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91,400 | Web-based simulation is used in several contexts: In e-learning, various principles can quickly be illustrated to students by means of interactive computer animations, for example during lecture demonstrations and computer exercises. In distance learning, web-based simulation may provide an alternative to installing ex... | Web based simulation | 0.797556 |
91,401 | in 2004 and Doktor nauk degree in 2014. Pechen is known for the research in quantum mechanics, quantum control, statistical mechanics, open quantum systems and mathematical physics. From 2000 to 2003, Pechen stayed as a visiting researcher at the University of Rome Tor Vergata. | Alexander Pechen | 0.797556 |
91,402 | Based on their extensive study of CFD software tools for microfluidic applications, researchers at IMTEK, University of Freiburg concluded that generally CFD-ACE+ can be recommended for simulation of free surface flows involving capillary forces.CFD-ACE+ has also been used to design and optimize the various fuel cell c... | CFD-ACE+ | 0.797556 |
91,403 | The development of mobile computing (PDAs, tablet PCs, laptops, etc.) has recently (since about 2000) spurred the use of digital mapping in the sciences and applied sciences. As of 2009, science fields that use digital mapping technology include geology (see Digital geologic mapping), engineering, architecture, land su... | Digital Mapping | 0.797556 |
91,404 | The most energetic photons (up to 16 TeV) observed from an extragalactic object originate from the blazar, Markarian 501 (Mrk 501). These measurements were done by the High-Energy-Gamma-Ray Astronomy (HEGRA) air Cherenkov telescopes. Gamma-ray astronomy observations are still limited by non-gamma-ray backgrounds at low... | Gamma ray astronomy | 0.797555 |
91,405 | In 2014, a joint paper by Michael J. Griffin, Ono, and S. Ole Warnaar provided a framework for the Rogers–Ramanujan identities and their arithmetic properties, solving a long-standing mystery stemming from the work of Ramanujan. The findings yield new formulas for algebraic numbers. Their work was ranked 15th among the... | Ken Ono | 0.797555 |
91,406 | The signature of such dynamics is the development of coherence causing extra dissipation. Surprisingly the dynamics leading to friction is quantized meaning that frictionless solutions to the adiabatic expansion/compression can be found in finite time. As a result, optimization has to be carried out only with respect t... | Quantum heat engines | 0.797555 |
91,407 | Whereas Albert Einstein described Maxwell's work as "the most profound and the most fruitful that physics has experienced since the time of Newton," commentators of the era between Fresnel and Maxwell made similarly strong statements about Fresnel: MacCullagh, as early as 1830, wrote that Fresnel's mechanical theory of... | Augustin-Jean Fresnel | 0.797555 |
91,408 | In linear algebra, Weyl's inequality is a theorem about the changes to eigenvalues of an Hermitian matrix that is perturbed. It can be used to estimate the eigenvalues of a perturbed Hermitian matrix. | Weyl's inequality | 0.797554 |
91,409 | Kiyoshi Tomizuka: Two-stroke engine specialistBorn in 1893, Tomizuka studied mechanical engineering at Tokyo Imperial University. After a period of aeronautical research he went to Europe, and on his return to Japan in 1923, became a leading figure in two-stroke technology. He continued to lecture at various universiti... | Japan Automotive Hall of Fame | 0.797554 |
91,410 | He holds a PhD in Human Genetics (1988) from Yale University, where he also completed postdoctoral research (1989). Subsequently, he became a researcher at the Academia Sinica. In 2022 Tang was elected a Member of the Academia Sinica, where he is a Distinguished Research Fellow at the Institute of Biomedical Sciences. ... | Tang K. Tang | 0.797554 |
91,411 | Born in Tehran (Iran), Cont obtained his undergraduate degree from Ecole Polytechnique (France), a master's degree in theoretical physics from Ecole Normale Superieure and a degree in Chinese Language from Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales. His doctoral thesis focused on the application of Lévy ... | Rama Cont | 0.797554 |
91,412 | As a natural vibrator, the string will oscillate with specific modes (the standing waves of a string in harmonic resonance), dependent on the length of the string. In classical physics, a radiator of energy will act as a natural vibrator. Additionally, since each mode will have the same energy, most of the energy in a ... | UV catastrophe | 0.797554 |
91,413 | Charles Louis Critchfield (June 7, 1910 – February 12, 1994) was an American mathematical physicist. A graduate of George Washington University, where he earned his PhD in physics under the direction of Edward Teller in 1939, he conducted research in ballistics at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and the B... | Charles Critchfield | 0.797554 |
91,414 | The oldest definitions of trigonometric functions, related to right-angle triangles, define them only for acute angles. To extend the sine and cosine functions to functions whose domain is the whole real line, geometrical definitions using the standard unit circle (i.e., a circle with radius 1 unit) are often used; the... | Cotangent (trigonometric function) | 0.797554 |
91,415 | Studies published in the journals Nature and Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences in 1996 and 1998 were important contributions in the field of thermoregulation in plants. Two other species known to be able to regulate their temperature include Symplocarpus foetidus and Philodendron selloum.Lotus seeds can r... | Indian lotus | 0.797554 |
91,416 | The journal has a two-stage publication process. In the first stage, papers that pass a rapid access peer-review are immediately published on the Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions forum website. They are then subject to interactive public peer review, including the referees' comments (anonymous or attribute... | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics | 0.797553 |
91,417 | Peter Thomas Gallagher is an Irish astrophysicist. He specialises in solar physics, notably solar storms and their impact on the Earth. He is Senior Professor, and Head of Astronomy and Astrophysics, at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, director of Dunsink Observatory, and an adjunct professor at Trinity Colle... | Peter T. Gallagher | 0.797553 |
91,418 | Microbial phylogenetics emerged as a field of study in the 1960s, scientists started to create genealogical trees based on differences in the order of amino acids of proteins and nucleotides of genes instead of using comparative anatomy and physiology.One of the most important figures in the early stage of this field i... | Microbial phylogenetics | 0.797553 |
91,419 | Alfred Tarski (, born Alfred Teitelbaum; January 14, 1901 – October 26, 1983) was a Polish-American logician and mathematician. A prolific author best known for his work on model theory, metamathematics, and algebraic logic, he also contributed to abstract algebra, topology, geometry, measure theory, mathematical logic... | Alfred Tarski | 0.797553 |
91,420 | For a given, single point one can do this and not leave a common factor p. However singularity theory enters: a non-singular point may become a singular point on reduction modulo p, because the Zariski tangent space can become larger when linear terms reduce to 0 (the geometric formulation shows it is not the fault of ... | Lang conjecture on analytically hyperbolic varieties | 0.797553 |
91,421 | As data collection and data sharing become routine and data analysis and big data become common ideas in the news, business, government and society, it becomes more and more important for students, citizens, and readers to have some data literacy. The concept is associated with data science, which is concerned with dat... | Data literacy | 0.797553 |
91,422 | Evolvability is literally defined as the ability to evolve. In terms of genetics, evolvability is the ability of a genetic system to produce and maintain potentially adaptive genetic variants. There are several aspects of genetic architecture that contribute strongly to the evolvability of a system, including autonomy,... | Genetic architecture | 0.797552 |
91,423 | This configuration is self dual. Since, in particular, the lines B c , b C , X Y {\displaystyle Bc,bC,XY} have the properties of the lines x , y , z {\displaystyle x,y,z} of the dual theorem, and collinearity of X , Y , Z {\displaystyle X,Y,Z} is equivalent to concurrence of B c , b C , X Y {\displaystyle Bc,bC,XY} , t... | Pappian plane | 0.797552 |
91,424 | The development of an axiom system for oriented matroids was initiated by R. Tyrrell Rockafellar to describe the sign patterns of the matrices arising through the pivoting operations of Dantzig's simplex algorithm; Rockafellar was inspired by Albert W. Tucker's studies of such sign patterns in "Tucker tableaux". The th... | Folkman–Lawrence topological representation theorem | 0.797552 |
91,425 | The laboratories at the University of Liverpool and the University of Oxford experimented with different types of isotope separation. Chadwick's group at Liverpool dealt with thermal diffusion, which worked based on the principle that different isotopes of uranium diffuse at different speeds because of the equipartitio... | Tube Alloys | 0.797552 |
91,426 | This is a fundamental result in Diophantine approximation, showing that any real number has a sequence of good rational approximations: in fact an immediate consequence is that for a given irrational α, the inequality 0 < | α − p q | < 1 q 2 {\displaystyle 0<\left|\alpha -{\frac {p}{q}}\right|<{\frac {1}{q^{2}}}} is sa... | Dirichlet's theorem on diophantine approximation | 0.797552 |
91,427 | One of the most studied atomic ordering is CuPt type ordering in III-V semiconductor alloy in chemistry and physics. It occurs in III-V alloy when the cation planes take an alternate sequence of A-rich and B-rich plane following AxB1−xC. The resulting structure is usually called as superlattice-like structure along or... | Cu-Pt type ordering in III-V semiconductor | 0.797552 |
91,428 | Hassabis is the CEO and co-founder of DeepMind, a machine learning AI startup, founded in London in 2010 with Shane Legg and Mustafa Suleyman. Hassabis met Legg when both were postdocs at the Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit, and he and Suleyman had been friends through family. Hassabis also recruited his univers... | Demis Hassabis | 0.797551 |
91,429 | A compiler-compiler is a compiler that produces a compiler (or part of one), often in a generic and reusable way so as to be able to produce many differing compilers. A compiler is likely to perform some or all of the following operations, often called phases: preprocessing, lexical analysis, parsing, semantic analysis... | Compiler design | 0.797551 |
91,430 | Clinical neurochemistry is the field of neurological biochemistry which relates biochemical phenomena to clinical symptomatic manifestations in humans. While neurochemistry is mostly associated with the effects of neurotransmitters and similarly functioning chemicals on neurons themselves, clinical neurochemistry relat... | Clinical neurochemistry | 0.797551 |
91,431 | Nascent hydrogen is an outdated concept in organic chemistry that was once invoked to explain dissolving-metal reactions, such as the Clemmensen reduction and the Bouveault–Blanc reduction. Since organic compounds do not react with H2, a special state of hydrogen was postulated. It is now understood that dissolving-met... | Active hydrogen | 0.797551 |
91,432 | Therefore, with the exception of ±1, the factors of (p − 1)! can be arranged in disjoint pairs such that product of each pair is congruent to 1 modulo p. This proves Wilson's theorem. For example, for p = 11, one has | Wilson's theorem | 0.797551 |
91,433 | This C H − π {\displaystyle CH-\pi } interaction strongly depends on the stereochemistry of the carbohydrate molecule. For example, consider the top ( β {\displaystyle \beta } ) and bottom ( α {\displaystyle \alpha } ) faces of β {\displaystyle \beta } -D-Glucose and β {\displaystyle \beta } -D-Galactose. It has been s... | Glycan-protein interactions | 0.797551 |
91,434 | This includes development of novel methods and tools for perception, mapping and path planning. Over the years research has extended in the fields of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), Aerial Robotics and machine vision. Recently there's been an emphasis on computer vision and Machine learning for improving ... | IISc Guidance, Control and Decision Systems Laboratory | 0.797551 |
91,435 | It is easy to see that two Riemann surfaces with the same genus are homeomorphic since as topological space since they are obtained by identifying sides of a 4g-sided polygon—a Euclidean polygon in the Klein model—by diffeomorphisms between paired sides. Applying this construction to the regular 4g-sided polygon allows... | Fundamental polygon | 0.797551 |
91,436 | He worked on the development of the umbral calculus. Lucas was also interested in recreational mathematics. He found an elegant binary solution to the Baguenaudier puzzle. | Édouard Lucas | 0.797551 |
91,437 | As such it is a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form, a type (0, 2) tensor. It accepts two arguments up, vp, vectors in TpM, p ∈ M, the tangent space at p in M. Due to the above-mentioned canonical identification of TpM with M itself, it accepts arguments u, v with both u and v in M. As a notational convention, vector... | Minkowski tensor | 0.79755 |
91,438 | The initiative hosted the NASA Spaceward Bound project and ESA astronaut training. The centre also launched numerous education initiatives. For example, the Centre set up and hosted the astrobiology academy, an initiative to bring teachers together to develop curriculum and lesson plans that used astrobiology to teach ... | UK Centre for Astrobiology | 0.79755 |
91,439 | Because Direct3D IHV drivers are kernel-mode, and the user-mode code is out of the IHV's hand, there is no chance for such optimizations to occur. Because the Direct3D runtime, the user-mode part that implements the API, cannot have explicit knowledge of the driver's inner workings, it cannot effectively support marsha... | Comparison of OpenGL and Direct3D | 0.79755 |
91,440 | However, it is true that the topology of a uniformizable space can always be induced by a family of pseudometrics; indeed, this is because any uniformity on a set X can be defined by a family of pseudometrics. Showing that a space is uniformizable is much simpler than showing it is metrizable. In fact, uniformizability... | Fine uniformity | 0.79755 |
91,441 | Rearranging the first equation, we obtain the Helmholtz equation: Likewise, after making the substitution ω = kc, where k is the wave number, and ω is the angular frequency (assuming a monochromatic field), the second equation becomes We now have Helmholtz's equation for the spatial variable r and a second-order ordina... | Helmholtz equation | 0.79755 |
91,442 | By means of this he shows in Book 1 that, in units of which the radius of the earth is one, the least distance of the moon is 71, and the greatest 83. Hence the mean is 77... Then again he himself in Book 2 of "On Sizes and Distances" shows from many considerations that, in units of which the radius of the earth is one... | On Sizes and Distances (Hipparchus) | 0.797549 |
91,443 | In biology, a species (PL: species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of b... | Morphological species concept | 0.797549 |
91,444 | Member of American Association for Artificial Intelligence Member of American Philosophical Society | Ravi Gomatam | 0.797549 |
91,445 | Contrast Enhancement Histogram equalization: use histogram to improve image contrast Adaptive histogram equalization: histogram equalization which adapts to local changes in contrast Connected-component labeling: find and label disjoint regions Dithering and half-toning Error diffusion Floyd–Steinberg dithering Ordered... | Graph algorithm | 0.797549 |
91,446 | Jagadish Chandra Bose was a scientist involved in original microwave research during the 1890s. As officiating professor of physics at Presidency College he involved himself with laboratory experiments and studies involving refraction, diffraction and polarization, as well as transmitters, receivers and various microwa... | History of metamaterials | 0.797548 |
91,447 | The illuminance on a surface depends on how the surface is tilted with respect to the source. For example, a pocket flashlight aimed at a wall will produce a given level of illumination if aimed perpendicular to the wall, but if the flashlight is aimed at increasing angles to the perpendicular (maintaining the same dis... | Nox (unit) | 0.797548 |
91,448 | After her PhD, she held research fellowships in molecular biology at the Massachusetts General Hospital and in genetics at Harvard Medical School. From 1991 to 1994, she was Lucille P. Markey Postdoctoral Scholar in Biomedical Science at the University of Colorado Boulder, where she worked with Thomas Cech. As of 2022,... | Jennifer Doudna | 0.797548 |
91,449 | Arthur Holly Compton (September 10, 1892 – March 15, 1962) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927 for his 1923 discovery of the Compton effect, which demonstrated the particle nature of electromagnetic radiation. It was a sensational discovery at the time: the wave nature of light had been... | Arthur Compton | 0.797547 |
91,450 | WINE is a joint project of Honeybee Robotics, the University of Central Florida (UCF), and Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU) in Florida, meant to facilitate in situ resource utilization (ISRU) of water as a critical part of sustainable and cost-effective space exploration. WINE was conceived by planetary rese... | World Is Not Enough (spacecraft propulsion) | 0.797547 |
91,451 | In geometry, an octahedral prism is a convex uniform 4-polytope. This 4-polytope has 10 polyhedral cells: 2 octahedra connected by 8 triangular prisms. | Octahedral prism | 0.797547 |
91,452 | The use of activating species such as trichloroacetonitrile or acetic anhydride permit mono-esters to be formed, but tri-substituted organophosphates cannot be made in this way. OP(OH)3 + ROH → OP(OH)2(OR) + H2OOxidation of phosphite estersOrganophosphites can be easily oxidised to give organophosphates. This might nor... | Organophosphate resistance | 0.797547 |
91,453 | Margaret Belle (Oakley) Dayhoff (March 11, 1925 – February 5, 1983) was an American physical chemist and a pioneer in the field of bioinformatics. Dayhoff was a professor at Georgetown University Medical Center and a noted research biochemist at the National Biomedical Research Foundation, where she pioneered the appli... | Margaret Oakley Dayhoff | 0.797547 |
91,454 | In the geometry of hyperbolic 4-space, the order-4 24-cell honeycomb is one of two paracompact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs). It is called paracompact because it has infinite vertex figures, with all vertices as ideal points at infinity. With Schläfli symbol {3,4,3,4}, it has four 24-cells around ... | Order-4 24-cell honeycomb | 0.797546 |
91,455 | In biology, the wonderful life theory, also known as contingency theory, postulates that after hundreds of different phyla evolved during the Cambrian period, many of them subsequently became extinct, leaving the relatively few phyla that exist today. The theory was first suggested in 1989 by Stephen Jay Gould in his b... | Wonderful life theory | 0.797546 |
91,456 | In mathematical representation theory, the Hecke algebra of a pair (g,K) is an algebra with an approximate identity, whose approximately unital modules are the same as K-finite representations of the pairs (g,K). Here K is a compact subgroup of a Lie group with Lie algebra g. | Hecke algebra of a pair | 0.797545 |
91,457 | Along with Koch's bacteriologists, Pasteur's group—which preferred the term microbiology—led medicine into the new era of "scientific medicine" upon bacteriology and germ theory. Accepted from Jakob Henle, Koch's steps to confirm a species' pathogenicity became famed as "Koch's postulates". Although his proposed tuberc... | History of medicine | 0.797545 |
91,458 | Anderson, Frank Wylie; Fuller, Kent R (1992), Rings and Categories of Modules, Berlin, New York: Springer-Verlag, ISBN 978-0-387-97845-1, retrieved 30 July 2016 Enochs, Edgar E.; Jenda, Overtoun M. G. (2000), Relative homological algebra, de Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics, vol. 30, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter & Co., ... | Self-injective ring | 0.797545 |
91,459 | The Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR) is a French marine biology and oceanography research and teaching center. Founded by Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers (1821–1901) in 1872, it is at the present time affiliated to the Sorbonne University (SU) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS). | Station biologique de Roscoff | 0.797545 |
91,460 | In 1987 he received the Frank Nelson Cole Prize in Number Theory, one of the prizes in Number Theory, for his solution of Gauss' class number problem for imaginary quadratic fields. He has also held the Sloan Fellowship (1977–1979) and in 1985 he received the Vaughan prize. In 1986 he was an invited speaker at the Inte... | Dorian M. Goldfeld | 0.797544 |
91,461 | Its contents were to include: memoirs on variation, inheritance, and selection in animals and plants, based upon the examination of statistically large numbers of specimens those developments of statistical theory which are applicable to biological problems numerical tables and graphical solutions tending to reduce the... | Biometrika | 0.797544 |
91,462 | In theoretical physics, statistical field theory (SFT) is a theoretical framework that describes phase transitions. It does not denote a single theory but encompasses many models, including for magnetism, superconductivity, superfluidity, topological phase transition, wetting as well as non-equilibrium phase transition... | Statistical field theory | 0.797544 |
91,463 | The ergodic decomposition theorem states that every ergodic system can be split into two parts: the conservative part, and the dissipative part. Mixing is a stronger statement than ergodicity. Mixing asks for this ergodic property to hold between any two sets A , B {\displaystyle A,B} , and not just between some set A ... | Ergodicity | 0.797544 |
91,464 | In population ecology and economics, optimum sustainable yield is the level of effort (LOE) that maximizes the difference between total revenue and total cost. Or, where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. This level of effort maximizes the economic profit, or rent, of the resource being utilized. It usually corresp... | Optimum sustainable yield | 0.797544 |
91,465 | In molecular biology, the OmpA domain is a conserved protein domain with a beta/alpha/beta/alpha-beta(2) structure found in the C-terminal region of many Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane proteins, such as porin-like integral membrane proteins (such as ompA), small lipid-anchored proteins (such as pal), and MotB p... | OmpA domain | 0.797544 |
91,466 | Features from accelerated segment test (FAST) is a corner detection method, which could be used to extract feature points and later used to track and map objects in many computer vision tasks. The FAST corner detector was originally developed by Edward Rosten and Tom Drummond, and was published in 2006. The most promis... | Features from accelerated segment test | 0.797543 |
91,467 | The Edge of the Wedge Theorem of BOT has many other applications. For example, it can be used to show that, in the presence of (spontaneous) violations of Lorentz invariance, micro-causality (locality), together with positivity of the energy, implies Lorentz invariance of the energy- momentum spectrum. Together with Ma... | Reinhard Oehme | 0.797543 |
91,468 | Research into causes has been hampered by the inability to identify biologically meaningful subgroups within the autistic population and by the traditional boundaries between the disciplines of psychiatry, psychology, neurology and pediatrics. Newer technologies such as fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging can help identi... | Autism Spectrum Disorder | 0.797543 |
91,469 | Adhesive which allows mussels to stick to rocks, piers, and boat hulls inspired bioadhesive gel for blood vessels. The field of bionics has inspired new aircraft designs which offer greater agility along with other advantages. This has been described by Geoff Spedding, Måns Rosén, and Anders Hedenström in an article in... | Biologically inspired engineering | 0.797543 |
91,470 | To determine the crystallographic orientation of the grains in the considered sample, the following software packages are in use: Fable and GrainSpotter. Reconstructing the 3D shape of the grains is nontrivial and three approaches are available to do so, respectively based on simple back-projection, forward projection,... | Three-dimensional X-ray diffraction | 0.797543 |
91,471 | The Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology is a continuous peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all areas of fundamental and applied biology. It was established in 1946 as the Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnologia, publishing in Portuguese. It obtained its current name in 1998, when it switched to publication in... | Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology | 0.797542 |
91,472 | In algebra and algebraic geometry, the multi-homogeneous Bézout theorem is a generalization to multi-homogeneous polynomials of Bézout's theorem, which counts the number of isolated common zeros of a set of homogeneous polynomials. This generalization is due to Igor Shafarevich. | Multi-homogeneous Bézout theorem | 0.797541 |
91,473 | In mathematics, more specifically in general topology and related branches, a net or Moore–Smith sequence is a generalization of the notion of a sequence. In essence, a sequence is a function whose domain is the natural numbers. The codomain of this function is usually some topological space. The motivation for general... | Moore–Smith limit | 0.797541 |
91,474 | In chemistry, a condenser is laboratory apparatus used to condense vapors – that is, turn them into liquids – by cooling them down.Condensers are routinely used in laboratory operations such as distillation, reflux, and extraction. In distillation, a mixture is heated until the more volatile components boil off, the va... | Allihn condenser | 0.797541 |
91,475 | In statistics, "random sample" is the typical terminology, but in probability it is more common to say "IID". Identically distributed means that there are no overall trends–the distribution doesn't fluctuate and all items in the sample are taken from the same probability distribution. Independent means that the sample ... | Independent and identically-distributed random variables | 0.797541 |
91,476 | Aqueous geochemistry studies the role of various elements in natural waters, including copper, sulfur, and mercury. Researchers in this field also study how elemental fluxes are exchanged through interactions between the atmosphere, the earth or soil (terrestrial interactions) and bodies of water (aquatic interactions)... | Aqueous geochemistry | 0.797541 |
91,477 | This σ-algebra is a subalgebra of the Borel σ-algebra determined by the product topology of R T {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{\mathbb {T} }} restricted to X . {\displaystyle X.} An important special case is when T {\displaystyle \mathbb {T} } is the set of natural numbers and X {\displaystyle X} is a set of real-valued ... | Join (sigma algebra) | 0.797541 |
91,478 | The edge chromatic number of a graph G is very closely related to the maximum degree Δ(G), the largest number of edges incident to any single vertex of G. Clearly, χ′(G) ≥ Δ(G), for if Δ different edges all meet at the same vertex v, then all of these edges need to be assigned different colors from each other, and that... | Edge coloring | 0.797541 |
91,479 | The subfield also indexes the following: Geodetic Astronomy, Space geodesy, Gravimetry, and geodetic methods for solving geodynamic problems. The results of geodetic measurements are given mathematical interpretations. Surveying Instruments, and their study are also included.This subfield also includes documents about ... | VINITI Database RAS | 0.79754 |
91,480 | Dussan graduated from Stony Brook University in 1967, and earned her Ph.D. in 1972 from Johns Hopkins University. Her dissertation, On the Motion of a Line Common to Three Different Materials, was supervised by applied mathematician Stephen H. Davis.She is retired as a scientist for the Schlumberger-Doll Research Cente... | Elizabeth B. Dussan V. | 0.79754 |
91,481 | The variety of fonts available led Hoüel to another notational innovation: A designates a point, a and a are algebraic quantities, and in the equation for a quaternion A = cos α + A sin α , {\displaystyle {\mathcal {A}}=\cos \alpha +\mathbf {A} \sin \alpha ,} A is a vector and α is an angle. This style of quaternio... | History of quaternions | 0.79754 |
91,482 | The Society supports mathematics in the UK through its grant schemes. These schemes provide support for mathematicians at different stages in their careers. The Society’s grants include research grants for mathematicians, early career researchers and computer scientists working at the interface of mathematics and compu... | Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society | 0.79754 |
91,483 | Henryk A. Witek is a chemist of Polish origin, and is a Professor of Chemistry in the National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. He obtained his scientific degrees from the Jagiellonian University (MS) and the University of Tokyo (PhD). His research interests encompass quantum and physical chemistry, applied line... | Henryk Witek | 0.79754 |
91,484 | Leopoldo Avelino Pando Zayas grew up in Cuba. In 1989, when he was a high school student, he won the Silver Medal in the International Physics Olympiad, which took place that year in Warsaw, Poland.Pando Zayas received his M.S. degree in physics in 1995, and his PhD in 1998, both from Moscow State University in Russia.... | Leopoldo Pando Zayas | 0.79754 |
91,485 | In algebraic geometry, a Du Val singularity, also called simple surface singularity, Kleinian singularity, or rational double point, is an isolated singularity of a complex surface which is modeled on a double branched cover of the plane, with minimal resolution obtained by replacing the singular point with a tree of s... | Du Val singularities | 0.79754 |
91,486 | In mathematical physics, the future tube is the tube domain associated to the interior of the past null cone in Minkowski space, and has applications in relativity theory and quantum gravity. Certain tubes over cones support a Bergman metric in terms of which they become bounded symmetric domains. One of these is the S... | Tube domain | 0.79754 |
91,487 | The trend for young doctors and nurses to seek higher salaries and better working conditions, mainly in higher-income countries of the West, is having serious impacts on the health care sector in Ghana. Ghana currently has about 3,600 doctors—one for every 6,700 inhabitants. This compares with one doctor per 430 people... | Brain drain | 0.79754 |
91,488 | In the past costly and inefficient tag and recapture studies were needed to discover such migration patterns. Today otolith microchemistry provides a simpler way to assess migration patterns of fish. Otolith microchemistry has been used to identify and delineate Atlantic cod stocks in Canadian waters. | Otolith microchemical analysis | 0.79754 |
91,489 | The Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau equation (DKP equation, also called Duffin–Kemmer equation or Kemmer equation) plays a role in the description of the standard model of particles, together with the Yang-Mills field. The Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau equation is closely linked to the Proca equation and the Klein–Gordon equation. The DKP... | Nicholas Kemmer | 0.797539 |
91,490 | The Bloomberg Distinguished Professorship program was established in 2013, by a gift from Michael Bloomberg to recruit faculty with considerable accomplishments as interdisciplinary researchers and in excellence in teaching. Ha holds joint appointments in the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine's department of Biophysics ... | Taekjip Ha | 0.797539 |
91,491 | In mathematics, the arithmetic of abelian varieties is the study of the number theory of an abelian variety, or a family of abelian varieties. It goes back to the studies of Pierre de Fermat on what are now recognized as elliptic curves; and has become a very substantial area of arithmetic geometry both in terms of res... | Manin–Mumford conjecture | 0.797539 |
91,492 | Carnap took a similar line with the controversy over the reality of the external world. While the logical positivism movement is now considered dead (with Ayer, a major proponent, admitting in a 1979 TV interview that "nearly all of it was false"), it has continued to influence philosophy development.Arguing against su... | Identity and change | 0.797539 |
91,493 | In aerospace engineering, the propellant mass fraction is the portion of a vehicle's mass which does not reach the destination, usually used as a measure of the vehicle's performance. In other words, the propellant mass fraction is the ratio between the propellant mass and the initial mass of the vehicle. In a spacecra... | Tsiolkovsky's rocket equation | 0.797539 |
91,494 | Poisons widely dispersed into the environment are known as pollution. These are often of human origin, but pollution can also include unwanted biological processes such as toxic red tide, or acute changes to the natural chemical environment attributed to invasive species, which are toxic or detrimental to the prior eco... | Toxic Substances | 0.797538 |
91,495 | In probability theory, the Borel–Cantelli lemma is a theorem about sequences of events. In general, it is a result in measure theory. It is named after Émile Borel and Francesco Paolo Cantelli, who gave statement to the lemma in the first decades of the 20th century. | Borel–Cantelli lemma | 0.797538 |
91,496 | HermiT is an open-source reasoner based on the "hypertableau" calculus. It is developed by the University of Oxford. Owlready2 is a package for ontology-oriented programming in Python. It can load OWL 2.0 ontologies as Python objects, modify them, save them, and perform reasoning via HermiT (included). Owlready2 allows... | Description Logics | 0.797538 |
91,497 | , n } {\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}\equiv \{\mathbf {D} \in \mathbb {R} ^{d\times n}:\|d_{i}\|_{2}\leq 1\,\,\forall i=1,...,n\}} , λ > 0 {\displaystyle \lambda >0} C {\displaystyle {\mathcal {C}}} is required to constrain D {\displaystyle \mathbf {D} } so that its atoms would not reach arbitrarily high values allowing ... | Sparse dictionary learning | 0.797538 |
91,498 | Hardness scale is Talc is 1, Gypsum is 2, Calcite is 3, Fluorite is 4, Apatite is 5, Orthoclase Feldspar is 6, Quartz is 7, Topaz is 8, Corundum is 9 and Diamond is 10.OdorNot always recommended. Does the mineral have an odor of oil, sulfur or something else or is there no odour?Electric resistance Every mineral has a ... | List of mineral tests | 0.797538 |
91,499 | If the data is structured and online analytical processing is required (but not online transaction processing), then data warehouses are a main choice. They enable data analysis, mining, and artificial intelligence on a much larger scale than databases can allow, and indeed data often flow from databases into data ware... | Data engineering | 0.797538 |
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