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97,900 | {\displaystyle X_{i}.} More generally, the closure of the product ∏ i ∈ I S i {\textstyle \prod _{i\in I}S_{i}} of arbitrary subsets in the product space X {\displaystyle X} is equal to the product of the closures: Any product of Hausdorff spaces is again a Hausdorff space. Tychonoff's theorem, which is equivalent to t... | Product topology | 0.796243 |
97,901 | Introduced in the Android app in September 2016, Quick Access uses machine learning to "intelligently predict the files you need before you've even typed anything". The feature was announced to be expanded to iOS and the web in March 2017, though the website interface received the feature in May. | Google Drive | 0.796243 |
97,902 | 96-104) Mineral Collection of the Calvinist College in Debrecen (Annals of the History of Hungarian Geology Special Issue 3.) 1991. | Mihály Nagy | 0.796243 |
97,903 | In mathematics, and particularly category theory, a coherence condition is a collection of conditions requiring that various compositions of elementary morphisms are equal. Typically the elementary morphisms are part of the data of the category. A coherence theorem states that, in order to be assured that all these equ... | Coherence axiom | 0.796243 |
97,904 | The closed graph theorem is a result about linear map f: X → Y {\displaystyle f:X\to Y} between two vector spaces endowed with topologies making them into topological vector spaces (TVSs). We will henceforth assume that X {\displaystyle X} and Y {\displaystyle Y} are topological vector spaces, such as Banach spaces for... | Closed graph theorem (functional analysis) | 0.796243 |
97,905 | In an analogous fashion, corner detectors and ridge and valley detectors can be expressed as local maxima, minima or zero-crossings of multi-scale differential invariants defined from Gaussian derivatives. The algebraic expressions for the corner and ridge detection operators are, however, somewhat more complex and the... | Scale-space representation | 0.796243 |
97,906 | Beta decay can be considered as a perturbation as described in quantum mechanics, and thus Fermi's Golden Rule can be applied. This leads to an expression for the kinetic energy spectrum N(T) of emitted betas as follows: where T is the kinetic energy, CL is a shape function that depends on the forbiddenness of the deca... | Beta-minus decay | 0.796243 |
97,907 | DOE Scientific Simulation Initiative U.S. MHD Working Group Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) Theory Consortium Tokamak Physics Design and Analysis Codes TRANSP Code National Transport Code Collaboration (NTCC) Modules Library | Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory | 0.796242 |
97,908 | He was born in Livingstone, Zambia. After graduating from secondary school, he joined the Zambian Statistics Agency. In 1984, he enrolled in a training program sponsored by the UN Population Fund. He earned the equivalent of a bachelor's degree from the Eastern Africa Statistical Training Centre at the University of Da... | Oliver Chinganya | 0.796242 |
97,909 | ElevenLabs is an American software company developing natural-sounding speech synthesis and text-to-speech software, using artificial intelligence and deep learning. | ElevenLabs | 0.796242 |
97,910 | Rama Cont is the Professor of Mathematical Finance at the University of Oxford. He is known for contributions to probability theory, stochastic analysis and mathematical modelling in finance, in particular mathematical models of systemic risk. He was awarded the Louis Bachelier Prize by the French Academy of Sciences i... | Rama Cont | 0.796242 |
97,911 | During the 1960s, Calhoun and Leonard Duhl formed an informal group, the Space Cadets, which met to discuss the social uses of space. The members of this group came from as diverse professions as architecture, city planning, physics, and psychiatry. In Calhoun's own words: "Our success in being human has so far derived... | John B. Calhoun | 0.796242 |
97,912 | In 2006, researchers at Cornell University published some of the pioneer work in 3D printing for tissue fabrication, successfully printing hydrogel bio-inks. The work at Cornell was expanded using specialized bioprinters produced by Seraph Robotics, Inc., a university spin-out, which helped to catalyze a global interes... | Applications of 3D printing | 0.796241 |
97,913 | One of the most important aspects of groundwater engineering and hydrogeology is water well design and construction. Proper well design and construction are important to maintain the health of the groundwater and the people which will use the well. Factors which must be considered in well design are: A reliable aquifer... | Hydrogeology | 0.796241 |
97,914 | Ulrich "Uli" Pöschl (9 October 1969) is an Austrian chemist who was appointed Director of the newly founded Department of Multiphase Chemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz, Germany on 1 October 2012. | Ulrich Pöschl | 0.796241 |
97,915 | He also served on the Mathematical Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2015 and 2016. Villani received the Fields Medal for his work on Landau damping and the Boltzmann equation. He described the development of his theorem in his autobiographical book Théorème vivant (2012), published in English translation as Birth... | Cédric Villani | 0.796241 |
97,916 | The Journal of Chemical Physics. 121 (15): 7110–7126. arXiv:cond-mat/0409644. | Variational Monte Carlo | 0.79624 |
97,917 | "Hyperbolic geometry on a hyperboloid". The American Mathematical Monthly. 100 (5): 442–455. | History of Lorentz transformations | 0.79624 |
97,918 | The field of statistics is a mathematical application that is employed for the collection and processing of data samples, using procedures based on mathematical methods especially probability theory. Statisticians generate data with random sampling or randomized experiments. The design of a statistical sample or experi... | Mathematical discipline | 0.79624 |
97,919 | In 1991, the Royal Society gave him their Sylvester Medal "for his many contributions to number theory and in particular his solution of the famous problem concerning approximating algebraic numbers by rationals. "A festschrift of 32 essays on topics related to Roth's research was published in 2009, in honour of Roth's... | Klaus Roth | 0.796239 |
97,920 | Philip Warren Anderson (December 13, 1923 – March 29, 2020) was an American theoretical physicist and Nobel laureate. Anderson made contributions to the theories of localization, antiferromagnetism, symmetry breaking (including a paper in 1962 discussing symmetry breaking in particle physics, leading to the development... | Philip W. Anderson | 0.796239 |
97,921 | To accomplish this, soft privacy emphasizes the use of third-party programs to protect privacy, emphasizing auditing, certification, consent, access control, encryption, and differential privacy. Since evolving technologies like the internet, machine learning, and big data are being applied to many long-standing fields... | Soft privacy technologies | 0.796238 |
97,922 | There are many pages on the solar system, the Milky Way, galaxies, and cosmology. Aimed at the science student market, this textbook is both for undergraduates and for graduates just beginning their courses who are looking for an overview. It covers the whole field of modern astronomy. While emphasizing both the astron... | Fundamental Astronomy | 0.796238 |
97,923 | IUCAA, along with Persistent Systems, Pune, operates the Virtual Observatory project. The observatory provides users access to raw observational data along with advanced processing software designed by engineers at Persitent.IUCAA also maintains Girawali Observatory which is about 80 km from Pune city, off Pune-Nasik R... | Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics | 0.796238 |
97,924 | However, the word "ecophagy" is now applied more generally in reference to any event—nuclear war, the spread of monoculture, massive species extinctions—that might fundamentally alter the planet. Scholars suggest that these events might result in ecocide in that they would undermine the capacity of the Earth's biologic... | Ecophagy | 0.796238 |
97,925 | Lowe received a Bachelor of Science (BSc) degree in civil engineering from the University of Edinburgh in 1979. He received Master of Science (MSc) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees in mechanical engineering from Imperial College London in 1987 and 1993 respectively. His PhD research was performed under the superv... | Michael Lowe | 0.796237 |
97,926 | The Paranal Observatory is located atop Cerro Paranal in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. Cerro Paranal is a 2,635-metre-high (8,645 ft) mountain about 120 kilometres (75 mi) south of Antofagasta and 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from the Pacific coast.The observatory has seven major telescopes operating in visible and i... | ESO Messenger | 0.796237 |
97,927 | Earlier converters, with a false bottom that can be detached and repaired, are still in use. Modern converters have a fixed bottom with plugs for argon purging. The Energy Optimization Furnace (EOF) is a BOF variant associated with a scrap preheater where the sensible heat in the off-gas is used for preheating scrap, l... | Basic oxygen process | 0.796237 |
97,928 | In 2007, the Joint Economic Committee of the United States Congress released a report about the future of nanotechnology. It predicts significant technological and political changes in the mid-term future, including possible technological singularity.Former President of the United States Barack Obama spoke about singul... | Recursive self-improvement | 0.796236 |
97,929 | Workers at Lockheed Martin Space Systems in Denver assembled the spacecraft structure and attached the instruments. Instruments were constructed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in Tucson, Arizona, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, M... | Mars Climate Sounder | 0.796236 |
97,930 | In Knowing and the Known, Dewey and Bentley wrote, "The epistemologies, logics, psychologies and sociologies are still largely on a self-actional basis. "The result of Newtonian physics, interaction marks the second age of knowing; a system marked especially by the "third 'law of motion'—that action and reaction are ... | Transactionalism | 0.796235 |
97,931 | Automotive engineering, along with aerospace engineering and naval architecture, is a branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software, and safety engineering as applied to the design, manufacture and operation of motorcycles, automobiles, and trucks and their respec... | Automotive engineering | 0.796235 |
97,932 | Peter Andrew Kollman (July 24, 1944–May 25, 2001) was a professor of chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry at the University of California, San Francisco. He is known for his work in computational chemistry, molecular modeling and bioinformatics, especially for his role in the development of the AMBER force field and ... | Peter Kollman | 0.796235 |
97,933 | This map gives an injective algebra homomorphism from H to the set of 2 × 2 complex matrices. It has the property that the absolute value of a quaternion q is equal to the square root of the determinant of the matrix image of q. The set of unit quaternions is then given by matrices of the above form with unit determina... | Three-dimensional sphere | 0.796235 |
97,934 | The core issue of metaphysics is the investigation of the nature of reality. The images in a Paleolithic tent would trigger a cascade of thoughts about the essence of reality: What is that plane of existence? And reflexively, what is this plane? Only by glimpsing an alternative reality does this reality become open to ... | Archaeo-optics | 0.796235 |
97,935 | Some sources describe the mere penetration of a wave function into the barrier, without transmission on the other side, as a tunneling effect, such as in tunneling into the walls of a finite potential well.Tunneling plays an essential role in physical phenomena such as nuclear fusion and alpha radioactive decay of atom... | Quantum mechanical tunneling | 0.796235 |
97,936 | In robotics, nonholonomic has been particularly studied in the scope of motion planning and feedback linearization for mobile robots. | Nonholonomic constraints | 0.796234 |
97,937 | In applied mathematics, weak duality is a concept in optimization which states that the duality gap is always greater than or equal to 0. That means the solution to the dual (minimization) problem is always greater than or equal to the solution to an associated primal problem. This is opposed to strong duality which on... | Weak duality | 0.796234 |
97,938 | Comparing the two models reveals a notable similarity between their respective results while also highlighting a remarkable discrepancy, whereby – in the standard version of the SAIM – the model's focus is mainly upon the excitatory connections, whereas in the PE-SAIM, the inhibitory connections are leveraged to make a... | Free energy principle | 0.796234 |
97,939 | Dermatologist Caroline Koblenzer specifically faults the Morgellons Research Foundation (MRF) website for misleading people: "Clearly, as more and more of our patients discover this site (MRF), there will be an ever greater waste of valuable time and resources on fruitless research into fibers, fluffs, irrelevant bacte... | Morgellons | 0.796234 |
97,940 | Van Andel Institute (VAI) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit biomedical research and science education organization in Grand Rapids, Michigan. VAI was founded by Jay and Betty Van Andel in 1996.The institute's research focuses on cancer epigenetics and Parkinson's disease. Its educational efforts support teacher development and ... | Van Andel Institute | 0.796234 |
97,941 | Currently, neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are the most frequently prescribed antivirals because they are effective against both influenza A and B. However, antiviral resistance is known to develop if mutations to the neuraminidase proteins prevent NAI binding. This was seen in the H257Y mutation, which was responsible... | Antiviral medications | 0.796233 |
97,942 | Gender HCI investigates ways in which attributes of software (or even hardware) can interact with gender differences. As with all of HCI, Gender HCI is a highly interdisciplinary area. Findings from fields such as psychology, computer science, marketing, neuroscience, education, and economics strongly suggest that men ... | Gender HCI | 0.796233 |
97,943 | The Baire category theorem says: If X is a complete metric space or a locally compact Hausdorff space, then the interior of every union of countably many nowhere dense sets is empty.Any open subspace of a Baire space is itself a Baire space. | General topology | 0.796233 |
97,944 | According to the artist, "the flowers reflect the various types of sidechains that each amino acid holds out to the world". This same metaphor is also echoed from the scientist's side: "β sheets do not show a stiff repetitious regularity but flow in graceful, twisting curves, and even the α-helix is regular more in the... | Α helix | 0.796233 |
97,945 | In contrast, a simulator could be a program which runs on a PC, so that old Atari games can be simulated on it. Purists continue to insist on this distinction, but currently the term "emulation" often means the complete imitation of a machine executing binary code while "simulation" often refers to computer simulation,... | Computer emulator | 0.796233 |
97,946 | Modern Physics (4th ed.). W. H. Freeman & Co. ISBN 0-7167-4345-0. | Relativistic velocities | 0.796233 |
97,947 | The Data Incubator was founded in 2014 in New York City by Tianhui Michael Li, a former data scientist at local-mobile-social startup Foursquare and Andreessen Horowitz. The company was incubated by Cornell Tech.The company is best known for an 8-week educational fellowship preparing students with Masters and PhD degre... | The Data Incubator | 0.796233 |
97,948 | Padovan received his B.S. (1965), M.S. (1967) and Ph.D. (1969) degrees in Mechanical Engineering, all from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. | Joseph Padovan | 0.796232 |
97,949 | The Hodgkin–Huxley model, widely regarded as one of the great achievements of 20th-century biophysics, describes how action potentials in neurons are initiated and propagated in axons via voltage-gated ion channels. It is a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations that were introduced by Alan Lloyd Hodgkin and ... | Models of neural computation | 0.796232 |
97,950 | In an observational study, researchers have no control over the values of the independent variables, such as who receives the treatment. Instead, they must control for variables using statistics. Observational studies are used when controlled experiments may be unethical or impractical. | Controlling for a variable | 0.796232 |
97,951 | In software engineering, a freeze is a point in time in the development process after which the rules for making changes to the source code or related resources become more strict, or the period during which those rules are applied. A freeze helps move the project forward towards a release or the end of an iteration by... | Feature freeze | 0.796232 |
97,952 | In commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, a morphism is called formally étale if it has a lifting property that is analogous to being a local diffeomorphism. | Formally etale | 0.796231 |
97,953 | The decomposition processes of cadavers and carcasses are studied within the field of forensic taphonomy in order to: aid in the estimation of post-mortem interval (PMI) or time since death; aid in the location of potential clandestine graves.Decomposition microbiology as applied to forensic taphonomy can be divided in... | Microbiology of decomposition | 0.796231 |
97,954 | RIfS is used especially as a detection method in chemo- and biosensors. Chemosensors are particularly suitable for measurements under difficult conditions and in the gaseous phase. As sensitive layers, mostly non-selective measuring polymers are used which sort the analytes according to size (the so-called molecular si... | Reflectometric interference spectroscopy | 0.796231 |
97,955 | Teleoperation indicates operation of a machine at a distance. It is similar in meaning to the phrase "remote control" but is usually encountered in research, academic and technical environments. It is most commonly associated with robotics and mobile robots but can be applied to a whole range of circumstances in which ... | Tele-presence robotics | 0.79623 |
97,956 | Since the early period of laser history, laser research has produced a variety of improved and specialized laser types, optimized for different performance goals, including: new wavelength bands maximum average output power maximum peak pulse energy maximum peak pulse power minimum output pulse duration minimum linewid... | Infrared laser | 0.79623 |
97,957 | Another structure theorem is the reconstruction of an algebra from its ext algebra. Given a connected graded algebra A = k A ⊕ A 1 ⊕ A 2 ⊕ ⋯ {\displaystyle A=k_{A}\oplus A_{1}\oplus A_{2}\oplus \cdots } ,it is canonically an associative algebra. There is an associated algebra, called its Ext algebra, defined as Ext A ∙... | Homotopy associative algebra | 0.79623 |
97,958 | After him, several authors applied BV functions to study Fourier series in several variables, geometric measure theory, calculus of variations, and mathematical physics. Renato Caccioppoli and Ennio de Giorgi used them to define measure of nonsmooth boundaries of sets (see the entry "Caccioppoli set" for further inform... | Bounded variation | 0.79623 |
97,959 | It can be used to predict events in the fishery if certain factors change. See population dynamics. Socioeconomics – A word used to identify the importance of factors other than biology in fishery management decisions. | Glossary of fishery terms | 0.796229 |
97,960 | In 2017, the concept of nanoallotropy was proposed by Prof. Rafal Klajn of the Organic Chemistry Department of the Weizmann Institute of Science. Nanoallotropes, or allotropes of nanomaterials, are nanoporous materials that have the same chemical composition (e.g., Au), but differ in their architecture at the nanoscale... | Allotropes of nonmetals | 0.796229 |
97,961 | The Numerology of Dr. Matrix: The Fabulous Feats and Adventures in Number Theory, Sleight of Word, and Numerological Analysis (Literary, Biblical, Political, Philosophical and Psychonumeranalytical) of That Incredible Master Mind (1967), New York: Simon & Schuster. Reprinted/expanded in 1979 as The Incredible Dr. Matri... | Martin Gardner bibliography | 0.796229 |
97,962 | In geometry, Stewart's theorem yields a relation between the lengths of the sides and the length of a cevian in a triangle. Its name is in honour of the Scottish mathematician Matthew Stewart, who published the theorem in 1746. | Stewart's theorem | 0.796229 |
97,963 | "Tart has also been criticized by the skeptic Robert Todd Carroll for ignoring Occam's razor (advocating the paranormal instead of naturalistic explanations) and for ignoring the known laws of physics.Tart's book about marijuana On Being Stoned has received mixed reviews. Harris Chaiklin wrote the book rejected medical... | Charles Tart | 0.796229 |
97,964 | In probability theory, the central limit theorem states conditions under which the average of a sufficiently large number of independent random variables, each with finite mean and variance, will be approximately normally distributed.Directional statistics is the subdiscipline of statistics that deals with directions (... | Central limit theorem for directional statistics | 0.796228 |
97,965 | Quantum simulators are types of quantum computers used to simulate a real world system and can be used to simulate chemical compounds or solve high energy physics problems. Quantum simulators are simpler to build as opposed to general purpose quantum computers because complete control over every component is not necess... | Quantum technology | 0.796228 |
97,966 | An engine is said to be running off-design if any of the following apply: a) change of throttle setting b) change of altitude c) change of flight speed d) change of climate e) change of installation (e.g. customer bleed or power off-take or intake pressure recovery) f) change in geometryAlthough each off-design point i... | Thrust lapse | 0.796228 |
97,967 | In case G is a linear algebraic group, it is an affine algebraic variety in affine N-space. The topology on the adelic algebraic group G ( A ) {\displaystyle G(A)} is taken to be the subspace topology in AN, the Cartesian product of N copies of the adele ring. In this case, G ( A ) {\displaystyle G(A)} is a topological... | Adelic algebraic group | 0.796228 |
97,968 | Cumrun Vafa: physicist and developer of F-theory, known for Vafa-Witten theorem and Gopakumar-Vafa conjecture. Robert Wald: physicist in the field of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Anzhong Wang: physicist, major contributor to Horava-Lifshitz gravity; String theory and applications to cosmology. | List of quantum gravity researchers | 0.796227 |
97,969 | Karl Barry Sharpless (born April 28, 1941) is an American chemist and a two-time Nobel laureate in Chemistry known for his work on stereoselective reactions and click chemistry. Sharpless was awarded half of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions", and one third of the... | Karl Barry Sharpless | 0.796227 |
97,970 | |D| The complete linear system of a Weil divisor D on a normal complete variety X over an algebraically closed field k; that is, | D | = P ( Γ ( X , O X ( D ) ) ) {\displaystyle |D|=\mathbf {P} (\Gamma (X,{\mathcal {O}}_{X}(D)))} . There is a bijection between the set of k-rational points of |D| and the set of effectiv... | Scheme-theoretic image | 0.796227 |
97,971 | Wilks' theorem quantifies the heuristic rule by showing that the difference in the logarithm of the likelihood generated by the estimate's parameter values and the logarithm of the likelihood generated by population's "true" (but unknown) parameter values is asymptotically χ2 distributed. Each independent sample's maxi... | Log-likelihood | 0.796227 |
97,972 | Michael Ernest Kassner is an American materials science engineer who serves as the Choong Hoon Cho Chair and Professor of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering at the University of Southern California's Viterbi School of Engineering. He is a former Director of Research at t... | Michael Ernest Kassner | 0.796227 |
97,973 | Lazy release consistency is a further optimization of release consistency. It assumes that the thread executing an acquire access does not need the values written by other threads until the acquire access has completed. Hence, all behavior of coherence can be delayed and timing for write propagation can be tweaked. | Release Consistency | 0.796226 |
97,974 | The condition that the dynamical system be on the plane is necessary to the theorem. On a torus, for example, it is possible to have a recurrent non-periodic orbit. In particular, chaotic behaviour can only arise in continuous dynamical systems whose phase space has three or more dimensions. However the theorem does no... | Poincaré–Bendixson theorem | 0.796226 |
97,975 | (Sand dollars are a separate order in the sea urchin class Echinoidea.) The animals have been studied since the 19th century as model organisms in developmental biology, as their embryos were easy to observe. | Sea urchin | 0.796226 |
97,976 | The original formulation of this index and its usage in Bayesian statistics can be found in the psycho software documentation by Dominique Makowski under the appellation Maximum Probability of Effect (MPE). It was later renamed Probability of Direction and implemented in the easystats collection of software. Similar fo... | Probability of direction | 0.796226 |
97,977 | Pronunciations of unfamiliar words are automatically deduced using phonological rules learned by the deep learning model.The application supports a simplified version of a set of English phonetic transcriptions known as ARPABET to correct mispronunciations or to account for heteronyms—words that are spelled the same bu... | 15.ai | 0.796226 |
97,978 | Lunacy is the game for the 2009 FIRST Robotics Competition. Announced on January 3, 2009, the name and some of the features of the game honor the 40th anniversary of the first human mission to the Moon (Latin: Luna). It is FRC's 18th game. This is the first FRC competition to use the cRIO Mobile Device Controller contr... | Lunacy (FIRST) | 0.796225 |
97,979 | Given the growing need for trained environmental practitioners, graduate schools throughout the world offer specialized professional degrees in environmental policy studies. While there is not a standard curriculum, students typically take classes in policy analysis, environmental science, environmental law and politic... | Environmental policy | 0.796225 |
97,980 | In design for additive manufacturing (DFAM), there are both broad themes (which apply to many additive manufacturing processes) and optimizations specific to a particular AM process. Described here is DFM analysis for stereolithography, in which design for manufacturability (DFM) considerations are applied in designing... | DFM analysis for stereolithography | 0.796225 |
97,981 | In computer vision, photo-consistency determines whether a given voxel is occupied. A voxel is considered to be photo consistent when its color appears to be similar to all the cameras that can see it. Most voxel coloring or space carving techniques require using photo consistency as a check condition in Image-based mo... | Photo-consistency | 0.796225 |
97,982 | The theorem specifies how physical symmetries such as rotations, translations, and CPT symmetry are represented on the Hilbert space of states. According to the theorem, any symmetry transformation is represented by a linear and unitary or antilinear and antiunitary transformation of Hilbert space. The representation o... | Eugene Wigner | 0.796225 |
97,983 | In mathematics, computer science and digital electronics, a dependency graph is a directed graph representing dependencies of several objects towards each other. It is possible to derive an evaluation order or the absence of an evaluation order that respects the given dependencies from the dependency graph. | Dependency diagram | 0.796225 |
97,984 | In a different approach, the EP quantum mechanics formulated on the basis of an Equivalence Principle (EP), a quantum potential is written as: Q ( q ) = ℏ 2 4 m { S ; q } {\displaystyle Q(q)={\frac {\hbar ^{2}}{4m}}\{S;q\}} where { ⋅ ; ⋅ } {\displaystyle \{\cdot \,;\cdot \}} is the Schwarzian derivative, that is, { S ;... | Bohm quantum potential | 0.796224 |
97,985 | A geodesic between two events can also be described as the curve joining those two events which has a stationary interval (4-dimensional "length"). Stationary here is used in the sense in which that term is used in the calculus of variations, namely, that the interval along the curve varies minimally among curves that ... | Geodesic (general relativity) | 0.796224 |
97,986 | Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (study of effects of drugs on the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), ... | Neuropsychopharmacology | 0.796224 |
97,987 | Reversible computing is any model of computation where the computational process, to some extent, is time-reversible. In a model of computation that uses deterministic transitions from one state of the abstract machine to another, a necessary condition for reversibility is that the relation of the mapping from states t... | Reversible computation | 0.796224 |
97,988 | As a teenager, Moffat quit school at 16 to become an artist. He gave up after living for a time in Paris with no income. Upon returning to Copenhagen, he became interested in the cosmos and began teaching himself mathematics and physics. The University of Copenhagen allowed anyone to check out books from its libraries,... | John Moffat (physicist) | 0.796223 |
97,989 | The proof of Cover's counting function theorem can be obtained from the recursive relation C ( N + 1 , D ) = C ( N , D ) + C ( N , D − 1 ) . {\displaystyle C(N+1,D)=C(N,D)+C(N,D-1).} To show that, with fixed N {\displaystyle N} , increasing D {\displaystyle D} may turn a set of points from non-separable to separable, a... | Cover's theorem | 0.796223 |
97,990 | Integrated Data Store (IDS) was an early network database management system largely used by industry, known for its high performance. IDS became the basis for the CODASYL Data Base Task Group standards. IDS was designed in the 1960s at the computer division of General Electric (which later became Honeywell Information ... | Integrated Data Store | 0.796223 |
97,991 | Born in Louisville, Kentucky, Albus received the B.S. degree in physics from Wheaton College, Illinois, in 1957 and the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Ohio State University, Columbus, in 1958. In 1972 he received a Ph.D. | James S. Albus | 0.796223 |
97,992 | The TLA+ Proof System, or TLAPS, mechanically checks proofs written in TLA+. It was developed at the Microsoft Research-INRIA Joint Centre to prove correctness of concurrent and distributed algorithms. The proof language is designed to be independent of any particular theorem prover; proofs are written in a declarative... | TLA+ | 0.796223 |
97,993 | Minkowski's theorem relates the number d(Λ) and the volume of a symmetric convex set S to the number of lattice points contained in S. The number of lattice points contained in a polytope all of whose vertices are elements of the lattice is described by the polytope's Ehrhart polynomial. Formulas for some of the coeffi... | Lattice point | 0.796223 |
97,994 | Fluorine's chemistry is dominated by its strong tendency to gain an electron. It is the most electronegative element and elemental fluorine is a strong oxidant. The removal of an electron from a fluorine atom requires so much energy that no known reagents are known to oxidize fluorine to any positive oxidation state.Th... | Compounds of fluorine | 0.796223 |
97,995 | Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 14, 829–31. Thomas, A. W. (1923). | Arthur W. Thomas | 0.796222 |
97,996 | In qualitative terms, a line integral in vector calculus can be thought of as a measure of the total effect of a given tensor field along a given curve. For example, the line integral over a scalar field (rank 0 tensor) can be interpreted as the area under the field carved out by a particular curve. This can be visuali... | Line integral | 0.796222 |
97,997 | In mathematics, an affine representation of a topological Lie group G on an affine space A is a continuous (smooth) group homomorphism from G to the automorphism group of A, the affine group Aff(A). Similarly, an affine representation of a Lie algebra g on A is a Lie algebra homomorphism from g to the Lie algebra aff(A... | Affine representation | 0.796222 |
97,998 | The Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of chemistry established in 1974 by the Society of Chemists and Technologists of Macedonia. Since 2022 it is co-published with the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje. | Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering | 0.796222 |
97,999 | It evaluates signatures based on a metric about the distance of humanity to the capacity of developing the signature's required technology – a comparison to contemporary human technology footprints, associated methods of detection and ancillary benefits of their search for other astronomy. The study's conclusions inclu... | Technosignature | 0.796222 |
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