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98,100 | Khachatryan, Rima (2007). Inorganic Chemistry: Textbook for medical colleges, Volume I, Yerevan. Lucky Print. ISBN 978-99941-71-19-4. | Rima Khachatryan | 0.7962 |
98,101 | Parity (physics) § Molecules CPT theorem CP violation PT symmetry Lorentz violation | Symmetries in quantum mechanics | 0.7962 |
98,102 | Explicitly, consider A n 2 × A 1 {\displaystyle \mathbb {A} ^{n^{2}}\times \mathbb {A} ^{1}} where the affine line is given coordinate t. Then GL n ( k ) {\displaystyle \operatorname {GL} _{n}(k)} amounts to the zero-locus in A n 2 × A 1 {\displaystyle \mathbb {A} ^{n^{2}}\times \mathbb {A} ^{1}} of the polynomial in... | Affine curve | 0.7962 |
98,103 | Aldo Andreotti and Theodore Frankel recognized that Lefschetz's theorem could be recast using Morse theory. Here the parameter t plays the role of a Morse function. The basic tool in this approach is the Andreotti–Frankel theorem, which states that a complex affine variety of complex dimension n (and thus real dimensio... | Weak Lefschetz theorem | 0.7962 |
98,104 | In her experiment, Wu took advantage of the controlling role of weak interactions in radioactive decay of atomic isotopes to establish the chirality of the weak force. By contrast, in interactions that are symmetric under parity, such as electromagnetism in atomic and molecular physics, parity serves as a powerful cont... | Parity violation | 0.7962 |
98,105 | The second paper is "The Imaginary of the Algebra". Similar to Homersham Cox (1882/83), Macfarlane uses the hyperbolic versor as the hyperbolic quaternion corresponding to the versor of Hamilton. The presentation is encumbered by the notation h α A = cosh A + sinh A α π / 2 . | Alexander Macfarlane | 0.796199 |
98,106 | The LCF approach provides similar trustworthiness to systems that generate explicit proof certificates but without the need to store proof objects in memory. The Theorem data type can be easily implemented to optionally store proof objects, depending on the system's run-time configuration, so it generalizes the basic p... | Logic for Computable Functions | 0.796199 |
98,107 | Anna Kornienko, J. H. Melman, G. Hall, T. J. Emge, John G. Brennan (2002-01-01). "Chalcogen Rich Lanthanide Clusters from Halide Starting Materials (II): Selenido Compounds". Inorganic Chemistry. 41 (1): 121–126. | Erbium selenide | 0.796199 |
98,108 | We first set y = GNN ( X , A ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {y} ={\text{GNN}}(\mathbf {X} ,\mathbf {A} )} where GNN {\displaystyle {\text{GNN}}} is a generic permutation equivariant GNN layer (e.g., GCN, GAT, MPNN). The Self-attention pooling layer can then be formalised as follows: X ′ = ( X ⊙ y ) i {\displaystyle \mathbf {... | Graph neural network | 0.796198 |
98,109 | 186–209 “The Message of the Quantum?”, with M. Daumer, D. Dürr, S. Goldstein, R. Tumulka, and N. Zanghì, in Quantum Mechanics: Are there Quantum Jumps? and On the Present Status of Quantum Mechanics, edited by A. Bassi, D. Dürr, T. Weber and N. Zanghì, AIP Conference Proceedings 844, 129-132 (American Institute of Phys... | Tim Maudlin | 0.796198 |
98,110 | In chemistry a convergent synthesis is a strategy that aims to improve the efficiency of multistep synthesis, most often in organic synthesis. In this type of synthesis several individual pieces of a complex molecule are synthesized in stage one, and then in stage two these pieces are combined to form the final product... | Convergent synthesis | 0.796198 |
98,111 | S2CID 35147364. Kolesnichenko, Pavel; Zhang, Qianhui; Zheng, Changxi; Fuhrer, Michael; Davis, Jeffrey (2021). "Multidimensional analysis of excitonic spectra of monolayers of tungsten disulphide: toward computer-aided identification of structural and environmental perturbations of 2D materials". Machine Learning: Scien... | Two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials | 0.796198 |
98,112 | In ergodic theory, Kac's lemma, demonstrated by mathematician Mark Kac in 1947, is a lemma stating that in a measure space the orbit of almost all the points contained in a set A {\displaystyle A} of such space, whose measure is μ ( A ) {\displaystyle \mu (A)} , return to A {\displaystyle A} within an average time inve... | Kac's lemma | 0.796198 |
98,113 | : 29 SAN switches are for redundancy purposes set up in a meshed topology. A single SAN switch can have as few as 8 ports and up to 32 ports with modular extensions. : 35 So-called director-class switches can have as many as 128 ports. | Storage layer | 0.796198 |
98,114 | Future Nobel laureate in physics Igor Tamm was his associate in setting tourist camps in the mountains. Boris Delaunay worked in the fields of modern algebra, the geometry of numbers. | Boris Delaunay | 0.796197 |
98,115 | His estimates used Bayes' theorem with a uniform prior probability and assumed that his sample was random. Alexander Ivanovich Chuprov introduced sample surveys to Imperial Russia in the 1870s.In the US the 1936 Literary Digest prediction of a Republican win in the presidential election went badly awry, due to severe b... | Random sample | 0.796197 |
98,116 | In 2016, Portugal achieved 100% renewable electricity for four days between 7 and 11 May, partly because efficient energy use had reduced electricity demand. France and Sweden have low carbon intensity, since they predominantly use a mixture of nuclear power and hydroelectricity. In 2018 Scotland met 76% of their deman... | 100% renewable energy | 0.796197 |
98,117 | The notions of unibranch and geometrically unibranch points are used in some theorems in algebraic geometry. For example, there is the following result: Theorem Let X and Y be two integral locally noetherian schemes and f: X → Y {\displaystyle f\colon X\to Y} a proper dominant morphism. Denote their function fields by ... | Unibranch local ring | 0.796197 |
98,118 | Relativistic Doppler shift for the longitudinal case, with source and receiver moving directly towards or away from each other, is often derived as if it were the classical phenomenon, but modified by the addition of a time dilation term. This is the approach employed in first-year physics or mechanics textbooks such a... | Relativistic Doppler effect | 0.796197 |
98,119 | It has also been shown to circumvent acquired cisplatin resistance in breast cancer cells under in invitro conditions.Thiostrepton is used in molecular biology as a reagent for both positive and negative selection of genes involved in nucleotide metabolism.Thiostrepton has also shown promise in treating osteoporosis in... | Thiostrepton | 0.796196 |
98,120 | During his high school years he showed mathematical talents, once demonstrating to his classmates and teacher an original proof of the Pythagorean theorem. The teacher praised his skills but he failed the grade for violating the textbook's guidelines. After graduating from the gymnasium, Shukhov entered the Imperial Mo... | Vladimir Shukhov | 0.796196 |
98,121 | Generic programming is defined in Musser & Stepanov (1989) as follows, Generic programming centers around the idea of abstracting from concrete, efficient algorithms to obtain generic algorithms that can be combined with different data representations to produce a wide variety of useful software. The "generic programmi... | Generic programming | 0.796196 |
98,122 | As a post-doctoral student, he was at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) in Berkeley, and then a tutor at Jesus College, Oxford. From 1998 until shortly before his death he was a professor at the Pennsylvania State University. His research interests center around index theorems, coarse geometry, operat... | John Roe (mathematician) | 0.796195 |
98,123 | Astatine has some metallic characteristics as well, such as plating onto a cathode, and coprecipitating with metal sulfides in hydrochloric acid. It forms complexes with EDTA, a metal chelating agent, and is capable of acting as a metal in antibody radiolabeling; in some respects, astatine in the +1 state is akin to si... | Astatine | 0.796195 |
98,124 | According to statistics provided by the National Hospital Discharge Survey approximately 2,000 people die every year in the US from obstruction due to adhesions. Depending on the severity of the obstruction, a partial obstruction may relieve itself with conservative medical intervention. Many obstructive events require... | Intra-abdominal adhesion | 0.796195 |
98,125 | In materials science, a dislocation or Taylor's dislocation is a linear crystallographic defect or irregularity within a crystal structure that contains an abrupt change in the arrangement of atoms. The movement of dislocations allow atoms to slide over each other at low stress levels and is known as glide or slip. The... | Dislocation | 0.796195 |
98,126 | Thousands of coordinate systems have been specified for use around the world or in specific regions and for various purposes, necessitating transformations between different SRS. Although they date to the Hellenic Period, spatial reference systems are now a crucial basis for the sciences and technologies of Geoinformat... | Spatial referencing system | 0.796195 |
98,127 | The following equations are for predicting the rate at which liquid evaporates from the surface of a pool of liquid which is at or near the ambient temperature. The equations were developed by Warren Stiver and Dennis Mackay of the Chemical Engineering Department at the University of Toronto. E = k ⋅ P ⋅ M R ⋅ T A {\di... | Accidental release source terms | 0.796195 |
98,128 | Sometimes the theorem is also referred to as the Lie–Kolchin triangularization theorem because by induction it implies that with respect to a suitable basis of V the image ρ ( G ) {\displaystyle \rho (G)} has a triangular shape; in other words, the image group ρ ( G ) {\displaystyle \rho (G)} is conjugate in GL(n,K) (w... | Lie–Kolchin theorem | 0.796195 |
98,129 | Zirconium acetylacetonate is the coordination complex with the formula Zr(C5H7O2)4. It is a common acetylacetonate of zirconium. It is a white solid that exhibits high solubility in nonpolar organic solvents, but not simple hydrocarbons.The complex is prepared by treating zirconium oxychloride with acetylacetone: ZrOCl... | Zirconium acetylacetonate | 0.796195 |
98,130 | With an accurate understanding of the intent of EBO, none of these assertions has any validity. "Colonels Carpenter and Andrews, writing in Joint Forces Quarterly noted "When EBO has been misunderstood, overextended, or misapplied in exercises, it has primarily been through misapplication or over-engineering, not becau... | Effects-based operations | 0.796195 |
98,131 | Now, defining sub-models and model embeddings in an analogous way to subgraphs and graph embeddings, all of the definitions and theorems above can be nearly directly translated into the language of model theory. The fact that the theory of flag algebras generalizes well means that it can be used not only to solve probl... | Flag algebra | 0.796194 |
98,132 | Woodin's Ω-conjecture asserts that if there is a proper class of Woodin cardinals (for technical reasons, most results in the theory are most easily stated under this assumption), then Ω-logic satisfies an analogue of the completeness theorem. From this conjecture, it can be shown that, if there is any single axiom whi... | Ω-logic | 0.796194 |
98,133 | Biomolecular condensates can be synthesized for a number of purposes. Synthetic biomolecular condensates are inspired by endogenous biomolecular condensates, such as nucleoli, P bodies, and stress granules, which are essential to normal cellular organization and function.Synthetic condensates are an important tool in s... | Biomolecular condensate | 0.796194 |
98,134 | For this is not as many imagine a simple and elementary body, but a confused aggregate of 'effluviums' from such differing bodies, that, though they all agree in constituting by their minuteness and various motions one great mass of fluid matter, yet perhaps there is scarce a more heterogeneous body in the world. Altho... | Suspicions about the Hidden Realities of the Air | 0.796194 |
98,135 | Michael Artin and Barry Mazur associated to the site underlying a topos a pro-simplicial set (up to homotopy). (It's better to consider it in Ho(pro-SS); see Edwards) Using this inverse system of simplicial sets one may sometimes associate to a homotopy invariant in classical topology an inverse system of invariants in... | Topos theory | 0.796193 |
98,136 | 1964 Newton High School, Newton, New Jersey 1968 B.Sc. (Physics), Swarthmore College (Highest Honors) 1974 Ph.D. (Physics), University of California, Berkeley 1974–1976 (NRC Postdoctoral Fellow), Columbia University Goddard Institute for Space Studies | John C. Mather | 0.796193 |
98,137 | In molecular biology, snoRNA U50 (also known as SNORD50) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleola... | Small nucleolar RNA SNORD50 | 0.796193 |
98,138 | To complete the algebraic analysis, we need to find out what happens when we repeatedly apply U s U ω {\displaystyle U_{s}U_{\omega }} . A natural way to do this is by eigenvalue analysis of a matrix. Notice that during the entire computation, the state of the algorithm is a linear combination of s {\displaystyle s} an... | Quantum oracle | 0.796193 |
98,139 | In the branch of physics called statistical mechanics, entropy is a measure of the randomness or disorder of a physical system. This concept was studied in the 1870s by the Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann, who showed that the thermodynamic properties of a gas could be derived from the combined properties of its man... | String theorist | 0.796193 |
98,140 | In mathematics and computer science, the right quotient (or simply quotient) of a language L 1 {\displaystyle L_{1}} with respect to language L 2 {\displaystyle L_{2}} is the language consisting of strings w such that wx is in L 1 {\displaystyle L_{1}} for some string x in L 2 {\displaystyle L_{2}} . Formally: In other... | Quotient of a formal language | 0.796193 |
98,141 | André Haefliger proved that there are no smooth j-dimensional knots in Sn provided 2n − 3j − 3 > 0, and gave further examples of knotted spheres for all n > j ≥ 1 such that 2n − 3j − 3 = 0. n − j is called the codimension of the knot. An interesting aspect of Haefliger's work is that the isotopy classes of embeddings o... | Knots and graphs | 0.796193 |
98,142 | In computer science and information theory, a Huffman code is a particular type of optimal prefix code that is commonly used for lossless data compression. The process of finding or using such a code is Huffman coding, an algorithm developed by David A. Huffman while he was a Sc.D. student at MIT, and published in the ... | Length-limited Huffman code | 0.796192 |
98,143 | It is not necessary that G is affine. Thus, the theorem also applies to abelian varieties (e.g., elliptic curves.) In fact, this application was Lang's initial motivation. If G is affine, the Frobenius σ {\displaystyle \sigma } may be replaced by any surjective map with finitely many fixed points (see below for the pre... | Lang map | 0.796192 |
98,144 | Elisabeth M. Werner is a mathematician who works as a professor of mathematics at Case Western Reserve University, as associate director of the Institute for Mathematics and its Applications, and as maître de conférences at the Lille University of Science and Technology. Her research interests include convex geometry, ... | Elisabeth M. Werner | 0.796192 |
98,145 | In 1969 he moved to Brown University. He exploited mathematical analogies between solid state physics and urban growth to shed insights into the latter field, so much so that he contributed substantially to the statewide planning program in Rhode Island. In 1978 he moved to the University of Chicago, where he became th... | Leo Kadanoff | 0.796192 |
98,146 | PALISADE includes the following features: Post-quantum public-key encryption Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren (BFV) scheme for integer arithmetic with RNS optimizations Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan (BGV) scheme for integer arithmetic with RNS optimizations Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song (CKKS) scheme... | PALISADE (software) | 0.796192 |
98,147 | The Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering is an academic unit of Indiana University located on the Indiana University Bloomington (IUB) campus and on the Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus. On the Bloomington campus, the School consists of the Department of Informatics,... | Indiana University School of Informatics | 0.796191 |
98,148 | In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the order-8-4 square honeycomb (or 4,8,4 honeycomb) a regular space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) with Schläfli symbol {4,8,4}. All vertices are ultra-ideal (existing beyond the ideal boundary) with four order-5 square tilings existing around each edge and with an order-4 oc... | Order-8-5 pentagonal honeycomb | 0.796191 |
98,149 | Bernardini, Alberto; Tonon, Fulvio (2010). Bounding Uncertainty in Civil Engineering: Theoretical Background. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-11189-1. | Probability bounds analysis | 0.796191 |
98,150 | Family ASTRO – a project that develops kits and games to help families enjoy astronomy in their leisure time and trains astronomers, educators, and community leaders. Astronomy from the Ground Up (AFGU) – Providing informal science educators and interpreters with new and innovative ways to communicate astronomy. AFGU i... | Astronomical Society of the Pacific | 0.79619 |
98,151 | Hood demonstrated that the condition called "shiverer mouse" arose from a defect in the MBP gene. Hood's research group corrected the neurological defect in mice (the shiverer defect) by transferring a normal MBP gene into the fertilized egg of the shiverer mouse. These discoveries led to extensive studies of MBP and i... | Leroy Hood | 0.79619 |
98,152 | In all of these cases, however, the mothers and children were not similarly affected, suggesting a variable clinical expression of the syndrome.In a study published by the American Journal of Human Genetics in 2012, exome sequencing was used to investigate a group of unrelated individuals with classic features of FHS a... | Floating–Harbor syndrome | 0.796189 |
98,153 | Nao humanoid: University of Freiburg's Humanoid Robots Lab developed a ROS integration for the Nao humanoid based on an initial port by Brown University UBR1: developed by Unbounded Robotics, a spin-off of Willow Garage. ROSbot: autonomous robot platform by Husarion Webots: robot simulator integrating a complete ROS pr... | Robot Operating System | 0.796189 |
98,154 | Clinging nappes have no air beneath, and the stream flows along the face of the weir. The shape that fills in this area is called an Ogee. Discharge for these weirs is approximately 25% to 30% more than free nappes. The geometry of a weir dictates the coefficient of discharge that passes through the crest, which is pro... | Nappe (water) | 0.796189 |
98,155 | De Broglie–Bohm theory highlighted the issue of nonlocality: it inspired John Stewart Bell to prove his now-famous theorem, which in turn led to the Bell test experiments. In the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen paradox, the authors describe a thought experiment that one could perform on a pair of particles that have interacted... | De Broglie-Bohm theory | 0.796189 |
98,156 | This is a list of graph theory topics, by Wikipedia page. See glossary of graph theory terms for basic terminology | List of graph theory topics | 0.796189 |
98,157 | Therefore the variable shift is actually something predictable. Again, for the cyclotomic polynomial, it becomes (x − 1)p−1 mod p;the discriminant can be shown to be (up to sign) pp−2, by linear algebra methods. More precisely, only totally ramified primes have a chance of being Eisenstein primes for the polynomial. (I... | Eisenstein's criterion | 0.796189 |
98,158 | The high-voltage traction battery is carried beneath the body floor. Initially, only one traction battery size will be manufactured, with the same 135 kW-hr capacity and composition as the "Large" battery for R1T and R1S vehicles, using Samsung NCA battery chemistry in 2170-sized cylindrical cells. However, Rivian have... | Rivian EDV | 0.796188 |
98,159 | Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Music Media and Technology (CIRMMT) Montreal, Canada Institute de Recherche et Coordination Acoustique/Musique (IRCAM) Paris, France GRAME - National Center for Music Creation, Lyon, France Sound & Music Computing, Aalborg University Copenhagen, Denmark Audio Analysis Lab, Aalbo... | Sound and music computing | 0.796188 |
98,160 | Mohr's theorem can be used to derive the three moment theorem (TMT). | Theorem of three moments | 0.796188 |
98,161 | Their importance is due to the classical theorem: Theorem: Two operators of the form are equivalent under gauge transformations if and only if their Laplace invariants coincide pairwise. Here the operators A and A ~ {\displaystyle A\quad {\text{and}}\quad {\tilde {A}}} are called equivalent if there is a gauge transfor... | Laplace invariant | 0.796188 |
98,162 | The Cyberinfrastructure for Network Science (CNS) Center was founded in October 2005 by Professor Katy Börner at Indiana University, Bloomington. It emerged from the Information Visualization Lab at IU that focused on the analysis and visualization of data since 1999. With the advent of CNS, the mission was broadened f... | Cyberinfrastructure for Network Science Center | 0.796187 |
98,163 | The Matter/Form dichotomy was to become highly influential in later philosophy as the substance/essence distinction. The opening arguments in Aristotle's Metaphysics, Book I, revolve around the senses, knowledge, experience, theory, and wisdom. The first main focus in the Metaphysics is attempting to determine how inte... | Identity and change | 0.796187 |
98,164 | According to Cator and Landsman, Conway and Kochen prove that "determinism is incompatible with a number of a priori desirable assumptions". Cator and Landsman compare the Min assumption to the locality assumption in Bell's theorem and conclude in the strong free will theorem's favor that it "uses fewer assumptions tha... | Free will theorem | 0.796187 |
98,165 | Demand-side management can apply to electricity system based on thermal power plants or to systems where renewable energy, as hydroelectricity, is predominant but with a complementary thermal generation, for instance, in Brazil. In Brazil’s case, despite the generation of hydroelectric power corresponds to more than 80... | Demand Side Management | 0.796187 |
98,166 | A maternal effect is a situation where the phenotype of an organism is determined not only by the environment it experiences and its genotype, but also by the environment and genotype of its mother. In genetics, maternal effects occur when an organism shows the phenotype expected from the genotype of the mother, irresp... | Maternal effect | 0.796187 |
98,167 | In statistics, the coverage probability, or coverage for short, is the probability that a confidence interval or confidence region will include the true value (parameter) of interest. It can be defined as the proportion of instances where the interval surrounds the true value as assessed by long-run frequency. | Coverage probability | 0.796187 |
98,168 | BEER (Biomathematics Ecology Education and Research) is an annual research symposium that takes place in the fall. The first BEER symposium took place in 2008 at Illinois State University with only 10 speakers and 30 attendees. By 2014, BEER was the second largest biomathematics conference globally. In 2017, the 10th a... | Intercollegiate Biomathematics Alliance | 0.796187 |
98,169 | in Applied Mathematics with minors in Population Ecology and Population Genetics from Cornell in 1977, with his dissertation being done on population biology modeling. He began a career in education in 1977 at Washington State University, where he worked as an assistant professor in the Department of Pure and Applied M... | Alan Hastings | 0.796186 |
98,170 | Integrating the differential equation from t n {\displaystyle t_{n}} to t n + 1 {\displaystyle t_{n+1}} , we find that The trapezoidal rule states that the integral on the right-hand side can be approximated as Now combine both formulas and use that y n ≈ y ( t n ) {\displaystyle y_{n}\approx y(t_{n})} and y n + 1 ≈ y ... | Trapezoidal rule (differential equations) | 0.796186 |
98,171 | This "mutual" effect, and the ability of an accelerated mass to warp lightbeam geometry and lightbeam-based coordinate systems, is referred to as frame-dragging. Frame-dragging removes the usual distinction between accelerated frames (which show gravitational effects) and inertial frames (where the geometry is supposed... | Accelerated frame | 0.796186 |
98,172 | Suppose we have, in matrix notation, the linear relationship y = X β + ε , ( y , ε ∈ R n , β ∈ R K and X ∈ R n × K ) {\displaystyle y=X\beta +\varepsilon ,\quad (y,\varepsilon \in \mathbb {R} ^{n},\beta \in \mathbb {R} ^{K}{\text{ and }}X\in \mathbb {R} ^{n\times K})} expanding to, y i = ∑ j = 1 K β j X i j + ε i ∀ i =... | Gauss–Markov theorem | 0.796186 |
98,173 | Zygmunt J. Haas is a professor and distinguished chair in computer science, University of Texas at Dallas (UTD) also the professor emeritus in electrical and computer engineering, Cornell University. His research interests include ad hoc networks, wireless networks, sensor networks, and zone routing protocols. | Zygmunt Haas | 0.796185 |
98,174 | Modern human populations are becoming more difficult to define within traditional racial boundaries due to racial admixture. Most scientific studies, applications, and government documents ask individuals to self-identify race from a limited assortment of common racial categories. The conflict between self-identificati... | Race and health | 0.796185 |
98,175 | In mathematics and mathematical biology, the Mackey–Glass equations, named after Michael Mackey and Leon Glass, refer to a family of delay differential equations whose behaviour manages to mimic both healthy and pathological behaviour in certain biological contexts, controlled by the equation's parameters. Originally, ... | Mackey–Glass equations | 0.796185 |
98,176 | Domain theory Directed complete partial order Knaster–Tarski theorem | List of functional programming topics | 0.796185 |
98,177 | The statistics on EW-MFA are usually combined in order to create indicators. The definitions explained below are extracted from the work of Eurostat and are applied by the national statistical officies who are following the framework of EW-MFA. Input side: DE, DMC, and DMI Output side: DPODirect material consumption (D... | Economy-wide material flow accounts | 0.796185 |
98,178 | The Bancroft rule in colloidal chemistry states: "The phase in which an emulsifier is more soluble constitutes the continuous phase." This means that water-soluble surfactants tend to give oil-in-water emulsions and oil-soluble surfactants give water-in-oil emulsions. It is a general rule of thumb, still used, but rega... | Bancroft rule | 0.796184 |
98,179 | Peter Trefonas is a son of Louis Marco Trefonas, also a chemist, and Gail Thames. He was inspired by Star Trek and the writings of Isaac Asimov, and created his own chemistry lab at home. Trefonas attended the University of New Orleans, receiving his Bachelor of Science in chemistry in 1980.While an undergraduate, Tref... | Peter Trefonas | 0.796184 |
98,180 | His research interests have involved the automated analysis of data in scientific publications, creation of virtual communities, e.g. The Virtual School of Natural Sciences in the Globewide Network Academy, and the Semantic Web. With Henry Rzepa, he has extended this to chemistry through the development of markup langu... | Peter Murray-Rust | 0.796184 |
98,181 | Christine "Christy" Chow is a professor of chemistry (biochemistry division) and former associate dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences at Wayne State University. She works on modified RNAs, RNA-ligand interactions and RNA therapeutics. She is a Fellow of the American Chemical Society (ACS). | Christine S. Chow | 0.796184 |
98,182 | His interest in physics began at that time when he read Einstein's reflections on the two tasks he would leave unfinished at his death: 1, to make sense of quantum mechanics, and, 2 to unify that understanding of the quanta with gravity. Smolin would take it as his "mission" to try to complete these tasks. : 12 Shortly... | Fecund universes theory | 0.796184 |
98,183 | Leon Ong Chua (; Chinese: 蔡少棠; pinyin: Cài Shǎotáng; Wade–Giles: Ts'ai Shao-t'ang; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhòa Siáu-tông; born June 28, 1936) is an American electrical engineer and computer scientist. He is a professor in the electrical engineering and computer sciences department at the University of California, Berkeley, which... | Leon O. Chua | 0.796183 |
98,184 | Although there was a prevailing Kantian consensus at the time, once non-Euclidean geometries had been formalised, some began to wonder whether or not physical space is curved. Carl Friedrich Gauss, a German mathematician, was the first to consider an empirical investigation of the geometrical structure of space. He tho... | Physical space | 0.796183 |
98,185 | In linear algebra, Cramer's rule is an explicit formula for the solution of a system of linear equations with as many equations as unknowns, valid whenever the system has a unique solution. It expresses the solution in terms of the determinants of the (square) coefficient matrix and of matrices obtained from it by repl... | Cramer's Rule | 0.796183 |
98,186 | Computational sociology is a branch of sociology that uses computationally intensive methods to analyze and model social phenomena. Using computer simulations, artificial intelligence, complex statistical methods, and analytic approaches like social network analysis, computational sociology develops and tests theories ... | Computational sociology | 0.796183 |
98,187 | Leukotrienes, which require the FLAP protein to be synthesized, have an established pathological role in allergic and respiratory diseases. Animal and human genetic evidence suggests they may also have an important role in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The structure of FLAP provides a tool for the... | Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein | 0.796183 |
98,188 | In May 2017, Marcy co-authored studies related to laser light emissions from stars, as a way of detecting technology-related signals from an alien civilization. The study included Tabby's Star (KIC 8462852), an oddly dimming star whose unusual light fluctuations may be the result of interference by an artificial megast... | Geoffrey Marcy | 0.796182 |
98,189 | When two or more two-port networks are connected, the two-port parameters of the combined network can be found by performing matrix algebra on the matrices of parameters for the component two-ports. The matrix operation can be made particularly simple with an appropriate choice of two-port parameters to match the form ... | Two port networks | 0.796182 |
98,190 | He used the fact that taking the loop space of a well behaved space shifts all the homotopy groups down by 1, so the nth homotopy group of a space X is the first homotopy group of its (n−1)-fold repeated loop space, which is equal to the first homology group of the (n−1)-fold loop space by the Hurewicz theorem. This re... | Stable stem | 0.796182 |
98,191 | This mechanism allows game designers to provide interactive conversations with nonplayer characters without having to tackle the challenges of natural language processing in the field of artificial intelligence. In games such as Monkey Island, these conversations can help demonstrate the personality of certain characte... | Dialogue tree | 0.796181 |
98,192 | It is a simple exercise in topology to see that every three elements of a Puppe sequence are, up to a homotopy, of the form: X → Y → C ( f ) {\displaystyle X\to Y\to C(f)} .By "up to a homotopy", we mean here that every 3 elements in a Puppe sequence are of the above form if regarded as objects and morphisms in the hom... | Puppe sequence | 0.796181 |
98,193 | A (Noetherian) ring R containing a field k is called geometrically regular over k if for any finite extension K of k the ring R ⊗k K is a regular ring. A homomorphism of rings from R to S is called regular if it is flat and for every p ∈ Spec(R) the fiber S ⊗R k(p) is geometrically regular over the residue field k(p) o... | Grothendieck ring | 0.796181 |
98,194 | Lyapunov contributed to several fields, including differential equations, potential theory, dynamical systems and probability theory. His main preoccupations were the stability of equilibria and the motion of mechanical systems, especially rotating fluid masses, and the study of particles under the influence of gravity... | Aleksandr Lyapunov | 0.796181 |
98,195 | Specialized in mathematical physics under Salam, Rashid had developed an early interest in scattering theory where he had published numerous papers. His contribution to scattering theory at Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission had made breaking discoveries to the field of nuclear physics. On 29 March 2009, at the Mathemat... | Muneer Ahmad Rashid | 0.79618 |
98,196 | When the target is a set of many scattering centers whose relative position varies unpredictably, it is customary to think of a range equation whose arguments take different forms in different application areas. In the simplest case consider an interaction that removes particles from the "unscattered beam" at a uniform... | Wave scattering | 0.79618 |
98,197 | Sharwood further argued that corporations frequently purchase directors and officers liability insurance but that it would be practically impossible to get such insurance for VITAL. Sharwood also wrote that were VITAL to be hacked, any misinformation it outputs could be considered "false and misleading communications".... | VITAL (machine learning software) | 0.79618 |
98,198 | Ping was an assistant project scientist in the department of pharmacology at the University of California, San Diego. She joined the Structural Biophysics Laboratory at National Cancer Institute (NCI) as a NIH Stadtman Tenure Track Investigator in August 2016. She researches the structural and mechanistic basis of mult... | Ping Zhang (biologist) | 0.79618 |
98,199 | To cope with such intermittence by nuclear (and centralized fossil-fueled) power plants, utilities install a "reserve margin" of roughly 15% extra capacity spinning ready for instant use.Lovins also argues that nuclear plants have an additional disadvantage: for safety, they must instantly shut down in a power failure,... | Amory Lovins | 0.79618 |
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