC) laid down the axiomatic method for organizing a field of knowledge logically by means of primitive concepts, axioms, postulates, definitions, and th... | Foundation of mathematics | 0.798296 |
87,868 | An approach to model morphogenesis in computer science or mathematics can be traced to Alan Turing's 1952 paper, "The chemical basis of morphogenesis", a model now known as the Turing pattern. Another famous model is the so-called French flag model, developed in the sixties.Improvements in computer performance in the t... | Morphogenesis | 0.798296 |
87,869 | This makes tests based on Fermat's Little Theorem less effective than strong probable prime tests such as the Baillie–PSW primality test and the Miller–Rabin primality test. However, no Carmichael number is either an Euler–Jacobi pseudoprime or a strong pseudoprime to every base relatively prime to it so, in theory, ei... | Carmichael numbers | 0.798295 |
87,870 | SyntheticPages is a free interactive database of synthetic chemistry procedures operated by the Royal Society of Chemistry. Users submit synthetic procedures which they have conducted themselves for publication on the site. These procedures may be original works, but they are more often based on literature reactions. C... | ChemSpider | 0.798295 |
87,871 | A portion of the site is used to house underground physics experiments which require shielding from cosmic rays. Although only moderately deep as such laboratories go (1585 meter water equivalent shielding: 8 ), the site has several advantages. The salt is easy to excavate,: 24 dry (no water to pump out), and salt is m... | Waste Isolation Pilot Plant | 0.798295 |
87,872 | The process attempts to roughly mimic the biology of the human inner ear by finding only but a few of the loudest harmonics at a given instant. That small set of found harmonics are in turn compared against all the possible resultant pitches' harmonic-sets, to hypothesize what the most probable pitch could be given tha... | Music transcription | 0.798295 |
87,873 | Nilanjana Datta is an Indian-born British mathematician. She is a Professor in Quantum Information Theory (Grade 11) in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge, and a Fellow of Pembroke College. Born in the Indian state of West Bengal, Datta graduated from Jadavpur U... | Nilanjana Datta | 0.798294 |
87,874 | Studies from 1958 attempted to calculate the returns from additional schooling (the percent increase in income acquired through an additional year of schooling). Later results attempted to allow for different returns across persons or by level of education.Statistics have shown that countries with high enrollment/gradu... | Education economics | 0.798293 |
87,875 | MVIO support on 3 or 4 pinsAVR EA-series (not yet released As of September 2021) 8–64k flash 28–48-pin packageXMEGA the ATxmega series offers a wide variety of peripherals and functionality such as: Extended performance features, such as DMA, "Event System", and cryptography support Extensive peripheral set with ADCsAp... | AVR microcontrollers | 0.798293 |
87,876 | Silicone rubber can be 3d printed (liquid deposition modelling LDM) using pump-nozzle extrusion systems. Unfortunately, standard silicone formulations are optimized to be used by extrusion and injection moulding machines and are not applicable in LDM-based 3D printing. The rheological behavior and the pot life need to ... | Silicone rubber | 0.798293 |
87,877 | In number theory, a probable prime (PRP) is an integer that satisfies a specific condition that is satisfied by all prime numbers, but which is not satisfied by most composite numbers. Different types of probable primes have different specific conditions. While there may be probable primes that are composite (called ps... | Probable prime | 0.798293 |
87,878 | Rudolf Ondrejka (1928–2001) discovered the following 3×3 magic square of primes, in this case nine Chen primes: The Green–Tao theorem implies that there are arbitrarily large magic squares consisting of primes. The following "reversible magic square" has a magic constant of 264 both upside down and right way up: When t... | Magic Squares | 0.798293 |
87,879 | Quantum teleportation, entanglement and the manufacturing of quantum computers depend on a comprehensive understanding of quantum physics and engineering. Google and IBM have invested significantly in quantum computer hardware research, leading to significant progress in manufacturing quantum computers since the 2010s.... | Quantum informatics | 0.798292 |
87,880 | Discussion group servers host numerous astronomy lists. A great deal of the commerce of amateur astronomy, the buying and selling of equipment, occurs online. Many amateurs use online tools to plan their nightly observing sessions, using tools such as the Clear Sky Chart. | Amateur X-ray astronomy | 0.798292 |
87,881 | In what became chiral studies of the cooperative nature of polymers he found unexpected phenomena, which have widely influenced work in this area. In 1984, Green was promoted to professor and made a member of the Herman F. Mark Polymer Research Institute. He received a Japan-US Fellowship in 1989 from the NSF and spent... | Mark M. Green | 0.798292 |
87,882 | In geometry, a jack is a 3D cross shape consisting of three orthogonal ellipsoids. Sometimes four small spheres are added to the ends of two ellipsoids, to more closely resemble a playing piece from the game of jacks. Sometimes any 3D cross shape, consisting of cylinders, boxes or lines instead of ellipsoids, are also ... | Jack (geometry) | 0.798292 |
87,883 | Statistical analysis of EEG brainwaves has been claimed to allow the recognition of phonemes, and (in 1999) at a 60% to 75% level color and visual shape words.On 31 January 2012 Brian Pasley and colleagues of University of California Berkeley published their paper in PLoS Biology wherein subjects' internal neural proce... | Brain-reading | 0.798292 |
87,884 | Radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution or SRN1 in organic chemistry is a type of substitution reaction in which a certain substituent on an aromatic compound is replaced by a nucleophile through an intermediary free radical species: The substituent X is a halide and nucleophiles can be sodium amide, an alkoxide or ... | Radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution | 0.798292 |
87,885 | For the algorithm and the corresponding computer code see. The theoretical result can be formulated as follows. Universal approximation theorem: Let {\displaystyle } be a finite segment of the real line, s = b − a {\displaystyle s=b-a} and λ {\displaystyle \lambda } be any positive number. | Universal approximation theorem | 0.798292 |
87,886 | Optimization and troubleshooting information is more typically used to aid in finding specific problems during the rollout phases of new networks or to observe specific problems reported by consumers during the operational phase of the network lifecycle. In this mode drive testing data is used to diagnose the root caus... | Drive testing | 0.798291 |
87,887 | Panmixia (or panmixis) means uniform random fertilization. A panmictic population is one where all potential parents may contribute equally to the gamete pool, and that these gametes are uniformally distributed within the gamete population (gamodeme). This assumes that there are no hybridising restrictions within the p... | Random mating | 0.798291 |
87,888 | The Particle Physics division is involved in the large-scale experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN near Geneva. As part of the international collaborations that run the ATLAS and CMS experiments, DESY contributes to many developments at the LHC, from hardware design and data analysis to preparations fo... | DESY | 0.798291 |
87,889 | As Levesque demonstrated, the closer a knowledge representation mechanism comes to FOL, the more likely it is to result in expressions that require infinite or unacceptably large resources to compute.As a result of this trade-off, a great deal of early work on knowledge representation for artificial intelligence involv... | Deductive classifier | 0.798291 |
87,890 | According to its website, Core Security's research department, Core Labs, conducts research in system vulnerabilities, cyber attack planning and simulation, source code auditing and cryptography. Core Labs publishes security advisories, technical papers, project information and shared software tools for public use, wit... | Core Security Technologies | 0.79829 |
87,891 | In software engineering, Jabbari et al. report the use of BDN for the purpose of software process improvement. They use BDN to structure the results of a systematic review on DevOps. == References == | Benefit dependency network | 0.79829 |
87,892 | The interior of Peary Crater may also harbor hydrogen deposits.A 1994 bistatic radar experiment performed during the Clementine mission suggested the presence of water ice around the south pole. The Lunar Prospector spacecraft reported in 2008 enhanced hydrogen abundances at the south pole and even more at the north po... | Lunar habitation | 0.798289 |
87,893 | This is especially common in powerful lasers. Whatever the shape of a slope efficiency curve, it should be possible to extrapolate the line of best fit to find the intercept with the x-axis. In this way the threshold pump power for this particular laser can be found. Determining the laser threshold periodically, via a ... | Slope efficiency | 0.798289 |
87,894 | The topic of numerical methods is quite large, obviously being of use to most fields of engineering and science in general. Numerical methods have been around much longer than computers have (In the 1920s Richardson developed some of the finite difference schemes still in use today, but they were calculated by hand, us... | Groundwater hydrology | 0.798288 |
87,895 | Let us mention another very weak theory that has been investigated, namely Intuitionistic (or constructive) Kripke–Platek set theory I K P {\displaystyle {\mathsf {IKP}}} . It has not only Separation but also Collection restricted to Δ 0 {\displaystyle \Delta _{0}} -formulas, i.e. it is similar to B C S T {\displaystyl... | Intuitionistic set theory | 0.798288 |
87,896 | This gives a steady current proportional to the dose rate the gas is exposed to. Ion chambers are widely used as hand held radiation survey meters to check radiation dose levels. Proportional counters use a geometry with a thin positively charged anode wire in the center of a cylindrical chamber. | X-ray film | 0.798288 |
87,897 | As yet there is not consensus nor compelling arguments for the conjectured fixes or phenomena which would insure that the N = 4 {\displaystyle N=4} supersymmetric Yang Mills results would reliably reflect QCD. In a letter to Physics Today, Nobel laureate Philip W. Anderson voiced similar concerns about applications of ... | Maldacena conjecture | 0.798288 |
87,898 | In convex analysis, the Fenchel–Moreau theorem (named after Werner Fenchel and Jean Jacques Moreau) or Fenchel biconjugation theorem (or just biconjugation theorem) is a theorem which gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a function to be equal to its biconjugate. This is in contrast to the general property tha... | Fenchel–Moreau theorem | 0.798288 |
87,899 | His works are visual representations of mathematical objects; The Eightfold Way is based on the projective special linear group PSL(2,7), a finite group of 168 elements. The sculptor Bathsheba Grossman similarly bases her work on mathematical structures. The artist Nelson Saiers incorporates mathematical concepts and t... | Mathematical art | 0.798288 |
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