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96,900 | The Coase Theorem has been used by jurists and legal scholars in the analysis and resolution of disputes involving both contract law and tort law. In contract law, the Coase theorem is often used as a method to evaluate the relative power of the parties during the negotiation and acceptance of a traditional or classica... | Coase Theorem | 0.796444 |
96,901 | There are spaces that are more specific than T0 spaces for which this order is interesting: the sober spaces. Their relationship to the specialization order is more subtle: For any sober space X with specialization order ≤, we have (X, ≤) is a directed complete partial order, i.e. every directed subset S of (X, ≤) has ... | Specialization preorder | 0.796444 |
96,902 | {\displaystyle {\begin{bmatrix}1&1\\0&1\end{bmatrix}}.} Over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, the representation theory of a finite cyclic group is fully explained by the theory of the Jordan normal form. Non-diagonal Jordan forms occur when the characteristic divides the order of the group. | Defect zero | 0.796444 |
96,903 | The properties of positronium were predicted by Carl D. Anderson of Caltech in 1932. The Martin Deutsch Student Award was created in 1987 to recognize outstanding experimental work by an MIT physics graduate student. Deutsch died in 2002 at his home in Cambridge, Massachusetts. | Martin Deutsch | 0.796443 |
96,904 | An exterior algebra is an example of an anticommutative algebra, graded with respect to the structure ( Z , ε ) {\displaystyle (\mathbb {Z} ,\varepsilon )} where ε: Z → Z / 2 Z {\displaystyle \varepsilon \colon \mathbb {Z} \to \mathbb {Z} /2\mathbb {Z} } is the quotient map. A supercommutative algebra (sometimes called... | Graded module | 0.796443 |
96,905 | On average it would be expected that the smoke particles around a struck match would drift away from each other, diffusing throughout the available space. It would be an astronomically improbable event for all the particles to cluster together, yet the movement of any one smoke particle cannot be predicted. By contrast... | Entropy as an arrow of time | 0.796443 |
96,906 | In statistics, the likelihood-ratio test assesses the goodness of fit of two competing statistical models, specifically one found by maximization over the entire parameter space and another found after imposing some constraint, based on the ratio of their likelihoods. If the constraint (i.e., the null hypothesis) is su... | Likelihood ratio statistics | 0.796442 |
96,907 | Let's say we wanted to evaluate the flux of the following vector field defined by F = 2 x 2 i + 2 y 2 j + 2 z 2 k {\displaystyle \mathbf {F} =2x^{2}{\textbf {i}}+2y^{2}{\textbf {j}}+2z^{2}{\textbf {k}}} bounded by the following inequalities: { 0 ≤ x ≤ 3 } { − 2 ≤ y ≤ 2 } { 0 ≤ z ≤ 2 π } {\displaystyle \left\{0\leq x\le... | Gauss' divergence theorem | 0.796442 |
96,908 | This leads to a class of designs that are optimized for the production of 239Pu. These breeders are generally built in two parts, a "core" of fuel that is enriched to the point where it can maintain a chain reaction without a moderator, and a "blanket" of 238U surrounding it that is designed to capture any spare neutro... | Fermi 1 | 0.796442 |
96,909 | He was from a relatively wealthy family and educated at Rugby School. In October 1903 he matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge as a civil engineering student. Ricardo had been using tools and building engines since the age of ten. | Harry Ricardo | 0.796442 |
96,910 | The carbon containing electron-withdrawing substituents will have a more partial negative charge, due to the ability of the nearby electron-withdrawing group to stabilize the negative charge. Three different ylide shapes are possible, each leading to different stereochemistry in the products of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditio... | Azomethine ylide | 0.796442 |
96,911 | Space Hop is an educational board game about astronomy published by Teaching Concepts in 1973. | Space Hop | 0.796441 |
96,912 | Mildred Dresselhaus (née Spiewak; November 11, 1930 – February 20, 2017), known as the "Queen of Carbon Science", was an American physicist, materials scientist, and nanotechnologist. She was an institute professor and professor of both physics and electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Sh... | Mildred Dresselhaus | 0.796441 |
96,913 | The following are membership categories with post-nominals (designatory letters): Affiliate Member: (no post-nominal) The category for students and those involved in chemical science who do not meet the requirements for the following grades. AMRSC: Associate Member of the Royal Society of Chemistry The entry level for ... | Royal Society of Chemistry | 0.796441 |
96,914 | Thus, if the instrument is rotated out of plane from the surface upon which it is looking, this will give rise to a signal. The geometry is illustrated in the above figure: θ {\displaystyle \theta } is the instrument viewing angle with respect to nadir, θ e f f {\displaystyle \theta _{\mathrm {eff} }} is the viewing an... | Polarization mixing | 0.796441 |
96,915 | In molecular biology, SNORA20 (also known as ACA20) is a member of the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNA that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines. | Small nucleolar RNA SNORA20 | 0.79644 |
96,916 | When a vector space over a field F has a finite generating set, then one may extract from it a basis consisting of a finite number n of vectors, and the space is therefore isomorphic to Fn. The corresponding statement with the F generalized to a principal ideal domain R is no longer true, since a basis for a finitely g... | Modules over a pid | 0.79644 |
96,917 | Lyapunov optimization == References == | Foster's theorem | 0.79644 |
96,918 | Hence, the number of total base pairs is equal to the number of nucleotides in one of the strands (with the exception of non-coding single-stranded regions of telomeres). The haploid human genome (23 chromosomes) is estimated to be about 3.2 billion bases long and to contain 20,000–25,000 distinct protein-coding genes.... | Kilo base pair | 0.79644 |
96,919 | The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Robotics – deals with the design, construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and applicatio... | Outline of technology | 0.79644 |
96,920 | A nested loop join is a naive algorithm that joins two sets by using two nested loops. Join operations are important for database management. | Nested loop join | 0.796439 |
96,921 | {\displaystyle x\circ y={\frac {xy+yx}{2}}.} This defines a Jordan algebra A+, and we call these Jordan algebras, as well as any subalgebras of these Jordan algebras, special Jordan algebras. All other Jordan algebras are called exceptional Jordan algebras. The Shirshov–Cohn theorem states that any Jordan algebra with ... | Formally real Jordan algebra | 0.796438 |
96,922 | In 1968, Zellig Harris wrote that "the metalanguage is in the language," suggesting that self-replication is part of language. In 1977 Niklaus Wirth formalized this proposition by publishing a self-replicating deterministic context-free grammar. Adding to it probabilities, Bertrand du Castel published in 2015 a self-re... | Self replicating machines | 0.796438 |
96,923 | In algebra, the continuant is a multivariate polynomial representing the determinant of a tridiagonal matrix and having applications in generalized continued fractions. | Continuant (mathematics) | 0.796438 |
96,924 | The UWA telerobot is a teleoperable robot belonging to the school of mechanical and civil engineering at the University of Western Australia. | UWA Telerobot | 0.796437 |
96,925 | Demarçay studied under Jean Baptiste Dumas (1800–1884) and served for several years as an assistant to Auguste André Thomas Cahours at the École Polytechnique. In 1876, he studied acetylacetonates in the laboratory of Cahours. He spent some years travelling to Egypt and India. In 1880 he completed his dissertation, Sur... | Eugène-Anatole Demarçay | 0.796437 |
96,926 | That acceptance involves, as belief, only that a theory is empirically adequate expresses the epistemological component. Constructive empiricism opposes scientific realism, logical positivism (or logical empiricism) and instrumentalism. Constructive empiricism and scientific realism agree that theories are semantically... | Constructive empiricism | 0.796437 |
96,927 | Lett. 102, 174801 (2009). A. Nause, E. Dyunin, A. Gover, "Optical frequency Shot- Noise suppression in electron beams: 3-D analysis", J. of Applied Physics 107, 103101 (2010). | Avraham Gover | 0.796437 |
96,928 | At the top of the crest is a star to symbolize both Astronomy and Math. The Computer Sciences are alluded to by its surrounding rays. At the lower portion of the crest are two retorts, to symbolize Geology and Chemistry. The letters of the fraternity are placed across the center, and the motto is on the ribbon below.Th... | Chi Beta Phi | 0.796436 |
96,929 | As Knuth developed his outline for the book, he concluded that he required six volumes, and then seven, to thoroughly cover the subject. He published the first volume in 1968.Just before publishing the first volume of The Art of Computer Programming, Knuth left Caltech to accept employment with the Institute for Defens... | Donald Knuth | 0.796436 |
96,930 | CIBERSORT, also called CIBERSORTx, is a bioinformatics tool used to deconvolute cell type proportions and gene expression profiles from bulk RNA sequencing datasets. It is among the fastest growing software tools in the life sciences. == References == | CIBERSORT | 0.796436 |
96,931 | Electronic health records (EHR) are crucial to the digitalization and information spread of the healthcare industry. Now that around 80% of medical practices use EHR, the next step is to use artificial intelligence to interpret the records and provide new information to physicians.One application uses natural language ... | Artificial intelligence in healthcare | 0.796436 |
96,932 | Iranian scientific development, especially the health-related aspects of biology, has been a goal of the Islamic government since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Since Iranian traditional practice of Shi'a religion isn't preoccupied with Qur'anic literalism as in case of fundamentalist Wahhabism but ijtihad, many influ... | Teaching of evolution | 0.796436 |
96,933 | Concentrated solar thermal power (CST) with thermal storage has moved from the demonstration stage of maturity to the limited commercial stage and still has the potential for further cost reductions of about 50 percent. Renewable energy use has grown much faster than even advocates had anticipated. Wind turbines genera... | 100% renewable energy | 0.796436 |
96,934 | In the 1950s Botvinnik became interested in computers, at first mainly for playing computer chess but he later also co-authored reports on the possible use of artificial intelligence in managing the Soviet economy. Botvinnik's research on chess-playing programs concentrated on "selective searches", which used general c... | Mikhail Botvinnik | 0.796435 |
96,935 | He grew up in Podgorica, where he received his elementary and secondary education. For his university education, he went to the United States. He graduated in 1998 with a B.S. in physics and mathematics from California Institute of Technology (Caltech) and in 2004 with a Ph.D. | Vuk Mandić | 0.796435 |
96,936 | Prolonged use of high powered (>18 MeV) machines can induce a significant amount of radiation within the metal parts of the head of the machine after power to the machine has been removed (i.e. they become an active source and the necessary precautions must be observed). In 2019 a Little Linac model kit, containing 82 ... | Linear Accelerator | 0.796435 |
96,937 | Optimization Programming Language (OPL) is an algebraic modeling language for mathematical optimization models, which makes the coding easier and shorter than with a general-purpose programming language. It is part of the CPLEX software package and therefore tailored for the IBM ILOG CPLEX and IBM ILOG CPLEX CP Optimiz... | Optimization Programming Language | 0.796435 |
96,938 | was inspired by and written in the style of Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems. In the book, Jauch "resurrects" Galileo's three characters, Salviati, Sagredo, and Simplicio, centuries after their deaths to resume their previous dialogue in light of new developments in natural philosophy, specific... | Are Quanta Real? | 0.796435 |
96,939 | The book begins with a historical overview of the long struggles with the parallel postulate in Euclidean geometry, and of the foundational crisis of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Then, after reviewing background material in real analysis and computability theory, the book concentrates on the reverse mathemat... | Reverse Mathematics: Proofs from the Inside Out | 0.796434 |
96,940 | Finally one can take these two properties as basics and give purely algebraic definition of "symmetry" which can be applied to an arbitrary algebra (non-necessarily commutative): Definition. Algebra of non-commutative symmetries (endomorphisms) of some algebra A is a bialgebra End(A), such that there exists homomorphis... | Manin matrices | 0.796434 |
96,941 | The Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature is an IUPAC nomenclature book published by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) containing internationally accepted definitions for terms in analytical chemistry. It has traditionally been published in an orange cover, hence its informal name, the Orang... | Compendium of Analytical Nomenclature | 0.796433 |
96,942 | “Nonnegative tensor train decompositions for multi-domain feature extraction and clustering” 2015 The best paper award in Journal Entropy the paper “Generalized Alpha-Beta divergences and their application to robust non-negative matrix factorization” Entropy 2011, 13(1), 134–170; coauthored by A. Cichocki, S. Cruces an... | Andrzej Cichocki | 0.796433 |
96,943 | May received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Swarthmore College in 1960 and a Doctor of Philosophy degree from Princeton University in 1964. His thesis, written under the direction of John Moore, was titled The cohomology of restricted Lie algebras and of Hopf algebras: Application to the Steenrod algebra. From 1964 to ... | J. Peter May | 0.796433 |
96,944 | Under the leadership of Professor Stephen Roth he participated in the establishment of the French Society for Stable Isotopes of which he became the Senior Vice President in 1999. In 1999, he undertook the determination of the molecular structure of the insoluble organic matter of meteorites in collaboration with the L... | François Robert | 0.796433 |
96,945 | Image optimization filters are built to reduce the size of loading graphics: | Google PageSpeed Tools | 0.796433 |
96,946 | This suggests that cerebral constraints have influenced the development of writing systems and that there are limits on what kind of cultural inventions we can accommodate. Furthermore, computer simulations have shown that letter perception in deep neural networks is facilitated by recycling low-level visual features l... | Neuronal Recycling Hypothesis | 0.796432 |
96,947 | OpenWorm is an international open science project for the purpose of simulating the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans at the cellular level. Although the long-term goal is to model all 959 cells of the C. elegans, the first stage is to model the worm's locomotion by simulating the 302 neurons and 95 muscle cells. This b... | OpenWorm | 0.796432 |
96,948 | In particular "0.333...;...000..." and "0.999...;...000..." do not correspond to any number. The standard definition of the number 0.999... is the limit of the sequence 0.9, 0.99, 0.999, ... A different definition involves what Terry Tao refers to as ultralimit, i.e., the equivalence class of this sequence in the ultr... | 0.999... | 0.796432 |
96,949 | Louis Goldman, professor at Wichita State University, states that an increase of .404 points was reported from a survey in 134 colleges from 1965 to 1973. A second study in 180 colleges, showed a .432 GPA increase from 1960 to 1974, both indicating grade inflation.Stuart Rojstaczer, a retired geophysics professor at Du... | Grade inflation | 0.796431 |
96,950 | In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's 1905 treatment, the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates: The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of re... | Special Relativity | 0.796431 |
96,951 | Developmental Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering developmental psychology and developmental cognitive neuroscience that was established in 1998. The current editors are Charles A. Nelson, Michelle de Haan, and Paul C. Quinn.Topics covered include: Clinical, computational, and comparative approaches ... | Developmental Science | 0.796431 |
96,952 | In 1958, his two messages were included in the X All-Union Spectroscopy Conference in Lvov. In total, Edgar Silinsh published 26 scientific and technical papers in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy during his years at RER, as well as 16 technical and technological publications of other kinds. During the "K... | Edgar Silinsh | 0.79643 |
96,953 | The Gauss–Lucas theorem states that the convex hull of the roots of a polynomial contains the roots of the derivative of the polynomial. A sometimes useful corollary is that, if all roots of a polynomial have positive real part, then so do the roots of all derivatives of the polynomial. A related result is Bernstein's ... | Properties of polynomial roots | 0.79643 |
96,954 | Various commentators view the teleological phrases used in modern evolutionary biology as a type of shorthand. For example, S. H. P. Madrell writes that "the proper but cumbersome way of describing change by evolutionary adaptation substituted by shorter overtly teleological statements" for the sake of saving space, b... | Efficient causation | 0.79643 |
96,955 | Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is an open standard defining a digital file format useful for storage, transmission and processing of data: formatted as multi-dimensional arrays (for example a 2D image), or tables. FITS is the most commonly used digital file format in astronomy. The FITS standard was designed sp... | Flexible Image Transport System | 0.79643 |
96,956 | From 1981 to 1982 he was a Heisenberg Fellow at the physics department of the Cavendish Laboratory of England's University of Cambridge.From 1983 to 1987 he was group leader (with rank C3, Professor Extraordinarius) of the “Molecular Structural Biology” working group at the Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry in Marti... | Wolfgang Baumeister | 0.796429 |
96,957 | Operation of the 1858 cable was plagued by conflict between two of the project's senior members – Thomson and Whitehouse. Whitehouse was a medical doctor by training, but had taken an enthusiastic interest in the new electrical technology and given up his medical practice to follow a new career. He had no formal traini... | Transatlantic telegraph cable | 0.796429 |
96,958 | In 2011, it was shown by Bagon and Galun that the optimization of the correlation clustering functional is closely related to well known discrete optimization methods. In their work they proposed a probabilistic analysis of the underlying implicit model that allows the correlation clustering functional to estimate the ... | Correlation clustering | 0.796428 |
96,959 | The +4 oxidation state dominates titanium chemistry, but compounds in the +3 oxidation state are also numerous. Commonly, titanium adopts an octahedral coordination geometry in its complexes, but tetrahedral TiCl4 is a notable exception. Because of its high oxidation state, titanium(IV) compounds exhibit a high degree ... | Titanium metallurgy | 0.796428 |
96,960 | Jean-Pierre Serre, in his 1955 paper Faisceaux algébriques cohérents, remarked that the corresponding question was not known for algebraic vector bundles: "It is not known whether there exist projective A-modules of finite type which are not free." Here A {\displaystyle A} is a polynomial ring over a field, that is, A ... | Quillen–Suslin theorem | 0.796428 |
96,961 | Don Howard, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame, was a Ph.D. student of Abner Shimony, one of the editors of the newsletter; as such, he had an almost complete set. In collaboration with Sebastian Murgueitio Ramirez (then his graduate student, now assistant professor of philosophy at Purdue Universi... | Epistemological Letters | 0.796427 |
96,962 | Sometimes this makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of computation, for example in approximate calculation of conformal mappings of strongly elongated rectangles.Economic Geography: The obtained results are particularly useful for applications in economic geography. In a case where the function describe... | Superslow Process | 0.796427 |
96,963 | For simplicity most DNA molecular models omit both water and ions dynamically bound to B-DNA, and are thus less useful for understanding the dynamic behaviors of B-DNA in vivo. The physical and mathematical analysis of X-ray and spectroscopic data for paracrystalline B-DNA is thus far more complex than that of crystall... | Molecular models of DNA | 0.796427 |
96,964 | Since the 1990s, there has been renewed interest in "migrationist" scenarios, as archaeologists attempted the archaeological reflexes of migrations known to have occurred historically. Since the 2000s, the developments in archaeogenetics have opened a new avenue for investigation, based on the analysis of ancient DNA. ... | Migrationism and diffusionism | 0.796427 |
96,965 | It made no explicit use of either algebra or trigonometry, the latter appearing around the time of Hipparchus.In the exact sciences, Eratosthenes measured the Earth's circumference and calculated the tilt of the Earth's axis with remarkable accuracy. He might have also determined the distance from the Earth to the Sun ... | Hellenistic science | 0.796427 |
96,966 | Contrarily to Viète's convention, Descartes' is still commonly in use. The history of the letter x in math was discussed in a 1887 Scientific American article.Starting in the 1660s, Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz independently developed the infinitesimal calculus, which essentially consists of studying how ... | Mathematical variable | 0.796427 |
96,967 | Visual sense and representation was reviewed in 1998 by Francis Crick and Christof Koch. They concluded sensory neuroscience can be used as a bottom-up approach to studying consciousness, and suggested experiments to test various hypotheses in this research stream.A feature that distinguishes humans from most animals i... | Animal consciousness | 0.796427 |
96,968 | He received his Masters (Diplom) and PhD in physics in 1994 and 1998, respectively, from the University of Göttingen, Germany. He was a research assistant from 1994 to 1998 under supervision of R. G. Ulbrich. After obtaining a PhD, he was a postdoc at IBM Almaden with Kavli Prize laureate Don Eigler until 2001, in whic... | Andreas J. Heinrich | 0.796426 |
96,969 | Whilst the Coase Theorem remains largely theoretical, there are some real life examples of Coasean bargaining. One Coasean example was the negotiations that took place between waterworks and farmers in Denmark. Danish waterworks were attempting to establish “voluntary cultivation agreements with Danish farmers”. Some m... | Coase Theorem | 0.796426 |
96,970 | The principle of relativity, which states that physical laws have the same form in each inertial reference frame, dates back to Galileo, and was incorporated into Newtonian physics. But in the late 19th century the existence of electromagnetic waves led some physicists to suggest that the universe was filled with a sub... | Relativistic velocities | 0.796426 |
96,971 | The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. 49 (5): 287–293. doi:10.2323/jgam.49.287. PMID 14673752. | Thermodiscus | 0.796426 |
96,972 | For example: z → 1 z ¯ {\displaystyle z\rightarrow {\tfrac {1}{\overline {z}}}} is the inversion which fixes the unit circle z z ¯ = 1 {\displaystyle z{\overline {z}}=1} . This property gives rise to the alternate name inversive plane. Similar to the space model of a desarguesian projective plane there exists a space m... | Moebius plane | 0.796425 |
96,973 | Cayman Chemical Company is an American biotechnology company founded in 1980, headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The company provides chemicals that are used primarily by universities and pharmaceutical companies for research and the development of medicines. The company is also known as a provider of reference stan... | Cayman Chemical Company | 0.796425 |
96,974 | Until the mid-1920s, students who were examining cadavers would wear black lab coats to show respect for the dead. Black lab coats were used in early biomedical and microbiology laboratories. The "whiteness" and "pureness" concepts that were established in medicine pervaded that environment at the end of the 19th and b... | Lab coat | 0.796425 |
96,975 | JPC is an x86 emulator written in pure Java. It can run on any platform that supports the Java virtual machine. It creates a virtual PC compatible machine that can run MS-DOS and other x86 operating systems. Programs inside JPC can run up to 20% of the native processor speed. JPC was written by the Oxford University Su... | JPC (emulator) | 0.796425 |
96,976 | Vowles attended the International School of Geneva, graduating in 1997 with an International Baccalaureate. He went on to the University of East Anglia, obtaining a degree in computer science in 2000,. During his studies, he sought opportunities in various Formula One teams, aiming to apply his mathematical expertise i... | James Vowles | 0.796425 |
96,977 | {\displaystyle f_{\varphi _{\mathbb {R} }}=f_{\varphi }.} This follows from the main theorem because ker φ R = φ − 1 ( i R ) {\displaystyle \ker \varphi _{\mathbb {R} }=\varphi ^{-1}(i\mathbb {R} )} and if x ∈ H {\displaystyle x\in H} then and consequently, if m ∈ ker φ R {\displaystyle m\in \ker \varphi _{\mathbb ... | Riesz representation theorem | 0.796424 |
96,978 | The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) has its own 'Working Group on Harmonization of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology' but, as at 2015, there had been virtually no progress in addressing issues around NBTs, and this includes many major food-producing countries like Russia, South Africa, ... | New Breeding Techniques | 0.796424 |
96,979 | To quote Kleene (1952), "The characterization of all "recursive functions" was accomplished in the definition of 'general recursive function' by Gödel 1934, who built on a suggestion of Herbrand" (Kleene 1952:274). Gödel delivered a series of lectures at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), Princeton NJ. In a prefac... | History of the Church–Turing thesis | 0.796424 |
96,980 | MATHLAB ("mathematical laboratory") should not be confused with MATLAB ("matrix laboratory"), which is a system for numerical computation built 15 years later at the University of New Mexico. In 1987, Hewlett-Packard introduced the first hand-held calculator CAS with the HP-28 series, and it was possible, for the first... | Computer Algebra System | 0.796423 |
96,981 | In calculus, Newton's method (also called Newton–Raphson) is an iterative method for finding the roots of a differentiable function F, which are solutions to the equation F (x) = 0. As such, Newton's method can be applied to the derivative f ′ of a twice-differentiable function f to find the roots of the derivative (so... | Newton's method in optimization | 0.796423 |
96,982 | In mathematical logic, a sequent is a very general kind of conditional assertion. A 1 , … , A m ⊢ B 1 , … , B n . {\displaystyle A_{1},\,\dots ,A_{m}\,\vdash \,B_{1},\,\dots ,B_{n}.} A sequent may have any number m of condition formulas Ai (called "antecedents") and any number n of asserted formulas Bj (called "succede... | Sequent | 0.796423 |
96,983 | In solid-state physics and condensed matter physics, the density of states (DOS) of a system describes the number of modes per unit frequency range. The density of states is defined as D ( E ) = N ( E ) / V {\displaystyle D(E)=N(E)/V} , where N ( E ) δ E {\displaystyle N(E)\delta E} is the number of states in the syste... | Density of states | 0.796422 |
96,984 | All the elements commonly recognised as metalloids (or their compounds) have been used in the semiconductor or solid-state electronic industries.Some properties of boron have limited its use as a semiconductor. It has a high melting point, single crystals are relatively hard to obtain, and introducing and retaining con... | Metalloid staircase | 0.796422 |
96,985 | Applied Economics Marxist Theory Marine Science Geophysics Geology Materials Science and Engineering Control Engineering Civil Engineering Water Resources Engineering Surveying and Mapping Geological Resources and Geological Engineering Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Environmental Science and Engineering Safety ... | China University of Geosciences (Beijing) | 0.796422 |
96,986 | This requires both animation processing and physics processing, thus making it even slower than traditional ragdoll alone, though the benefits of the extra realism seem to overshadow the reduction in processing speed. Occasionally the ragdolling player model will appear to stretch out and spin around in multiple direct... | Ragdoll physics | 0.796422 |
96,987 | Barcode reading libraries are more complex, requiring Computer Vision techniques. However, they can be run on common camera or scanner equipped devices. The first libraries could recognize only 1D barcodes by laser scanners mode emulation. | Barcode library | 0.796422 |
96,988 | Channel stops often have a p+ doped region underlying them, providing a further barrier to the electrons in the charge packets (this discussion of the physics of CCD devices assumes an electron transfer device, though hole transfer is possible). The clocking of the gates, alternately high and low, will forward and reve... | Charge-Coupled Device | 0.796422 |
96,989 | A tree structure, tree diagram, or tree model is a way of representing the hierarchical nature of a structure in a graphical form. It is named a "tree structure" because the classic representation resembles a tree, although the chart is generally upside down compared to a biological tree, with the "stem" at the top and... | Tree structure | 0.796422 |
96,990 | Yannis K. Semertzidis is a physicist exploring axions as a dark matter candidate, precision physics in storage rings including muon g-2 and proton electric dipole moment (pEDM). The axion and the pEDM are intimately connected through the strong CP problem. Furthermore, if the pEDM is found to be non-zero, it can help r... | Yannis K. Semertzidis | 0.796422 |
96,991 | The characters of irreducible representations are orthogonal.The primary importance of the character group for finite abelian groups is in number theory, where it is used to construct Dirichlet characters. The character group of the cyclic group also appears in the theory of the discrete Fourier transform. For locally ... | Character group | 0.796421 |
96,992 | Halicin (SU-3327) is an experimental drug that acts as an enzyme inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Originally, it was researched for the treatment of diabetes, but development was discontinued for this application due to poor results in testing. In 2019, this molecule was found by an artificial intelligence (... | Halicin | 0.796421 |
96,993 | Arthur Victor Tobolsky (1919–1972) was a professor in the chemistry department at Princeton University known for teaching and research in polymer science and rheology. | Arthur V. Tobolsky | 0.796421 |
96,994 | Frank Morley (September 9, 1860 – October 17, 1937) was a leading mathematician, known mostly for his teaching and research in the fields of algebra and geometry. Among his mathematical accomplishments was the discovery and proof of the celebrated Morley's trisector theorem in elementary plane geometry. He led 50 Ph.D.... | Frank Morley | 0.796421 |
96,995 | Human reproductive ecology is a subfield in evolutionary biology that is concerned with human reproductive processes and responses to ecological variables. It is based in the natural and social sciences, and is based on theory and models deriving from human and animal biology, evolutionary theory, and ecology. It is as... | Human reproductive ecology | 0.796421 |
96,996 | When a census is not feasible, a chosen subset of the population called a sample is studied. Once a sample that is representative of the population is determined, data is collected for the sample members in an observational or experimental setting. Again, descriptive statistics can be used to summarize the sample data. | Statistical analyses | 0.796421 |
96,997 | Spectral clustering has a long history. Spectral clustering as a machine learning method was popularized by Shi & Malik and Ng, Jordan, & Weiss.Ideas and network measures related to spectral clustering also play an important role in a number of applications apparently different from clustering problems. For instance, n... | Spectral clustering | 0.796421 |
96,998 | (Ph.D. 1957 Chemistry) - Nobel laureate (1996) Henry Eyring - (Ph.D. 1927 Chemistry) - National Medal of Science (1966) Andrew Grove (Ph.D. | UC Berkeley College of Chemistry | 0.796421 |
96,999 | However, he was awarded a scholarship by former Chairman of PAEC Nazir Ahmad to continue his higher studies, and travelled to United States. There, he attended North Carolina State University where he received his double MSc in Physics and MS in Electrical engineering in 1959. The same year, he began his post-graduate ... | Salim Mehmud | 0.796421 |
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