id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
97,700 | Hugo Stintzing then became a lecturer in physical chemistry and technology at the University of Giessen. On 4 July 1928 he was appointed an extraordinary professor of physical chemistry at the University of Giessen, lecturing on X-ray spectroscopy. During the early part of his career, he translated some of the works of... | Hugo Stintzing | 0.796282 |
97,701 | Most engineers specialize in one or more engineering disciplines. Numerous specialties are recognized by professional societies, and each of the major branches of engineering has numerous subdivisions. Civil engineering, for example, includes structural engineering, along with transportation engineering, geotechnical e... | Engineer | 0.796282 |
97,702 | These cases are often associated with intellectual disability. Estimates range that between 5-20% of the autism spectrum can be explained by these dysfunctional processes, especially of genetics. However, other cases of autism are eligible for adaptive explanations. | Evolutionary psychiatry | 0.796281 |
97,703 | Full analysis of the geometry and mechanics of an IH relies on the on-horizon adapted tetrad. However, a more comprehensive view of IHs often requires investigation of the near-horizon vicinity and off-horizon exterior. The adapted tetrad on an IH can be smoothly extended to the following form which cover both the hori... | Isolated horizon | 0.796281 |
97,704 | Jirotka obtained her BSc in psychology and social anthropology from Goldsmiths College in 1985 and her Master's in Computing and Artificial Intelligence from the University of South Bank in 1987. Her doctorate in Computer Science, An Investigation into Contextual Approaches to Requirements Capture, was completed at the... | Marina Jirotka | 0.796281 |
97,705 | Chemical biologists used automated synthesis of diverse small molecule libraries in order to perform high-throughput analysis of biological processes. Such experiments may lead to discovery of small molecules with antibiotic or chemotherapeutic properties. These combinatorial chemistry approaches are identical to those... | Chemical Biology | 0.796281 |
97,706 | Qxf7#Variants of algebraic notation include long algebraic, in which both the departure and destination square are indicated; abbreviated algebraic, in which capture signs, check signs, and ranks of pawn captures may be omitted; and Figurine Algebraic Notation, used in chess publications for universal readability regar... | Chess | 0.796281 |
97,707 | NanoInk, Inc. was a nanotechnology company headquartered in Skokie, Illinois, with a MEMS fabrication facility in Campbell, California. A spin-off of Northwestern University and founded by Northwestern professor Chad Mirkin, NanoInk specialized in nanometer-scale manufacturing and applications development for the life ... | NanoInk | 0.796281 |
97,708 | Eberlein–Šmulian theorem: If X is a Banach space and A is a subset of X, then the following statements are equivalent: each sequence of elements of A has a subsequence that is weakly convergent in X each sequence of elements of A has a weak cluster point in X the weak closure of A is weakly compact.A set A can be weakl... | Eberlein–Šmulian theorem | 0.796281 |
97,709 | In computer science, a command queue is a queue for enabling the delay of command execution, either in order of priority, on a first-in first-out basis, or in any order that serves the current purpose. Instead of waiting for each command to be executed before sending the next one, the program just puts all the commands... | Command queue | 0.796281 |
97,710 | Lack of peer and family support is associated with an increased risk of alcoholism developing. Genetics and adolescence are associated with an increased sensitivity to the neurotoxic effects of chronic alcohol misuse. | Alcohol use disorder | 0.79628 |
97,711 | In the context of differential geometry, the exponential map maps the tangent space at a point of a manifold to a neighborhood of that point. Its inverse is also called the logarithmic (or log) map.In the context of finite groups exponentiation is given by repeatedly multiplying one group element b with itself. The dis... | Logarithmic function | 0.79628 |
97,712 | In mathematics, the homotopy principle (or h-principle) is a very general way to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), and more generally partial differential relations (PDRs). The h-principle is good for underdetermined PDEs or PDRs, such as the immersion problem, isometric immersion problem, fluid dynamics, an... | Homotopy principle | 0.79628 |
97,713 | The rusting skeleton of Jumbo sits in the parking lot at the Trinity site on the White Sands Missile Range, where it was moved in 1979.The development team also considered other methods of recovering active material in the event of a dud explosion. One idea was to cover it with a cone of sand. Another was to suspend th... | Trinity bomb | 0.79628 |
97,714 | The term shunt is used in filter and similar circuits with a ladder topology to refer to the components connected between the line and common. The term is used in this context to distinguish the shunt components connected between the signal and return lines from the components connected in series along the signal line.... | Shunt resistor | 0.79628 |
97,715 | In statistical modeling, regression analysis is a set of statistical processes for estimating the relationships between a dependent variable (often called the 'outcome' or 'response' variable, or a 'label' in machine learning parlance) and one or more independent variables (often called 'predictors', 'covariates', 'exp... | Regression prediction | 0.79628 |
97,716 | In statistics, measures of central tendency and statistical dispersion, such as the mean, median, and standard deviation, are defined in terms of L p {\displaystyle L^{p}} metrics, and measures of central tendency can be characterized as solutions to variational problems. In penalized regression, "L1 penalty" and "L2 p... | Lp space | 0.796279 |
97,717 | In his 1940 book The Material Basis of Evolution, the German geneticist Richard Goldschmidt argued for single-step speciation by macromutation, describing the organisms thus produced as "hopeful monsters". Goldschmidt's thesis was universally rejected and widely ridiculed by biologists, who favoured the neo-Darwinian e... | Mutation theory | 0.796279 |
97,718 | The journal was established in 1979 under the title Journal of Applied Biochemistry by Academic Press, obtaining its present title in 1986.Former editors-in-chief include Peter Campbell (University College London; before 1996), Roger Lundblad (formerly of Baxter Biotech, Duarte, California; 1996–2002), and Parviz A. Sh... | Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry | 0.796279 |
97,719 | In spherical geometry, an n-gonal hosohedron is a tessellation of lunes on a spherical surface, such that each lune shares the same two polar opposite vertices. A regular n-gonal hosohedron has Schläfli symbol {2,n}, with each spherical lune having internal angle 2π/nradians (360/n degrees). | Order-4 digonal tiling | 0.796279 |
97,720 | Beginning in the 20th century, designers of industrial and municipal sewage pollution controls typically utilized engineered systems (e.g. filters, clarifiers, biological reactors) to provide the central components of pollution control systems, and used the term "BMPs" to describe the supporting functions for these sys... | Best management practice for water pollution | 0.796278 |
97,721 | Unified Power Format (UPF) is the popular name of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard for specifying power intent in power optimization of electronic design automation. The IEEE 1801-2009 release of the standard was based on a donation from the Accellera organization. The current relea... | IEEE Standard 1801-2009 | 0.796278 |
97,722 | Ant colony optimization algorithms have been applied to many combinatorial optimization problems, ranging from quadratic assignment to protein folding or routing vehicles and a lot of derived methods have been adapted to dynamic problems in real variables, stochastic problems, multi-targets and parallel implementations... | Ant colony optimization algorithms | 0.796278 |
97,723 | However, while testing is recommended, there is no specific type of test used to detect HPV from oral tumors that is currently recommended by the FDA in the United States. Because HPV type 16 is the most common type found in oropharyngeal cancer, p16 immunohistochemistry is one test option used to determine if HPV is p... | Human papillomavirus infection | 0.796278 |
97,724 | In the department of physics of the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) he was from 1988 to 1992 an associate professor and is since 1992 a full professor. At UCSD he is now a distinguished professor of physics and the director of the Center for Astrophysics and Space Science (CASS). He was one of six UCSD scien... | George M. Fuller | 0.796278 |
97,725 | Arming yeast is a tool in biotechnology and biological research where a protein of interest is expressed on the surface of yeast cells. This is used in industrial settings for expression of enzymes to serve as catalysts in reactions, as well as in pharmaceutical settings for screening drug candidates. Saccharomyces cer... | Arming yeast | 0.796278 |
97,726 | Peer Bork (born 4 May 1963) is a German bioinformatician. He is Director of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) site in Heidelberg, in south-west Germany.Bork received his PhD in biochemistry in 1990 from the Leipzig University and his habilitation in theoretical biophysics in 1995 from the Humboldt Univer... | Peer Bork | 0.796278 |
97,727 | The United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope (UKIRT) is a 3.8 metre (150 inch) infrared reflecting telescope, the second largest dedicated infrared (1 to 30 micrometres) telescope in the world. It is located on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i as part of Mauna Kea Observatory. Until 2014 it was operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre in Hi... | United Kingdom Infrared Telescope | 0.796277 |
97,728 | Further, complex adaptations are but one phenomenon explanations in evolutionary biology. Extrapolationism is not a good theory, with large-scale patterns in the history of life not explainable by extrapolating from measurable events in local populations. Evolutionary biology needs a theory of variation, explaining the... | Dawkins vs. Gould | 0.796277 |
97,729 | Drugs already on the market, such as heparin, erythropoietin and a few anti-flu drugs, have proven effective and highlight the importance of glycans as a new class of drug. Additionally, the search for new anti-cancer drugs is opening up new possibilities in glycobiology. Anti-cancer drugs with new and varied action me... | Glycobiology | 0.796277 |
97,730 | Interest in storing power from these intermittent sources grows as the renewable energy industry begins to generate a larger fraction of overall energy consumption.Off grid electrical use was a niche market in the 20th century, but in the 21st century, it has expanded. Portable devices are in use all over the world. So... | Store energy | 0.796277 |
97,731 | These transformations represent projectivities of the complex projective line. In the study of lines in space, Julius Plücker used homogeneous coordinates in his description, and the set of lines was viewed on the Klein quadric, one of the early contributions of projective geometry to a new field called algebraic geome... | Projective Geometry | 0.796276 |
97,732 | When divergence also aligns with M {\displaystyle M} , this suggests that mutational variability shapes divergence, but this circumstantial correlation has other interpretations and is not taken as dispositive evidence.The use of mutation bias in the sense of an asymmetric effect on trait means is not part of the stand... | Bias in the introduction of variation | 0.796276 |
97,733 | Developmental neuroscience aims to describe the cellular basis of brain development and to address the underlying mechanisms. The field draws on both neuroscience and developmental biology to provide insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which complex nervous systems develop. Aging and memory | Outline of neuroscience | 0.796276 |
97,734 | Images drawn in parallel projection rely upon the technique of axonometry ("to measure along axes"), as described in Pohlke's theorem. In general, the resulting image is oblique (the rays are not perpendicular to the image plane); but in special cases the result is orthographic (the rays are perpendicular to the image ... | 3-D projection | 0.796276 |
97,735 | 1997. The advantage of sex in the RNA virus _6. Genetics 147:953-959. | Bacteriophage experimental evolution | 0.796276 |
97,736 | This is a list of the sizes, shapes, and general characteristics of some common primary and secondary battery types in household, automotive and light industrial use. The complete nomenclature for a battery specifies size, chemistry, terminal arrangement, and special characteristics. The same physically interchangeable... | LR44 battery | 0.796275 |
97,737 | The Riemann hypothesis catastrophe thought experiment provides one example of instrumental convergence. Marvin Minsky, the co-founder of MIT's AI laboratory, suggested that an artificial intelligence designed to solve the Riemann hypothesis might decide to take over all of Earth's resources to build supercomputers to h... | Paperclip maximizer | 0.796275 |
97,738 | Appends the n-th axiom as a theorem to the current theorem sequence. Below is the initial axiom scheme: Hardware Axioms formally specify how components of the machine could change from one cycle to the next. Reward Axioms define the computational cost of hardware instruction and the physical cost of output actions. Rel... | Gödel machine | 0.796275 |
97,739 | A full roadmap of planned features have been made available on the official GitHub repo.The first stable 1.0 release of the framework was announced at Build (developer conference) 2019. It included the addition of a Model Builder tool and AutoML (Automated Machine Learning) capabilities. Build 1.3.1 introduced a previe... | ML.NET | 0.796275 |
97,740 | After elucidating the study of the commutative algebra case, von Neumann embarked in 1936, with the partial collaboration of Murray, on the noncommutative case, the general study of factors classification of von Neumann algebras. The six major papers in which he developed that theory between 1936 and 1940 "rank among t... | John von Neumann | 0.796275 |
97,741 | Therefore, while not rejecting the idea in principle, Miller believes that the complexity of the "absolute" duplication of an individual mind is insurmountable for the nearest hundreds of years.There are very few feasible technologies that humans have refrained from developing. The neuroscience and computer-hardware te... | Mind uploading | 0.796275 |
97,742 | Computers & Chemical Engineering is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of process systems engineering. The journal accepts general papers on process systems engineering, as well as emerging new areas and topics for new developments in the application of computing and systems technology to c... | Computers & Chemical Engineering | 0.796274 |
97,743 | The Omega Nebula is between 5,000 and 6,000 light-years from Earth and it spans some 15 light-years in diameter. The cloud of interstellar matter of which this nebula is a part is roughly 40 light-years in diameter and has a mass of 30,000 solar masses. The total mass of the Omega Nebula is an estimated 800 solar masse... | Omega Nebula | 0.796274 |
97,744 | As well as being related to the maximum degree and maximum matching number of a graph, the chromatic index is closely related to the linear arboricity la(G) of a graph G, the minimum number of linear forests (disjoint unions of paths) into which the graph's edges may be partitioned. A matching is a special kind of line... | Edge coloring | 0.796273 |
97,745 | If ( X , τ ) {\displaystyle (X,\tau )} and ( X , ν ) {\displaystyle (X,\nu )} are complete metrizable TVSs (i.e. F-spaces) and if ν {\displaystyle \nu } is coarser than τ {\displaystyle \tau } then τ = ν {\displaystyle \tau =\nu } ; this is no longer guaranteed to be true if any one of these metrizable TVSs is not comp... | Pseudometrizable TVS | 0.796273 |
97,746 | Albert Turner Bharucha-Reid (November 13, 1927 – February 26, 1985) was an American mathematician and theorist who worked extensively on probability theory, Markov chains, and statistics. The author of more than 70 papers and 6 books, his work touched on such diverse fields as economics, physics, and biology. | Albert Turner Bharucha-Reid | 0.796273 |
97,747 | A CW complex (also called cellular complex or cell complex) is a kind of a topological space that is particularly important in algebraic topology. It was introduced by J. H. C. Whitehead to meet the needs of homotopy theory. This class of spaces is broader and has some better categorical properties than simplicial comp... | Category of CW-complexes | 0.796273 |
97,748 | A non-zero twist indicates the presence of rotation in the spacetime geometry. The coordinate representation described above has an interesting geometrical interpretation. The time translation Killing vector generates a one-parameter group of motion G {\displaystyle G} in the spacetime M {\displaystyle M} . | Stationary spacetime | 0.796272 |
97,749 | Geoplexing is a computer science term relating to the duplication of computer storage and applications within a server farm over geographically diverse locations for the purpose of fault tolerance. The name comes from a contraction of geographical multiplex. | Geoplexing | 0.796272 |
97,750 | The paper that proposed PURBs also included algorithms for encrypting objects to multiple recipients using multiple cipher suites. With these algorithms, recipients can find their respective entrypoints into the PURB with only a logarithmic number of trial decryptions using symmetric-key cryptography and only one expen... | PURB (cryptography) | 0.796272 |
97,751 | Neural Designer is a software tool for machine learning based on neural networks, a main area of artificial intelligence research, and contains a graphical user interface which simplifies data entry and interpretation of results. In 2015, Neural Designer was chosen by the European Commission, within the Horizon 2020 pr... | Neural Designer | 0.796272 |
97,752 | Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine (also known as hexamethyldisilazane and HMDS) is an organosilicon compound with the molecular formula 2NH. The molecule is a derivative of ammonia with trimethylsilyl groups in place of two hydrogen atoms. An electron diffraction study shows that silicon-nitrogen bond length (173.5 pm) and Si-N... | Bis(trimethylsilyl)amine | 0.796271 |
97,753 | Pine (1992) described four types of mass customization: Collaborative customization (also considered co-creation) – Firms talk to individual customers to determine the precise product offering that best serves the customer's needs (see personalized marketing and personal marketing orientation). This information is then... | Configuration systems | 0.796271 |
97,754 | By adding gypsum a more favourable calcium-to-magnesium ratio can be developed, creating a better balance of plant nutrients. This, however, poses a possible implication to grazing cattle. An article from the "Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology" discerned that 20% of the grazing animals had toxic levels ... | Serpentine soil | 0.79627 |
97,755 | The tool is useful for young engineers who need to be driven into the Geant4 world, and who can use FASTRAD as a tutorial tool, or by experts who do not want to spend time on the creation of C++ files that describe the geometry, material, and basic physics and who can use the Geant4 project created by FASTRAD as a base... | FASTRAD | 0.79627 |
97,756 | CCDE certified individuals can use CCIE qualification exams to re-certify and vice versa. CCDE provides advanced network infrastructure design principles and fundamentals for large networks. A CCDE can demonstrate an ability to develop solutions which address planning, design, integration, optimization, operations, sec... | Cisco certifications | 0.79627 |
97,757 | Slusher says he has an honorary D.Sc. from Indiana Christian University (ICU) and a Ph.D. in geophysics from Columbia Pacific University. However, according to Robert Schadewald, ICU is a Bible college with no more than two people in its graduate science department, and that CPU "exhibits several qualities of a degree ... | Harold Slusher | 0.796269 |
97,758 | The polygyny threshold model is an explanation of polygyny, the mating of one male of a species with more than one female. The model shows how females may gain a higher level of biological fitness by mating with a male who already has a mate. The female makes this choice despite other surrounding males because the choi... | Polygyny threshold model | 0.796269 |
97,759 | Dye lasers are very versatile. In addition to their recognized wavelength agility these lasers can offer very large pulsed energies or very high average powers. Flashlamp-pumped dye lasers have been shown to yield hundreds of Joules per pulse and copper-laser-pumped dye lasers are known to yield average powers in the k... | Dye lasers | 0.796269 |
97,760 | The most common carbonate mineral is calcite, which is the primary constituent of sedimentary limestone and metamorphic marble. Calcite, CaCO3, can have a significant percentage of magnesium substituting for calcium. Under high-Mg conditions, its polymorph aragonite will form instead; the marine geochemistry in this re... | Mineral | 0.796268 |
97,761 | Many developers have worked with DrChrono to bring include integrated applications to the platform, including CoverMyMeds, FIGmd, Ambra Health, Square, DemandForce, and NextPatient.In April 2016, DrChrono announced four medical application programming interface partners: Health Gorilla, Inuvio, Medisafe and Wink Health... | DrChrono | 0.796268 |
97,762 | As long as fuel was available to make steam, the Chaplin distiller offered a potential economic benefit in that the space and weight previously set aside for larger water tanks could be used more productively to carry additional cargo. According to the manufacturer's specifications and a report generated by Dr. Frederi... | Chaplin's patent distilling apparatus | 0.796268 |
97,763 | This occurs because bacteria enter the gradient in waves, with each more resistant than the one that proceeded it. Resistant mutant bacteria at the edges of the population wave exist at low density and do not compete with nearby cells. Allen published a statistical physics guide to bacterial growth in 2018. | Rosalind J. Allen | 0.796268 |
97,764 | Petford-Long studied physics at University College London, graduating in 1981. She earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Oxford in 1985 for research on Beta-alumina solid electrolytes supervised by Colin Humphreys. She was a postgraduate student at St. Cross College, Oxford. | Amanda Petford-Long | 0.796268 |
97,765 | The four-acceleration of a particle executing geodesic motion is zero. This corresponds to gravity not being a force. Four-acceleration is different from what we understand by acceleration as defined in Newtonian physics, where gravity is treated as a force. | Four-acceleration | 0.796268 |
97,766 | An algebraic proof can be obtained using indicator functions (also known as characteristic functions). The indicator function of a subset S of a set X is the function 1 S: X → { 0 , 1 } 1 S ( x ) = { 1 x ∈ S 0 x ∉ S {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}&\mathbf {1} _{S}:X\to \{0,1\}\\&\mathbf {1} _{S}(x)={\begin{cases}1&x\in... | Diluted inclusion–exclusion principle | 0.796268 |
97,767 | In the mathematical field of graph theory, an edge-transitive graph is a graph G such that, given any two edges e1 and e2 of G, there is an automorphism of G that maps e1 to e2.In other words, a graph is edge-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on its edges. | Edge-transitive graph | 0.796267 |
97,768 | De-extinction (also known as resurrection biology, or species revivalism) is the process of generating an organism that either resembles or is an extinct species. There are several ways to carry out the process of de-extinction. Cloning is the most widely proposed method, although genome editing and selective breeding ... | De-extinction | 0.796267 |
97,769 | Other types of bifurcations are also important in dynamical systems, but the saddle-node bifurcation tends to be most important in biology. Real biological systems are subject to small stochastic variations that introduce error terms into the dynamical equations, and this usually leads to more complex bifurcations simp... | Biological applications of bifurcation theory | 0.796267 |
97,770 | As the InChI cannot be reconstructed from the InChIKey, an InChIKey always needs to be linked to the original InChI to get back to the original structure. InChI Resolvers act as a lookup service to make these links, and prototype services are available from National Cancer Institute, the UniChem service at the European... | International Chemical Identifier | 0.796267 |
97,771 | The factorization of a polynomial f {\displaystyle f} over a ground field k {\displaystyle k} is reduced to the case when f {\displaystyle f} has no multiple roots and is completely splitting over k {\displaystyle k} (i.e. f {\displaystyle f} has n {\displaystyle n} distinct roots in k {\displaystyle k} ). In order to ... | Evdokimov's algorithm | 0.796267 |
97,772 | If R is any ring and I is any left ideal in R, then I is a left R-module, and analogously right ideals in R are right R-modules. If R is a ring, we can define the opposite ring Rop which has the same underlying set and the same addition operation, but the opposite multiplication: if ab = c in R, then ba = c in Rop. Any... | Module (ring theory) | 0.796267 |
97,773 | Such experimentation is clearly vital — and typically sparks a proliferation of potential solutions. But the bewildering range of options now on offer can provide business with an alibi for inaction. Worse, we have conspicuously failed to benchmark progress across these options, on the basis of their real-world impact... | Triple Bottom Line | 0.796267 |
97,774 | The resonant interactions of Rossby waves have been observed to have a connection to Diophantine equations, normally considered to be a topic in number theory. Constructive methods for solving Diophantine equations appearing in the context of the resonant wave interactions of various types (including Rossby waves) have... | Resonant interaction | 0.796267 |
97,775 | The advantages of this method include: reduction of the sampling rate for sparse signals; reconstruction of the image while being robust to the removal of noise and other artifacts; and use of very few iterations. This can also help in recovering images with sparse gradients. In the figure shown below, P1 refers to the... | Compressive sensing | 0.796266 |
97,776 | The SafetyNet p frame data, as determined by the technology, is as follows: Compatible with Ethernet IP protocols Networks can be designed in a linear, star or tree topology Networks with variable subscribers can be used thanks to the continuous topology scan The maximum distance between two subscribers corresponds to ... | SafetyNET p | 0.796266 |
97,777 | 1-Octene, 1-hexene, and 1-butene are used comonomers in the manufacture of polyethylenes. The advantages to such copolymers has led to a focus on catalysts that facilitate the incorporation of these comonomers, e.g., constrained geometry complexes. Comonomers are often employed to improve the plastification of polymeri... | Comonomer | 0.796266 |
97,778 | Rolf Apweiler is a director of European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) part of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) with Ewan Birney. | Rolf Apweiler | 0.796266 |
97,779 | Yigu yanduan (New steps in computation) is a work of more basic mathematics written soon after Li Ye completed Ceyuan haijing, and was probably written to help students who could not understand Sea mirror of circle measurements. Yigu yanduan consists of three volumes dedicated to solving geometrical problems on two tra... | Li Ye (mathematician) | 0.796265 |
97,780 | The concept and field of gnotobiology was born of a debate between Louis Pasteur and Marceli Nencki in the late 19th century, in which Pasteur argued that animal life needed bacteria to succeed while Nencki argued that animals would be healthier without bacteria, but it wasn't until 1960 that the Association for Gnotob... | Gnotobiotic animal | 0.796265 |
97,781 | The discretionary optimization that leads to stabilization bias and a lack of history dependence. The rule does not consider financial parameters. The rule not consider other policy instruments such as reserve funds adjustment or balance sheet policies. The relationship between the interest rate and aggregate demand.Ta... | Taylor rule | 0.796265 |
97,782 | Therefore, SLIP on its own is not satisfactory over an error-prone dial-up connection. It is however still useful for testing operating systems' response capabilities under load (by looking at flood-ping statistics). SLIP escape characters were also required on some modem connections to escape Hayes command set, allowi... | Serial Line Internet Protocol | 0.796265 |
97,783 | Biology appears in fiction, especially but not only in science fiction, both in the shape of real aspects of the science, used as themes or plot devices, and in the form of fictional elements, whether fictional extensions or applications of biological theory, or through the invention of fictional organisms. Major aspec... | Biology in fiction | 0.796264 |
97,784 | This was the first use of the notion of a landscape of parameters in physics. Leonard Susskind, who later promoted a similar string theory landscape, stated: I'm not sure why Smolin's idea didn't attract much attention. | Cosmological natural selection | 0.796264 |
97,785 | The Aggregating Functions Approach, the Adaptive Random Search Algorithm, and the Penalty Functions Approach were used to compute the initial set of the non-dominated or Pareto-optimal solutions. The Analytic Hierarchy Process and Tabular Method were used simultaneously for choosing the best alternative among the compu... | Multivariate optimization | 0.796264 |
97,786 | LaTeX is widely used in academia for the communication and publication of scientific documents in many fields, including mathematics, computer science, engineering, physics, chemistry, economics, linguistics, quantitative psychology, philosophy, and political science. It also has a prominent role in the preparation and... | LaTeX | 0.796264 |
97,787 | In plasma physics, the Hasegawa–Mima equation, named after Akira Hasegawa and Kunioki Mima, is an equation that describes a certain regime of plasma, where the time scales are very fast, and the distance scale in the direction of the magnetic field is long. In particular the equation is useful for describing turbulence... | Hasegawa–Mima equation | 0.796263 |
97,788 | He improved SNAP-tag protein labelling technology by developing a new biocompatible fluorophore, silicon-rhodamine (SiR). During this period, he began a collaboration with Stefan Hell to perform one of the first super-resolution microscopy experiments of living cells.In 2016, Stefan Hell invited Lukinavičius to the Dep... | Gražvydas Lukinavičius | 0.796263 |
97,789 | Beiträge zur Theorie der algebraischen Gleichungen (1849 Juli), pp. 71–103., p. 71, at Google Books – fourth proof. | The fundamental theorem of algebra | 0.796263 |
97,790 | This discovery paved the way for modern super resolution microscopy techniques like PALM or STORM. Retinylidene proteins, such as Channelrhodopsins or Halorhodopsins, are light sensitive cation and chloride channels, which open during illumination with blue and yellow light, respectively. This principle has been succes... | Photoactivatable probes | 0.796263 |
97,791 | Isolated and relatively homogeneous habitats such as crater lakes and islands are among the best geographical settings in which to demonstrate sympatric speciation. For example, Nicaragua crater lake cichlid fishes include nine described species and dozens of undescribed species that have evolved by sympatric speciatio... | Sympatric speciation | 0.796263 |
97,792 | Another use of thermophobic material is in treating hyperhydrosis of the axilla and the palm: A thermophobic foam named Bettamousse developed by Mipharm, an Italian company, was found to treat hyperhydrosis effectively.In biology, some bacteria are thermophobic, such as mycobacterium leprae which causes leprosy. Thermo... | Thermophobia | 0.796263 |
97,793 | The proof is by induction on the dimension of g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} and consists of several steps. (Note: the structure of the proof is very similar to that for Engel's theorem.) The basic case is trivial and we assume the dimension of g {\displaystyle {\mathfrak {g}}} is positive. We also assume V is not z... | Lie's theorem | 0.796262 |
97,794 | {\displaystyle xq^{d}+yn=1\quad {\text{therefore}}\quad {\frac {\chi (g)}{n}}=x{\frac {q^{d}\chi (g)}{n}}+y\chi (g).} Because a linear combination with integer coefficients of algebraic integers is again an algebraic integer, this proves the statement. The image of g, under the representation ρ, is a homothety.Let ζ be... | Burnside theorem | 0.796262 |
97,795 | Starting with nothing more than a set X , {\displaystyle X,} it is possible to topologize the set of all filter bases on X {\displaystyle X} with the Stone topology, which is named after Marshall Harvey Stone. To reduce confusion, this article will adhere to the following notational conventions: Lower case letters for ... | Limit point of a filter | 0.796262 |
97,796 | The chord of an angle is the length of the chord between two points on a unit circle separated by that central angle. The angle θ is taken in the positive sense and must lie in the interval 0 < θ ≤ π (radian measure). The chord function can be related to the modern sine function, by taking one of the points to be (1,0)... | Chord (geometry) | 0.796262 |
97,797 | Lambda calculus-based languages (such as Lisp, ISWIM, and Scheme) are in actual practice value-level languages, although they are not thus restricted by design. To see why typical lambda style programs are primarily value-level, consider the usual definition of a value-to-value function, say f = λx.E here, x must be a ... | Value-level programming | 0.796262 |
97,798 | In probability theory, coupling is a proof technique that allows one to compare two unrelated random variables (distributions) X and Y by creating a random vector W whose marginal distributions correspond to X and Y respectively. The choice of W is generally not unique, and the whole idea of "coupling" is about making ... | Coupling (probability) | 0.796261 |
97,799 | In elementary chemistry courses, the lone pairs of water are described as "rabbit ears": two equivalent electron pairs of approximately sp3 hybridization, while the HOH bond angle is 104.5°, slightly smaller than the ideal tetrahedral angle of arccos(–1/3) ≈ 109.47°. The smaller bond angle is rationalized by VSEPR theo... | Free electron pair | 0.796261 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.