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91,200 | The discipline of combinatorial topology used combinatorial concepts in topology and in the early 20th century this turned into the field of algebraic topology. In 1978 the situation was reversed—methods from algebraic topology were used to solve a problem in combinatorics—when László Lovász proved the Kneser conjectur... | Topological combinatorics | 0.797594 |
91,201 | The period or exponent of a central simple algebra is the order of its Brauer class as an element of the Brauer group. It is a divisor of the index, and the two numbers are composed of the same prime factors. If S is a simple subalgebra of a central simple algebra A then dimF S divides dimF A. Every 4-dimensional centr... | Schur index | 0.797594 |
91,202 | Richard Pew (born April 22, 1933) is a recognized American engineering psychologist in the field of human factors. Pew earned a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering from Cornell University in 1956 where he was a member of Sigma Pi fraternity. He earned an AM in psychology from Harvard University in 1960. He completed a P... | Richard Pew | 0.797594 |
91,203 | However Leopold and Langbein have shown that streams in developing erosion profiles, meander systems, and tributary networks disperse their potential energies more slowly than if their channels were more direct. These two statements might be harmonized by an optimum efficiency maximum power principle (Odum and Pinkerto... | Maximum power principle | 0.797594 |
91,204 | In the mathematical theory of infinite graphs, the Erdős–Dushnik–Miller theorem is a form of Ramsey's theorem stating that every infinite graph contains either a countably infinite independent set, or a clique with the same cardinality as the whole graph.The theorem was first published by Ben Dushnik and E. W. Miller (... | Erdős–Dushnik–Miller theorem | 0.797594 |
91,205 | Sanderson's theorem (Sanderson 1913, p.490) states: "To any modular invariant i {\displaystyle i} of a system of forms under any group G {\displaystyle G} of linear transformations with coefficients in the field G F {\displaystyle {\rm {GF}}} , there corresponds a formal invariant I {\displaystyle I} under G {\display... | Sanderson's theorem | 0.797594 |
91,206 | According to the complete class theorems, under mild conditions every admissible rule is a (generalized) Bayes rule (with respect to some prior π ( θ ) {\displaystyle \pi (\theta )\,\!} —possibly an improper one—that favors distributions θ {\displaystyle \theta \,\!} where that rule achieves low risk). | Admissible decision rule | 0.797594 |
91,207 | These relationships are usually represented by conditional probabilities among these vertices and are usually obtained from outside of the system. λ {\displaystyle \lambda } -connectedness is based on graph theory; however, graph theory only deals with vertices and edges with or without weights. In order to define a pa... | Lambda-connectedness | 0.797594 |
91,208 | Experimental Technology Studies - Collaborative experiment technology using the Internet. - Application of optical fiber sensors in civil engineering structures. Information Technology Studies - Establishment of an earthquake engineering database. - Integration of numerical and experimental stimulation. | National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering | 0.797594 |
91,209 | They assess research proposals submitted to the SNSF and make funding decisions. The National Research Council comprises up to 100 members and is subdivided into four divisions: Division I: humanities and social sciences Division II: mathematics, natural sciences and engineering sciences Division III: biology and medic... | Swiss National Science Foundation | 0.797593 |
91,210 | The trivial topology belongs to a uniform space in which the whole cartesian product X × X is the only entourage. Let Top be the category of topological spaces with continuous maps and Set be the category of sets with functions. If G: Top → Set is the functor that assigns to each topological space its underlying set (t... | Indiscrete topology | 0.797593 |
91,211 | (The potential energy terms which occur in the Hamiltonians are then called partner potentials.) An introductory theorem shows that for every eigenstate of one Hamiltonian, its partner Hamiltonian has a corresponding eigenstate with the same energy (except possibly for zero energy eigenstates). This fact can be exploit... | Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics | 0.797593 |
91,212 | He earned a master's degree in 1954 and in the same year married Zdenka, who continued as a master's student in chemistry. He served a tour of duty as an operations researcher in the Israeli Air Force beginning in 1955, and he and Zdenka had the first of their two sons in 1956. | Branko Grünbaum | 0.797593 |
91,213 | In geometry, a dodecahedral prism is a convex uniform 4-polytope. This 4-polytope has 14 polyhedral cells: 2 dodecahedra connected by 12 pentagonal prisms. It has 54 faces: 30 squares and 24 pentagons. It has 80 edges and 40 vertices. It can be constructed by creating two coinciding dodecahedra in 3-space, and translat... | Dodecahedral prism | 0.797593 |
91,214 | At the International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris in 1900, David Hilbert presented a list of mathematical problems, where his sixth problem asked for a mathematical treatment of physics and probability involving axioms. Around the start of the 20th century, mathematicians developed measure theory, a branch of ma... | Random process | 0.797592 |
91,215 | The use of additive manufacturing for serialized production of orthopedic implants (metals) is also increasing due to the ability to efficiently create porous surface structures that facilitate osseointegration. The hearing aid and dental industries are expected to be the biggest areas of future development using custo... | Desktop manufacturing | 0.797592 |
91,216 | Dana Harry Ballard (1946-2022) was a professor of computer science at the University of Texas at Austin and formerly with the University of Rochester.Ballard attended MIT and graduated in 1967 with his bachelor's degree in aeronautics and astronautics. He then attended the University of Michigan for his masters in info... | Dana H. Ballard | 0.797592 |
91,217 | Abner Shimony, John Clauser and Michael Horne published responses to it, also in the Letters. Henry Stapp was another prominent physicist who wrote for the Letters. H. Dieter Zeh published a paper in the Letters on the many-minds interpretation of quantum mechanics in 1981. | Epistemological Letters | 0.797591 |
91,218 | Fluorometry measurements are used to map chlorophyll concentrations in support of ocean color remote sensing. Special fluorometers for ocean waters can measure properties beyond the total amount of fluorescence, such as the quantum yield of photochemistry, the timing of the fluorescence, and the fluorescence of cells w... | Fluorometer | 0.797591 |
91,219 | In computer science and mathematics, a full employment theorem is a term used, often humorously, to refer to a theorem which states that no algorithm can optimally perform a particular task done by some class of professionals. The name arises because such a theorem ensures that there is endless scope to keep discoverin... | Full employment theorem | 0.797591 |
91,220 | If D {\displaystyle D} is a domain in the plane whose boundary is a smooth simple closed curve γ {\displaystyle \gamma } , then a r e a ( D ) = ∫ γ x d y = − ∫ γ y d x , {\displaystyle \mathrm {area} (D)=\int _{\gamma }x\,dy=-\int _{\gamma }y\,dx\,,} provided that γ {\displaystyle \gamma } is positively oriented around... | Area theorem (conformal mapping) | 0.797591 |
91,221 | Despite there being fewer prime numbers than the number of elements in the previous example, this set has larger logarithmic density, O ( log log n / log n ) {\displaystyle O(\log \log n/\log n)} , according to the divergence of the sum of the reciprocals of the primes.Both of these subsets have significantly sma... | Behrend's theorem | 0.797591 |
91,222 | In set theory, an ordinal number α is an admissible ordinal if Lα is an admissible set (that is, a transitive model of Kripke–Platek set theory); in other words, α is admissible when α is a limit ordinal and Lα ⊧ Σ0-collection. The term was coined by Richard Platek in 1966.The first two admissible ordinals are ω and ω ... | Admissible ordinal | 0.797591 |
91,223 | Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics is used to derive the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of an ideal gas. However, it can also be used to extend that distribution to particles with a different energy–momentum relation, such as relativistic particles (resulting in Maxwell–Jüttner distribution), and to other than three-dimensio... | Boltzmann statistics | 0.79759 |
91,224 | It is possible to estimate the heat exchanger area and capital cost, and hence the optimal Δ T minimum value. However, the cost curve is quite flat and the optimum may be affected by "topology traps". The pinch method is not always appropriate for simple networks or where severe operating constraints exist. Kemp (2006)... | Pinch temperature | 0.79759 |
91,225 | By the beginning of the 9th century, the "Islamic Golden Age" flourished, the establishment of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad marking a separate tradition of science in the medieval Islamic world, building not only Hellenistic but also on Indian sources. Although the Islamic mathematicians are most famed for their work... | History of geometry | 0.79759 |
91,226 | Cyclops Tensor Framework is a distributed memory library for efficient decomposition of tensors of arbitrary type and parallel MPI+OpenMP execution of tensor contractions/functions. TiledArray is a scalable, block-sparse tensor library that is designed to aid in rapid composition of high-performance algebraic tensor eq... | Tensor software | 0.79759 |
91,227 | Its generalization to mechanics, the principle of least action is commonly attributed to Pierre Louis Maupertuis, who wrote about it in 1744 and 1746, although the true priority is less clear. In application to physics, Maupertuis suggested that the quantity to be minimized was the product of the duration (time) of mov... | History of variational principles in physics | 0.79759 |
91,228 | The prize consists of three awards in the fields of astronomy, life science and medicine, and mathematical sciences; it is not awarded posthumously. Nominations are submitted by invited individuals beginning each year in September. Winners are announced in the summer and receive the award at a ceremony in early autumn. | Shaw Prize | 0.797589 |
91,229 | Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence. By the first decade of the 21st century it had become accepted that epigenetic mechanisms were a necessary part of the evolutionary origin of cellular differenti... | Mutationism-biometrics debate | 0.797589 |
91,230 | In statistics, analysis of rhythmic variance (ANORVA) is a method for detecting rhythms in biological time series, published by Peter Celec (Biol Res. 2004, 37(4 Suppl A):777–82). It is a procedure for detecting cyclic variations in biological time series and quantification of their probability. ANORVA is based on the ... | Analysis of rhythmic variance | 0.797589 |
91,231 | A log analyst may map varying terminology from different log sources into a uniform, normalized terminology so that reports and statistics can be derived from a heterogeneous environment. For example, log messages from Windows, Unix, network firewalls, and databases may be aggregated into a "normalized" report for the ... | Log analysis | 0.797589 |
91,232 | The key aspects of human biology are those ways in which humans are substantially different from other mammals.Humans have a very large brain in a head that is very large for the size of the animal. This large brain has enabled a range of unique attributes including the development of complex languages and the ability ... | Human biology | 0.797589 |
91,233 | Valid reasoning has been employed in all periods of human history. However, logic studies the principles of valid reasoning, inference and demonstration. It is probable that the idea of demonstrating a conclusion first arose in connection with geometry, which originally meant the same as "land measurement". The ancient... | History of logic | 0.797588 |
91,234 | It can be proved by dividing the triangle into two right ones and using the above definition of sine. The law of sines is useful for computing the lengths of the unknown sides in a triangle if two angles and one side are known. This is a common situation occurring in triangulation, a technique to determine unknown dist... | Sin (trigonometry) | 0.797588 |
91,235 | Khayyam made an attempt to come up with an algebraic formula for extracting cubic roots. He wrote: “We have tried to express these roots by algebra but have failed. | Chebyshev cube root | 0.797588 |
91,236 | Quantinuum is a quantum computing company formed by the merger of Cambridge Quantum and Honeywell Quantum Solutions. The company's H-Series trapped ion quantum computers set the highest quantum volume to date of 524,288. This architecture supports all-to-all qubit connectivity - allowing entangled states to be created ... | Quantinuum | 0.797588 |
91,237 | A definition avoiding category theoretic notions can be given by taking SP(X) to be the union of the increasing sequence of spaces SPn(X) equipped with the direct limit topology. This means that a subset of SP(X) is open if and only if all its intersections with the SPn(X) are open. We define the basepoint of SP(X) as ... | Infinite symmetric product | 0.797587 |
91,238 | In number theory, Lagrange's theorem is a statement named after Joseph-Louis Lagrange about how frequently a polynomial over the integers may evaluate to a multiple of a fixed prime. More precisely, it states that if p is a prime number, x ∈ Z / p Z {\displaystyle x\in \mathbb {Z} /p\mathbb {Z} } , and f ( x ) ∈ Z {\d... | Lagrange's theorem (number theory) | 0.797587 |
91,239 | Sarpeshkar's recent TEDx talk 'Analog Supercomputers: From Quantum Atom to Living Body' summarizes some of his unique and interdisciplinary research . His research leverages analog circuits and analog computation to architect innovations in bioengineering and synthetic biology, biological supercomputing, ultra energy e... | Rahul Sarpeshkar | 0.797587 |
91,240 | (See Cramer's theorem (algebraic curves).) This led to the misconception that is Cramer's paradox, concerning the number of intersections of two curves compared to the number of points that determine a curve. He edited the works of the two elder Bernoullis, and wrote on the physical cause of the spheroidal shape of the... | Gabriel Cramer | 0.797587 |
91,241 | Policy search methods have been used in the robotics context. Many policy search methods may get stuck in local optima (as they are based on local search). A large class of methods avoids relying on gradient information. | Reinforcement Learning | 0.797587 |
91,242 | Vector analysis described the same phenomena as quaternions, so it borrowed some ideas and terminology liberally from the literature on quaternions. However, vector analysis was conceptually simpler and notationally cleaner, and eventually quaternions were relegated to a minor role in mathematics and physics. A side-ef... | Hamilton quaternions | 0.797587 |
91,243 | bacterivore An organism that feeds primarily or exclusively on bacteria. behavioral ecology A branch of ecology which studies the ecological and evolutionary basis of animal behavior, mainly at the level of individual animals. benthos beta diversity The ratio between regional and local species diversity, or the differe... | Glossary of ecology | 0.797587 |
91,244 | (Lov Grover recalls a postdoc disparaging it with the remark, "The book is too elementary – it starts off with the assumption that the reader does not even know quantum mechanics.") The focus of the text is on theory, rather than the experimental implementations of quantum computers, which are discussed more briefly.As... | Quantum Computation and Quantum Information | 0.797587 |
91,245 | In probability theory, the support of a probability distribution can be loosely thought of as the closure of the set of possible values of a random variable having that distribution. There are, however, some subtleties to consider when dealing with general distributions defined on a sigma algebra, rather than on a topo... | Singular support | 0.797587 |
91,246 | In statistics, a confidence region is a multi-dimensional generalization of a confidence interval. It is a set of points in an n-dimensional space, often represented as an ellipsoid around a point which is an estimated solution to a problem, although other shapes can occur. | Error ellipse | 0.797586 |
91,247 | }}-{\frac {(s)_{7}}{7! }}+\cdots } which can be recognized as resembling the Taylor series for sin x, with (s)n standing in the place of xn. In analytic number theory it is of interest to sum ∑ k = 0 B k z k , {\displaystyle \!\sum _{k=0}B_{k}z^{k},} where B are the Bernoulli numbers. | Table of Newtonian series | 0.797586 |
91,248 | Biomedicine is the application of natural sciences and biology to the diagnosis of a disease. Often in the Western culture, this is ethnomedicine. Examples of this practice can be found in medical archives and oral history projects.The concept of folk medicine was taken up by professional anthropologists in the first h... | Medical anthropology | 0.797586 |
91,249 | The calcium salt of atorvastatin is marketed under the trade name Lipitor for the lowering of blood cholesterol. The first enantioselective medicinal chemistry route to atorvastatin relied on a diastereoselective aldol reaction with a chiral ester to set one of the two alcohol stereocenters. In the commercial route to ... | Chiral auxiliary | 0.797586 |
91,250 | researcher in the division of Lithographic Materials and Chemical Engineering, AT&T Bell Laboratories, 1992–1993 researcher in the Corporate Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, 1990 researcher for the Energy Research Center, 1984–1986 == References == | Kathryn Uhrich | 0.797586 |
91,251 | In software engineering and programming language theory, the abstraction principle (or the principle of abstraction) is a basic dictum that aims to reduce duplication of information in a program (usually with emphasis on code duplication) whenever practical by making use of abstractions provided by the programming lang... | Abstraction principle (computer programming) | 0.797585 |
91,252 | A 2011 paper from DIW Berlin modeled the deployment of various renewable energy technologies until 2030 and quantified the associated economic effects. The uptake of renewable energy simultaneously creates business opportunities and imposes social costs for promotion. The study reveals that the continued expansion of r... | German Renewable Energy Sources Act | 0.797585 |
91,253 | Tawfique Hasan is a Bangladeshi scientist who is Professor of Nanomaterials at the University of Cambridge. He leads the nanoengineering group in the Cambridge graphene centre and serves as deputy head of division B (electrical engineering) in the Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge. | Tawfique Hasan | 0.797585 |
91,254 | Shore's splitting theorem: Let A be α {\displaystyle \alpha } recursively enumerable and regular. There exist α {\displaystyle \alpha } recursively enumerable B 0 , B 1 {\displaystyle B_{0},B_{1}} such that A = B 0 ∪ B 1 ∧ B 0 ∩ B 1 = ∅ ∧ A ≰ α B i ( i < 2 ) . {\displaystyle A=B_{0}\cup B_{1}\wedge B_{0}\cap B_{1}=\var... | Alpha recursion theory | 0.797585 |
91,255 | During the conference on Neutron Physics by Time-of-Flight, held at Gatlinburg, Tennessee, November 1 and 2, 1956, Wigner delivered a presentation on the theoretical arrangement of neighboring neutron resonances (with matching spin and parity) in heavy nuclei. In the presentation he gave the following guess:Perhaps I a... | Wigner surmise | 0.797585 |
91,256 | The first biologically occurring initial substance for tropane expansion into anatoxin-a was cocaine, which has similar stereochemistry to anatoxin-a. Cocaine is first converted into the endo isomer of cyclopropane, which is then photolytically cleaved to obtain an alpha, beta unsaturated ketone. Through the use of die... | Anatoxin-a | 0.797585 |
91,257 | Over this period, few other disciplines have seen as many changes as the quality profession. The quality profession grew from simple control to engineering, to systems engineering. Quality control activities were predominant in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. The 1970s were an era of quality engineering and the 1990s saw ... | Quality Management System | 0.797584 |
91,258 | Hugh Christopher Longuet-Higgins (11 April 1923 – 27 March 2004) was a British scholar and teacher. He was the Professor of Theoretical Chemistry at the University of Cambridge for 13 years until 1967 when he moved to the University of Edinburgh to work in the developing field of cognitive science. He made many signifi... | Christopher Longuet-Higgins | 0.797584 |
91,259 | Daniel Quillen showed that the Bass conjecture holds for all (regular, depending on the version of the conjecture) rings or schemes of dimension ≤ 1, i.e., algebraic curves over finite fields and the spectrum of the ring of integers in a number field. The (non-regular) ring A = Z/x2 has an infinitely generated K1(A). | Bass conjecture | 0.797583 |
91,260 | The Drake equation speculates about the existence of sapient life elsewhere in the universe. The science of extraterrestrial life is known as astrobiology. Speculation about the possibility of inhabited worlds beyond Earth dates back to antiquity. | Extraterrestrial ecosystem | 0.797583 |
91,261 | Bernstein–Greene–Kruskal modes (a.k.a. BGK modes) are nonlinear electrostatic waves that propagate in an unmagnetized, collisionless plasma. They are nonlinear solutions to the Vlasov–Poisson equation in plasma physics, and are named after physicists Ira B. Bernstein, John M. Greene, and Martin D. Kruskal, who solved a... | BGK modes | 0.797583 |
91,262 | They are all placed on the same motherboard. The Algebra FX series runs on a 16-bit microprocessor, the NEC V30MX. The microprocessor is tuned at a clock frequency of 8 megahertz and supports the Intel 8088 instruction set. | Casio Algebra FX Series | 0.797582 |
91,263 | In chemistry, a hydride is formally the anion of hydrogen (H−), a hydrogen atom with two electrons. The term is applied loosely. At one extreme, all compounds containing covalently bound H atoms are called hydrides: water (H2O) is a hydride of oxygen, ammonia is a hydride of nitrogen, etc. For inorganic chemists, hydri... | Covalent hydride | 0.797582 |
91,264 | In higher voltage Schottky devices, in particular, the guard ring structure needed to control breakdown field geometry creates a parasitic p–n diode with the usual recovery time attributes. As long as this guard ring diode is not forward biased, it adds only capacitance. If the Schottky junction is driven hard enough h... | Schottky Barrier Diode | 0.797582 |
91,265 | The minisuperspace in physics, especially in theories of quantum gravity, is an approximation of the otherwise infinite-dimensional phase space of a field theory. The phase space is reduced by considering the largest wavelength modes to be of the order of the size of the universe when studying cosmological models and r... | Minisuperspace | 0.797582 |
91,266 | A detailed overview of how the worm works – along with the password dictionary Morto uses – was done by Imperva. July 13: the ZeroAccess rootkit (also known as Sirefef or max++) was discovered. September 1: Duqu is a worm thought to be related to the Stuxnet worm. The Laboratory of Cryptography and System Security (Cry... | Timeline of computer viruses and worms | 0.797582 |
91,267 | However, the small spatial scale of the current sheet makes the Magnetic Reynolds Number small and so this alone can make the diffusion term dominate in the induction equation without the resistivity being enhanced. When the diffusing field lines from the two sites of the boundary touch they form the separatrices and s... | Magnetic reconnection | 0.797582 |
91,268 | The maternal mortality ratio is a key performance indicator (KPI) for efforts to improve the health and safety of mothers before, during, and after childbirth per country worldwide. Often referred to as MMR, it is the annual number of female deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by preg... | Maternal mortality ratio | 0.797581 |
91,269 | Explorer 49 (also called Radio Astronomy Explorer-2, RAE-B) was a NASA 328 kg (723 lb) satellite launched on 10 June 1973, for long wave radio astronomy research. It had four 230 m (750 ft) X-shaped antenna elements, which made it one of the largest spacecraft ever built. | Explorer 49 | 0.797581 |
91,270 | In ac-SECM a sinusoidal bias is applied to the dc bias of the SECM probe allowing the impedance of a sample to be measured, as is the case in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Unlike dc-SECM techniques ac-SECM does not require the use of a redox mediator. This is particularly advantageous for measurements where t... | Scanning electrochemical microscopy | 0.79758 |
91,271 | Given a class function G: V → V (where V is the class of all sets), there exists a unique transfinite sequence F: Ord → V (where Ord is the class of all ordinals) such that F ( α ) = G ( F ↾ α ) {\displaystyle F(\alpha )=G(F\upharpoonright \alpha )} for all ordinals α, where ↾ {\displaystyle \upharpoonright } denotes t... | Transfinite induction | 0.79758 |
91,272 | In molecular biology, a downstream promoter element (DPE) is a core promoter element. Like all core promoters, the DPE plays an important role in the initiation of gene transcription by RNA polymerase II. The DPE was first described by T. W. Burke and James T. Kadonaga in Drosophila melanogaster at the University of Ca... | Downstream promoter element | 0.79758 |
91,273 | The BioJava project grew out of work by Thomas Down and Matthew Pocock to create an API to simplify development of Java-based Bioinformatics tools. BioJava is an active open source project that has been developed over more than 12 years and by more than 60 developers. BioJava is one of a number of Bio* projects designe... | BioJava | 0.79758 |
91,274 | In computer science terms, there have been few significant developments in the 2010s. The BitTorrent protocol and clients have become more stable, adopting UDP to defend against transmission problems related to TCP. IPv6 support increased with clients and trackers. | File sharing timeline | 0.79758 |
91,275 | Hermann Staudinger (German pronunciation: ; 23 March 1881 – 8 September 1965) was a German organic chemist who demonstrated the existence of macromolecules, which he characterized as polymers. For this work he received the 1953 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He is also known for his discovery of ketenes and of the Stauding... | Hermann Staudinger | 0.797579 |
91,276 | In chemistry, tetrahydroxozincate or tetrahydroxidozincate is a divalent anion (negative ion) with formula Zn(OH)2−4, with a central zinc atom in the +2 or (II) valence state coordinated to four hydroxide groups. It has Sp3 hybridization. It is the most common of the zincate anions, and is often called just zincate. | Tetrahydroxozincate | 0.797579 |
91,277 | The Australasian Journal of Combinatorics is a triannual peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering combinatorics. It was established in 1990 and is published by the Centre for Discrete Mathematics and Computing (University of Queensland) on behalf of the Combinatorial Mathematics Society of Australasia. Ori... | Australasian Journal of Combinatorics | 0.797579 |
91,278 | In quantum mechanics, the vacuum itself should experience quantum fluctuations. In general relativity, those quantum fluctuations constitute energy that would add to the cosmological constant. However, this calculated vacuum energy density is many orders of magnitude bigger than the observed cosmological constant. Orig... | Cosmological constant problem | 0.797579 |
91,279 | Chatbots that leverage machine learning will continue to grow and develop larger content bases for more complex responses.More frequently, companies are leveraging chatbots as a way to offload simple questions and transactions from human agents. These chatbots provide the option to assist a user, but then directly tran... | Conversational interface | 0.797579 |
91,280 | Then, basing on the divergence theorem, we can transform this integral in a boundary integral of the flux: ∮ ∂ V m F d s = 0 . {\displaystyle \oint _{\partial V_{m}}\mathbf {F} \,ds=\mathbf {0} .} This global form simply states that there is no net flux of a conserved quantity passing through a region in the case stead... | Euler Equations (fluid dynamics) | 0.797579 |
91,281 | The uncertainty principle requires any amplifier or detector to have noise.Macroscopic manifestations of quantum phenomena are easily disturbed, so quantum noise is mainly observed in systems where conventional sources of noise are suppressed. In general, noise is uncontrolled random variation from an expected value an... | Quantum noise | 0.797579 |
91,282 | His promotion coincided with a health-crisis which led to his accepting, albeit reluctantly, some nursing services at home. At the same time, he was also making a transition in his approach to physics, becoming more intuitive and speculative rather than insisting on mathematical proofs. "I would rather be right than ri... | Stephen Hawking | 0.797579 |
91,283 | : 101–103 E.g., this does not work: However, a lambda expression can take part in type inference and can be used as a method argument, e.g. to use anonymous functions with the Map capability available with System.Collections.Generic.List (in the ConvertAll() method): Prior versions of C# had more limited support for an... | Anonymous functions | 0.797579 |
91,284 | Differentiable programming is a programming paradigm in which a numeric computer program can be differentiated throughout via automatic differentiation. This allows for gradient-based optimization of parameters in the program, often via gradient descent, as well as other learning approaches that are based on higher ord... | Differentiable programming | 0.797579 |
91,285 | Another significant finding from the honey bee genome study was that the western honey bee was the first insect to be discovered with a functional DNA methylation system since functional key enzymes (DNA methyltransferase-1 and -3) were identified in the genome. DNA methylation is one of the important mechanisms in epi... | Western honeybee | 0.797579 |
91,286 | Episode 1 takes Hawking from black holes to the Big Bang, Saturn to Santa Barbara, California. Episode 2 finds Hawking in search of the theory of everything. He also discusses the Great Filter solution to the Fermi paradox and the dangers of artificial intelligence in a visit to Proxima Centauri b. Episode 3 continues ... | Stephen Hawking's Favorite Places | 0.797579 |
91,287 | In biology, and specifically genetics, epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene activity which are not caused by changes in the DNA sequence; the term can also be used to describe the study of stable, long-term alterations in the transcriptional potential of a cell that are not necessarily heritable.Exampl... | Behavioral epigenetics | 0.797578 |
91,288 | The academy has elected about 1,700 Swedish and 1,200 foreign members since it was founded in 1739. Today the academy has about 470 Swedish and 175 foreign members which are divided into ten "classes", representing ten various scientific disciplines: Mathematics Astronomy and space science Physics Chemistry Geosciences... | Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence | 0.797578 |
91,289 | NIS is specializing in commercial manufacturing of nanoparticles of Inorganic Fullerene-like Tungsten Disulfide (IF-WS2). The particles are called Inorganic Fullerene-like (IF), because of the near spherical geometry and a hollow core – similar to carbon fullerenes. The name “fullerenes” or “buckyballs” came from the a... | ApNano | 0.797578 |
91,290 | In computer science, interactive computing refers to software which accepts input from the user as it runs. Interactive software includes commonly used programs, such as word processors or spreadsheet applications. By comparison, non-interactive programs operate without user intervention; examples of these include comp... | Interactive computing | 0.797578 |
91,291 | For positive integers, this proof can be geometrized: if one considers the quantity xn as the volume of the n-cube (the hypercube in n dimensions), then the derivative is the change in the volume as the side length is changed – this is xn−1, which can be interpreted as the area of n faces, each of dimension n − 1 (fixi... | Cavalieri's quadrature formula | 0.797578 |
91,292 | Modern treatments of modal logic begin by augmenting the propositional calculus with two unary operations, one denoting "necessity" and the other "possibility". The notation of C. I. Lewis, much employed since, denotes "necessarily p" by a prefixed "box" (□p) whose scope is established by parentheses. Likewise, a prefi... | Alethic modal logic | 0.797577 |
91,293 | The Feature Store is where the features are stored and organized for the explicit purpose of being used to either train models (by data scientists) or make predictions (by applications that have a trained model). It is a central location where you can either create or update groups of features created from multiple dif... | Feature engineering | 0.797577 |
91,294 | In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a transformation matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example, using the convention below, the matrix R = {\displaystyle R={\begin{bmatrix}\cos \theta &-\sin \theta \\\sin \theta &\cos \theta \end{bmatrix}}} rotates points in the xy plane countercloc... | Rotation matrix | 0.797577 |
91,295 | BioTech Foods is a Spanish biotechnology company dedicated to the development of cultured meat from the cultivation of muscle cells previously extracted from animals. | BioTech Foods | 0.797576 |
91,296 | It is a pyramidal molecule with approximate C3v symmetry. The C–P–C bond angles are approximately 98.6°.The C–P–C bond angles are consistent with the notion that phosphorus predominantly uses the 3p orbitals for forming bonds and that there is little sp hybridization of the phosphorus atom. The latter is a common featu... | Trimethylphosphine | 0.797576 |
91,297 | He was educated at Caludon Castle School, Coventry, and Imperial College, London, graduating with first class honours in physics in 1968. He was awarded a Ph.D by Imperial in 1972. He had a visiting Scholarship at the University of Colorado in 1972–73 before returning to Imperial, where he became a Lecturer in 1982, Re... | Stan Cowley | 0.797576 |
91,298 | Big data refers to data generated in high volume, high variety, and high velocity that require new technologies of processing to enable better decision making, knowledge discovery and process optimization. Sometimes, the feature of veracity is also added to emphasize the quality and integrity of the data. However, for ... | Industrial big data | 0.797576 |
91,299 | Phys., 1905, 18, p. 941) founded his theory of aberrations on the differential geometry of surfaces.The aberrations of the third order are: (1) aberration of the axis point; (2) aberration of points whose distance from the axis is very small, less than of the third order — the deviation from the sine condition and coma... | Seidel aberration | 0.797576 |
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