id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
89,500 | Fullerene – any molecule composed entirely of carbon, in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. Fullerene spheres and tubes have applications in nanotechnology. Allotropes of carbon – Aggregated diamond nanorods – Buckypaper – Carbon nanofoam – Carbon nanotube – Nanoknot – Nanotube membrane – Fullerene chemis... | Outline of nanotechnology | 0.797945 |
89,501 | Language learning aptitude refers to the "prediction of how well, relative to other individuals, an individual can learn a foreign language in a given amount of time and under given conditions". Foreign language aptitude itself has been defined as a set of cognitive abilities which predicts L2 learning rate, or how fas... | Language learning aptitude | 0.797945 |
89,502 | Notable scientific workflow systems include: Anduril, bioinformatics and image analysis Apache Airavata, a general purpose workflow management system Apache Airflow, a general purpose workflow management system Apache Taverna, widely used in bioinformatics, astronomy, biodiversity BioBIKE, a cloud-based bioinformatics ... | Scientific workflow system | 0.797945 |
89,503 | Research within the Schaefer group involves the use of computational hardware and theoretical methods to solve problems in molecular quantum mechanics. His contributions to the field of quantum chemistry include a paper challenging, on theoretical grounds, the geometry of triplet methylene as assigned by Nobel Prize-wi... | Henry F. Schaefer III | 0.797945 |
89,504 | Dawon Kahng was born on May 4, 1931, in Keijō, Chōsen (today Seoul, South Korea). He studied physics at Seoul National University in South Korea, and immigrated to the United States in 1955 to attend Ohio State University, where he received a doctorate in electrical engineering in 1959. He was a researcher at Bell Tele... | Dawon Kahng | 0.797945 |
89,505 | At first, Hawking's result posed a problem for theorists because it suggested that black holes destroy information. More precisely, Hawking's calculation seemed to conflict with one of the basic postulates of quantum mechanics, which states that physical systems evolve in time according to the Schrödinger equation. Thi... | Gauge–gravity duality | 0.797945 |
89,506 | This is a special feature of hereditary rings like the integers Z: the direct sum of injective modules is injective because the ring is Noetherian, and the quotients of injectives are injective because the ring is hereditary, so any submodule generated by injective modules is injective. The converse is a result of (Mat... | Divisible group | 0.797945 |
89,507 | While the Moon has the lowest planetary protection target-categorization, its degradation as a pristine body and scientific place has been discussed. If there is astronomy performed from the Moon, it will need to be free from any physical and radio pollution. While the Moon has no significant atmosphere, traffic and im... | Moon mass | 0.797944 |
89,508 | numerical analysis The study of algorithms that use numerical approximation (as opposed to symbolic manipulations) for the problems of mathematical analysis (as distinguished from discrete mathematics). numerical method In numerical analysis, a numerical method is a mathematical tool designed to solve numerical problem... | Glossary of computer science | 0.797944 |
89,509 | Peres argued that all varieties of many-worlds interpretations merely shifted the arbitrariness or vagueness of the wavefunction collapse idea to the question of when "worlds" can be regarded as separate, and that no objective criterion for that separation can actually be formulated. Moreover, Peres dismissed "spontane... | Quantum Theory: Concepts and Methods | 0.797944 |
89,510 | In organic chemistry glycerolysis refers to any process in which chemical bonds are broken via a reaction with glycerol. The term refers almost exclusively to the transesterification reaction of glycerol with triglycerides (fats/oils) to form mixtures of monoglycerides and diglycerides. These find a variety of uses; as... | Glycerolysis | 0.797944 |
89,511 | They also showed how purely topological results such as Stephen Smale's h-cobordism theorem could then be applied to draw conclusions such as the fact that every closed and simply-connected smooth manifold of dimension 5, 6, or 7 has a Riemannian metric of positive scalar curvature. They further introduced the new clas... | Mikhael Gromov (mathematician) | 0.797944 |
89,512 | (Roughly speaking, Girard found pure systems in which one can express the sentence "the types form a type".) Furthermore, all known examples of pure type systems that are not strongly normalizing are not even (weakly) normalizing: they contain expressions that do not have normal forms, just like the untyped lambda calc... | Pure type system | 0.797943 |
89,513 | Second, the uneven polymer surface is flattened when subjected to incremental forces, and therefore, more contact paths are created; this causes an increment in the effective Area for current conduction A {\displaystyle A} . At a macroscopic scale, the polymer surface is smooth. However, under a scanning electron micro... | Force-sensing resistor | 0.797943 |
89,514 | Theorem. If ( Σ , μ ) {\displaystyle (\Sigma ,\mu )} is σ-finite and complete and τ {\displaystyle \tau } has a countable basis then ( X , Σ , μ ) {\displaystyle (X,\Sigma ,\mu )} admits a strong lifting. Proof. | Lifting theory | 0.797943 |
89,515 | In geometry, the Thomson cubic of a triangle is the locus of centers of circumconics whose normals at the vertices are concurrent. | Thomson cubic | 0.797943 |
89,516 | The collaborative filtering method: Collected user data may be assessed in aggregate (across multiple users) using machine learning techniques to cluster interaction patterns to user models and classify specific user patterns to such models. The website may then be adapted to target clusters of users. In this approach,... | Adaptive website | 0.797943 |
89,517 | To invert a number in arithmetic usually means to take its reciprocal. A closely related idea in geometry is that of "inverting" a point. In the plane, the inverse of a point P with respect to a reference circle (Ø) with center O and radius r is a point P', lying on the ray from O through P such that O P ⋅ O P ′ = r 2 ... | Sphere inversion | 0.797943 |
89,518 | This book was based on a series of lectures which Professor Hahn had given at Cornell in 1933; it set forth the "laws" for the co-precipitation of minute quantities of radioactive materials when insoluble substances were precipitated from aqueous solutions. I recall reading and rereading every word in these laws of co-... | Otto Hahn | 0.797942 |
89,519 | Indian Hydrobiology,7 (Supplement): 69–88. Babu.B. and M. Baluswami 2005 Tuomeya Americana (Kuetzing) Papenfuss, a fresh-water redalga, new to India. | Vasudeva Krishnamurthy | 0.797942 |
89,520 | A visitor pattern is a software design pattern that separates the algorithm from the object structure. Because of this separation new operations can be added to existing object structures without modifying the structures. It is one way to follow the open/closed principle in object-oriented programming and software engi... | Visitor pattern | 0.797942 |
89,521 | Archimede construction systems are construction techniques achieving rhombic dodecahedral shapes, a space-filling geometry. In America, most of these systems generate building envelopes made up of as little as two panel shapes and sizes, this feature allowing for maximum industrialization. These panels are generally pr... | Archimede construction systems | 0.797942 |
89,522 | Igor Mezić is a mechanical engineer, mathematician, and Distinguished Professor of mechanical engineering and mathematics at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is best known for his contributions to operator theoretic, data driven approach to dynamical systems theory that he advanced via articles based on ... | Igor Mezić | 0.797941 |
89,523 | Ergodicity results have been provided in translation surfaces, hyperbolic groups and systolic geometry. Techniques include the study of ergodic flows, the Hopf decomposition, and the Ambrose–Kakutani–Krengel–Kubo theorem. An important class of systems are the Axiom A systems. | Unique ergodicity | 0.797941 |
89,524 | Bert Lester Vallee 1981 "For his pioneering discoveries in the field of metalloenzyme chemistry; for his discovery and characterization of metalloenzymes and other metalloproteins; for his fundamental work with reverse transcriptase, a zinc-containing enzyme, that advanced understanding of genetic control and cancer; f... | Willard Gibbs Award | 0.797941 |
89,525 | Pauling devoted the two years of his European trip to this work and decided to make it the focus of his future research. He became one of the first scientists in the field of quantum chemistry and a pioneer in the application of quantum theory to the structure of molecules.In 1927, Pauling took a new position as an ass... | Linus Pauling | 0.797941 |
89,526 | In information geometry, this is seen as a change of coordinates on a Riemannian manifold, and the intrinsic properties of curvature are unchanged under different parametrizations. In general, the Fisher information matrix provides a Riemannian metric (more precisely, the Fisher–Rao metric) for the manifold of thermody... | Fisher information | 0.797941 |
89,527 | A University of Exeter study sought to overcome this obstacle through production of biofuels that can replace current fossil fuels through sustainable means, namely, the production of n-alkanes, iso-alkanes, and n-alkenes, as these are the hydrocarbons that compose current retail transport fuels. The study found suitab... | Metagenics | 0.79794 |
89,528 | While in 1879 there was only one biology department, by the end of the century it had branched out into four distinct departments, including the department of botany created in 1883. Before the creation of the botany department, botany was introduced in the curriculum in 1856, as "Botany, Zoology, etc.". American botan... | A textbook of general botany | 0.79794 |
89,529 | Karlowski was nominated as an associate professor in the Laboratory of Bioinformatics at the Adam Mickiewicz University and he established his research group that worked on projects related to genomics, biological data analysis, and non-coding RNAs.In 2014 Karlowski received a nomination of a professor in biological sc... | Wojciech Karlowski | 0.79794 |
89,530 | He then distinguishes between intra-mathematical explanations, mathematical explanations of mathematical facts, and extra-mathematical explanations, mathematical explanations of non-mathematical, empirical facts. He uses the unification account of explanation to attempt to explain the difference between mathematical pr... | An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathematics | 0.79794 |
89,531 | Kê T'ing-sui or Ge Tingsui (Chinese: 葛庭燧; pinyin: Gê Tíngsùi; Wade–Giles: Kê T'íng-suì; May 3, 1913 – April 29, 2000), also known as T.S. Kê, was a Chinese physicist and writer renowned for his contributions in internal friction, anelasticity, solid state physics and metallurgy. He was the member of the Chinese Academy... | Ke T'ing-sui | 0.79794 |
89,532 | It is still an open conjecture, although a related but weaker conjecture known as "Ringel's conjecture" was partially proven in 2020. Kotzig once called the effort to prove the conjecture a "disease".Another weaker version of graceful labelling is near-graceful labeling, in which the vertices can be labeled using some ... | Graceful graph | 0.79794 |
89,533 | In materials science and solid mechanics, residual stresses are stresses that remain in a solid material after the original cause of the stresses has been removed. Residual stress may be desirable or undesirable. For example, laser peening imparts deep beneficial compressive residual stresses into metal components such... | Residual stress | 0.797939 |
89,534 | In geometry, an icosahedral prism is a convex uniform 4-polytope (four-dimensional polytope). This 4-polytope has 22 polyhedral cells: 2 icosahedra connected by 20 triangular prisms. It has 70 faces: 30 squares and 40 triangles. It has 72 edges and 24 vertices. It can be constructed by creating two coinciding icosahedr... | Icosahedral prism | 0.797939 |
89,535 | 201–215 – c. 285–299 AD) wrote Arithmetica which dealt with solving algebraic equations and also introduced syncopated algebra, which was a precursor to modern symbolic algebra. Because of this, Diophantus is sometimes known as "the father of algebra," which is a title he shares with Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. | Timeline of ancient Greek mathematicians | 0.797939 |
89,536 | In geometry, visibility is a mathematical abstraction of the real-life notion of visibility. Given a set of obstacles in the Euclidean space, two points in the space are said to be visible to each other, if the line segment that joins them does not intersect any obstacles. (In the Earth's atmosphere light follows a sli... | Edge visibility | 0.797939 |
89,537 | Marching squares takes a similar approach to the 3D marching cubes algorithm: Process each cell in the grid independently. Calculate a cell index using comparisons of the contour level(s) with the data values at the cell corners. Use a pre-built lookup table, keyed on the cell index, to describe the output geometry for... | Marching squares | 0.797939 |
89,538 | In 1983, Hung earned his PhD degree in biochemistry from Brandeis University, in the United States. In 1984, he worked at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, under the supervision of world-renowned molecular biologist, Dr. Robert A. Weinberg. In 2006, Hung became the honorary director of Center for Molecular Medicin... | Mien-Chie Hung | 0.797939 |
89,539 | The three-state Potts CFT, also known as the Z 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} _{3}} parafermion CFT, is a conformal field theory in two dimensions. It is a minimal model with central charge c = 4 / 5 {\displaystyle c=4/5} . It is considered to be the simplest minimal model with a non-diagonal partition function in Viraso... | Critical three-state Potts model | 0.797939 |
89,540 | The real surface geometry is so complicated that a finite number of parameters cannot provide a full description. If the number of parameters used is increased, a more accurate description can be obtained. This is one of the reasons for introducing new parameters for surface evaluation. Surface roughness parameters are... | Surface metrology | 0.797939 |
89,541 | Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (also known as Perry's Handbook, Perry's, or The Chemical Engineer's Bible) was first published in 1934 and the most current ninth edition was published in July 2018. It has been a source of chemical engineering knowledge for chemical engineers, and a wide variety of other engineers... | Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook | 0.797938 |
89,542 | The whole curve, that is the set of its complex point is, from the topological point of view a surface. In particular, the nonsingular complex projective algebraic curves are called Riemann surfaces. The points of a curve C with coordinates in a field G are said to be rational over G and can be denoted C(G). | Space curve | 0.797938 |
89,543 | In some cases, one might even be able to substantiate a theorem by using a picture as its proof. Because theorems lie at the core of mathematics, they are also central to its aesthetics. Theorems are often described as being "trivial", or "difficult", or "deep", or even "beautiful". | Mathematical theorem | 0.797938 |
89,544 | In geometry, a solid angle (symbol: Ω) is a measure of the amount of the field of view from some particular point that a given object covers. That is, it is a measure of how large the object appears to an observer looking from that point. The point from which the object is viewed is called the apex of the solid angle, ... | Square second | 0.797938 |
89,545 | Along with GSC co-director, Dr. Steven J.M. Jones, Marra was instrumental in creating the first map the human genome, an international initiative that allowed the data to remain in the public domain. One of the largest collaborative scientific projects in history, the Human Genome Project begun in 1990 and completed in... | Marco Marra | 0.797938 |
89,546 | Phage therapy is used in Russia, Georgia and Poland, and was used prophylactically for a time in the Soviet army.In Russia, extensive research and development soon began in this field. In the United States during the 1940s, commercialization of phage therapy was undertaken by Eli Lilly and Company.While knowledge was b... | Phage resistance | 0.797938 |
89,547 | An illustrative example for Gibson is the human capacity for three-dimensional visual perception, which he argues is a cognitive concept resulting from the way that people interact with their environment.Another foreshadowed element of cognitive ecological theory comes from ecological anthropologist Gregory Bateson, wh... | Cognitive ecology | 0.797937 |
89,548 | Polymorphism was crucial to research in ecological genetics by E. B. Ford and his co-workers from the mid-1920s to the 1970s (similar work continues today, especially on mimicry). The results had a considerable effect on the mid-century evolutionary synthesis, and on present evolutionary theory. The work started at a t... | Monomorphism (biology) | 0.797937 |
89,549 | The terminology is geometric in origin; in algebraic geometry, Grothendieck introduced the notion of a scheme in order to unify the subject with arithmetic geometry, which dealt with the same idea of studying solutions to polynomial equations (i.e. algebraic varieties) but where the solutions are not complex numbers bu... | Element (category theory) | 0.797937 |
89,550 | Bagnold, R.A. 1966. An approach to the sediment transport problem from general physics. | Ralph Bagnold | 0.797937 |
89,551 | A 3-manifold is said to be small if it is closed, irreducible and does not contain any incompressible surfaces. Orbifold Theorem. Let M be a small 3-manifold. Let φ be a non-trivial periodic orientation-preserving diffeomorphism of M. Then M admits a φ-invariant hyperbolic or Seifert fibered structure. | Orbifold multiplicity | 0.797937 |
89,552 | The International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools was founded in 1992 and is published by World Scientific. It covers research on artificial intelligence (AI) tools or tools that use AI, including architectures, languages and algorithms. Topics include AI in Bioinformatics, Cognitive Informatics, Knowledge-Bas... | International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools | 0.797937 |
89,553 | Less than a year later, their mother died and their father soon afterwards in 1840. Once William had completed his course at the Magdeburg school he went on to the University of Göttingen where he attended lectures on physical geography and technology, high mathematics, theoretical chemistry and practical chemistry and... | Carl Wilhelm Siemens | 0.797936 |
89,554 | A function g {\displaystyle g} is called odd (aka antipodal or antipode-preserving) if for every x {\displaystyle x}: g ( − x ) = − g ( x ) {\displaystyle g(-x)=-g(x)} . The Borsuk–Ulam theorem is equivalent to the following statement: A continuous odd function from an n-sphere into Euclidean n-space has a zero. PROOF:... | Borsuk–Ulam theorem | 0.797935 |
89,555 | It is a compact smooth algebraic surface, but is not in general minimal. The surface Y0 is obtained from Y by blowing down certain exceptional −1-curves. It is smooth and compact, and is often (but not always) minimal.There are several variations of this construction: The Hilbert modular group may be replaced by some s... | Hilbert modular surface | 0.797935 |
89,556 | IEC 61968-1 – Interface architecture and general requirements IEC 61968-2 – Glossary IEC 61968-3 – Interface for Network Operations IEC 61968-4 – Interfaces for Records and Asset management IEC 61968-5 – Interfaces for Distributed Energy Optimization IEC 61968-6 – Interfaces for Maintenance & Construction IEC... | IEC 61968 | 0.797935 |
89,557 | VPL also allows generating the code of new "macro" services from diagrams created by users. In VPL, it is possible to easily customize services for different hardware elements. RDS 3D simulation environment allows simulating the behavior of robots in a virtual world using NVIDIA PhysX technology (3D engine originally w... | Maze Simulator | 0.797935 |
89,558 | Corollary. Let A i ⊆ N {\displaystyle A_{i}\subseteq \mathbb {N} } be a finite family of subsets of N {\displaystyle \mathbb {N} } . Then The theorem provides the first insights on how sumsets accumulate. | Alpha-beta conjecture | 0.797935 |
89,559 | A precursor to the agricultural experiment station was the botanical garden. For example, Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck founded the Botanische Gärten der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn in 1818. With need for animal nutrition, scientists such as Karl Heinrich Ritthausen turned to biochemistry to inve... | Agricultural experiment station | 0.797935 |
89,560 | Some of the variations that have been called Zariski's main theorem are as follows: The total transform of a normal fundamental point of a birational map has positive dimension. This is essentially Zariski's original form of his main theorem. A birational morphism with finite fibers to a normal variety is an isomorphis... | Zariski's main theorem | 0.797935 |
89,561 | In 1983 in collaboration with Robert Parr, he refined the HSAB theory into a quantitative method by calculating values of “absolute hardness” using density functional theory, an approximate method in molecular quantum mechanics. This concept of "absolute hardness" was later connected with the concept of (absolute) elec... | Ralph Pearson | 0.797935 |
89,562 | Under the guidance of the noted carbohydrate chemist, William Ward Pigman, he was given his own research project, the “Anhydrous Reaction of Nitrogen Dioxide with some Selected Sugars.” In 1952 Burgess was awarded an NROTC scholarship and entered Auburn University with a dual major in chemistry and physics. During his ... | Edward M. Burgess | 0.797935 |
89,563 | Knut Schmidt-Nielsen (1915–2007) was a major figure in vertebrate comparative physiology, serving on the faculty at Duke University for many years and training a large number of students (obituary). He also authored several books, including an influential text, all known for their accessible writing style. Grover C. St... | Comparative physiology | 0.797934 |
89,564 | : 1 Ward began clarinet studies at age ten and would play in chamber music groups throughout his life.Ward Cheney was a 1947 graduate of Fountain Hill High School in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. In 1951, he earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics from Lehigh University, where his father was a physics professor. During ... | Elliott Ward Cheney Jr. | 0.797934 |
89,565 | Examples of coalgebras include the tensor algebra, the exterior algebra, Hopf algebras and Lie bialgebras. Unlike the polynomial case above, none of these are commutative. Therefore, the coproduct becomes the shuffle product, rather than the divided power structure given above. | Coalgebra | 0.797934 |
89,566 | Janet Gretchen Jones was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and grew up in Vero Beach, Florida. She was an undergraduate student at Swarthmore College, where she was a Merit scholar. Jones was a graduate student at California Institute of Technology, where she worked alongside Fred Anson on ligand bridging in charge tra... | Janet G. Osteryoung | 0.797933 |
89,567 | Throughout Phase 1, the testbed will be run by IIC members General Electric and Infosys. In subsequent phases, this testbed will be able to support multiple use cases in design, manufacturing, services and supply-chain optimization. At this time, additional members will be invited to join. | Industrial Internet Consortium | 0.797933 |
89,568 | In mathematical terms, Alfvén's theorem states that, in an electrically conducting fluid in the limit of a large magnetic Reynolds number, the magnetic flux ΦB through an orientable, open material surface advected by a macroscopic, space- and time-dependent velocity field v is constant, or D Φ B D t = 0 , {\displaystyl... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.797933 |
89,569 | The cancellation property holds for ideals in any integral domain: if xI = xJ, then either x is zero or I = J. An integral domain is equal to the intersection of its localizations at maximal ideals. An inductive limit of integral domains is an integral domain. If A , B {\displaystyle A,B} are integral domains over an a... | Commutative domain | 0.797932 |
89,570 | Gamow was a highly successful science writer, with several of his books still in print more than a half-century after their initial publication. As an educator, Gamow recognized and emphasized fundamental principles that were unlikely to become obsolete, even as the pace of science and technology accelerated. He also c... | George Gamow | 0.797932 |
89,571 | In probability theory and in particular in information theory, total correlation (Watanabe 1960) is one of several generalizations of the mutual information. It is also known as the multivariate constraint (Garner 1962) or multiinformation (Studený & Vejnarová 1999). It quantifies the redundancy or dependency among a s... | Total Correlation | 0.797931 |
89,572 | The Rosiwal scale is a hardness scale in mineralogy, with its name given in memory of the Austrian geologist August Karl Rosiwal. The Rosiwal scale attempts to give more quantitative values of scratch hardness, unlike the Mohs scale which is a qualitative measurement with relative values. The Rosiwal method (also calle... | Rosiwal scale | 0.797931 |
89,573 | See for more details on this method, known as the Wilson s-vector method, the book by Wilson et al., or molecular vibration. Now, s = L Q = L l t r q = B M − 1 / 2 q ≡ D q , {\displaystyle \mathbf {s} =\mathbf {L} \mathbf {Q} =\mathbf {L} \mathbf {l} ^{tr}\mathbf {q} =\mathbf {B} \mathbf {M} ^{-1/2}\mathbf {q} \equiv \... | GF method | 0.797931 |
89,574 | Abnormal pore pressure is defined as any pore pressure that is greater than the hydrostatic pressure of the formation fluid occupying the pore space. It is sometimes called overpressure or geopressure. An abnormally pressured formation can often be predicted using well history, surface geology, downhole logs or geophys... | Well control | 0.797931 |
89,575 | Paul von Ragué Schleyer (February 27, 1930 – November 21, 2014) was an American physical organic chemist whose research is cited with great frequency. A 1997 survey indicated that Dr. Schleyer was, at the time, the world's third most cited chemist, with over 1100 technical papers produced. He was Eugene Higgins Profess... | Paul von Ragué Schleyer | 0.79793 |
89,576 | Physics embodies the study of the fundamental constituents of the universe, the forces and interactions they exert on one another, and the results produced by these interactions. In general, physics is regarded as the fundamental science, because all other natural sciences use and obey the field's principles and laws. ... | Natural sciences | 0.79793 |
89,577 | The field F is algebraically closed if and only if, for each natural number n, every linear map from Fn into itself has some eigenvector. An endomorphism of Fn has an eigenvector if and only if its characteristic polynomial has some root. Therefore, when F is algebraically closed, every endomorphism of Fn has some eige... | Algebraically closed field | 0.79793 |
89,578 | Zero Robotics is an international high school programming competition where students control robotic SPHERES (Synchronised Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellites) aboard the International Space Station. Each year teams of students work to produce code capable of performing in a game that can be deplo... | Zero Robotics | 0.797929 |
89,579 | The 2014 Proceedings are available at: . The 2016 Proceedings are available through print-on-demand at 2016 IFSR Conversation Proceedings: Systems Literacy. Proceedings prior to 2012 are available online in the Archives section of the IFSR website (see http://www.ifsr.org/index.php/publications/conversations/). The Con... | International Federation for Systems Research | 0.797929 |
89,580 | Medium tables have around 18 columns. The popularity of this form is thought to be a result of it having a good balance of features in terms of ease of construction and size, and its depiction of atomic order and periodic trends.Deming's version of a medium table, which appeared in the first edition of his 1923 textboo... | Alternative periodic tables | 0.797928 |
89,581 | Ashitava Ghosal is a Professor in the department of mechanical engineering at Indian Institute of Science. He works in the area of Robotics and Control Systems. He has completed his M.S. under the supervision of great kinematician G.N.Sandor. He has authored a book on Robotics. He serves as the Associate Editor for the... | Ashitava Ghosal | 0.797928 |
89,582 | In organic chemistry, the bromine test is a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation (carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds), phenols and anilines. An unknown sample is treated with a small amount of elemental bromine in an organic solvent, being as dichloromethane or carbon tetrachloride. Presence of unsatu... | Bromine test | 0.797928 |
89,583 | The transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics (TIQM) by John G. Cramer is an interpretation of quantum mechanics inspired by the Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory. It describes the collapse of the wave function as resulting from a time-symmetric transaction between a possibility wave from the source to the receiv... | Interpretation of quantum mechanics | 0.797928 |
89,584 | Long feeders experience voltage drop (power factor distortion) requiring capacitors or voltage regulators to be installed. Reconfiguration, by exchanging the functional links between the elements of the system, represents one of the most important measures which can improve the operational performance of a distribution... | Electricity distribution | 0.797927 |
89,585 | Most nuclear excited states are very unstable and "immediately" radiate away the extra energy after existing on the order of 10−12 seconds. As a result, the characterization "nuclear isomer" is usually applied only to configurations with half-lives of 10−9 seconds or longer. Quantum mechanics predicts that certain atom... | Meta state | 0.797927 |
89,586 | The fusion of fluorescent tags to proteins in a host cell is a widely popular technique used in experimental cell and biology research in order to track protein interactions in real time. The first fluorescent tag, green fluorescent protein (GFP), was isolated from Aequorea victoria and is still used frequently in mode... | Fusion protein | 0.797927 |
89,587 | There is one way to overcome this difficulty. Let the surface to be tiled be free of any presupposed topology, and let us build the tiling with a strict application of the local interaction rule. In this simple example, we observe that the surface inherits the topology of a sphere and so receives a curvature. The final... | Geometrically frustrated magnet | 0.797927 |
89,588 | Hence monadic Boolean algebras are the semisimple interior/closure algebras such that: The universal (dually, existential) quantifier interprets the interior (closure) operator; All open (or closed) elements are also clopen.A more concise axiomatization of monadic Boolean algebra is (1) and (2) above, plus ∀(x∨∀y) = ∀x... | Monadic Boolean algebra | 0.797927 |
89,589 | Frederick Grinnell (born 1945 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American cell biologist, also known for his work in bioethics and science education. Currently, he is a Distinguished Teaching Professor and the Robert McLemore Professor of Medical Science in the department of cell biology at UT Southwestern Medical Ce... | Frederick Grinnell (biologist) | 0.797927 |
89,590 | Rural ones have closed majors across the board, from the humanities to the sciences. More than half of the colleges and universities that remained saw substantial reductions in the number of students attending. Such institutions have adapted to the new reality by dropping programs with low student interest, including m... | Higher education bubble in the United States | 0.797927 |
89,591 | Given two distinct points A {\displaystyle {\rm {A}}} and B {\displaystyle {\rm {B}}} , let M {\displaystyle {\rm {M}}} be the midpoint of A B {\displaystyle {\rm {AB}}} . Then the lemniscate of diameter A B {\displaystyle {\rm {AB}}} can also be defined as the set of points A {\displaystyle {\rm {A}}} , B {\displaysty... | Lemniscate of Bernoulli | 0.797927 |
89,592 | Anton, Howard; Bivens, Irl C.; Davis, Stephen (2016), Calculus: Early Transcendentals (11th ed. ), John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 978-1-118-88382-2 Apostol, Tom M. (1967), Calculus, Vol. 1: One-Variable Calculus with an Introduction to Linear Algebra (2nd ed. | Glossary of engineering: A–L | 0.797926 |
89,593 | The Bronze award was appealed by the university, however it was rejected by the HEFCE in August 2017. In response, the university's Vice Chancellor, Christopher Snowden, claimed the exercise was "devoid of any meaningful assessment of teaching" and that "there are serious lessons to be learned if the TEF is to gain pub... | Institute of Sound and Vibration Research | 0.797926 |
89,594 | The telescope was intended to measure 7.7 metres (25 ft) by 3.2 metres (10 ft) mass 1,500 kilograms (3,300 lb) and would have orbited the Sun at a distance of 0.6 to 0.8 astronomical units (90,000,000 to 120,000,000 km; 56,000,000 to 74,000,000 mi) approximately in the same orbital distance as Venus. It would have empl... | Sentinel Space Telescope | 0.797926 |
89,595 | For CWKPS to compete with solar energy, nuclear energy, fossil fuels, conventional wind power, DWKPS, or other renewable energy sources, the levelized cost of energy from CWKPS will need to become competitive, proven, made known, and adopted; during CWKPS march into the future, other competing sectors will be advancing... | Crosswind kite power | 0.797925 |
89,596 | Defines the system of coordinates used and the kinematics of objects in our galaxy. Photometry – study of how bright celestial objects are when passed through different filters Spectroscopy – study of the spectra of astronomical objects Observational astronomy – practice of observing celestial objects by using telescop... | Space Science | 0.797925 |
89,597 | Bellairs workshop in number theory, tropical and non-Archimedean geometry, Bellairs Research Institute, Holetown, Barbados, USA, May 6–13, 2011. Contemporary Mathematics. Vol. | Bogomolov conjecture | 0.797925 |
89,598 | Psychophysics experiments have shown that relative orientations between 0 deg and about 50 deg produce repulsion effects (the test line or grating tends to rotate away from the contextual stimulus), which is known as the direct form of the tilt effect; but larger relative orientations up to 90 deg produce attraction ef... | Visual tilt effects | 0.797925 |
89,599 | The commutative-ring operad is an operad whose algebras are the commutative rings. It is defined by P ( n ) = Z {\displaystyle P(n)=\mathbb {Z} } , with the obvious action of S n {\displaystyle S_{n}} and operadic composition given by substituting polynomials (with renumbered variables) for variables. A similar operad... | Associative operad | 0.797925 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.