id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 20 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 104 | similarity float32 0.8 0.91 |
|---|---|---|---|
99,000 | The Grms value is typically used to express the overall energy of a particular random vibration event and is a statistical value used in mechanical engineering for structural design and analysis purposes. While the term power spectral density (PSD) is commonly used to specify a random vibration event, ASD is more appro... | Random vibration | 0.796028 |
99,001 | As the molecule has acrylic functionality, it is capable of undergoing the Michael reaction with an amine. This allows it use in epoxy chemistry where its use speeds up the cure time considerably. | 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate | 0.796028 |
99,002 | In 1877, Felix Hoppe-Seyler used the term (biochemie in German) as a synonym for physiological chemistry in the foreword to the first issue of Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie (Journal of Physiological Chemistry) where he argued for the setting up of institutes dedicated to this field of study. The German chemist ... | Biochemistry | 0.796027 |
99,003 | identification parts code prefix: AXD, ID codes: AXE engine configuration & engine displacement inline five-cylinder (R5) Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) turbodiesel; 2,461 cc (150.2 cu in); bore x stroke: 81.0 mm × 95.5 mm (3.19 in × 3.76 in), stroke ratio: 0.85:1 - undersquare/long-stroke, 492.1 cc per cylinder,[... | EA 189 | 0.796027 |
99,004 | As DNA printing and DNA assembly methods have allowed commercial gene synthesis to become progressively and exponentially cheaper over the past years, artificial gene synthesis represents a powerful and flexible engineering tool for creating and designing new DNA sequences and protein functions. Besides synthetic biolo... | Gene synthesis | 0.796027 |
99,005 | Longer processing sequences, processing of extra dark colors and reprocessing lead to extra water consumption. And process optimization and right first-time production may save much water. Fresh water: Most water used in the textile industry is from deep well water which is found 800 ft below the surface level. | Wet process engineering | 0.796027 |
99,006 | The combined cost estimate for generation, storage, and transmission, excluding distribution, is 6.87 ¢/kWh.A 2016 study looked at the relationship between storage and transmission capacity under high shares of renewable energy sources (RES) in an EUMENA power system. It found that, up to a certain extent, transmission... | Open energy system models | 0.796027 |
99,007 | If A is a finite-dimensional unital associative K-algebra, then its K-dual A∗ consisting of all K-linear maps from A to K is a coalgebra. The multiplication of A can be viewed as a linear map A ⊗ A → A, which when dualized yields a linear map A∗ → (A ⊗ A)∗. In the finite-dimensional case, (A ⊗ A)∗ is naturally isomorph... | Sweedler notation | 0.796026 |
99,008 | In computer algebra, an Ore algebra is a special kind of iterated Ore extension that can be used to represent linear functional operators, including linear differential and/or recurrence operators. The concept is named after Øystein Ore. | Ore algebra | 0.796026 |
99,009 | The key claim in this proof was independently found by Caro and Wei. This proof is due to Noga Alon and Joel Spencer, from their book The Probabilistic Method. The proof shows that every graph with degrees d 1 , d 2 , … , d n {\displaystyle d_{1},d_{2},\ldots ,d_{n}} has an independent set of size at leastThe proof att... | Turán's theorem | 0.796026 |
99,010 | Alternatives assessment was originally developed as a robust way to guide precautionary action and avoid paralysis by analysis; authors such as O'Brien have presented alternatives assessment as an approach that is complementary to risk assessment, the dominant decision-making approach in environmental policy. Likewise,... | Alternatives assessment | 0.796026 |
99,011 | Solidoodle offers free tech support to all of their users, and maintains learning materials on their website for those interested in learning 3D printing. | Solidoodle | 0.796026 |
99,012 | stable A decreasing filtration of a module is called stable (with respect to an ideal I) if Mn+1=IMn for all sufficiently large n. stably free A module M over a ring R is called stably free if M⊕Rn is free for some natural number n. Stanley 1. Named after Richard P. Stanley 2. A Stanley–Reisner ring is a quotient of a ... | Formally equidimensional | 0.796026 |
99,013 | The study divided planets into three groups based on radius: gas giants, gas dwarfs, and terrestrial planets with the dividing lines at 1.7 and 3.9 Earth radii. For these three groups the planet occurrence rates are 9.30, 2.03, and 1.72 times higher for metal-rich stars than for metal-poor stars, respectively. There is... | Exoplanet host stars | 0.796026 |
99,014 | In statistics, apophenia is an example of a type I error – the false identification of patterns in data. It may be compared to a so-called false positive in other test situations. | Apophenia | 0.796025 |
99,015 | The normal number theorem (1909), due to Émile Borel, could be one of the first examples of the probabilistic method, providing the first proof of existence of normal numbers, with the help of the first version of the strong law of large numbers (see also the first item of the section Analysis). The Rogers–Ramanujan id... | Probabilistic proofs of non-probabilistic theorems | 0.796025 |
99,016 | Dung and others, the defeasible reasoning approach of Henry Prakken and Giovanni Sartor, and pragma-dialectics by Frans H. van Eemeren and Rob Grootendorst. The ludics approach, initiated by Jean-Yves Girard, which provides an overall theory of proof-theoretical meaning based on interactive computation. The alternative... | Dialogical logic | 0.796025 |
99,017 | The causes of the current crisis in taxonomy have been ascribed to a loss of perspective in ecology and evolutionary biology as the modern evolutionary synthesis developed during the 1930s and 40s: a conflation of "pattern with process", "confusing the methods and goals of the emerging science of population genetics wi... | Taxonomic impediment | 0.796025 |
99,018 | Doğan Abukay is a Turkish experimental physicist and retired professor of Physics at the Izmir Institute of Technology His research areas include Applied Physics, Superconductivity, High Temperature Superconductors, Thin Film Growth, Josephson Junctions, SQUIDs and applications. | Doğan Abukay | 0.796025 |
99,019 | They differ by featuring a 24-bit buffer for storing off-screen pixmaps in addition to the 24-bit Z-buffer and double buffer. These 3D graphics accelerators implemented Digital's proprietary PixelStamp architecture, which is derived from two research projects, Pixel Planes from the University of North Carolina and The ... | DECstation | 0.796025 |
99,020 | Use the scaling (1 − n)x = ny to get y n − { s ( 1 − n n ) n − 1 } y − { s ( 1 − n n ) n } {\displaystyle y^{n}-\left\{s\left({\frac {1-n}{n}}\right)^{n-1}\right\}y-\left\{s\left({\frac {1-n}{n}}\right)^{n}\right\}} and with t = s ( 1 − n ) n − 1 n n , {\displaystyle t={\frac {s(1-n)^{n-1}}{n^{n}}},} we arrive at: g(y,... | Inverse Galois problem | 0.796025 |
99,021 | Finite-dimensional vector spaces over local fields and division algebras under the topology uniquely determined by the field's topology are studied, and lattices are defined topologically, an analogue of Minkowski's theorem is proved in this context, and the main theorems about character groups of these vector spaces, ... | Basic Number Theory | 0.796024 |
99,022 | Robert Clark Penner received his B.S. degree from Cornell University in 1977 and his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1981, the latter under the direction of James Munkres and David Gabai. In his doctoral studies, he solved a 50 year old problem posed by Max Dehn on the action of the mapping clas... | Robert Penner | 0.796024 |
99,023 | In robotics and motion planning, a velocity obstacle, commonly abbreviated VO, is the set of all velocities of a robot that will result in a collision with another robot at some moment in time, assuming that the other robot maintains its current velocity. If the robot chooses a velocity inside the velocity obstacle the... | Velocity obstacle | 0.796024 |
99,024 | See fixed-point theorems in infinite-dimensional spaces for a discussion of these theorems. There is also finite-dimensional generalization to a larger class of spaces: If X {\displaystyle X} is a product of finitely many chainable continua, then every continuous function f: X → X {\displaystyle f:X\rightarrow X} has a... | Brouwer's fixed point theorem | 0.796024 |
99,025 | At the time of its operation, CASA-MIA was the most sensitive experiment built to date in the study of gamma ray and cosmic ray interactions at energies above 100 TeV (1014 electronvolts). Research topics on data from this experiment covered a wide variety of physics issues, including the search for gamma rays from Gal... | Chicago Air Shower Array | 0.796023 |
99,026 | As a philosopher, he dealt with the Duhem–Quine thesis, the theory of confirmation using Bayesian statistics, the corrigibility and reliability of experimental results, and the resolution of conflicting observations. In 2016 he received the Abraham Pais Prize for History of Physics. He was elected in 1988 a Fellow of A... | Allan Franklin | 0.796023 |
99,027 | This was the notion that because some prominent person in the past said something must be so, then that was the way it was, and anything one observed to the contrary was an anomaly (which was paralleled by a similar shift in European society in general – see Copernicus's rejection of Ptolemy's theories on astronomy). P... | Medicine | 0.796023 |
99,028 | Holistic thinking can be applied to ecology, combining biological, chemical, physical, economic, ethical, and political insights. The complexity grows with the area, so that it is necessary to reduce the characteristic of the view in other ways, for example to a specific time of duration. | Holism in science | 0.796023 |
99,029 | In the mathematical field of graph theory, a permutation graph is a graph whose vertices represent the elements of a permutation, and whose edges represent pairs of elements that are reversed by the permutation. Permutation graphs may also be defined geometrically, as the intersection graphs of line segments whose endp... | Permutation graph | 0.796023 |
99,030 | Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) designates a limiting case of inelastic neutron scattering, characterized by energy transfers being small compared to the incident energy of the scattered particles. In a more strict meaning, it denotes scattering processes where dynamics in the sample (such as diffusive dynamics)... | Quasielastic neutron scattering | 0.796023 |
99,031 | Procedural parameters were invented before the age of electronic computers, by mathematician Alonzo Church, as part of his lambda calculus model of computation. Procedural parameters as a programming language feature were introduced by ALGOL 60. In fact, ALGOL 60 had a powerful "call by name" parameter-passing mechanis... | Procedural parameter | 0.796023 |
99,032 | In 2005, the Siuzdak Lab created an open-source tool named XCMS in the programming language R. Noticing the need for a more accessible, graphical data processing tool they created the cloud-based XCMS Online in 2012. The ability for users to stream data directly from instruments while being acquired was added in 2014. ... | XCMS Online | 0.796023 |
99,033 | The "special stepsize" is the stepsize which leads to a point which in the one-dimensional line spanned by the stochastic gradient minimizes the Euclidean distance from the unknown(!) minimizer of f {\displaystyle f} , namely, from x ∗ = A − 1 b . {\displaystyle x^{*}=A^{-1}b.} This insight is gained from a dual view o... | Kaczmarz method | 0.796022 |
99,034 | where the sum has been chosen to account for the real rescaling part of the projective map, and the coordinates must be moreover identified by the following U(1) action: ( z 1 , z 2 , z 3 ) ≈ e i ϕ ( z 1 , z 2 , z 3 ) . {\displaystyle (z_{1},z_{2},z_{3})\approx e^{i\phi }(z_{1},z_{2},z_{3}).\,\!} The approach of toric ... | Affine toric variety | 0.796022 |
99,035 | In organic chemistry, benzoyl (, BENZ-oh-il) is the functional group with the formula −COC6H5 and structure −C(=O)−C6H5. It can be viewed as benzaldehyde missing one hydrogen. The benzoyl group has a mass of 105 amu. The term "benzoyl" should not be confused with benzyl, which has the formula −CH2−C6H5. The benzoyl gro... | Benzoyl group | 0.796022 |
99,036 | The Mobile Autonomous Systems Laboratory, or Maslab, is a university-level vision-based autonomous robotics competition. The competition is open to students of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and requires multithreaded applications of image processing, robotic movements, and target ball deposition. The ... | Micro air vehicle events | 0.796022 |
99,037 | Accidental viewpoint contributes to the successful perception of anamorphic images, which intentionally appear distorted from non-accidental viewpoints. Other than viewing the image from a specific location, the distortion can be countered by looking at the image when reflected in a mirror (known as catoptric anamorpho... | Accidental viewpoint | 0.796022 |
99,038 | {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\sum _{k=0}^{n}{n \choose k}B_{n-k}(y)x^{k}&=\sum _{k=0}^{n}{n \choose k}L\left((z+y)^{n-k}\right)x^{k}\\&=L\left(\sum _{k=0}^{n}{n \choose k}(z+y)^{n-k}x^{k}\right)\\&=L\left((z+x+y)^{n}\right)\\&=B_{n}(x+y).\end{aligned}}} Rota later stated that much confusion resulted from the failure ... | Umbral calculus | 0.796022 |
99,039 | The pH and salinity level were viewed as benign from the standpoint of biology. The analysers also indicated the presence of bound water and CO2. A recent analysis of Martian meteorite EETA79001 found 0.6 ppm ClO4−, 1.4 ppm ClO3−, and 16 ppm NO3−, most likely of Martian origin. | Life on Mars | 0.796021 |
99,040 | Considering the possibility that BBN predictions are sound, the measured value of the primordial lithium abundance should be in error and astrophysical solutions offer revision to it. For example, systematic errors, including ionization correction and inaccurate stellar temperatures determination could affect Li/H rati... | Cosmological lithium problem | 0.796021 |
99,041 | This was embodied in a simple but effective arithmetic, for accounting purposes, based on the decimal numeral system; they knew the zero, and mastered addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. The mathematics of the Incas had an eminently applicative character to tasks of management, statistics, and measurem... | Mathematics of the Incas | 0.796021 |
99,042 | "Discovery of Multiple Modified F430 Coenzymes in Methanogens and Anaerobic Methanotrophic Archaea Suggests Possible New Roles for F430 in Nature". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 80 (20): 6403–6412. | Methanococcus aeolicus | 0.796021 |
99,043 | The location and scale measures used in forming an anomaly time-series may either be constant or may themselves be a time series or a map. For example, if the original time series consisted of daily mean temperatures, the effect of seasonal cycles might be removed using a deseasonalization filter. Robust statistics, re... | Anomaly (natural sciences) | 0.796021 |
99,044 | The use of the term "systems engineer" has evolved over time to embrace a wider, more holistic concept of "systems" and of engineering processes. This evolution of the definition has been a subject of ongoing controversy, and the term continues to apply to both the narrower and broader scope. Traditional systems engine... | Engineering systems | 0.796021 |
99,045 | A pair of sequences of nonnegative integers ( a 1 , … , a n ) {\displaystyle (a_{1},\ldots ,a_{n})} and ( b 1 , … , b n ) {\displaystyle (b_{1},\ldots ,b_{n})} with a 1 ≥ ⋯ ≥ a n {\displaystyle a_{1}\geq \cdots \geq a_{n}} is bigraphic if and only if ∑ i = 1 n a i = ∑ i = 1 n b i {\displaystyle \sum _{i=1}^{n}a_{i}=\su... | Gale–Ryser theorem | 0.796021 |
99,046 | An application of bio-mimicry via soft robotics is in ocean or space exploration. In the search for extraterrestrial life, scientists need to know more about extraterrestrial bodies of water, as water is the source of life on Earth. Soft robots could be used to mimic sea creatures that can efficiently maneuver through ... | Soft robotics | 0.796021 |
99,047 | Slonimski's Theorem is an observation by Hayyim Selig Slonimski that the sequence of carry digits in a multiplication table is the Farey sequence. This observation allowed Slonimski to create very compact multiplication tables for use in hand calculations. He received several awards for different devices for presenting... | Slonimski's Theorem | 0.796021 |
99,048 | Wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDXS or WDS) is a non-destructive analysis technique used to obtain elemental information about a range of materials by measuring characteristic x-rays within a small wavelength range. The technique generates a spectrum in which the peaks correspond to specific x-ray lines and ... | Wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy | 0.796021 |
99,049 | The 1977 paper with D. E. Schwartz uses linear programming duality to generalize Green and Kleitman's 1976 generalization of Dilworth's theorem on the decomposition of partially ordered sets, in yet another example of the unifying role duality plays in many combinatorial results. Throughout his career Hoffman sought si... | Alan J. Hoffman | 0.796021 |
99,050 | Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 978-1439855119. | H3O4P | 0.79602 |
99,051 | Gabor Tardos proved that, in a 2-interval hypergraph, τ(H) ≤ 2ν(H), and it is tight (i.e., every 2-interval hypergraph with a matching of size m, can be covered by 2m points). Kaiser proved that, in a d-interval hypergraph, τ(H) ≤ d(d – 1)ν(H), and moreover, every d-interval hypergraph with a matching of size m, can be... | D-interval hypergraph | 0.79602 |
99,052 | In order to use the Euclidean system of geometry as a model for the development of astronomical theory, Ptolemy first had to select hypotheses which could serve as axioms. He naturally regarded circular motion as fundamental and then used the circular motion of deferents and epicycles in his earth-centered theory. Alth... | Zhang Heng | 0.79602 |
99,053 | The enzyme glucose 6-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.9, G6Pase; systematic name D-glucose-6-phosphate phosphohydrolase) catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose 6-phosphate, resulting in the creation of a phosphate group and free glucose: D-glucose 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucose + phosphateGlucose is then exported from the cell via gl... | Glucose 6-phosphatase | 0.79602 |
99,054 | Gibbs's early papers on the use of graphical methods in thermodynamics reflect a powerfully original understanding of what mathematicians would later call "convex analysis", including ideas that, according to Barry Simon, "lay dormant for about seventy-five years". Important mathematical concepts based on Gibbs's work ... | Josiah Willard Gibbs | 0.79602 |
99,055 | these models can be global (simulating the entire earth) or they can be regional (focused on only a specific region). The trade-off between the two approaches is their resolution as well as the amount of detail they can provide; global models usually have lower horizontal resolution and represent less complex chemical ... | Atmospheric chemist | 0.796019 |
99,056 | So far, a unique scientific basis for circumscribing and describing the heterogeneous phenomenon "image" in an interpersonally verifiable manner has still been missing while distinct aspects falling in the domain of visualistics have predominantly been dealt with in several other disciplines, among them in particular p... | Computational visualistics | 0.796019 |
99,057 | Lumen Naturae is not the only book highlighting the connections between mathematics and art. Reviewer Paul McRae suggests as additional examples The Fourth Dimension and Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Art by Linda Dalrymple Henderson (1983), and Mathematics + Art: A Cultural History by Lynn Gamwell (2016). | Lumen Naturae | 0.796018 |
99,058 | In doing so, each line generates a height profile. Through the arrangement of several lines along the weld groove, a further dimension is achieved which shows the change of the height profiles of the groove geometry. Through the number of the lines, the resolution in groove longitudinal direction is increasing, however... | Sensors for arc welding | 0.796018 |
99,059 | Neithalath Mohan Kumar (N. Mohan Kumar) (born 12 May 1951) is an Indian mathematician who specializes in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry. Kumar is a full professor at Washington University in St. Louis.In 1994, he was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science a... | Neithalath Mohan Kumar | 0.796018 |
99,060 | Current research on odontogenic sinusitis is focused on improving diagnostic methods, understanding the microbiology of the condition, and optimizing treatment strategies. The role of novel technologies such as the use of artificial intelligence in managing such conditions is also being explored | Odontogenic sinusitis | 0.796018 |
99,061 | In particle physics, the Dirac equation is a relativistic wave equation derived by British physicist Paul Dirac in 1928. In its free form, or including electromagnetic interactions, it describes all spin-1⁄2 massive particles, called "Dirac particles", such as electrons and quarks for which parity is a symmetry. It is ... | Dirac's equation | 0.796018 |
99,062 | Progress in electromagnetic theory in the 19th century led to the discovery that light waves were in fact electromagnetic radiation. Some phenomena depend on light having both wave-like and particle-like properties. Explanation of these effects requires quantum mechanics. | Optical physicist | 0.796017 |
99,063 | Euclid's axiomatic approach and constructive methods were widely influential. Many of Euclid's propositions were constructive, demonstrating the existence of some figure by detailing the steps he used to construct the object using a compass and straightedge. His constructive approach appears even in his geometry's post... | Euclid's Elements | 0.796017 |
99,064 | By contrast, the affine line A1 is normal: it cannot be simplified any further by finite birational morphisms. A normal complex variety X has the property, when viewed as a stratified space using the classical topology, that every link is connected. Equivalently, every complex point x has arbitrarily small neighborhood... | Normalization of an algebraic variety | 0.796017 |
99,065 | Wallis has been credited as the originator of the number line "for negative quantities" and "for operational purposes." This is based on a passage in his 1685 treatise on algebra in which he introduced a number line to illustrate the legitimacy of negative quantities: Yet is not that Supposition (of Negative Quantities... | John Wallis | 0.796016 |
99,066 | The 1976 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Lipscomb "for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding". In a way this continued work on the nature of the chemical bond by his doctoral advisor at the California Institute of Technology, Linus Pauling, who was awarded the 1954 No... | William Lipscomb | 0.796016 |
99,067 | In geometry, isotoxal polyhedra and tilings are defined by the property that they have symmetries taking any edge to any other edge. Polyhedra with this property can also be called "edge-transitive", but they should be distinguished from edge-transitive graphs, where the symmetries are combinatorial rather than geometr... | List of isotoxal polyhedra and tilings | 0.796016 |
99,068 | From the figure to the right, the bridge current is represented as I5 Per Thévenin's theorem, finding the Thevenin equivalent circuit which is connected to the bridge load R5 and using the arbitrary current flow I5, we have: Thevenin Source (Vth) is given by the formula: V t h = ( R 2 R 1 + R 2 − R 4 R 3 + R 4 ) × U {\... | Bridge circuit | 0.796016 |
99,069 | Mario Molina began his studies at the University of California at Berkeley in 1968, where he would obtain his PhD in physical chemistry. Throughout his years at Berkeley, he participated in various research projects such as the study of molecular dynamics using chemical lasers and investigation of the distribution of i... | Mario Molina | 0.796015 |
99,070 | An artificial metalloenzyme (ArM) is a metalloprotein made in the laboratory which cannot be found in the nature and can catalyze certain desired chemical reactions. Despite fitting into classical enzyme categories, ArMs also have potential in chemical reactivity like catalyzing Suzuki coupling, metathesis and so on, w... | Artificial metalloenzyme | 0.796015 |
99,071 | This may also be interpreted in terms of adjoint functors. More precisely, let SET and ALG be respectively the categories of sets and commutative K-algebras (here, and in the following, the morphisms are trivially defined). There is a forgetful functor F: A L G → S E T {\displaystyle \mathrm {F} :\mathrm {ALG} \to \mat... | Ring of polynomials | 0.796015 |
99,072 | A KudoRank for each user and open-source contributor on a scale of 1 to 10 is automatically extracted from all kudos in the system. The idea of measuring open-source developers' skills and productivity on the basis of commit statistics or mutual rating has received mixed reactions in technology blogs. Contributor profi... | Open Hub | 0.796015 |
99,073 | Diophantus was a Hellenistic mathematician who lived c. 250 CE, but the uncertainty of this date is so great that it may be off by more than a century. He is known for having written Arithmetica, a treatise that was originally thirteen books but of which only the first six have survived. Arithmetica is the earliest ext... | Rhetorical algebra | 0.796015 |
99,074 | Freshwater – Seawater interface or saltwater interface is an essential aspect in Coastal Hydrogeology that tries to figure out the location of the transition zone or mixing zone between freshwater and seawater. A sharp interface is formed when the transition zone is thin or narrow. Coastal aquifers can be classified in... | Coastal hydrogeology | 0.796015 |
99,075 | In mathematics, a compactly generated (topological) group is a topological group G which is algebraically generated by one of its compact subsets. This should not be confused with the unrelated notion (widely used in algebraic topology) of a compactly generated space -- one whose topology is generated (in a suitable se... | Compactly generated group | 0.796015 |
99,076 | In Europe, Software Engineers can obtain the European Engineer (EUR ING) professional title. Software Engineers can also become professionally qualified as a Chartered Engineer through the British Computer Society. In the United States, the NCEES began offering a Professional Engineer exam for Software Engineering in 2... | Software engineer | 0.796014 |
99,077 | Arbuthnot concluded that this is too small to be due to chance and must instead be due to divine providence: "From whence it follows, that it is Art, not Chance, that governs." In modern terms, he rejected the null hypothesis of equally likely male and female births at the p = 1/282 significance level. Laplace consider... | Statistical test | 0.796014 |
99,078 | In molecular biology, Glycoside hydrolase family 18 is a family of glycoside hydrolases. Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside h... | Glycoside hydrolase family 18 | 0.796014 |
99,079 | In the Beltrami-Klein model of the hyperbolic geometry: two ultraparallel lines correspond to two non-intersecting chords. The poles of these two lines are the respective intersections of the tangent lines to the boundary circle at the endpoints of the chords. Lines perpendicular to line l are modeled by chords whose e... | Ultraparallel theorem | 0.796014 |
99,080 | In mathematics, an R-function, or Rvachev function, is a real-valued function whose sign does not change if none of the signs of its arguments change; that is, its sign is determined solely by the signs of its arguments.Interpreting positive values as true and negative values as false, an R-function is transformed into... | Rvachev function | 0.796014 |
99,081 | In addition to CGI, Perl 5 is used for system administration, network programming, finance, bioinformatics, and other applications, such as for GUIs. It has been nicknamed "the Swiss Army chainsaw of scripting languages" because of its flexibility and power. In 1998, it was also referred to as the "duct tape that holds... | Perl | 0.796014 |
99,082 | A neurally controlled animat is the conjunction of a cultured neuronal network a virtual or physical robotic body, the Animat, "living" in a virtual computer generated environment or in a physical arena, connected to this arrayPatterns of neural activity are used to control the virtual body, and the computer is used as... | Neurally controlled animat | 0.796014 |
99,083 | In addition, Boeing cut parts on a variety of machines at their Tulsa facility and a machine at NIST in Gaithersburg.In June 2006, a live 5-axis STEP-NC machining demonstration was hosted by Airbus at the Université Paul Sabatier Laboratoire de Génie mécanique in Toulouse. Further machining and measurement demonstratio... | STEP-NC | 0.796014 |
99,084 | It was proved by Nikolai Chebotaryov in his thesis in 1922, published in (Tschebotareff 1926). A special case that is easier to state says that if K is an algebraic number field which is a Galois extension of Q {\displaystyle \mathbb {Q} } of degree n, then the prime numbers that completely split in K have density 1/na... | Chebotaryov density theorem | 0.796014 |
99,085 | These tools are valuable for evaluating a design and ensuring it will perform within an acceptable range before construction begins. Many of the available computational tools have the capability to analyze building performance goals and perform design optimization. The accuracy of the models is influenced by the modele... | Building science | 0.796013 |
99,086 | This bioinformatics-based pairing method enables natural product discovery at a larger-scale by refining non-targeted metabolomic analyses to identify small molecules with related biosynthesis and to focus on those that may not have previously well known structures. Fluxomics is a further development of metabolomics. | Metabolomics | 0.796013 |
99,087 | However, his favorite course was on the history of science; it was a course for non-majors where he "helped students to understand some of the basic laws of the natural world around them." In 1970, Crist was forced to resign due to the since repealed mandatory retirement age of 70.From 1971 until his retirement in 2004... | Ray Crist | 0.796013 |
99,088 | PINNs can be thought of as a meshfree alternative to traditional approaches (e.g., CFD for fluid dynamics), and new data-driven approaches for model inversion and system identification. Notably, the trained PINN network can be used for predicting the values on simulation grids of different resolutions without the need ... | Physics-informed neural networks | 0.796013 |
99,089 | in Reproductive Health Demography and Statistics, a postgraduate certificate in Health Systems Management and Doctorate of Science in Medical Anthropology. While a student at Chancellor College, he formed the Demography Student Association which he went on to become the founding President and was also the interim Presi... | Thomas John Bisika | 0.796013 |
99,090 | In recent years a number of research and education areas have been grouped under the umbrella term "Design Computing", namely: Artificial Intelligence in Design Artificial Architecture Expert and Knowledge-based Systems Computational creativity Computer-Aided Design Responsive computer-aided design Digital morphogenesi... | Design computing | 0.796012 |
99,091 | The heat equation can also be considered on Riemannian manifolds, leading to many geometric applications. Following work of Subbaramiah Minakshisundaram and Åke Pleijel, the heat equation is closely related with spectral geometry. A seminal nonlinear variant of the heat equation was introduced to differential geometry ... | Heat diffusion | 0.796012 |
99,092 | Physicists were in demand after the war, and Peierls received offers from several universities. He seriously considered an offer of a position at Cambridge from William Lawrence Bragg, but decided to return to Birmingham. He worked on nuclear forces, scattering, quantum field theories, collective motion in nuclei, tran... | Rudolf Peierls | 0.796012 |
99,093 | The Kramers–Kronig relations are bidirectional mathematical relations, connecting the real and imaginary parts of any complex function that is analytic in the upper half-plane. The relations are often used to compute the real part from the imaginary part (or vice versa) of response functions in physical systems, becaus... | Kramers–Kronig relations | 0.796012 |
99,094 | Paul Schlack (22 December 1897 – 19 August 1987) was a German chemist. He completed his studies at the Technical University of Stuttgart in 1921 and worked as a research chemist in Copenhagen for a year, before returning to Stuttgart. He received his PhD in 1924. Around this time he developed a keen interest in amide c... | Paul Schlack | 0.796012 |
99,095 | Omitting ± subscripts, these must satisfythe fundamental identity Q ( Q ( a ) b ) = Q ( a ) Q ( b ) Q ( a ) , {\displaystyle \displaystyle {Q(Q(a)b)=Q(a)Q(b)Q(a),}} the commutation or homotopy identity R ( a , b ) Q ( a ) = Q ( a ) R ( b , a ) = 2 Q ( Q ( a ) b , a ) , {\displaystyle \displaystyle {R(a,b)Q(a)=Q(a)R(b,a... | Quadratic Jordan algebra | 0.796012 |
99,096 | Real world objects in the context of library science include library non-text-based equipment, tools, devices, and other three-dimensional objects that the user handles, manipulates, or may observe tactilely, and that allow him or her to gain experience and knowledge about the device, learn about how the real world fun... | Real world object | 0.796012 |
99,097 | The Lustre File System ChecK (LFSCK) feature can verify and repair the MDS Object Index (OI) while the file system is in use, after a file-level backup/restore or in case of MDS corruption. The server-side IO statistics were enhanced to allow integration with batch job schedulers such as SLURM to track per-job statisti... | Cluster File Systems | 0.796012 |
99,098 | This technique has enabled nanosensors to detect chemical species. In the field of biotechnology, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) are synthesized receptors that have shown promising, cost-effective alternatives to natural antibodies in that they are engineered to have high selectivity and affinity. For example, an... | Nanosensor | 0.796011 |
99,099 | Wichman, H. A., J. Wichman, and J. J. Bull. 2005. Adaptive molecular evolution for 13,000 phage generations: A possible arms race. Genetics 170:19-31. | Bacteriophage experimental evolution | 0.796011 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.