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89,700 | Robert Scanlan was born in Chicago in 1914. He attended the University of Chicago, where he completed a bachelor's and a master's degree in mathematics. The next step in his education was to attend MIT, where he earned a doctorate in mathematics and physics. He was hired as an aeronautical engineer for Republic Aviatio... | Robert H. Scanlan | 0.797902 |
89,701 | It can be invoked using either non-linear power flow equations for system simulation or linearized approximations to enable the joint optimization of operations and investment across multiple periods. Generator ramping and multi-period up and down-times can be specified, DSM is supported, but demand remains price inela... | Open energy system models | 0.797902 |
89,702 | Iatrochemistry (from Ancient Greek ἰατρός (iatrós) 'physician, medicine'; also known as chemiatria or chemical medicine) is a branch of both chemistry and medicine. Having its roots in alchemy, iatrochemistry seeks to provide chemical solutions to diseases and medical ailments.This area of science has fallen out of use... | Iatrochemistry | 0.797901 |
89,703 | In 1877 he became director of the Nautical Almanac Office where, ably assisted by George William Hill, he embarked on a program of recalculation of all the major astronomical constants. From 1884 he also fulfilled a demanding role as professor of mathematics and astronomy at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. With ... | Simon Newcomb | 0.797901 |
89,704 | Ralph was a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity.In Chicago, Gerard studied chemistry and physiology. In chemistry, he was influenced by Julius Stieglitz and in physiology and neurophysiology he was influenced by Anton Carlson and Ralph Lillie. He received his B.S. | Ralph W. Gerard | 0.797901 |
89,705 | The school is an établissement public à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel (a public scientific, cultural or professional establishment), and operates under the oversight of the Ministry of Ecological Transition. Affiliated with the University of Toulouse and Aerospace Valley, it is one of the five found... | École nationale de l'aviation civile | 0.797901 |
89,706 | The functions ϕ C {\displaystyle \phi _{C}} are sometimes referred to as factor potentials or clique potentials. Note, however, conflicting terminology is in use: the word potential is often applied to the logarithm of ϕ C {\displaystyle \phi _{C}} . This is because, in statistical mechanics, log ( ϕ C ) {\displaysty... | Markov networks | 0.797901 |
89,707 | From 1969 to 1977 Hennig studied chemistry in Stuttgart, London, Munich and Freiburg. During the years from 1977 to 1981 he was employed as a scientist at the Institute for Physical Chemistry (IPC) of the University of Freiburg, where he completed his doctoral degree on NMR measurements of intramolecular exchange kinet... | Jürgen Hennig | 0.797901 |
89,708 | In both Gutin & Toft (2000) and Soifer (2008), Vizing mentions that his work was motivated by a theorem of Shannon (1949) showing that multigraphs could be colored with at most (3/2)Δ colors. Although Vizing's theorem is now standard material in many graph theory textbooks, Vizing had trouble publishing the result init... | Vizing's theorem | 0.7979 |
89,709 | Frobenius extensions have a well-developed theory of induced representations investigated in papers by Kasch and Pareigis, Nakayama and Tzuzuku in the 1950s and 1960s. For example, for each B-module M, the induced module A ⊗B M (if M is a left module) and co-induced module HomB(A, M) are naturally isomorphic as A-modul... | Frobenius ring | 0.7979 |
89,710 | In recent years, the adoption of modern robotics has led to net employment growth. However, many businesses anticipate that automation, or employing robots would result in job losses in the future. This is especially true for companies in Central and Eastern Europe. Other digital technologies, such as platforms or big ... | Workplace impact of artificial intelligence | 0.797899 |
89,711 | The Department of Mechanical Engineering (MEC) is located in Garching. | TUM School of Engineering and Design | 0.797899 |
89,712 | Dithiolene metal complexes can be found in coordination compounds where the metal centre is coordinated by one, two, or three dithiolene ligands. The tris(dithiolene) complexes were the first examples of trigonal prismatic geometry in coordination chemistry. One example is Mo(S2C2Ph2)3. Similar structures have been obs... | Metal dithiolene complex | 0.797899 |
89,713 | Electromagnetic (e.g. radio or light) waves are conceptually pure single frequency phenomena while pulses may be mathematically thought of as composed of a number of pure frequencies that sum and nullify in interactions that create a pulse train of the specific amplitudes, PRRs, base frequencies, phase characteristics,... | Pulse Repetition Frequency | 0.797899 |
89,714 | Edenton-Wooten has also given many filters to school teachers and students. She believes that making these fine filters, telescopes, and astronomy educational materials available to everyone is her most important contribution to astronomy. For the August 2017 eclipse, Draco and the EAAA provided more than 5000 free saf... | Escambia Amateur Astronomers Association | 0.797899 |
89,715 | These additional EPMs are the by-product traits of a species’ evolutionary development (see spandrels), as well as the vestigial traits that no longer benefit the species’ fitness. It can be difficult to tell whether a trait is vestigial or not, so some literature is more lenient and refers to vestigial traits as adapt... | Psychological adaptation | 0.797899 |
89,716 | : 697 The LATE consensus working group report proposed a LATE staging system based on the anatomic location of TPD-43 proteinopathy: amygdala alone (stage1), amygdala and hippocampus (stage 2), and amygdala, hippocampus, and middle frontal gyrus (stage 3); hippocampal sclerosis is not sufficient or necessary for stagin... | Hippocampal sclerosis | 0.797899 |
89,717 | Marden's theorem says that the points representing the roots of the derivative of the cubic are the foci of the Steiner inellipse of the triangle—the unique ellipse that is tangent to the triangle at the midpoints of its sides. If the angle at the vertex on the real axis is less than π/3 then the major axis of the elli... | Cardano formula | 0.797898 |
89,718 | Function application will be represented using the lambda calculus syntax. So multiplication will be represented by a dot. Also, for some examples, the let expression will be used. The following table summarizes; | Deductive lambda calculus | 0.797898 |
89,719 | Discrete random variable Probability mass function Constant random variable Expected value Jensen's inequality Variance Standard deviation Geometric standard deviation Multivariate random variable Joint probability distribution Marginal distribution Kirkwood approximation Independent identically-distributed random vari... | List of probability topics | 0.797898 |
89,720 | Two other Nobel Prizes have been awarded for work on insulin. British molecular biologist Frederick Sanger, who determined the primary structure of insulin in 1955, was awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Rosalyn Sussman Yalow received the 1977 Nobel Prize in Medicine for the development of the radioimmunoassay ... | Insulin | 0.797897 |
89,721 | In combinatorial mathematics, a Levi graph or incidence graph is a bipartite graph associated with an incidence structure. From a collection of points and lines in an incidence geometry or a projective configuration, we form a graph with one vertex per point, one vertex per line, and an edge for every incidence between... | Levi graph | 0.797897 |
89,722 | He learned differential calculus at age 12 and integral calculus at age 13. Landau graduated in 1920 at age 13 from gymnasium. His parents considered him too young to attend university, so for a year he attended the Baku Economical Technical School. In 1922, at age 14, he matriculated at the Baku State University, stud... | Lev Landau | 0.797896 |
89,723 | In the simplest form, Azumaya's theorem states: given a decomposition M = ⨁ i ∈ I M i {\displaystyle M=\bigoplus _{i\in I}M_{i}} such that the endomorphism ring of each M i {\displaystyle M_{i}} is local (so the decomposition is indecomposable), each indecomposable decomposition of M is equivalent to this given decompo... | Azumaya's theorem | 0.797896 |
89,724 | There have been a wide range of applications of synthetic setae, also known as "gecko tape," ranging from nanotechnology and military uses to health care and sport. | Synthetic setae | 0.797896 |
89,725 | The notion of a "center" as minimizing variation can be generalized in information geometry as a distribution that minimizes divergence (a generalized distance) from a data set. The most common case is maximum likelihood estimation, where the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) maximizes likelihood (minimizes expected su... | Central tendency | 0.797896 |
89,726 | He became acquainted with Leverett Saltonstall while at Harvard, joined the Hasty Pudding Club and the Fly Club, and graduated magna cum laude with a degree in mathematics in 1915.He entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1916 and undertook graduate studies in mechanical engineering. After the United Stat... | Roger Putnam | 0.797896 |
89,727 | With technological advances, this assay is becoming very beneficial especially in the cancer biology realm. A study was performed to better understand the role that claudin-7, a family of tight junction proteins, plays in cell migration in a type of human lung cancer cells. Due to the slower migration rate of claudin-7... | Wound healing assay | 0.797895 |
89,728 | Utility fog (also referred to as foglets) is a hypothetical collection of tiny nanobots that can replicate a physical structure. As such, it is a form of self-reconfiguring modular robotics. | Utility fog | 0.797895 |
89,729 | In the east part of China, over 80% of hospitals constructed HIS, in northwest of China the equivalent was no more than 20%. Moreover, all of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) above rural level, approximately 80% of health care organisations above the rural level and 27% of hospitals over town level ... | Health Informatics | 0.797895 |
89,730 | Senior Technical Fellow and Chief Scientist of Hypersonics at the Boeing Company. Elected for the development and demonstration of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles and the implementation of design optimization methods. Eugene M. Rasmusson (1999) - Professor Emeritus of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science at the University... | Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering | 0.797895 |
89,731 | Around 420 AD Martianus Capella describes a modified geocentric model, in which the Earth is at rest in the center of the universe and circled by the Moon, the Sun, three planets and the stars, while Mercury and Venus circle the Sun. His model was not widely accepted, despite his authority; he was one of the earliest d... | Historical models of the Solar System | 0.797894 |
89,732 | Aigner & Triesch (1994) describe close connections between the Erdős–Gallai theorem and the theory of integer partitions. Let m = ∑ d i {\displaystyle m=\sum d_{i}} ; then the sorted integer sequences summing to m {\displaystyle m} may be interpreted as the partitions of m {\displaystyle m} . Under majorization of thei... | Erdős–Gallai theorem | 0.797894 |
89,733 | In compiler theory, common subexpression elimination (CSE) is a compiler optimization that searches for instances of identical expressions (i.e., they all evaluate to the same value), and analyzes whether it is worthwhile replacing them with a single variable holding the computed value. | Common subexpression | 0.797894 |
89,734 | VMD has been developed under the aegis of principal investigator Klaus Schulten in the Theoretical and Computational Biophysics group at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. A precursor program, called VRChem, was developed in 1992 by Mike Krogh, William... | Visual Molecular Dynamics | 0.797894 |
89,735 | climatology Also called climate science. A branch of the atmospheric sciences that studies climate, defined as weather conditions averaged over an extended to indefinite period of time. Climatology incorporates aspects of oceanography, geology, biogeochemistry, and the related field of meteorology to understand the lon... | Meteorological phenomenon | 0.797894 |
89,736 | As an example of an application of integral transforms, consider the Laplace transform. This is a technique that maps differential or integro-differential equations in the "time" domain into polynomial equations in what is termed the "complex frequency" domain. (Complex frequency is similar to actual, physical frequenc... | Kernel (integral operator) | 0.797894 |
89,737 | They may also consider how different media may facilitate or constrain either networked or collective interaction. If interested in the global or local characteristics of an ecology, researchers may examine how communication with proximate others may be mediated differently from communication with others in distant loc... | Communicative ecology | 0.797893 |
89,738 | Let us now restrict our coefficient ring to be a field k of characteristic zero, so that, by Hopf's theorem, H*(G) is an exterior algebra on generators of odd degree (the subspace of primitive elements). It follows that the edge homomorphisms E r + 1 0 , r → E r + 1 r + 1 , 0 {\displaystyle E_{r+1}^{0,r}\to E_{r+1}^{r+... | Generalized flag varieties | 0.797893 |
89,739 | In physics, the line of action (also called line of application) of a force (F) is a geometric representation of how the force is applied. It is the line through the point at which the force is applied in the same direction as the vector F→.The concept is essential, for instance, for understanding the net effect of mul... | Line of action | 0.797892 |
89,740 | In estimation theory and decision theory, a Bayes estimator or a Bayes action is an estimator or decision rule that minimizes the posterior expected value of a loss function (i.e., the posterior expected loss). Equivalently, it maximizes the posterior expectation of a utility function. An alternative way of formulating... | Bayesian estimator | 0.797892 |
89,741 | If V and W are finite-dimensional vector spaces over a field k, then we can form the direct sum V ⊕ W, the tensor product V ⊗ W, and the n-th exterior power of V, Λn(V). All of these are again finite-dimensional vector spaces over k. The same three operations of direct sum, tensor product and exterior power are also av... | Λ-ring | 0.797892 |
89,742 | He stayed there until 1983 when he moved to Delft University of Technology as a full professor, of chemical technology in the Departments of chemical engineering, mechanical engineering and mining. In 2000 he moved to the University of Florida as full professor in the National Science Foundation Engineering Research Ce... | Brian Scarlett | 0.797891 |
89,743 | Sakarya University Robotics Competition (SAURO) is a robotics competition hosted by Sakarya University since 2009. The organization is open to undergraduates, graduates and high school students. The competition is discontinued. | Mobile Autonomous Systems Laboratory | 0.797891 |
89,744 | The following can be shown for any elements a , b {\displaystyle a,b} and c {\displaystyle c} of an effect algebra, assuming a ⊥ b , c {\displaystyle a\perp b,c}: a ″ = a {\displaystyle a''=a} , 0 ′ = 1 {\displaystyle 0'=1} , a ⊥ 0 {\displaystyle a\perp 0} , and a ⊕ 0 = a {\displaystyle a\oplus 0=a} , a ⊕ b = 0 {\displ... | Effect algebra | 0.797891 |
89,745 | Designing complex systems on chip many platform parameters has to be tuned. This is done in order to maximize platform performances while minimizing non functional costs such as the power consumption. This tuning phase is called Design Space Exploration (DSE). This process can be formalized as a multiobjective optimiza... | MULTICUBE | 0.797891 |
89,746 | The initial applications were to analogues of the Lefschetz hyperplane theorems. In general such theorems state that homology or cohomology is supported on a hyperplane section of an algebraic variety, except for some 'loss' that can be controlled. These results applied to the algebraic fundamental group and to the Pic... | Local cohomology | 0.797891 |
89,747 | In genetics, transcriptional amplification is the process in which the total amount of messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules from expressed genes is increased during disease, development, or in response to stimuli. In eukaryotic cells, the transcribing activity of RNA Polymerase II results in mRNA production. Transcriptional ... | Transcriptional amplification | 0.797891 |
89,748 | Werner Stumm was an active researcher in several aspects of geochemistry. During the early part of his career he was influenced by the ideas of Lars Gunnar Sillén and Robert Garrels regarding aqueous chemical equilibria. He developed models where the ideas by Sillén regarding equilibria were combined with improved desc... | Werner Stumm | 0.79789 |
89,749 | Molecular recognition and self-assembly may be used with reactive species in order to pre-organize a system for a chemical reaction (to form one or more covalent bonds). It may be considered a special case of supramolecular catalysis. Non-covalent bonds between the reactants and a "template" hold the reactive sites of ... | Supermolecular chemistry | 0.79789 |
89,750 | The method was successfully developed, becoming the sole method used in the early post-war period. After the war, Urey became professor of chemistry at the Institute for Nuclear Studies, and later Ryerson professor of chemistry at the University of Chicago. Urey speculated that the early terrestrial atmosphere was comp... | Harold Urey | 0.79789 |
89,751 | The book grew out of Rushton's 1989 paper, "Evolutionary Biology and Heritable Traits (With Reference to Oriental-White-Black Difference)". The 1st unabridged edition was published in 1995, the 2nd unabridged edition in 1997, and the 3rd unabridged edition in 2000. Rushton argues that Mongoloid, Caucasoid and Negroid p... | Race, Evolution, and Behavior | 0.79789 |
89,752 | In chemistry, an amphoteric compound (from Greek amphi- 'both') is a molecule or ion that can react both as an acid and as a base. What exactly this can mean depends on which definitions of acids and bases are being used. One type of amphoteric species are amphiprotic molecules, which can either donate or accept a prot... | Amphoterism | 0.79789 |
89,753 | The bound of Erdős's theorem is tight up to constant factors for some small values of k: for k = 2, 3, or 5, there exist graphs with Ω(n1 + 1/k) edges that have no 2k-cycle.It is unknown for k other than 2, 3, or 5 whether there exist graphs that have no 2k-cycle but have Ω(n1 + 1/k) edges, matching Erdős's upper bound... | Even circuit theorem | 0.79789 |
89,754 | In computer science, a software design pattern, in the sense of a template, is a general solution to a problem in programming. A design pattern provides a reusable architectural outline that may speed the development of many computer programs. | Geometric patterns | 0.79789 |
89,755 | Generally line source acoustic models trace sound ray bundles and calculate spreading loss along with ray bundle divergence (or convergence} from refractive phenomena. Diffraction is usually addressed by establishing secondary emitters at any points of topographic or anthropomorphic “sharpness” (such as noise barriers ... | Line source | 0.797889 |
89,756 | As such, the expression ⊢ Q {\displaystyle \vdash Q} means that Q is a theorem in the system.In proof theory, the turnstile is used to denote "provability" or "derivability". For example, if T is a formal theory and S is a particular sentence in the language of the theory then T ⊢ S {\displaystyle T\vdash S} means that... | Turnstile (symbol) | 0.797889 |
89,757 | Modern searches for Lorentz violation are scientific studies that look for deviations from Lorentz invariance or symmetry, a set of fundamental frameworks that underpin modern science and fundamental physics in particular. These studies try to determine whether violations or exceptions might exist for well-known physic... | Modern searches for Lorentz violation | 0.797889 |
89,758 | {\displaystyle \textstyle \Sigma _{t_{1},\dots ,t_{n}}.} Then the family of subsets is an algebra that generates the cylinder σ-algebra for X . {\displaystyle X.} | Join (sigma algebra) | 0.797889 |
89,759 | They eventually had two children, Irina (1921–2009, chemist) and Evgeny (1926–2008, experimental physicist and famous mountain climber, leader of the Soviet Everest expedition in 1982). On 1 May 1923, Tamm began teaching physics at the Second Moscow State University. The same year, he finished his first scientific pape... | Igor Tamm | 0.797889 |
89,760 | Shapley participated in the "Great Debate" with Heber D. Curtis on the nature of nebulae and galaxies and the size of the Universe. The debate took place on April 26, 1920, in the hall of the United States National Academy of Sciences in Washington DC. Shapley took the side that spiral nebulae (what are now called gala... | Harlow Shapley | 0.797889 |
89,761 | 1801 — Disquisitiones Arithmeticae, Carl Friedrich Gauss's number theory treatise, is published in Latin. 1825 — Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet and Adrien-Marie Legendre prove Fermat's Last Theorem for n = 5. 1832 — Lejeune Dirichlet proves Fermat's Last Theorem for n = 14. 1835 — Lejeune Dirichlet proves Dirichlet's t... | Timeline of number theory | 0.797888 |
89,762 | Tool for translating characters into other characters. Tool for cutting columns from text and adding line numbers. Extensive text statistics that calculate 12 different values about text. Support for external user-defined text plugins like grep. | TED Notepad | 0.797888 |
89,763 | In a 2004 interview he said, "I go up to calculus, and beyond that I don't understand any of the papers that are being written. I consider that that was an advantage for the type of column I was doing because I had to understand what I was writing about, and that enabled me to write in such a way that an average reader... | Martin Gardner | 0.797887 |
89,764 | Maxwell was awarded the £130 Adams Prize in 1859 for his essay "On the stability of the motion of Saturn's rings"; he was the only entrant to have made enough headway to submit an entry. His work was so detailed and convincing that when George Biddell Airy read it he commented, "It is one of the most remarkable applica... | James Clerk Maxwell | 0.797887 |
89,765 | This again reduces to Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics.The classical regime, where Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics can be used as an approximation to Fermi–Dirac statistics, is found by considering the situation that is far from the limit imposed by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for a particle's position and momentum. ... | Fermi statistics | 0.797887 |
89,766 | There are several different filter topologies available to implement a linear analogue filter. The most often used topology for a passive realisation is the Cauer topology, and the most often used topology for an active realisation is the Sallen–Key topology. | Butterworth polynomials | 0.797886 |
89,767 | These curves should be thought of geometrically as subvarieties on which X {\displaystyle X} has a concentration of negative curvature. In this sense, the minimal model program can be viewed as an analogy of the Ricci flow in differential geometry, where regions where curvature concentrate are expanded or contracted in... | Kähler-Einstein metric | 0.797886 |
89,768 | If F {\displaystyle F} is a field then the multiplicative group over F {\displaystyle F} is the algebraic group G m {\displaystyle \mathbf {G} _{\mathbf {m} }} such that for any field extension E / F {\displaystyle E/F} the E {\displaystyle E} -points are isomorphic to the group E × {\displaystyle E^{\times }} . To def... | Algebraic torus | 0.797886 |
89,769 | Wigner presents two arguments for the thesis that the mind influences the body, i.e., that a human body can "deviate from the laws of physics" as deduced from experimenting upon inanimate objects. The argument that he personally finds less persuasive is the one that has become known as "Wigner's friend". In this though... | Wigner's friend | 0.797886 |
89,770 | On August 11, 1943, he was transferred to the Army Specialized Training Program, a unit established in December 1942 to provide talented enlistees with an education and technical training. : 43 Koval attended the City College of New York (CCNY) and studied electrical engineering. His CCNY classmates looked up to the ol... | George Koval | 0.797886 |
89,771 | School of Education and Social Sciences (Leiria) Educational Sciences – Education and Community Development Educational Sciences – School Management Accessible Communication Communication and Media Management of Social Intervention Organizations Education and Pedagogical Innovation Special Education – Cognitive-Motor D... | Polytechnic Institute of Leiria | 0.797886 |
89,772 | The Institute is located together with other research institutes at the Vienna Biocenter in Vienna's 3rd district. The campus has over 1,900 scientists from more than 70 countries. Also located at the Vienna BioCenter are the Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA), the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IM... | Gregor Mendel Institute | 0.797885 |
89,773 | Ecosystem services decisions require making complex choices at the intersection of ecology, technology, society, and the economy. The process of making ecosystem services decisions must consider the interaction of many types of information, honor all stakeholder viewpoints, including regulatory agencies, proposal propo... | Ecological services | 0.797885 |
89,774 | In quantitative finance, the Feynman–Kac formula is used to efficiently calculate solutions to the Black–Scholes equation to price options on stocks and zero-coupon bond prices in affine term structure models. In quantum chemistry, it is used to solve the Schrödinger equation with the Pure Diffusion Monte Carlo method. | Feynman–Kac formula | 0.797885 |
89,775 | Appelquist, T.; Quinn, H.R. (April 1972). "Divergence cancellations in a simplified Weak Interaction Model". Physics Letters B. | Helen Quinn | 0.797885 |
89,776 | 3. Macaulay duality is a special case of Matlis duality for local rings that are finitely generated algebras over a field. Matlis Named after Eben Matlis 1. | Affine ring | 0.797885 |
89,777 | 1991: Lecturer in Organic Chemistry - University of Exeter 1998: Senior Lecturer in organic Chemistry - University of Exeter 2003: Reader in Organic Chemistry - University of Sheffield 2008: Professor of Organic Chemistry - University of Sheffield | Iain Coldham | 0.797885 |
89,778 | Discrete Chebyshev transforms (on the 'roots' grid and the 'extrema' grid of the Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind). This transform is of much importance in the field of spectral methods for solving differential equations because it can be used to swiftly and efficient go from grid point values to Chebyshev serie... | Fourier-related transforms | 0.797885 |
89,779 | Hence any sober space with specialization order ≤ is finer than the upper topology and coarser than the Scott topology. Yet, such a space may fail to exist, that is, there exist partial orders for which there is no sober order-consistent topology. Especially, the Scott topology is not necessarily sober. | Specialization preorder | 0.797885 |
89,780 | The derivation of the Forouhi–Bloomer dispersion equations is based on obtaining an expression for k as a function of photon energy, symbolically written as k(E), starting from first principles quantum mechanics and solid state physics. An expression for n as a function of photon energy, symbolically written as n(E), i... | Refractive index and extinction coefficient of thin film materials | 0.797884 |
89,781 | A report by US Department of Transportation subdivides an ODD description into six top-level categories and further immediate subcategories. The top-level categories are the physical infrastructure, operational constraints, objects, connectivity, environemental conditions and zones. The physical infrastructure includes... | Operational design domain | 0.797884 |
89,782 | In fact, a series of several mutations to certain classes of genes is usually required before a normal cell will transform into a cancer cell.Damage to DNA can be caused by exposure to radiation, chemicals, and other environmental sources, but mutations also accumulate naturally over time through uncorrected errors in ... | Cancer cell | 0.797884 |
89,783 | If T1, T2 are rooted trees with vertices labeled in X, we say that T1 is inf-embeddable in T2 and write T1 ≤ T2 if there is an injective map F from the vertices of T1 to the vertices of T2 such that For all vertices v of T1, the label of v precedes the label of F(v), If w is any successor of v in T1, then F(w) is a suc... | Kruskal tree theorem | 0.797884 |
89,784 | Deleterious mutations within this segment (amino acid positions 105 to 114, inclusive) also impair binding of the mutant TAg protein species to pRb, implying a correlation between transforming activity and the ability of TAg to bind pRb. A detailed computerized bioinformatics analysis, as well as an x-ray crystallograp... | SV40 large T antigen | 0.797884 |
89,785 | The countries must be colored, using the same color for each country and its colony, so that when two countries share a border either on the Earth or on the Moon they are given different colors. Ringel's problem asks: how many colors are needed to guarantee that the countries can all be colored, no matter how their bou... | Earth–Moon problem | 0.797884 |
89,786 | Another more general version (also called the projective plane theorem, and due to David B. A. Epstein) is: Let M {\displaystyle M} be any 3-manifold and N {\displaystyle N} a π 1 ( M ) {\displaystyle \pi _{1}(M)} -invariant subgroup of π 2 ( M ) {\displaystyle \pi _{2}(M)} . If f: S 2 → M {\displaystyle f\colon S^{2}\... | Sphere theorem (3-manifolds) | 0.797884 |
89,787 | In principle, the α angle can be varied to tune the dispersion properties of a prism compressor. In practice, however, the geometry is chosen such that the incident and refracted beam have the same angle at the central wavelength of the spectrum to be compressed. This configuration is known as the "angle of minimum dev... | Prism compressor | 0.797884 |
89,788 | In the language of functional differentiation (Mermin theorem): δ Ω / δ n ( r ) = 0. {\displaystyle \delta \Omega /\delta n(\mathbf {r} )=0.} The Helmholtz free energy functional F {\displaystyle F} is defined as F = Ω + ∫ d 3 r n ( r ) μ ( r ) {\displaystyle F=\Omega +\int d^{3}\mathbf {r} \,n(\mathbf {r} )\mu (\mathb... | Density Functional Theory | 0.797883 |
89,789 | The primary reason XOR is so useful in cryptography is because it is "perfectly balanced"; for a given plaintext input 0 or 1, the ciphertext result is equally likely to be either 0 or 1 for a truly random key bit.The table below shows all four possible pairs of plaintext and key bits. It is clear that if nothing is kn... | Simple XOR cipher | 0.797883 |
89,790 | Factor analysis is at the core of psychological statistics. It has two schools: (1) Exploratory Factor analysis (2) Confirmatory Factor analysis. | Psychological statistics | 0.797883 |
89,791 | A medical imaging method employing tomography where digital geometry processing is used to generate a three-dimensional image of the internal structures of an object from a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation. CT produces a volume of data, which can be manipulated, throug... | Image-guided radiation therapy | 0.797883 |
89,792 | The principal axis theorem concerns quadratic forms in Rn, which are homogeneous polynomials of degree 2. Any quadratic form may be represented as Q ( x ) = x T A x {\displaystyle Q(\mathbf {x} )=\mathbf {x} ^{\textsf {T}}A\mathbf {x} } where A is a symmetric matrix. The first part of the theorem is contained in the fo... | Principal axis theorem | 0.797882 |
89,793 | The term blade geometry refers to the physical properties of a sword blade: cross-section (or grind) and taper. | Blade geometry | 0.797882 |
89,794 | These early diagnostic systems used patients’ symptoms and laboratory test results as inputs to generate a diagnostic outcome. These systems were often described as the early forms of expert systems. However, researchers realized that there were significant limitations when using traditional methods such as flow charts... | Expert System | 0.797882 |
89,795 | In IQ and the Wealth of Nations, Lynn claims that national GDP is determined largely by national average IQ. He draws this conclusion from the correlation between average IQ and GDP and argues low intelligence in African nations is the cause of their low levels of growth. Lynn's theory has been criticized for attributi... | Race science | 0.797882 |
89,796 | In fields like computational chemistry and solid-state and condensed matter physics the so-called atomic orbitals, or spin-orbitals, as they appear in textbooks on quantum physics, are often partially replaced by cubic harmonics for a number of reasons. These harmonics are usually named tesseral harmonics in the field ... | Cubic harmonic | 0.797882 |
89,797 | By the Frisch–Waugh–Lovell theorem it does not matter whether dummy variables for all but one of the seasons are introduced into the regression equation, or if the independent variable is first seasonally adjusted (by the same dummy variable method), and the regression then run. Since seasonal adjustment introduces a "... | Seasonal adjustment | 0.797881 |
89,798 | In January 2021, Insilico entered into a partnership with Fosun Pharma, to facilitate entry into the Chinese market. Later in 2021 after developing a novel preclinical candidate molecule for a novel target, the company announced a series C $255 million megaround from Warburg Pincus, Sequoia Capital, Orbimed, Mirae Asse... | Insilico Medicine | 0.797881 |
89,799 | The primary goal is to understand the system of the natural Earth. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is a facility west of the central campus operated by the university for the Department of Energy. It contains the longest linear particle accelerator in the world, 2 miles (3.2 km) on 426 acres (172 ha) of land.Off t... | Discoveries and innovation by the Stanford University | 0.797881 |
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