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82,700 | The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration using wheel-and-disc mechanisms, was conceptualized in 1876 by James Thomson, the elder brother of the more famous Sir William Thomson.The art of mechanical analog computing reached its zenith with the differ... | Digital computers | 0.799373 |
82,701 | Linus Carl Pauling (; February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American chemist, biochemist, chemical engineer, peace activist, author, and educator. He published more than 1,200 papers and books, of which about 850 dealt with scientific topics. New Scientist called him one of the 20 greatest scientists of all time,... | Linus Pauling | 0.799373 |
82,702 | This assumption leads to the proper (Boltzmann) statistics of particles in the energy states, but yields non-physical results for the entropy, as embodied in the Gibbs paradox. At the same time, there are no real particles that have the characteristics required by Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics. Indeed, the Gibbs paradox... | Boltzmann statistics | 0.799372 |
82,703 | TCS established India's first software research centre, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre, in Pune, in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in software engineering, process engineering, bioinformatics, and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimi... | Tata Consultancy Services | 0.799372 |
82,704 | The Stacks Project is an open source collaborative mathematics textbook writing project with the aim to cover "algebraic stacks and the algebraic geometry needed to define them". As of July 2022, the book consists of 115 chapters (excluding the license and index chapters) spreading over 7500 pages. The maintainer of th... | Stacks Project | 0.799372 |
82,705 | In molecular biology, a displacement loop or D-loop is a DNA structure where the two strands of a double-stranded DNA molecule are separated for a stretch and held apart by a third strand of DNA. An R-loop is similar to a D-loop, but in this case the third strand is RNA rather than DNA. The third strand has a base sequ... | D-loop | 0.799372 |
82,706 | Hang Gliding; Karate; Robin Leach; Elephant (October 15, 1994) Sled Dogs; Arctic Travel; Life In Camp; Arctic Weather (October 22, 1994) Aircraft Carrier; Brain; Carrier Life (October 29, 1994) Brain Mapping; Garlic; Sunscreens; Tasmanian Devil (November 5, 1994) Movie Dinosaurs; Bread Chemistry; Scott Hamilton; Wallab... | Newton's Apple | 0.799371 |
82,707 | A study by sociologist Giulia Tamayo León, Nada Personal (in English: Nothing Personal), showed that doctors were required to meet quotas. According to Le Monde diplomatique, "tubal ligation festivals" were organized through program publicity campaigns, held in the pueblos jóvenes (in English: shantytowns). In 1996 the... | Compulsory sterilization | 0.799371 |
82,708 | Angraceum sesquipedale was first brought to the United Kingdom in 1855 to be grown outside of its natural environment by William Ellis. Subsequently, Ellis achieved the first flowering of the plant in cultivation in 1857. Angraecum sesquipedale has been attributed as having a nicer appearance when grown in cultivation ... | Darwin's orchid | 0.799371 |
82,709 | On restriction to the spin group Spinp,q(R) these become isomorphic, so the spin group has a complex spinor representation of dimension 2n. More generally, spinor groups and pin groups over any field have similar representations whose exact structure depends on the structure of the corresponding Clifford algebras: when... | Clifford Algebra | 0.799371 |
82,710 | Chemical graph theory is the topology branch of mathematical chemistry which applies graph theory to mathematical modelling of chemical phenomena. The pioneers of chemical graph theory are Alexandru Balaban, Ante Graovac, Iván Gutman, Haruo Hosoya, Milan Randić and Nenad Trinajstić (also Harry Wiener and others). In 19... | Chemical graph theory | 0.799371 |
82,711 | This geometry can result in quantum-mechanical states where the distribution of protons and neutrons is so much further from spherical geometry that de-excitation to the nuclear ground state is strongly hindered. In general, these states either de-excite to the ground state far more slowly than a "usual" excited state,... | Nuclear isomer | 0.79937 |
82,712 | In theoretical physics and other fields, differential equations posed in terms of tensor fields provide a very general way to express relationships that are both geometric in nature (guaranteed by the tensor nature) and conventionally linked to differential calculus. Even to formulate such equations requires a fresh no... | Tensor field | 0.79937 |
82,713 | This separation is reflected in the design of XSLT processing APIs (such as JAXP). Early XSLT processors had very few optimizations. Stylesheet documents were read into Document Object Models and the processor would act on them directly. | XSLT | 0.79937 |
82,714 | R. Astron. Soc., 297 (4): 1245–1260, arXiv:astro-ph/9804292, Bibcode:1998MNRAS.297.1245S, doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01602.x, S2CID 126440 Dar, A; Laor, A. & Shaviv, Nir J (1998), "Life extinctions by cosmic ray jets", Physical Review Letters, 80 (26): 5813–5816, arXiv:astro-ph/9705008, Bibcode:1998PhRvL..80.5813D, d... | Nir Shaviv | 0.799369 |
82,715 | In comparison, the Gaussian-n methods perform their approximation using additive corrections. Similar to the modified G2(+) method, CBS-QB3 has been modified by the inclusion of diffuse functions in the geometry optimization step to give CBS-QB3(+). The CBS family of methods is available via keywords in the Gaussian 09... | Quantum chemistry composite methods | 0.799369 |
82,716 | Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. 10 (49): 11247–11261. Bibcode:1998JPCM...1011247W. | White dwarfs | 0.799369 |
82,717 | During the 1950s, the English biologist C. H. Waddington called for an extended synthesis based on his research on epigenetics and genetic assimilation. An extended synthesis was also proposed by the Austrian zoologist Rupert Riedl, with the study of evolvability. In 1978, Michael J. D. White wrote about an extension o... | Extended evolutionary synthesis | 0.799368 |
82,718 | Competitive grants are awarded to applicants upon the recommendation of a peer-review panel. CSREES' competitive programs include the National Research Initiative, the Small Business Innovation Research Program, the Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program, and Outreach and Assistance for Socially Disadvantaged Farmers an... | Cooperative extension service | 0.799368 |
82,719 | For a concise introduction to the fundamentals of statistics, refer to Stuart, A.; Ord, J.K. (1994). "Ch. 8 – Probability and statistical inference" in Kendall's Advanced Theory of Statistics, Volume I: Distribution Theory (6th ed. | Foundations of statistics | 0.799368 |
82,720 | Takloo-Bighash, Ramin (2018). A Pythagorean Introduction to Number Theory. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02604-2. | Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics | 0.799367 |
82,721 | In mathematics, more particularly in functional analysis, differential topology, and geometric measure theory, a k-current in the sense of Georges de Rham is a functional on the space of compactly supported differential k-forms, on a smooth manifold M. Currents formally behave like Schwartz distributions on a space of ... | Integral current | 0.799367 |
82,722 | Which of the possible chair conformations predominate in cyclohexanes bearing one or more substituents depends on the substituents, and where they are located on the ring; generally, "bulky" substituents—those groups with large volumes, or groups that are otherwise repulsive in their interactions—prefer to occupy an eq... | Cyclic compound | 0.799367 |
82,723 | However, the field of soft robotics generally leans toward machines that are predominately or entirely soft. Robots with entirely soft bodies have tremendous potential. For one their flexibility allows them to squeeze into places rigid bodies cannot, which could prove useful in disaster relief scenarios. | Soft robots | 0.799367 |
82,724 | The types of applications most suited to the selective laser melting process are complex geometries and structures with thin walls and hidden voids or channels on the one hand or low lot sizes on the other hand. Advantage can be gained when producing hybrid forms where solid and partially formed or lattice type geometr... | Laser melting | 0.799366 |
82,725 | In biology, the word gene (from Greek: γένος, génos; meaning generation or birth or gender) can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular gen... | Number of genes | 0.799366 |
82,726 | In mathematics, a Gödel code was the basis for the proof of Gödel's incompleteness theorem. Here, the idea was to map mathematical notation to a natural number (using a Gödel numbering). | Data encoding | 0.799366 |
82,727 | Warning about competing definitions and notation There are unfortunately several terms in the theory of filters that are defined differently by different authors. These include some of the most important terms such as "filter." While different definitions of the same term usually have significant overlap, due to the ve... | Cluster point of a filter | 0.799366 |
82,728 | In 2008, a compressed air and natural gas powered vehicle designed by engineering students at Deakin University in Australia was joint winner of the Ford Motor Company T2 competition to produce a car with a 200 km range and an estimated cost of less than $7,000.Australian company Engineair has produced a number of vehi... | Pneumatic hybrid vehicle | 0.799366 |
82,729 | The tracks did not appear to be from outside sources like cosmic rays. Further studies were carried out with Oxygen 16 and Iron 56, and these experiments also showed the same short tracks.In order for the particles to stop so quickly within the emulsion, they would either have to have low energies, and thus be moving s... | Anomalon | 0.799366 |
82,730 | Real and complex embeddings can be put on the same footing as prime ideals by adopting a perspective based on valuations. Consider, for example, the integers. In addition to the usual absolute value function |·|: Q → R, there are p-adic absolute value functions |·|p: Q → R, defined for each prime number p, which measur... | Finite place | 0.799365 |
82,731 | Since 2004, several researchers at Oregon State University's (OSU) College of Forestry have researched various aspects of Christmas tree cultivation. In the Department of Forest Resources, Rick Fletcher is researching Christmas tree genetics, fertilization and disease management, while Chad Landgren is concentrating hi... | Christmas tree cultivation | 0.799365 |
82,732 | Most rings familiar from elementary mathematics are UFDs: All principal ideal domains, hence all Euclidean domains, are UFDs. In particular, the integers (also see fundamental theorem of arithmetic), the Gaussian integers and the Eisenstein integers are UFDs. If R is a UFD, then so is R, the ring of polynomials with co... | Unique factorisation domain | 0.799365 |
82,733 | The Human Brain Project (HBP) is a 10-year program of research funded by the European Union. It began in 2013 and employs around 500 scientists across Europe. It includes 6 platforms: Neuroinformatics (shared databases), Brain Simulation High-Performance Analytics and Computing Medical informatics (patient database) Ne... | Brain simulation | 0.799364 |
82,734 | A heuristic principle known as Bloch's Principle (made precise by Zalcman's lemma) states that properties that imply that an entire function is constant correspond to properties that ensure that a family of holomorphic functions is normal. For example, the first version of Montel's theorem stated above is the analog of... | Montel's theorem | 0.799364 |
82,735 | Define P > := { p > 0 ∣ p ∈ P } {\displaystyle P_{>}:=\{p>0\mid p\in P\}} . Let Q {\displaystyle {\mathcal {Q}}} be a quantifier-free formula of k {\displaystyle \mathbf {k} } involving only the variables of u {\displaystyle \mathbf {u} } . We say that R := {\displaystyle R:=} is a regular semi-algebraic system if th... | Regular semi-algebraic system | 0.799364 |
82,736 | In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing-by is the use of the relative movement and gravity of a planet or other celestial body to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically in order to save propellant, time, and expense. Gravity assistance ca... | Impulsive maneuver | 0.799364 |
82,737 | This convention is followed by many computer algebra systems. Nonetheless, some authors leave gcd(0, 0) undefined.The GCD of a and b is their greatest positive common divisor in the preorder relation of divisibility. This means that the common divisors of a and b are exactly the divisors of their GCD. This is commonly ... | Highest common factor | 0.799364 |
82,738 | According to the periodic law, dubnium should belong to group 5, with vanadium, niobium, and tantalum. Several studies have investigated the properties of element 105 and found that they generally agreed with the predictions of the periodic law. Significant deviations may nevertheless occur, due to relativistic effects... | Dubnium | 0.799364 |
82,739 | L-theory the K-theory of quadratic forms. Large deviations theory part of probability theory studying events of small probability (tail events). Large sample theory also known as asymptotic theory Lattice theory the study of lattices, being important in order theory and universal algebra Lie algebra theory Lie group th... | Glossary of areas of mathematics | 0.799363 |
82,740 | Hodge diamond: Examples: Degree 4 hypersurfaces in P3(C) Kummer surfaces. These are obtained by quotienting out an abelian surface by the automorphism a → −a, then blowing up the 16 singular points.A marked K3 surface is a K3 surface together with an isomorphism from II3,19 to H2(X, Z). The moduli space of marked K3 su... | Classification of algebraic surfaces | 0.799363 |
82,741 | A (population) effect size θ based on means usually considers the standardized mean difference (SMD) between two populations: 78 where μ1 is the mean for one population, μ2 is the mean for the other population, and σ is a standard deviation based on either or both populations. In the practical setting the population va... | Effect size | 0.799363 |
82,742 | Bischofberger has received a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry from the University of Innsbruck, a Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry at the ETH Zurich with Oskar Jeger, and has done postdoctoral work at Harvard University with George M. Whitesides and Syntex Research. | Norbert Bischofberger | 0.799363 |
82,743 | There are several national and international bioanalytical organisations active throughout the world. Often they are part of a bigger organisation, e.g. Bioanalytical Focus Group and Ligand Binding Assay Bioanalytical Focus Group, which are both within the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists (AAPS) and FA... | Bioanalysis | 0.799362 |
82,744 | Chemistry determines the optimum relationship between the fuel and the material, among other variables. The reverberatory furnace can be contrasted on the one hand with the blast furnace, in which fuel and material are mixed in a single chamber, and, on the other hand, with crucible, muffling, or retort furnaces, in wh... | Reverbatory furnace | 0.799362 |
82,745 | The Astrophysics Source Code Library (ASCL) is an online registry of scientist-written software used in astronomy or astrophysics research. The primary objective of the ASCL is to make the software used in research available for examination to improve the transparency of research.Entries in the ASCL are indexed by the ... | Astrophysics Source Code Library | 0.799362 |
82,746 | In geometry, a uniform 4-polytope (or uniform polychoron) is a 4-dimensional polytope which is vertex-transitive and whose cells are uniform polyhedra, and faces are regular polygons. There are 47 non-prismatic convex uniform 4-polytopes. There are two infinite sets of convex prismatic forms, along with 17 cases arisin... | Uniform polychoron | 0.799362 |
82,747 | The calculations depend on definitions. Thus, here, we proceed somehow axiomatically. Specifically, we assume: given an algebraic stack X locally of finite type over a base field k, (homotopy-invariance) if E is a rank-n vector bundle on X, then A p ( E ) = A p − n ( X ) {\displaystyle A_{p}(E)=A_{p-n}(X)} . | Chow group of a stack | 0.799362 |
82,748 | In most places we suppose that the base field is perfect (for example finite or characteristic zero). This hypothesis is required to have a smooth group schemepg 64, since for an algebraic group G {\displaystyle G} to be smooth over characteristic p {\displaystyle p} , the maps must be geometrically reduced for large e... | Algebraic torus | 0.799362 |
82,749 | The independent variables are mentioned in the list of arguments that the function takes, whereas the parameters are not. For example, in the logarithmic function f ( x ) = log b ( x ) , {\displaystyle f(x)=\log _{b}(x),} the base b {\displaystyle b} is considered a parameter. Sometimes, subscripts can be used to den... | Argument of a function | 0.799361 |
82,750 | Non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs are cryptographic primitives, where information between a prover and a verifier can be authenticated by the prover, without revealing any of the specific information beyond the validity of the statement itself. This function of encryption makes direct communication between the prov... | Non-interactive zero-knowledge proof | 0.799361 |
82,751 | Monique Teillaud is a French researcher in computational geometry at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA) in Nancy, France. She moved to Nancy in 2014 from a different INRIA center in Sophia Antipolis, where she was one of the developers of CGAL, a software library of computation... | Monique Teillaud | 0.799361 |
82,752 | Photon polarization is the quantum mechanical description of the classical polarized sinusoidal plane electromagnetic wave. An individual photon can be described as having right or left circular polarization, or a superposition of the two. Equivalently, a photon can be described as having horizontal or vertical linear ... | Photon polarization | 0.799361 |
82,753 | The new Technoda campus, inaugurated in September 2006, includes advanced science, technology and computer laboratories, an astronomy observatory and a planetarium. Most days of the year, there are educational and social programs such as: a special center for early childhood-technogan, early childhood science, a mornin... | Technoda - Hadera | 0.799361 |
82,754 | The special theory of relativity can be viewed as the introduction of operational definitions for simultaneity of events and of distance, that is, as providing the operations needed to define these terms.In quantum mechanics the notion of operational definitions is closely related to the idea of observables, that is, d... | Operational definition | 0.799361 |
82,755 | CAS provides the abstracting services of the chemical literature, and provides a numerical identifier, known as CAS registry number to each chemical substance that has been reported in the chemical literature (such as chemistry journals and patents). This information is compiled as a database and is popularly known as ... | Chemical substances | 0.79936 |
82,756 | Steinhardt has shown that Gummelt's overlapping decagons allow the application of an extremal principle and thus provide the link between the mathematics of aperiodic tiling and the structure of quasicrystals. Faraday waves have been observed to form large patches of aperiodic patterns. The physics of this discovery ha... | Aperiodic set | 0.79936 |
82,757 | Projective space Projective transformation Projective geometry Projective linear group Quadric and conic section | Outline of linear algebra | 0.79936 |
82,758 | In July 2017, OpenText launched its artificial intelligence (AI) and analytics platform, OpenText Magellan, at the company's Enterprise World conference. The platform combines open source machine learning with advanced analysis and is able to merge, manage, and analyze both structure data and unstructured, textual cont... | Open Text | 0.79936 |
82,759 | In On Floating Bodies, Archimedes claimed that for any object submerged in a fluid there is an equivalent upward buoyant force to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object's volume. The fluids described by Archimedes are not self-gravitating, since he assumes that "any fluid at rest is the surface of a sphere who... | Gravitational theory | 0.79936 |
82,760 | "Guidance Manual." National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (2007). Thawale, P. R., Asha A. Juwarkar, and S. K. Singh. | National Environmental Engineering Research Institute | 0.79936 |
82,761 | The Whetstone Compiler was built at the Atomic Power Division of the English Electric Company in Whetstone, Leicestershire, England, hence its name. Dr. B.A. Wichman at NPL produced a set of 42 simple ALGOL 60 statements, which in a suitable combination matched the execution statistics. | Whetstone (benchmark) | 0.799359 |
82,762 | In molecular biology, autotransporter proteins are proteins secreted out the Gram-negative bacteria. These beta helixes require a domain which is called the intramolecular autochaperone domain. It shows similarities with other intramolecular chaperone sequences and has a folding-associated function. This increases the ... | Autochaperone | 0.799359 |
82,763 | In physics, a partition function describes the statistical properties of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium. Partition functions are functions of the thermodynamic state variables, such as the temperature and volume. Most of the aggregate thermodynamic variables of the system, such as the total energy, free energy, ... | Partition function in statistical mechanics | 0.799359 |
82,764 | Narrow channels about 10 Å (1 nm) in diameter interconnect the clusters, which explains the transport properties.The difficulty in determining the exact structure of Nafion stems from inconsistent solubility and crystalline structure among its various derivatives. Advanced morphological models have included a core-shel... | Nafion | 0.799359 |
82,765 | Organomagnesium compounds are widespread in organic chemistry. They are commonly found as Grignard reagents. Magnesium can react with haloalkanes to give Grignard reagents. Examples of Grignard reagents are phenylmagnesium bromide and ethylmagnesium bromide. | Magnesium ribbon | 0.799359 |
82,766 | Building on the founding discoveries and theories in the history of quantum mechanics, the first theoretical calculations in chemistry were those of Walter Heitler and Fritz London in 1927, using valence bond theory. The books that were influential in the early development of computational quantum chemistry include Lin... | Computational Chemistry | 0.799358 |
82,767 | Going further, the number of valleys in π is 213(π) + 312(π), while the number of peaks is 231(π) + 132(π). These patterns were introduced by Babson & Steingrímsson (2000), who showed that almost all known Mahonian statistics could be expressed in terms of vincular permutations. For example, the Major index of π is equ... | Permutation pattern | 0.799358 |
82,768 | The decimal expansion of πe is given by A059850: π e = {\displaystyle \pi ^{e}=} 22.4591577183610454734271522045437350275893151339966922492030025540669260403991179123185197527271430315...It is not known whether or not this number is transcendental. Note that, by Gelfond-Schneider theorem, we can only infer definitively... | Gelfond's constant | 0.799358 |
82,769 | JSTOR 95359.In these papers, Dirac formulates and derives the Dirac equation, which won him a Nobel Prize (1933) in Physics.Feynman, Richard P. (1949). "Space-Time Approach to Quantum Electrodynamics". | List of important publications in physics | 0.799358 |
82,770 | There he was using computers to advance number theory. In 1959 Zassenhaus began teaching at University of Notre Dame and became director of its computing center in 1964. Zassenhaus was a Mershon visiting professor at Ohio State University in the fall of 1963. | Hans Zassenhaus | 0.799358 |
82,771 | Google for example has a very sophisticated behaviour analyzation system, possibly using deep learning software to detect unusual patterns of access. It can detect unusual activity much faster than other search engines. HTML markup changes, depending on the methods used to harvest the content of a website, even a small... | Search engine scraping | 0.799358 |
82,772 | The Whitney embedding theorems embed any abstract manifold in some Euclidean space. The Nash embedding theorem embeds an abstract Riemannian manifold isometrically in a Euclidean space. | Representation theorem | 0.799358 |
82,773 | Hasse-Minkowski Theorem. A quadratic form on K {\displaystyle K} is zero, if and only if, the quadratic form is zero in each completion K v . {\displaystyle K_{v}.} Remark. | Ring of adeles | 0.799358 |
82,774 | The following provides two classic examples of such existence and uniqueness theorems. Even though the two PDE in question are so similar, there is a striking difference in behavior: for the first PDE, one has the free prescription of a single function, while for the second PDE, one has the free prescription of two fun... | Partial Differential Equations | 0.799358 |
82,775 | Cross-bedding can be subdivided according to the geometry of the sets and cross-strata into subcategories. The most commonly described types are tabular cross-bedding and trough cross-bedding. Tabular cross-bedding, or planar bedding consists of cross-bedded units that are extensive horizontally relative to the set thi... | Cross bedding | 0.799357 |
82,776 | He was able to grow food to feed the troops stationed there using gravel and nutrient-enriched water.After returning from military service in 1946, Arnon became an associate professor of cell physiology at the University of California, Berkeley. He investigated plant nutrition and the contributions of micronutrients su... | Daniel I. Arnon | 0.799357 |
82,777 | The parameter t is usually called time, although this is only as part of standard informal terminology in the mathematical field of partial differential equations. It is not physically meaningful terminology. In fact, in the standard quantum field theoretic interpretation of the Ricci flow in terms of the renormalizati... | Ricci flow | 0.799357 |
82,778 | Despite dilignet attempts, general relativity has not been successfully incorporated into quantum mechanics. Quantum Mirage A nanoscale property that may allow information to be transferred through use of the wave property of electrons. Quantum Tunneling When electrons pass through a barrier, without overcoming it or b... | Glossary of nanotechnology | 0.799357 |
82,779 | Many of the preceding results remain valid when the field of definition of E is a number field K, that is to say, a finite field extension of Q. In particular, the group E(K) of K-rational points of an elliptic curve E defined over K is finitely generated, which generalizes the Mordell–Weil theorem above. A theorem due... | Elliptic Curve | 0.799356 |
82,780 | The DARPA Robotics Challenge (DRC) was a prize competition funded by the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Held from 2012 to 2015, it aimed to develop semi-autonomous ground robots that could do "complex tasks in dangerous, degraded, human-engineered environments." The DRC followed the DARPA Grand Challenge... | DARPA Robotics Challenge | 0.799356 |
82,781 | Elizabeth Muriel Gregory MacGill, (March 27, 1905 – November 4, 1980), known as the "Queen of the Hurricanes", was the world's first woman to earn an aeronautical engineering degree and was the first woman in Canada to receive a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. She worked as an aeronautical engineer during ... | Elsie MacGill | 0.799355 |
82,782 | After graduating from university in 1948, he entered graduate school at the Department of Oscillation Physics. In 1952 he defended his thesis with the title of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences(PhD). With his investigations into vibrational physics he belonged to the third generation of the vibration phys... | Rem Khokhlov | 0.799355 |
82,783 | A is the Jordan algebra Cn ⊕ C with Jordan product (x,α) ∘ (y,β) = (βx + αy,αβ + x•y). It is the complexication of the rank 2 Euclidean Jordan algebra defined by the same formulas but with real coefficients. | Mutation (Jordan algebra) | 0.799355 |
82,784 | The final limit obtained with a neutron beam amounts to |dn| < 3×10−24 e⋅cm.After that, experiments with ultracold neutrons (UCN) took over. It started in 1980 with an experiment at the Leningrad Nuclear Physics Institute (LNPI) obtaining a limit of |dn| < 1.6×10−24 e⋅cm . This experiment and especially the experiment ... | Neutron electric dipole moment | 0.799355 |
82,785 | For diffusion, an increase in entropy will lead to a decrease in free energy which in turn leads to a decrease in the diffusion coefficient. Conversely, changing the window geometry will primarily effect the diffusion of the molecules and not the Henry coefficient. In summary, by using the above simplified analysis, it... | Membrane method | 0.799355 |
82,786 | Some common valued fields encountered in tropical geometry (with min convention) are: Q {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} } or C {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} } with the trivial valuation, v ( a ) = 0 {\displaystyle v(a)=0} for all a ≠ 0 {\displaystyle a\neq 0} . Q {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} } or its extensions with the p-adic v... | Tropical curve | 0.799354 |
82,787 | The principle of Galilean invariance/relativity was merely implicit in Newton's theory of motion. Having ostensibly reduced the Keplerian celestial laws of motion as well as Galilean terrestrial laws of motion to a unifying force, Newton achieved great mathematical rigor, but with theoretical laxity.In the 18th century... | Mathematical physicist | 0.799354 |
82,788 | His work in pure mathematics included working with monodiffric functions, fractional-order mappings, graph theory, analytic functions, and number theory. In graph theory he constructed the first two infinite families of snarks. In applied mathematics, he worked with aerodynamics, elasticity, optimization, and different... | Rufus Isaacs (game theorist) | 0.799354 |
82,789 | In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 39 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside h... | Glycoside hydrolase family 39 | 0.799354 |
82,790 | Several major types of more abstract mathematics (including invariant theory, the Italian school of algebraic geometry, and Felix Klein's Erlangen programme resulting in the study of the classical groups) were motivated by projective geometry. It was also a subject with many practitioners for its own sake, as synthetic... | Axioms of projective geometry | 0.799354 |
82,791 | Music theorists sometimes use mathematics to understand music, and although music has no axiomatic foundation in modern mathematics, mathematics is "the basis of sound" and sound itself "in its musical aspects... exhibits a remarkable array of number properties", simply because nature itself "is amazingly mathematical"... | Music Theory | 0.799353 |
82,792 | Flaming is done to inoculation loops and straight-wires in microbiology labs for streaking. Leaving the loop in the flame of a Bunsen burner or alcohol burner until it glows red ensures that any infectious agent is inactivated. This is commonly used for small metal or glass objects, but not for large objects (see Incin... | Sterilization (microbiology) | 0.799353 |
82,793 | Procedures to generate random variates corresponding to a given distribution are known as procedures for (uniform) random number generation or non-uniform pseudo-random variate generation. In probability theory, a random variable is a measurable function from a probability space to a measurable space of values that the... | Deviate (statistics) | 0.799353 |
82,794 | For instance, the theory of mutation pressure applies when mutation rates are high and unopposed by selection, thus it has a limited range of applications. The theory of evolutionary quantitative genetics can be applied very broadly to the evolution of quantitative characters, but the theory (as developed so far) does ... | Bias in the introduction of variation | 0.799352 |
82,795 | Linear transformations and the associated symmetries play a key role in modern physics. For example, elementary particles in quantum field theory are classified as representations of the Lorentz group of special relativity and, more specifically, by their behavior under the spin group. Concrete representations involvin... | Real matrices | 0.799352 |
82,796 | 104–111Cantor, Georg (1874). "Ueber eine Eigenschaft des Inbegriffes aller reellen algebraischen Zahlen" (PDF). Journal für die Reine und Angewandte Mathematik. | Mathematical logician | 0.799352 |
82,797 | Wendelstein 7-AS was a stellarator, a device which generates the magnetic fields necessary for the confinement of a hot hydrogen plasma via current-carrying coils outside the plasma. They are potential candidates for fusion reactors designed for continuous operation as the current exclusively flows on the outside of th... | Wendelstein 7-AS | 0.799351 |
82,798 | The governing differential equations for the temperatures and salinities in the Stommel box model are: d T 1 d t = | ψ | Δ T + λ T ( T 1 a − T 1 ) {\displaystyle {dT_{1} \over dt}=|\psi |\Delta T+\lambda _{T}(T_{1}^{a}-T_{1})} d T 2 d t = − | ψ | Δ T + λ T ( T 2 a − T 2 ) {\displaystyle {dT_{2} \over dt}=-|\psi |\Delta... | Multiple equilibria in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation | 0.799351 |
82,799 | Dioxygen then binds one copper center, displacing the coordinated water molecule, and another molecule of catechol binds to the other copper center, displacing another histidine residue. This forms a complex in which one copper center has a tetragonal planar coordination with His240, His244 and the dioxygen molecule. T... | Catechol oxidase | 0.799351 |
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